Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 135661 - 135690 of 5149668

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Now We Know: Findings From A Critical Pedagogy Experiment On The Nature Of Codesign Knowledge, Azadeh Jalali, Lucia Londoño Davalos, Frederick Van Amstel Sep 2025

Now We Know: Findings From A Critical Pedagogy Experiment On The Nature Of Codesign Knowledge, Azadeh Jalali, Lucia Londoño Davalos, Frederick Van Amstel

Learn X Design Conference Series

When learning codesign, design students often find themselves in the anxious position of not knowing whether they know codesign. Codesign' emphasis on shared knowledge and facilitation stands in contrast to the individual knowledge and mastery cultivated by expert design, with which students are more familiar. Critical pedagogy, an emergent approach in design education that emphasizes developing critical consciousness of the contradictions behind design, is a promising candidate for learning the shared nature of codesign knowledge. To verify this possibility, this research conducted a critical pedagogy experiment with graduate design students in the United States supported by the Blind Side gamestorming …

Go to article

Anxiety, Gratitude And Beyond: Emotional Journeys Of Design Students Through Design Juries, Ebrar Cosar, Koray Gelmez Sep 2025

Anxiety, Gratitude And Beyond: Emotional Journeys Of Design Students Through Design Juries, Ebrar Cosar, Koray Gelmez

Learn X Design Conference Series

Design juries are a critical component of design education, offering students a platform to present their work and receive feedback to enhance their skills and projects. Additionally, they serve as assessment tools for design educators, evaluating student progress and understanding their strengths and areas for improvement. This article explores the evolution of students' emotional responses to design juries from the 1st to the 4th grade and their role in design education, addressing a gap in the existing literature that lacks studies on these changes over time. To understand the perceptions of the students, a phenomenological approach was used, and the …

Go to article

Designing The World Precedes Designing The Word: The Paulo Freire Method Applied To Typography Education, Hiền L.D. Phan, Azadeh Jalali, Frederick M. C. Van Amstel Sep 2025

Designing The World Precedes Designing The Word: The Paulo Freire Method Applied To Typography Education, Hiền L.D. Phan, Azadeh Jalali, Frederick M. C. Van Amstel

Learn X Design Conference Series

This paper describes a critical pedagogy design experiment in typography education in a public university in the United States of America. Inspired by Paulo Freire’s claim that reading the world precedes reading the word, typography was reframed in this experiment as a designing of the world through designing the word. To design words this way, graphic design students need first to re-read the designs of their worlds, have something to say about that, and then critically embed their (designed) word into their (designed) world. This experiment builds upon the critical design pedagogy program set forth by the Design & Oppression …

Go to article

Neodesign: The Loss Of Craft, Imagination And A Playful Attitude, Rodrigo Hernández Ramírez, Yaron Meron Sep 2025

Neodesign: The Loss Of Craft, Imagination And A Playful Attitude, Rodrigo Hernández Ramírez, Yaron Meron

Learn X Design Conference Series

Since around the turn of the millennium, a “New Design” ethos gradually emerged. It is a reformulation of design entrenched enough to warrant a term of its own: Neodesign. Repackaged as a procedural, risk-averse, sandboxed version of the design process, aimed especially at non-designers, Neodesign has nevertheless come to be seen as the measure against which design practice is measured outside of design practice. In this paper, we argue that craft, imagination, and playfulness are crucial aspects of what makes design design and, arguably, one of the reasons why the discipline has been well-received in business circles. We further explore …

Go to article

Applying Intersectional Theory In Design As A Practice Of Raising Awareness In Design Education, Federica Caruso, Venanzio Arquilla Sep 2025

Applying Intersectional Theory In Design As A Practice Of Raising Awareness In Design Education, Federica Caruso, Venanzio Arquilla

Learn X Design Conference Series

This paper examines the integration of intersectionality theory into design education to foster critical awareness. Intersectionality, which acknowledges the interconnectedness of multiple identities and systemic oppressions, challenges traditional design paradigms that often perpetuate biases and exclusion. This research aims to prioritise inclusive design, focusing on its integration into meta-design. In this context, "meta-design" indicates a methodological approach to reframing design briefs (problem-framing). Research on problem-framing, which directly influences decision-making, often incorporates biases that lead to superficial efforts to address inclusivity. It is imperative to address awareness, power dynamics and prejudices at the beginning of the design process to mitigate them. …

Go to article

Empowering Future Designers: Embedding Responsible Entrepreneurship With Ethical And Sustainable Thinking In Graphic Design Education, Geneviève Raîche-Savoie Sep 2025

Empowering Future Designers: Embedding Responsible Entrepreneurship With Ethical And Sustainable Thinking In Graphic Design Education, Geneviève Raîche-Savoie

Learn X Design Conference Series

To integrate sustainability and the responsibilities of future graphic designers into design education, this paper explores an innovative approach rooted in Education through Responsible Entrepreneurship. This pedagogical framework fosters an entrepreneurial mindset, empowering students to initiate their own projects while evaluating their broader impact. As part of a doctoral research, the study focused on designing a five-day creative retreat for graphic design students at Cégep de Sainte-Foy in Québec City, Canada. The retreat combined theoretical modules with practical individual and team workshops, inspiring students to explore concepts of responsible entrepreneurship alongside ethical and sustainable decision-making. Through a mixed-method research methodology …

Go to article

Designing Playful Education: A Game Changing Matrix To Rule ‘Em All, Letizia Vaccarella, Giulia Teverini, Annamaria Recupero Sep 2025

Designing Playful Education: A Game Changing Matrix To Rule ‘Em All, Letizia Vaccarella, Giulia Teverini, Annamaria Recupero

Learn X Design Conference Series

Games have transcended their role as mere entertainment tools evolving into powerful mediums for driving meaningful change. Whether addressing environmental sustainability, health promotion, or educational engagement, these games for change hold immense transformative potential. But the successful design of this type of games requires consideration of several aspects (context, objectives, participants, game elements), and there are no structured methods available yet to support this process. To fill this gap, this paper introduces the Game Changing Matrix, a novel methodology developed to support the design of games aimed at meaningful transformation. Building on the frameworks of the MDA (Mechanics, Dynamics, and …

Go to article

Sustainable Design Competences In Action: Bridging Educational And Professional Practices, Iryna Kucher, Karen Marie Hasling, Ulla Ræbild Sep 2025

Sustainable Design Competences In Action: Bridging Educational And Professional Practices, Iryna Kucher, Karen Marie Hasling, Ulla Ræbild

Learn X Design Conference Series

Due to increasing ecological, social, and economic challenges, sustainability has transitioned from being a peripheral concern to a central tenet of international frameworks and policies, which underscore the need to equip the workforce with competences, necessary to integrate sustainable practices into the organisational operations, products, and services. At the heart of these efforts lies a pressing need to reconsider educational practices and reimagine how students can acquire sustainability competences, which can better prepare them for evolving labour markets. Despite an abundance of research on the topic, there is no consensus regarding what these competences are. Moreover, the majority of the …

Go to article

Learning From The David Collection, Else Skjold Sep 2025

Learning From The David Collection, Else Skjold

Learn X Design Conference Series

This paper elaborates on a 2nd semester project at the MA [x] in Fashion and Textiles, that is conducted in collaboration with the David Collection Museum in Copenhagen. It will showcase three student projects and how the students individually work with various implications of cultural heritage and cultural appropriation in design. As the MA is born out of the user-led, situated and contextual principles of so-called wardrobe research, it will be highlighted how this lens can help offer pathways for engaging with museum objects that hold deep levels of cultural heritage. Especially, how ‘learning with history’ with a student mix …

Go to article

Design Education Exploring Iot In Sports With An Ethnographic Toolkit, Luca D'Elia, Mariia Ershova, Miriam Saviano, Alessandro Aiuti, Viktor Malakuczi, Lorenzo Imbesi Sep 2025

Design Education Exploring Iot In Sports With An Ethnographic Toolkit, Luca D'Elia, Mariia Ershova, Miriam Saviano, Alessandro Aiuti, Viktor Malakuczi, Lorenzo Imbesi

Learn X Design Conference Series

Design emphasizes the understanding of user needs through direct interaction to build empathy before developing solutions. This approach is crucial for emerging technologies like IoT, which lack defined roles in daily life. Modern design education incorporates ethnography to enable students to engage with approachable communities, facilitating effective user research within academic project timelines. This contribution presents a didactic approach that intertwines human-centered research skills with technological prototyping. The focus is on sporting communities in public spaces, explored with a purpose-built ethnographic toolkit designed to uncover user insights and develop IoT solutions that enhance community activities. The article describes the preparation …

Go to article

Living Lab For Human Life In Space. New Education Experiences., Laura Succini, Valentina Gianfrate, Veronica Pasini Sep 2025

Living Lab For Human Life In Space. New Education Experiences., Laura Succini, Valentina Gianfrate, Veronica Pasini

Learn X Design Conference Series

Over the past two decades, advanced design cultures have worked to integrate complexity management and long-term vision into design practices and learning models. Learning is no longer seen as a transmissive process, but rather as an intentional, active practice involving reciprocal activities of action and reflection, experimentation and prototyping. What happens, however, when designing for extreme contexts such as deep space? How can this field be used to improve the education of future designers? Building on the Responsible Advanced Design approach, the paper presents the results of the Space Living Lab, a learning environment and an experimental system applied to …

Go to article

Intertwinia Elitism: Educating Leaders Through Power, Myth And Ai., Francesco Galli Sep 2025

Intertwinia Elitism: Educating Leaders Through Power, Myth And Ai., Francesco Galli

Learn X Design Conference Series

What is the hidden message behind the Sator Square, and why does this palindrome continue to generate multiple and contradictory interpretations? Rather than resolving the hermeneutics of this ancient and enigmatic design symbol, the article adopts it as a speculative lens to examine how power circulates through the cultural manifestations of art and design. Revisited in the conclusion, the SATOR operates as a metaphor for the intertwined, recursive, and ambiguous forces that shape creative knowledge and leadership. Drawing on soft power as a force of attraction and influence, the discussion critiques design elitism—which constrains inclusivity and sustains hierarchical structures in …

Go to article

Intertwining The Materiality And The Criticism In The Critical Making Studio, Özgün Dilek Sep 2025

Intertwining The Materiality And The Criticism In The Critical Making Studio, Özgün Dilek

Learn X Design Conference Series

This paper presents a studio-based course in a higher education setting that explores the pedagogical potential of the Critical Making (CM) approach. The course was designed to investigate how B.Sc. level industrial design students could integrate critical thinking and material exploration within the design process. It aimed to cultivate students’ abilities in three interrelated areas: articulating social criticism through design, employing interactive technologies to support critical expression, and engaging in personal inquiry into design processes. Structured at the intersection of art and design, the course employed studio pedagogy supported by class exercises and coding workshops. These activities encouraged students to …

Go to article

How To Sketch Things With Words?, Suleyman Enes Himaki, Ozge Merzali Celikoglu, Elif Sen Himaki Sep 2025

How To Sketch Things With Words?, Suleyman Enes Himaki, Ozge Merzali Celikoglu, Elif Sen Himaki

Learn X Design Conference Series

This study investigates the relationship between verbal and visual modes of thinking among novice design students, focusing on their mutual influences and exchanges. Conducted within an undergraduate course, Design Communication II, the study engaged eleven students in a series of exercises and workshops over a fourteen-week period designed to facilitate transitions between verbal and visual thinking. The research aimed to explore the effects of incorporating verbal exercises into a drawing course, understand how students respond to a curriculum that equally emphasizes verbal and visual activities, and assess the impact of verbal discussions on visual communication methods. Using participant observation as …

Go to article

Everyday Interactions With The Tecnosphere: A Critical Educational Path, Annapaola Vacanti, Alessandro Lodovini Sep 2025

Everyday Interactions With The Tecnosphere: A Critical Educational Path, Annapaola Vacanti, Alessandro Lodovini

Learn X Design Conference Series

Contemporary design risks becoming irrelevant or complicit in a technocratic agenda that prioritizes evidence over values unless future designers are trained to critically understand technology and its impacts on social, economic, political, environmental, and psychological structures. What role does design play in this process? What stance will tomorrow’s designer embrace? These questions form the backbone of the Theories and History of Design course at Università Iuav di Venezia, which focused on the transformation of everyday actions mediated by technology. At the sociological level, two perspectives collide: a critical approach that acknowledges risks to individual freedoms and a techno-optimist view that …

Go to article

Designing Scaffolding Cards For Design Challenges In K-12 Settings, Saad Shehab, Jane Pak, Roya Attarian, Michelle Heredia Sep 2025

Designing Scaffolding Cards For Design Challenges In K-12 Settings, Saad Shehab, Jane Pak, Roya Attarian, Michelle Heredia

Learn X Design Conference Series

This paper explores the development of scaffolding tools, specifically a card template, to support high school teachers and students in human-centered design (HCD) problem-based learning challenges. Drawing on research-supported design principles, we present a versatile template that can be used to create cards that can support students as they work on design challenges. We demonstrate the use of the template to create cards that can facilitate high school students’ engagement in design challenges that apply math and design to address social justice issues. We present our plans for prototyping the design and use of these cards with teachers and students …

Go to article

Education Meta-Ideologies Applied To The Studio Model, Paul David Hardman, Licínio Roque, Nuno Coelho Sep 2025

Education Meta-Ideologies Applied To The Studio Model, Paul David Hardman, Licínio Roque, Nuno Coelho

Learn X Design Conference Series

This paper summarises the meta-ideologies of education and uses them as a basis for constructing a table of education paradigms that can structure analyses of variations in the studio model of design education. Lamm’s meta-ideologies (Socialisation, Acculturation, and Individuation) are compared to Biesta’s domains of purpose and the “undermining didactic,” which Harpaz defined as the most suitable pattern of instruction for critical thinking. This mapping of educational ideas, patterns, and purposes is used to discuss both the signature pedagogical features of the studio model and the emancipative orientation of Pluriversal Design. This exercise adds nuance to the debate about pedagogical …

Go to article

Pluralism In Design Education: Mental Models And Decision-Making, Jennifer Rittner Sep 2025

Pluralism In Design Education: Mental Models And Decision-Making, Jennifer Rittner

Learn X Design Conference Series

Designers for "social good" and "social impact" must critically examine the assumptions and mental models that shape their understanding of the communities they aim to serve. This essay argues that embracing pluralistic, non-fixed conceptions of identity and positionality is crucial for creating truly inclusive and equitable design practices. Through frameworks that deconstruct the idea of fixed identities, designers can surface their unconscious biases and unlearn harmful originating myths about marginalized groups being culturally, socially, cognitively, or physically "deficient." The essay presents flexible positionality matrices that position aspects of identity along spectrums of fixed, fluid, conditional, and temporal states of being. …

Go to article

Permaculture Of Game Development Education: The Intertwined Nature Of Games Research And Game Design Practice, Asli Tece Bayrak, Sofia Piven Sep 2025

Permaculture Of Game Development Education: The Intertwined Nature Of Games Research And Game Design Practice, Asli Tece Bayrak, Sofia Piven

Learn X Design Conference Series

Game development is an interdisciplinary collaborative process which involves programming, art, and design expertise. A game development education, therefore, builds upon the already unique challenges of learning game programming and game art, while acknowledging that successful video game development relies on designing and producing compelling player experiences. Given this complexity, to date there is not a standardized approach to building game development curriculum. Recent curriculum overviews reflect a large degree of variation in foci - technical degrees focusing on courses such as mathematics, physics, programming, graphics or art degrees focusing on courses such as 2D or 3D art, animation, world …

Go to article

Beyond Boundaries: Exploring Design Through Place-Based Learning, Azeem Hamid, Umar Hameed Sep 2025

Beyond Boundaries: Exploring Design Through Place-Based Learning, Azeem Hamid, Umar Hameed

Learn X Design Conference Series

In this paper we examine the transformative potential of place-based design education through a collaborative, cross-cultural project involving first-year design students from the Pakistan Institute of Fashion & Design (PIFD) and Beaconhouse National University (BNU), Lahore, in partnership with the Social Innovation Academy (SINA) in Uganda. Utilizing a critical place-based pedagogical methodology, the project aimed to foster creative problem-solving, and cross-cultural collaboration through experiential and outdoor learning. Over three phases from 2017 to 2019, students participated in multidisciplinary activities that emphasized co-design and participatory practices within real-world contexts. Findings from the project indicate significant enhancement in students' abilities to navigate …

Go to article

Exploring The Use Of Genai Feedback During Design Projects, Akash Saini, Saadeddine Shehab, William Cope, Mary Kalantzis, Vania Carvalho De Castro, Amber Schultz Sep 2025

Exploring The Use Of Genai Feedback During Design Projects, Akash Saini, Saadeddine Shehab, William Cope, Mary Kalantzis, Vania Carvalho De Castro, Amber Schultz

Learn X Design Conference Series

This study explores the development, implementation, and initial testing of an AI reviewer tool leveraging generative AI (GenAI) to enhance learning experiences in an introduction to human-centered design (HCD) course. The tool was designed using rubric-driven prompts tailored for retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), ensuring feedback that is relevant, consistent, and actionable. To evaluate its effectiveness, the AI reviewer tool was tested in the Fall 2024 course, where it generated feedback on student design project artifacts, including documentation and presentations. Students and the instructor were later separately engaged in reflective discussions to assess the feedback’s clarity, usefulness, and impact on learning. The …

Go to article

Futuring Design Education Better: Practice, Experience, And Context, Andrew Whitcomb Sep 2025

Futuring Design Education Better: Practice, Experience, And Context, Andrew Whitcomb

Learn X Design Conference Series

Design education has a responsibility to continuously reconsider its purpose toward students and society. Yet, despite ongoing discussions about what futures for design education should contain, we have little scholarship on how futuring happens in the present. Without addressing the context of sociotechnical institutions, we run the risk of developing design education futures that perpetuate unsustainable ways of knowing, being, and making. This paper aims to enrich conversations about design education futures by accounting for and critically reflecting on the experience of practicing as a design educator-researcher in a large public research university in the United States. Drawing inspiration from …

Go to article

Understanding & Application Of Rigor In Qualitative Design Research, Andrew Russell, Zach Pino Sep 2025

Understanding & Application Of Rigor In Qualitative Design Research, Andrew Russell, Zach Pino

Learn X Design Conference Series

A lack of rigor is an existential issue for the field of qualitative design research. Rigor is essential to research of any kind being seen as reputable, but a dearth of applied means creates less-than-rigorous research. There is increased risk when acting upon less-than-rigorous research. Qualitative design researchers are quick to speak of the importance of rigor in their field, but the literature shows few speak to its application when designing its methodology. This study aims to understand how rigor is defined and applied in qualitative design research. We conducted a controlled study, consisting of an interview and survey, with …

Go to article

Design Literacies & Futures Literacies: Pedagogies For Diverse Futures, Manuhuia Barcham, Gillian Russell, Criag Badke, Tyler Fox Sep 2025

Design Literacies & Futures Literacies: Pedagogies For Diverse Futures, Manuhuia Barcham, Gillian Russell, Criag Badke, Tyler Fox

Learn X Design Conference Series

Design pedagogy is futural. Our field of practice is to create design leaders of the future. In the context of uncertain futures an exploration of design literacies and futures literacies is a means of preparing our students for what is to come. Framed as a skill that uses collective intelligence, imagination and experimentation to think about the future in innovative ways, futures literacies and, so too design literacies, are about building people’s capacities to make sense of complex situations, while crafting ways to act that are more consistent with the type of futures we want. But how is this to …

Go to article

Open Systems, Shared Practices: A Case Study For Postdisciplinary Design Education, Johannes Pointner, Albert Lang, Marc Pfaff Sep 2025

Open Systems, Shared Practices: A Case Study For Postdisciplinary Design Education, Johannes Pointner, Albert Lang, Marc Pfaff

Learn X Design Conference Series

The M.A. Design & Computation program exemplifies the establishment of interactive learning frameworks that prioritize self-directed and collaborative approaches to knowledge production. Developed as a joint initiative by the Berlin University of the Arts and the Technical University of Berlin, the program integrates participatory design methodologies, iterative processes, and decentralized structures to address the complexities of contemporary challenges. Through key components, such as teaching, its spatial design, and its extended institutional framing, the program creates a dynamic environment where students engage in postdisciplinary collaboration and critically reflect on emerging technologies and societal issues. This paper explores how these interactive frameworks …

Go to article

Exploring The Role Of Design To Support Interdisciplinary Research In Higher Education Institutions, Rute Harada, Nina Costa, Johannes Goessling Sep 2025

Exploring The Role Of Design To Support Interdisciplinary Research In Higher Education Institutions, Rute Harada, Nina Costa, Johannes Goessling

Learn X Design Conference Series

This paper explores how design approaches can enhance interdisciplinary research in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Through a review of fourteen recent articles (2019-2024), we analyze challenges, institutional barriers, and existing methods for measuring interdisciplinary research. Our findings reveal that while interdisciplinary research has advanced significantly, it continues to face substantial challenges across cognitive, emotional, and institutional dimensions. The analysis suggests three key areas where design can contribute: fostering collaborative research cultures, developing integrated research methods, and enhancing cross-disciplinary communication. This research identifies critical gaps in current understanding and proposes directions for future investigation, including developing systematic measurement methods and conducting …

Go to article

Bridging Academia And Industry Through Service Design: The Proposal Of Edu.Co Platform, Miray Hamarat Dundar, Şeyda Şenay Elmas, Beste Tanrıverdi Köse Sep 2025

Bridging Academia And Industry Through Service Design: The Proposal Of Edu.Co Platform, Miray Hamarat Dundar, Şeyda Şenay Elmas, Beste Tanrıverdi Köse

Learn X Design Conference Series

This paper explores the application of service design methods and tools to develop edu.co, a proposed digital platform aimed at enhancing interaction and collaboration between academia and industry. Addressing the growing need for sustainable academic-industry networks, this study integrates a comprehensive literature review on recommendation systems, academic social networking, and multi-stakeholder collaboration, employing qualitative research methods. The study involved semi-structured interviews with 12 participants from arts and design fields, a co-design process with six participants, followed by thematic analysis. Findings reveal key challenges such as miscommunication, difficulties in identifying the right collaborators, and time management barriers. The co-design approach was …

Go to article

In Terms Of Ethics, How Might Ux Design Education Explore Mph In Health Policy Curricula, Guy-Serge Emmanuel Sep 2025

In Terms Of Ethics, How Might Ux Design Education Explore Mph In Health Policy Curricula, Guy-Serge Emmanuel

Learn X Design Conference Series

In the fast landscape of technology and design, UX designers hold a crucial role in molding how users interact with digital products. While one of the primary goals of UX design is to enhance user satisfaction. It is also imperative we must create products for all users. It's increasingly important for UX designers to consider the ethical implications of the design decisions they make. Unfortunately, consideration towards creating a product that everyone can use is lacking. For decades, the healthcare sector was known its unethical behavior. One can look at the Tuskegee experiment, a medical study conducted by the U.S …

Go to article

Framework For Ethical Worldbuilding With Solidarity-Driven Co-Design, Laura Cechanowicz, Steven Zuiker, Michelle Jordan, Ed Finn, Ruth Wylie Sep 2025

Framework For Ethical Worldbuilding With Solidarity-Driven Co-Design, Laura Cechanowicz, Steven Zuiker, Michelle Jordan, Ed Finn, Ruth Wylie

Learn X Design Conference Series

Diversity is a fundamental resource in co-design processes; however, centering wide-ranging participants around a design rather than individual, disciplinary, or other forms of expertise can be challenging. Expanding the scope of design to include the entanglements of temporality and community amplifies these challenges. Addressing these challenges requires a reconfiguration of the fundamental relationships between designers, researchers, research participants, collaborators, and the land and place where research and design outcomes occur, including a deeper form of engagement with communities. Despite the substantial groundwork existing approaches have developed, emerging efforts challenge us to conceptualize an ethical approach for recognizing, working with, and …

Go to article

Scale Up: Enabling Definitional Discussion In Graphic Design Using A Visual Analogue Scale (Vas), Alis Iacob, Meherunisa Baig Sep 2025

Scale Up: Enabling Definitional Discussion In Graphic Design Using A Visual Analogue Scale (Vas), Alis Iacob, Meherunisa Baig

Learn X Design Conference Series

This letter aims to highlight some of the definitional challenges in graphic design research. The authors suggest using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), a psychometric tool traditionally employed in psychology, as a prompt for facilitating discussions around the definition of graphic design. By anchoring the scale's endpoints with the divisive concepts of "form" and "function," the proposal seeks to contextualise these diverse opinions within the historical and current complexities involved in defining graphic design. According to the literature, ambiguous viewpoints often emerge from the nature of the discipline and its evolving practices, perspectives which are frequently influenced by socio-cultural, political, …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last