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2nd Place Contest Entry: International Adoption: Its Rise In The United States And Downfall In The Education System, Nicole Williams

Kevin and Tam Ross Undergraduate Research Prize

This is Nicole Williams' submission for the 2019 Kevin and Tam Ross Undergraduate Research Prize, which won second place. It contains her essay on using library resources, a three-page sample of her research project on developmental challenges and its implication on education for international adoptees, and her works cited list.

Nicole is a junior at Chapman University, majoring in Psychology and Integrated Educational Studies. Her faculty mentor is Dr. Anne Steketee.

‘A Spirit Of Faction’: The Essex Junto And The Decline Of The Federalist Party, Julia Brown

Armstrong Undergraduate Journal of History

Early American politics was largely characterized by fear, distrust, and blatant propaganda. There is perhaps no political faction that more fully embodies this fact than the Essex Junto. This essay delves into the history of this secretive faction from Essex County, Massachusetts and their impact on the post-Revolutionary period. Through analysis of both primary and secondary source material, this study seeks to decipher the true nature of the Junto, whether they wielded significant political influence or merely functioned as a useful propaganda tool for opportunistic Jeffersonians. This paper also examines the existing scholarship on this topic, mainly works created by …

The Eagle’S Rise: Napoleon Bonaparte’S First Campaign And The Birth Of Napoleonic Warfare, Berke Gursoy

Armstrong Undergraduate Journal of History

Traditionally, the study of Napoleonic warfare has been approached through the lens of the massive battles of the French Empire and Emperor Napoleon, but little attention has been paid to those campaigns of General Bonaparte, specifically, on Napoleon’s first campaign, the Italian Campaign. This paper argues that the Italian campaign should be understood not only amongst Napoleon’s greatest but amongst history’s greatest demonstrations of the art of war. This thesis is advanced by an overview of the core elements of Napoleonic warfare and a demonstration of their implementation in Italy. Using both primary and secondary sources, this paper conducts an …

The Proving Ground: The Decline Of Slavery And The Emergence Of Black Codes In Antebellum Delaware, Justin Muchnick

Armstrong Undergraduate Journal of History

This paper focuses on the oft-neglected First State in the pre-Civil War years. It explores the economic and social factors in Delaware through the first half of the nineteenth century that led to widespread voluntary emancipation of slaves in the state without resulting in the official legal abolition of the institution of slavery. From here, this paper shows how this strange tension created an environment hospitable to some of the nation’s first black codes, which can be seen as ideological forerunners to postwar systems of racial control such as vagrancy laws and convict leasing in the Deep South.

Ruined Ingénue And Redeemed Sister: Representations Of The Sex Worker In Late-Nineteenth-Century American Fiction, Helen Stec

Armstrong Undergraduate Journal of History

Male-authored novels written in the mid-to-late nineteenth century frequently denied female sexual desire and agency and adhered to themes of poverty and seduction. Often, male authors explicitly punished their female characters for their sexual indiscretions, typically by imposing death sentences upon them and emphasizing how surviving sex workers were spiritually irredeemable. However, the few female-authored novels from this time that address prostitution were less encumbered by this patriarchal framework and more aware of the nuances of the female sexual experience. Female authors were generally more forgiving and sympathetic to the sex workers they wrote about. They often allowed these women …

Nationalism Through Insecurity: Why 1979 Iranian Revolution Started?, Ryan Schweitzer

Armstrong Undergraduate Journal of History

Nationalism and revolutions are highly volatile processes and typically can be seen as attempts to create a unified society. While Iranian nationalism may be a creation of religious and academic elites, religious zeal and intellectual enlightenment cannot be the sole, or even strongest, explanation. However, with Iran, the nationalism was evoked not out of a desire to necessarily create a new nation, but instead to create an independent nation out of the control of Western powers, particularly the United States. The United States was forcefully creating new cultural identities and Westernized lifestyles, which some Iranians viewed as a security concern …

Review Of War Of Annihilation: Combat And Genocide On The Eastern Front, 1941, Peter Kropf

Armstrong Undergraduate Journal of History

Book Review

Osvobození Jako Revoluční Praxe: Opĕtovné Promyšlení Buddhistického Materialism, James Mark Shields

Faculty Journal Articles

In this article, first published in English in the Journal of Buddhist Ethics 20 (2013), pp. 461–99, James Mark Shields analyzes the possibilities and problems of a “Buddhist materialism” constructed along Marxian lines, by focusing in particular on Buddhist and Marxist conceptions of “liberation.” Although it is only in recent decades that scholars have begun to reconsider and problematize Buddhist conceptions of “free- dom” and “agency,” the thought traditions of Asian Buddhism have for many centuries struggled with questions related to the issue of “liberation”—along with its fundamental ontological, epistemological and ethical implications. With the development of Marxist thought in …

Population Genetic Structure And Species Delimitation Of A Widespread, Neotropical Dwarf Gecko, Brendan J. Pinto, Guarino R. Colli, Timothy E. Higham, Anthony P. Russell, Daniel P. Scantlebury, Laurie J. Vitt, Tony Gamble

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Amazonia harbors the greatest biological diversity on Earth. One trend that spans Amazonian taxa is that most taxonomic groups either exhibit broad geographic ranges or small restricted ranges. This is likely because many traits that determine a species range size, such as dispersal ability or body size, are autocorrelated. As such, it is rare to find groups that exhibit both large and small ranges. Once identified, however, these groups provide a powerful system for isolating specific traits that influence species distributions. One group of terrestrial vertebrates, gecko lizards, tends to exhibit small geographic ranges. Despite one exception, this applies to …

Spinal Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 Regulates Painafter Peripheral Trauma, Maral Tajerian, J. David Clark

Publications and Research

It is well documented that pain chronification requires a host of plastic mechanisms at the spinal cord (SC) level, including alterations in neuronal and glial structure and function. Such cellular plasticity necessitates the existence of a plastic extracellular matrix(ECM). Here, we describe a key role for ECM remodeling in the regulation of chronic pain following peripheral injury. Three weeks following tibia fracture in mice, we show increased levels of MMP8 in the SC. Furthermore, we show that the pharmacological or genetic down regulation of MMP8 ameliorates the pain phenotype observed after injury. These results delineate an extracellular mechanism for pain …

April 1, 2019, The Daily Mississippian

Daily Mississippian (all digitized issues)

No abstract provided.

Large Coronary Arteries Mean No Chance Of A Heart Attack, Right? An Acute Myocardial Infarction In The Setting Of Holding Anticoagulation For A Routine Colonoscopy, Nathan Brewster Do, Jennifer Nesfeder, Ryan Murphy Do, Brian J. Holahan, Syed Rafay Ali Sabzwari

Department of Medicine

Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is an uncommon pathology, which is sometimes incidentally found on left heart catheterization (LHC). CAE is occasionally treated with systemic anticoagulation to prevent thrombosis or progression of the clot in the coronary arteries. We present a 63-year-old male with known CAE on warfarin who presented to the hospital with myocardial infarction after a routine colonoscopy for which anticoagulation was held. His myocardial infarction was attributed to a likely coronary thromboembolic event. This case highlights the need for consideration of bridging anticoagulation therapy before and after procedures in patients with CAE to prevent adverse coronary events.

Exploring The Trajectory And Prevention Of Alcohol Use Among Young People From The Perspective Of Professional Youth Workers, Kristin Haglund, Mark Hayter

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Excessive alcohol use is a significant health issue. Underage drinking is one expression of excessive alcohol use. Researchers have identified a trajectory of alcohol involvement. Gaps exist in understanding the influences that delay and promote the trajectory of alcohol use among young people. The purpose of this study was to explore the contexts and influences that limited and contributed to the trajectory of alcohol use among young people. A qualitative descriptive design was used. Eight youth workers from a city in Northern England participated in individual audio-recorded semi-structured interviews. Transcriptions were coded. Data were analyzed within, and across, codes to …

Clarifying Model For Continuity Of Care: A Concept Analysis, Sarah J. Bahr, Marianne E. Weiss

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Aim

The aim is to clarify the use of the term continuity in the specific context of acute care hospitalization and discharge.

Background

The meaning of “continuity” is often co‐mingled with other concepts, specifically coordination and communication. To increase usefulness for contemporary concerns with the hospitalization‐postdischarge continuum, continuity of care is examined from the specific context of acute hospitalization and discharge.

Design

Concept analysis.

Data Sources

Medline via Ovid, Cochrane Library, Cinahl, and Google Scholar. Search years encompassed 2001–2016.

Review Methods

Rodgers evolutionary concept analysis method.

Results

A total of 50 papers were included in this concept analysis. Synthesis of …

Association Of Food Insecurity With Early Childhood Caries, Matina V. Angelopoulou, S. D. Shanti, Cesar D. Gonzalez, Ashley Love, Jeffrey Chaffin

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives

The aim of this study was to examine the association of food insecurity on the prevalence of dental caries in preschool children.

Methods

Eighty-two children, aged 12-71 months old, from the Marquette University School of Dentistry Community South Clinic and their caregivers participated in this cross-sectional study. Following informed consent, parents completed the validated six-item US Department of Agriculture food insecurity questionnaire and questions regarding demographic information and family structure. Upon clinical examination caries was recorded using the decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft) index based on the International Caries Detection and Assessment System criteria.

Results

The correlation between dmft …

Prospective Study Of Glycated Hemoglobin And Trajectories Of Depressive Symptoms: The China Health And Retirement Longitudinal Study, Haibin Li, Anxin Wang, Wei Feng, Deqiang Zheng, Qi Gao, Lixin Tao, Jin Guo, Xiaonan Wang, Xia Li, Wei Wang, Xiuhua Guo

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The longitudinal association between glycated hemoglobin (HbA_1c) and different courses of depressive symptoms is understudied. This study aimed to identify different trajectories of depressive symptoms and investigate the relation of HbA_1c with the risk of increasing and high-stable depressive symptoms. In the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, depressive symptoms were measured using the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale in three visits (years: 2011, 2013 and 2015) among 9804 participants (mean age 60.0 ± 9.0 years). Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify trajectories of depressive symptoms. HbA_1c was measured at baseline and categorized five …

Subfederal Immigration Regulation And The Trump Effect, Huyen Pham, Pham Hoang Van

Faculty Scholarship

The restrictive changes made by the Trump presidency on U.S. immigration policy have been widely reported: the significant increases in both interior and border enforcement, the travel ban prohibiting immigration from majority-Muslim countries, and the termination of the DACA program. Beyond the traditional levers of federal immigration control, this administration has also moved aggressively to harness the enforcement power of local and state police to increase interior immigration enforcement. To that end, the administration has employed both voluntary measures (like signing 287(g) agreements deputizing local police to enforce immigration laws) and involuntary measures (threatening to defund jurisdictions with so-called “sanctuary” …

Spatiotemporal Variation Of Benthic Silica Fluxes In The Ngom Shelf, Byron Ebner

LSU Master's Theses

Dissolved silica (DSi), plays an important role in regulating primary productivity of silicifying organisms, such as diatoms which precipitate hard parts composed of biogenic silica (bSi) in coastal and shelf ecosystems fed by major rivers. In the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM), loading of nitrogen and phosphorous have increased compared to a decline in DSi in the Mississippi River. Continued decreasing in DSi loading could lead to limited diatom growth and production or shifts in community composition, therefore, it is important understand the role of benthic fluxes in providing silica to the overlying water column as there are few regional …

Acoustic Characteristics Of Vowels Produced By Young Children From The New Orleans Area, Rebecca E. Dorsa

LSU Master's Theses

Understanding dialects and their effects on speech and language is integral to the field of speech-language pathology, as dialectal differences could potentially be misdiagnosed as speech or language disorders if these factors are not well-considered. The number and organization of the vowel system of one regional dialect of American English differs from those of another regional dialects. Therefore, understanding the effect of dialect on vowel productions in children can aid in the accurate evaluation of children from various dialectal backgrounds. The aims of the proposed study were to 1) determine the age at which young children develop acoustic markers of …

An Effective Model For Engaging Faculty And Undergraduate Students In Neuroscience Outreach With Middle Schoolers, Peter J. Vollbrecht, Riley S. Frenette, Andrew J. Gall

Faculty Publications

Engaging undergraduate students in science outreach events is critical for improving future communication between scientists and community members. Outreach events are opportunities for faculty and undergraduates to utilize active learning strategies to engage non-scientists in scientific questions and principles. Through careful design of outreach events, undergraduate students can practice science communication skills while reaching populations of the public that remain underserved and underrepresented in scientific fields. Here we describe a classroom outreach event designed to give a broad overview of the field of neuroscience to middle school students of all backgrounds by delivering the content in school, during school hours. …

Atmospheric Propagation Of High Energy Lasers: Thermal Blooming Simulation, Jonathan Gustafsson, Benjamin F. Akers, Jonah A. Reeger, Sivaguru S. Sritharan

Faculty Publications

High Energy Laser (HEL) propagation through turbulent atmosphere is examined via numerical simulation. The beam propagation is modeled with the paraxial equation, which in turn is written as a system of equations for a quantum fluid, via the Madelung transform. A finite volume solver is applied to the quantum fluid equations, which supports sharp gradients in beam intensity. The atmosphere is modeled via a coupled advection-diffusion equation whose initial data have Kolmogorov spectrum. In this model the combined effects of thermal blooming, beam slewing, and deep turbulence are simulated.

Age, Period, And Cohort Trends In Mood Disorder And Suicide-Related Outcomes In A Nationally Representative Dataset, 2005-2017, Jean M. Twenge, A Bell Cooper, Thomas E. Joiner, Mary E. Duffy, Sarah G. Binau

Faculty and Staff Publications & Presentations

Drawing from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH; N = 611,880), a nationally representative survey of U.S. adolescents and adults, we assess age, period, and cohort trends in mood disorder and suicide-related outcomes since the mid-2000s. Rates of major depressive episode in the last year among adolescents aged 12 to 17 increased by 52% 2005-2017; major depressive episode in the last year increased 63% between 2009 and 2017 among young adults 18-25. Serious psychological distress in the last month and suicide-related outcomes (suicidal ideation, plans, attempts, and deaths by suicide) in the last year also increased among …

Congress, Let Bicycles Back In, Andrew Applegate

BYU Law Review

The Wilderness Act of 1964 protects certain federal lands in the United States, called “wilderness areas,” from human habitation and development. When the Wilderness Act was first passed, nonmotorized bicycle travel was allowed in wilderness areas. However, in 1984, the United States Forest Service altered its interpretation of the statutory text of the Wilderness Act and banned nonmotorized bicycle travel in wilderness areas. Seeking to reverse the Forest Service’s blanket-ban on bicycles in wilderness areas, bicycle activists sought a legislative remedy. In March of 2017, House Federal Lands Subcommittee Chairman Tom McClintock introduced House Bill 1349 to the United States …

Out Of Many, One: Discovering The Shared Statutory Speech Community Through Corpus Linguistics, Justin A. Miller

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Pulling Out Of Paris And Following Connecticut: Aggressive State Energy Policy In The Trump Era, James Zimmer

Connecticut Journal of International Law

President Donald Trump, fulfilling one of his campaign promises', announced on June 1, 2017, that it was his intention to withdraw from the Paris Agreement and that the official notification would be forthcoming2 . On August 4, 2017, that promise was realized when the United Nations Secretary General, Ant6nio Guterres, received official notification from the United States' delegation that the United States would be withdrawing from the Paris Agreement.3 Citing economic concerns held by the people who elected President Trump to represent their interests and a study produced by the National Economic Research Associates4 , President Trump stated that the …

The Challenge Of Convincing Ethical Prosecutors That Their Profession Has A Brady Problem, Adam M. Gershowitz

Faculty Publications

In recent decades, both the media and legal scholars have documented the widespread problem of prosecutors failing to disclose favorable evidence to the defense – so called Brady violations. Despite all of this documentation however, many ethical prosecutors reject the notion that the criminal justice system has a Brady problem. These prosecutors – ethical lawyers who themselves have not been accused of misconduct – believe that the scope of the Brady problem is exaggerated. Why do ethical prosecutors downplay the evidence that some of their colleagues have committed serious errors?

This essay, in honor of Professor Bennett Gershman, points to …

Civil Justice Initiative: Evaluation Of The Civil Justice Initiative Pilot Project (Cjipp), Lydia Hamblin, Paula Hannaford-Agor

Faculty Publications

Previous reform efforts have not fully addressed the underlying issues facing civil litigation. In response, the Civil Justice Improvements (CJI) Committee produced thirteen recommendations to do just that. To test the effectiveness of these recommendations, demonstration pilot projects were funded by the State Justice Institute to empirically test their effects on civil case processing and litigation.

In 2016 the Circuit Civil Division of the 11th Judicial Circuit Court of Florida, Miami-Dade County, implemented one of the first demonstration projects: the CJI Pilot Project (CJIPP). The focus of the evaluation would be on Recommendation 7, which describes the civil case management …

Rsk2-Mediated Elk3 Activation Enhances Cell Transformation And Breast Cancer Cell Growth By Regulation Of C-Fos Promoter Activity, Sun-Mi Yoo, Cheol-Jung Lee, Hyun-Jung An, Joo Young Lee, Hye Suk Lee, Han Chang Kang, Sung-Jun Cho, Seung-Min Kim, Juhee Park, Dae Joon Kim, Yong-Yeon Cho

School of Medicine Publications

Ribosomal S6 kinase 2 (RSK2), regulated by Ras/Raf/MEKs/ERKs, transmits upstream activation signals to downstream substrates including kinases and transcription and epigenetic factors. We observed that ELK members, including ELK1, 3, and 4, highly interacted with RSK2. We further observed that the RSK2-ELK3 interaction was mediated by N-terminal kinase and linker domains of RSK2, and the D and C domains of ELK3, resulting in the phosphorylation of ELK3. Importantly, RSK2-mediated ELK3 enhanced c-fos promoter activity. Notably, chemical inhibition of RSK2 signaling using kaempferol (a RSK2 inhibitor) or U0126 (a selective MEK inhibitor) suppressed EGF-induced c-fos promoter activity. Moreover, functional deletion of …

A Qtl On Chromosome 3q23 Influences Processing Speed In Humans, Emma E. M. Knowles, Samuel R. Mathias, Josephine Mollon, Amanda Rodrigue, Marinka M. G. Koenis, Thomas D. Dyer, Harald H. H. Goring, Joanne E. Curran, Rene L. Olvera, Ravindranath Duggirala, Laura Almasy, John Blangero, David C. Glahn

School of Medicine Publications

Processing speed is a psychological construct that refers to the speed with which an individual can perform any cognitive operation. Processing speed correlates strongly with general cognitive ability, declines sharply with age, and is impaired across a number of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Thus, identifying genes that influence processing speed will likely improve understanding of the genetics of intelligence, biological aging, and the etiologies of numerous disorders. Previous genetics studies of processing speed have relied on simple phenotypes (e.g., mean reaction time) derived from single tasks. This strategy assumes, erroneously, that processing speed is a unitary construct. In the present …

Mandatory Multilateralism, Evan J. Criddle, Evan Fox-Decent

Faculty Publications

This Article challenges the conventional wisdom that states are always free to choose whether to participate in multilateral regimes. International law often mandates multilateralism to ensure that state laws and practices are compatible with sovereign equality and joint stewardship. The Article maps mandatory multilateralism's domain, defines its requirements, and examines its application to three controversies: the South China Sea dispute, the United States' withdrawal from the 2015 Paris Agreement, and Bolivia's case against Chile in the International Court of Justice.