Digital Commons Network^™

Jose Solano-Chamba V. Attorney General United States

2019 Decisions

Agency

E. D. V. Usa

2019 Decisions

USDC for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania

Aaron Henry V. Warden James T Vaughn Corr

2019 Decisions

USDC for the District of Delaware

Edwardsiella Tarda Infection Triggering Acute Relapse In Pediatric Crohn’S Disease, A K Li, M Barton, J A Delport, D Ashok

Paediatrics Publications

Crohn's disease exacerbations can often be associated with bacterial infections causing gastroenteritis. We report a child who experienced exacerbation of his Crohn's disease associated with a positive stool culture for

Pain Management Practices Surrounding Lumbar Punctures In Children: A Survey Of Canadian Emergency Physicians., Naveen Poonai, Victoria Brzozowski, Antonia S Stang, Amy L Drendel, Philippe Boisclair, Michael Miller, Stuart Harman, Samina Ali

Paediatrics Publications

OBJECTIVES:
Lumbar punctures (LPs) are painful for children, and analgesia is recommended by academic societies. However, less than one-third of pediatric emergency physicians (EPs) adhere to recommendations. We assessed the willingness to provide analgesia among pediatric and general EPs and explored patient and provider-specific barriers.

METHODS:
We surveyed physicians in the Pediatric Emergency Research Canada (PERC) or Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP) databases from May 1 to August 1, 2016, regarding hypothetical scenarios for a 3-week-old infant, a 3-year-old child, and a 16-year-old child requiring an LP. The primary outcome was the willingness to provide analgesia. Secondary outcomes included …

Bhlha15-Positive Secretory Precursor Cells Can Give Rise To Tumors In Intestine And Colon In Mice, Yoku Hayakawa, Mayo Tsuboi, Samuel Asfaha, Hiroto Kinoshita, Ryota Niikura, Mitsuru Konishi, Masahiro Hata, Yukiko Oya, Woosook Kim, Moritz Middelhoff, Yohko Hikiba, Naoko Higashijima, Sozaburo Ihara, Tetsuo Ushiku, Masashi Fukayama, Yagnesh Tailor, Yoshihiro Hirata, Chandan Guha, Kelley S. Yan, Kazuhiko Koike, Timothy C. Wang

Paediatrics Publications

Background & Aims: The intestinal epithelium is maintained by long-lived intestinal stem cells (ISCs) that reside near the crypt base. Above the ISC zone, there are short-lived progenitors that normally give rise to lineage-specific differentiated cell types but can dedifferentiate into ISCs in certain circumstances. However, the role of epithelial dedifferentiation in cancer development has not been fully elucidated. Methods: We performed studies with Bhlha15-CreERT, Lgr5-DTR-GFP, Apc flox/flox , LSL-Notch (IC), and R26-reporter strains of mice. Some mice were given diphtheria toxin to ablate Lgr5-positive cells, were irradiated, or were given 5-fluorouracil, hydroxyurea, doxorubicin, or dextran sodium sulfate to induce …

Using Gis And Mapping Tools To Access And Visualize Archival Records: Case Studies And Survey Results Of North American Archivists And Historians, Tom Belton

Western Libraries Publications

Online map interfaces and GIS software are means of accessing and visualizing archival holdings associated strongly with places. This article investigates the possibility of an interest among at least some archivists and historians in finding records based on place names and maps. A review of recent tools and case studies on map-based methods of seeking and visualizing information in archives and special collections provides a current overview. A 2015 survey gathered additional information from archivists as to whether they place a high priority on, and are comfortable with, map-based methods, as well as to what extent their patron groups might …

Cognition And The Brain Of Brood Parasitic Cowbirds., David F Sherry, Mélanie F Guigueno

Psychology Publications

Cowbirds are brood parasites. Females lay their eggs in the nests of other species, which then incubate the cowbird eggs and raise the young cowbirds. Finding and returning to heterospecific nests presents cowbirds with several cognitive challenges. In some species, such as brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater), females but not males search for and remember the locations of potential host nests. We describe recent research on sex differences in cognition and the hippocampus associated with this sex difference in search for host nests. Female brown-headed cowbirds perform better than males on some, but not all, tests of spatial memory and females …

Crf Mediates Stress-Induced Pathophysiological High-Frequency Oscillations In Traumatic Brain Injury, Chakravarthi Narla, Paul S. Jung, Francisco Bautista Cruz, Michelle Everest, Julio Martinez-Trujillo, Michael O. Poulter

Physiology and Pharmacology Publications

Copyright © 2019 Narla et al. It is not known why there is increased risk to have seizures with increased anxiety and stress after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Stressors cause the release of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) both from the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis and from CNS neurons located in the central amygdala and GABAergic interneurons. We have previously shown that CRF signaling is plastic, becoming excitatory instead of inhibitory after the kindling model of epilepsy. Here, using Sprague Dawley rats we have found that CRF signaling increased excitability after TBI. Following TBI, CRF type 1 receptor (CRFR1)-mediated activity caused …

Burkholderia Multivorans Septicemia In A Pediatric Liver Transplant Patient, Shaun S.C. Ho, Nancy Nashid, Valerie J. Waters, John J. Lipuma, James E.A. Zlosnik, Anthony Otley, Gino R. Somers, Binita M. Kamath

Paediatrics Publications

“Cepacia syndrome”, caused by Burkholderia cepacia complex and often associated with cystic fibrosis, carries a high mortality rate. It is rare for Burkholderia multivorans, a species within the B. cepacia complex, to cause cepacia syndrome even among patients with cystic fibrosis. This is the first reported fatal case of cepacia syndrome caused by B. multivorans occurring in a pediatric liver transplant recipient who does not have cystic fibrosis. We describe the unique characteristics of this pathogen among the non–cystic fibrosis population and the importance of early recognition and treatment.

Health Benefits Of Supplementing Nursery Pig Diets With Microalgae Or Fish Oil, Alison V. Lee, Lan You, Se Young Oh, Ziwei Li, Alexandra Code, Cuilan Zhu, Rebecca E. Fisher-Heffernan, Timothy R.H. Regnault, Cornelis F.M.De Lange, Lee Anne Huber, Niel A. Karrow

Paediatrics Publications

Weaning stress can negatively impact a pig’s performance; dietary supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) reduces inflammatory stress and promotes nursery pig’s health and growth. Fish oil (FO) is a major source of n-3 PUFA; however, microalgae (AL) may provide an alternative source of n-3 PUFA. The aim of this study was to assess the health benefits of supplementing a plant protein-based nursery diet with 3.12% AL or 1.25% FO providing equal total n-3 PUFA compared to a control (CON) diet. Seventy-two pigs were fed experimental diets for three weeks (phases 1 and 2), followed by a common …

Offspring Of Mice Exposed To A Low-Protein Diet In Utero Demonstrate Changes In Mtor Signaling In Pancreatic Islets Of Langerhans, Associated With Altered Glucagon And Insulin Expression And A Lower Β-Cell Mass, Renee King, Jessica L. Hill, Bibek Saha, Yuzhen Tong, Brenda J. Strutt, Mark A. Russell, Noel G. Morgan, Sarah J. Richardson

Paediatrics Publications

Low birth weight is a risk factor for gestational and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Since mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) controls pancreatic β-cell mass and hormone release, we hypothesized that nutritional insult in utero might permanently alter mTOR signaling. Mice were fed a low-protein (LP, 8%) or control (C, 20%) diet throughout pregnancy, and offspring examined until 130 days age. Mice receiving LP were born 12% smaller and β-cell mass was significantly reduced throughout life. Islet mTOR levels were lower in LP-exposed mice and localized predominantly to α-rather than β-cells. Incubation of isolated mouse islets with rapamycin significantly reduced cell …

Process Evaluation Of A Treatment Program For Mood And Anxiety Disorders Among Emerging Adults: Preentry Factors, Engagement, And Outcomes, Elizabeth Osuch, Evelyn Vingilis, Carolyn Summerhurst, Jazzmin Demy, Michael Wammes, Justin Arcaro

Paediatrics Publications

Objective: Effective mental health services for emerging adults are needed. This work evaluated the logic model of one such program and assessed participation and medium-term outcomes. Methods: Baseline data were collected from 398 emerging adults attending an intake appointment at a mood and anxiety disorders treatment program in Canada for persons ages 16-25. Questionnaires about demographic characteristics, prior help seeking, symptoms, functional impairment, and health satisfaction were completed at baseline and at follow-up, approximately 2 to 10 months later (mean=6 months), depending on participants' availability and willingness. Program satisfaction was also assessed. Preentry characteristics and disengagement were evaluated. Repeated-measures analyses …

The Relationship Between Motor Vehicle Collisions And Cigarette Smoking In Ontario: Analysis Of Camh Survey Data From 2002 To 2016, Linda L. Pederson, John Koval, Evelyn Vingilis, Jane Seeley, Anca R. Ialomiteanu, Christine M. Wickens, Roberta Ferrence, Robert E. Mann

Paediatrics Publications

Research has shown that tobacco users have an increased risk of collisions compared to nonsmokers. Studies from 1967 through 2013 documented a crude relative risk of collision involvement of about 1.5 among smokers compared to nonsmokers. In January 2009, in response to concerns about the health risks associated with potentially high concentrations of secondhand smoke resulting from smoking in vehicles, the provincial government in Ontario, Canada, introduced legislation restricting smoking in vehicles where children and adolescents are present. We examined the association between reported smoking and involvement in a motor vehicle collision in a large representative sample of adult drivers …

‘That's For Old So And So's!’: Does Identity Influence Older Adults’ Technology Adoption Decisions?, Colleen E. Mcgrath

Occupational Therapy Publications

The role of identity in older adults’ decision-making about assistive technology adoption has been suggested but not fully explored. This scoping review was conducted to understand better how older adults’ self-image and their desire to maintain this influence their decision-making processes regarding assistive technology adoption. Using the five-stage scoping review framework by Arksey and O'Malley, a total of 416 search combinations were run across nine databases, resulting in a final yield of 49 articles. From these 49 articles, five themes emerged: (a) resisting the negative reality of an ageing and/or disabled identity; (b) independence and control are key; (c) the …

Initiating Participatory Action Research With Older Adults: Lessons Learned Through Reflexivity*, Colleen E. Mcgrath

Occupational Therapy Publications

Participatory action research (PAR) is well suited to research that aims to address social exclusion and inclusion in older age. Illustrations of and reflections on PAR with older adults are scarce, particularly the initiation stage, which sets the stage for the cyclical participatory action that follows. In this article, we describe the initiation of a PAR project with older adults and reflect on the alignment of this process with key participatory principles and fit within typical research structures. Findings point to the tensions between developing relationships over time and time-sensitive calls for funding, how traditional conceptions of research can influence …

Examining The Social And Built Environment Factors Influencing Children’S Independent Use Of Their Neighborhoods And The Experience Of Local Settings As Child-Friendly, Janet Loebach, Jason A. Gilliland

Human Environments Analysis Lab (HEAL)

Neighborhoods have traditionally served as important settings for children’s independent activities, but use has declined dramatically. Global positioning system (GPS) monitors, activity diaries, annotated maps, and Google Earth–enabled interviews captured the neighborhood perceptions, usage, and independent activity ranges of twenty-three children (nine to twelve years) from London, Canada. While few participants used neighborhood settings on a habitual basis, local parks and homes of nearby friends were important independent destinations. Usage was strongly influenced by positive and negative social conditions, but local environments did not generally cater well to the shifting interests of resident children. Embedding child-friendly affordances through neighborhood planning …

Producto Del Lenguaje: Las Palabras Del Inglés Que Hicieron De García Márquez Un Fenómeno Global, Juan Luis Suárez

CulturePlex Lab DataPoints

No abstract provided.

The Power Of Language: The English Words That Made Gabriel García Márquez A Global Phenomenon, Juan Luis Suárez

CulturePlex Lab DataPoints

No abstract provided.

Loss Of Ion Homeostasis Is Not The Cause Of Chill Coma Or Impaired Dispersal In False Codling Moth Thaumatotibia Leucotreta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Minette Karsten, Jacqueline E. Lebenzon, Brent J. Sinclair, John S. Terblanche

Biology Publications

Dispersal is a central requirement of a successful sterile insect release programme, but field-released false codling moth (FCM) typically suffer from poor dispersal ability, especially at low ambient temperatures. Here we test the hypothesis that poor activity and dispersal in FCM is caused by delayed or perturbed recovery of ion and/or water homeostasis after chilling for handling and transport prior to field release. Hemolymph and flight muscle were collected from two treatment groups at three time points that targeted thermal conditions above and below the chill coma induction threshold of ~ 6 °C: 1) control moths kept at 25 °C, …

How Crickets Become Freeze Tolerant: The Transcriptomic Underpinnings Of Acclimation In Gryllus Veletis, Jantina Toxopeus, Lauren E. Des Marteaux, Brent J. Sinclair

Biology Publications

Some ectotherms can survive internal ice formation. In temperate regions, freeze tolerance is often induced by decreasing temperature and/or photoperiod during autumn. However, we have limited understanding of how seasonal changes in physiology contribute to freeze tolerance, and how these changes are regulated. During a six week autumn-like acclimation, late-instar juveniles of the spring field cricket Gryllus veletis (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) become freeze tolerant, which is correlated with accumulation of low molecular weight cryoprotectants, elevation of the temperature at which freezing begins, and metabolic rate suppression. We used RNA-Seq to assemble a de novo transcriptome of this emerging laboratory model for …

Anatomic Posterolateral Corner Reconstruction Using Single Graft Plus Adjustable-Loop Suspensory Fixation Device, Ryan Wood, James Robinson, Alan Getgood

Bone and Joint Institute

© 2018 Arthroscopy Association of North America The original description of the LaPrade technique for anatomic posterolateral corner reconstruction addresses the 3 main stabilizing structures: the fibular collateral ligament, the popliteus, and the popliteofibular ligament. The use of two separate grafts (originally described with a tendo-Achilles allograft) may restrict the utility of the technique when sources of allograft may be limited and autografts must be used, particularly in the context of multiligament reconstruction. We present a modification of the technique, in which an adjustable cortical button is used for tibial fixation, which allows for the use of a single graft …

Closed Limb Fractures With Compromised Vascularization: A Narrative Review, Christopher Vannabouathong, Emil Schemitsch, Bradley Petrisor, Mohit Bhandari

Bone and Joint Institute

© The Author(s) 2019. Vascular compromised fractures typically result in a high rate of healing complications, such as avascular necrosis, nonunion, delayed union, and arthritis, which severely affect a patient’s function and quality of life. The purpose of this review was to identify and describe the epidemiology and available treatment options for the most well-known vascular compromised closed fractures. The injuries discussed in detail in this review were scaphoid, lunate, femoral neck, and talar fractures. Current evidence suggests that optimal treatment for vascular compromised fractures is dependent on the degree of fracture displacement and comminution, and the patient’s post-injury functional …

Examination Of Psychological Risk Factors For Chronic Pain Following Cardiac Surgery: Protocol For A Prospective Observational Study, Michael H. Mcgillion, Shaunattonie Henry, Jason W. Busse, Carley Ouellette, Joel Katz, Manon Choinière, Andre Lamy, Richard Whitlock, Shirley Pettit, Jacqueline Hare, Krysten Gregus, Katheryn Brady, Nazari Dvirnik, Stephen Su Yang, Joel Parlow, Deborah Dumerton-Shore, Ian Gilron, D. Norman Buckley, Harsha Shanthanna, Sandra L. Carroll, Peter C. Coyte, Shanil Ebrahim, Wanrudee Isaranuwatchai, Denise N. Guerriere, Jeffrey Hoch, James Khan, Joy Macdermid, Geraldine Martorella, J. Charles Victor, Judy Watt-Watson, Kimberly Howard-Quijano, Aman Mahajan, Matthew T.V. Chan

Bone and Joint Institute

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. INTRODUCTION: Approximately 400 000 Americans and 36 000 Canadians undergo cardiac surgery annually, and up to 56% will develop chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP). The primary aim of this study is to explore the association of pain-related beliefs and gender-based pain expectations on the development of CPSP. Secondary goals are to: (A) explore risk factors for poor functional status and patient-level cost of illness from a societal perspective up to 12 months following cardiac surgery; and (B) determine the impact …

The Material-Weight Illusion Disappears Or Inverts In Objects Made Of Two Materials, Vivian C. Paulun, Gavin Buckingham, Melvyn A. Goodale, Roland W. Fleming

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

© the American Physiological Society. The material-weight illusion disappears or inverts in objects made of two materials. J Neurophysiol 121: 996 –1010, 2019. First published January 23, 2019; doi:10.1152/jn.00199.2018.—The material-weight illusion (MWI) occurs when an object that looks heavy (e.g., stone) and one that looks light (e.g., Styrofoam) have the same mass. When such stimuli are lifted, the heavier-looking object feels lighter than the lighter-looking object, presumably because well-learned priors about the density of different materials are violated. We examined whether a similar illusion occurs when a certain weight distribution is expected (such as the metal end of a hammer …

The Gradient Of The Reinforcement Landscape Influences Sensorimotor Learning, Joshua G.A. Cashaback, Christopher K. Lao, Dimitrios J. Palidis, Susan K. Coltman, Heather R. Mcgregor, Paul L. Gribble

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

© 2019 Cashaback et al. Consideration of previous successes and failures is essential to mastering a motor skill. Much of what we know about how humans and animals learn from such reinforcement feedback comes from experiments that involve sampling from a small number of discrete actions. Yet, it is less understood how we learn through reinforcement feedback when sampling from a continuous set of possible actions. Navigating a continuous set of possible actions likely requires using gradient information to maximize success. Here we addressed how humans adapt the aim of their hand when experiencing reinforcement feedback that was associated with …

Reliability And Generalizability Of Similarity-Based Fusion Of Meg And Fmri Data In Human Ventral And Dorsal Visual Streams, Yalda Mohsenzadeh, Caitlin Mullin, Benjamin Lahner, Radoslaw Martin Cichy, Aude Oliva

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

To build a representation of what we see, the human brain recruits regions throughout the visual cortex in cascading sequence. Recently, an approach was proposed to evaluate the dynamics of visual perception in high spatiotemporal resolution at the scale of the whole brain. This method combined functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data with magnetoencephalography (MEG) data using representational similarity analysis and revealed a hierarchical progression from primary visual cortex through the dorsal and ventral streams. To assess the replicability of this method, we here present the results of a visual recognition neuro-imaging fusion experiment and compare them within and across …

Optoelectronic, Aggregation, And Redox Properties Of Double-Rotor Boron Difluoride Hydrazone Dyes, Daniela Cappello, Denis A.B. Therien, Viktor N. Staroverov, Francois Lagugne-Labarthet, Joe Gilroy

Chemistry Publications

We develop the chemistry of boron difluoride hydrazone dyes (BODIHYs) bearing two aryl substituents and explore their properties. The low-energy absorption bands (λ_max = 427–464 nm) of these dyes depend on the nature of the N-aryl groups appended to the BODIHY framework. Electron-donating and extended p-conjugated groups cause a red shift, whereas electron-withdrawing groups result in a blue shift. The title compounds were weakly photoluminescent in solution and strongly photoluminescent as thin films (λ_PL = 525–578 nm) with quantum yields of up to 18% and lifetimes of 1.1–1.7 ns, consistent with the dominant radiative decay through fluorescence. …

Nutrition And Risk Of Stroke, J. David Spence

Department of Medicine Publications

Nutrition is far more important in stroke risk than most physcians suppose. Healthy lifestyle choices reduce the risk of stroke by ~80%, and of the factors that increase the risk of stroke, the worst is diet: only ~0.1% of Americans consume a healthy diet, and only 8.3% consume a somewhat healthy diet. The situation is probably not much better in most other countries. A Cretan Mediterranean diet, high in olive oil, whole grains, fruits, vegetables and legumes, and low in cholesterol and saturated fat, can reduce stroke by 40% or more in high-risk patients. The role of the intestinal microbiome …

Antiplatelet Therapy In Ischemic Stroke And Transient Ischemic Attack: An Overview Of Major Trials And Meta-Analyses, Daniel G. Hackam, J. David Spence

Department of Medicine Publications

No abstract provided.