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Pab-Pif: A Hybrid Architecture To Evaluate Mutable And Immutable Blockchains In Iot–Fog Networks, Marco Scarpa, Mohammad Sadeghzadeh, Saeed Javanmardi, Bahareh Pahlevanzadeh, Mauro Iacono Jan 2026

Pab-Pif: A Hybrid Architecture To Evaluate Mutable And Immutable Blockchains In Iot–Fog Networks, Marco Scarpa, Mohammad Sadeghzadeh, Saeed Javanmardi, Bahareh Pahlevanzadeh, Mauro Iacono

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Blockchain provides secure and decentralized data storage. Normal blockchains permanently store data. Mutable blockchains allow users to change data, but this reduces tamper resistance. This paper tests both methods in PaB-PIF, a hybrid architecture for IoT-Fog networks. Our design uses an immutable mainchain in the cloud layer and mutable sidechains in the fog layer. We analyze throughput, latency, and tamper resistance using math models and simulations. Results show that blockchain greatly improves network security. Without blockchain, the network has zero tamper resistance. The mutable blockchain in the fog layer has a tamper resistance of 0.58. The immutable blockchain in the …

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Optimizing Ucs Prediction Models Through Xai-Based Feature Selection In Soil Stabilization, Ahmed Mohammed Awad Mohammed, Omayma Husain, Mosab Hamdan, Abdalmomen Mohammed, Abdullah Ansari, Atef Badr, Abubakar Elsafi, Abubakr Siddig Jan 2026

Optimizing Ucs Prediction Models Through Xai-Based Feature Selection In Soil Stabilization, Ahmed Mohammed Awad Mohammed, Omayma Husain, Mosab Hamdan, Abdalmomen Mohammed, Abdullah Ansari, Atef Badr, Abubakar Elsafi, Abubakr Siddig

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) is a key parameter for the assessment of the stability and performance of stabilized soils, yet traditional laboratory testing is both time and resource intensive. In this study, an interpretable machine learning approach to UCS prediction is presented, pairing five models (Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting (GB), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), CatBoost, and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN)) with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) for enhanced interpretability and to guide feature removal. A complete dataset of 12 geotechnical and chemical parameters, i.e., Atterberg limits, compaction properties, stabilizer chemistry, dosage, curing time, was used to train and test the models. …

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Educating The Next Generation Of Engineers: Spatial Thinking Is Key To Their Success, Sheryl Sorby, Gavin Duffy, Jack Parkinson, Gibin Raju, John Lynch, Muhammad Asghar Jan 2026

Educating The Next Generation Of Engineers: Spatial Thinking Is Key To Their Success, Sheryl Sorby, Gavin Duffy, Jack Parkinson, Gibin Raju, John Lynch, Muhammad Asghar

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

This paper attempts to answer questions regarding the link between engineering success and spatial skills through three themes. The previous research of the authors in examining the questions surrounding each theme is the focus of this paper; we acknowledge that others around the world may have conducted similar research, but the specific findings of the authors are the main focus of this paper. In the first theme, we examine data from several author-led studies where positive correlations have been found between spatial skill levels and proficiency in tasks that are a part of what it means to be an engineer. …

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Gender Differences In Mental Rotation And Visualisation Across Adolescence: Large Scale Evidence From The United States, Ireland, And Austria With Single-Paper Meta-Analyses, Jeffrey Buckley, Sheryl Sorby, Gavin Duffy, Günter Maresch, Jason Power Jan 2026

Gender Differences In Mental Rotation And Visualisation Across Adolescence: Large Scale Evidence From The United States, Ireland, And Austria With Single-Paper Meta-Analyses, Jeffrey Buckley, Sheryl Sorby, Gavin Duffy, Günter Maresch, Jason Power

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Spatial ability has been identified as an essential cognitive ability for educational performance broadly in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. Further, children with higher levels of this ability are more likely to choose STEM educational pathways. It is theorised that a benefit of spatial ability lies in affording young people further capacity to think and reason effectively in diverse problem-solving contexts, which translates into desirable educational outcomes. However, substantial evidence has identified a gender gap favouring boys particularly in the mental rotation spatial factor, and there is less evidence for any similar gender gaps for other spatial factors, …

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Optimization Of Probiotic Beverage Made From Sohiong Fruit Using Response Surface Methodology And Artificial Neural Network–Genetic Algorithm Hybrid Model, Roshiya Nongmaithem, Raju Sasikumar, Irengbam Barun Mangang, T. Selva Kumar, Kambhampati Vivek, Amit K. Jaiswal Jan 2026

Optimization Of Probiotic Beverage Made From Sohiong Fruit Using Response Surface Methodology And Artificial Neural Network–Genetic Algorithm Hybrid Model, Roshiya Nongmaithem, Raju Sasikumar, Irengbam Barun Mangang, T. Selva Kumar, Kambhampati Vivek, Amit K. Jaiswal

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

In this study, a probiotic beverage from Sohiong (Prunus nepalensis), an underutilized wild edible fruit rich in phenolics and anthocyanins, was optimized using both Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and an Artificial Neural Network–Genetic Algorithm (ANN–GA) hybrid model. Plackett–Burman screening identified temperature, strain, and inoculum size as significant variables influencing antioxidant response. Subsequent optimization using a Box–Behnken design yielded maximum DPPH scavenging activity of 71.55%, with enhanced total phenolic content (TPC) of 160.00 mg GAE per g, total anthocyanin content (TAC) of 227.85 mg C3GE per 100 mL, and total flavonoid content (TFC) of 183.96 mg QE per 100 mL. The …

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Modeling The Proton Irradiation Resilience Of Perovskite Solar Cells, Ming Lang Tseng, Emad A.A. Ismail, Nima Ghadiri, Fuad A. Awwad Jan 2026

Modeling The Proton Irradiation Resilience Of Perovskite Solar Cells, Ming Lang Tseng, Emad A.A. Ismail, Nima Ghadiri, Fuad A. Awwad

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

This study introduces a semiclassical modeling for the impact of proton irradiation on two perovskite solar cell structures: FA0.7Cs0.3Pb(I0.9Br0.1)3/C60 and Cs0.01MA0.01FA0.98PbI3/P3HT using coupled current-continuity and rate equations linked to irradiation-induced defect-generation rate. Results reveal a strong dependence of radiation response on perovskite composition. Proton irradiation can induce both ionizing and displacement damage in perovskite solar cells leading to vacancy and defect generation. The result is increased recombination and degradation of performance parameters (reduced fill factor and efficiency) or, otherwise, annihilation of …

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Study Investigating The Thermal Behavior Of An Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet On Conductive And Nonconductive Mesh Surfaces, James Lalor, Tristan Orlic, Vladimir Milosavljevic Jan 2026

Study Investigating The Thermal Behavior Of An Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet On Conductive And Nonconductive Mesh Surfaces, James Lalor, Tristan Orlic, Vladimir Milosavljevic

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

This study investigates the thermal behavior of conductive and nonconductive mesh substrates during exposure to a custom built atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ). The jet operates using a coaxial dielectric barrier discharge configuration with a novel gas diffusing dielectric core. It is powered by a high frequency AC source operating at 21 kHz with a 33% duty cycle. The surface temperature was recorded in real time using a calibrated FLIR i7 infrared camera, a method increasingly used in plasma thermal studies for its noninvasive mapping of heat transfer. The following three parameters were varied: working gas (argon or helium), jet …

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Utilising Dairy And Whisky Manufacture By-Products For Microalgal Lipids Production, Bozena Mccarthy, Nissreen Abu-Ghannam, Graham O'Neill Jan 2026

Utilising Dairy And Whisky Manufacture By-Products For Microalgal Lipids Production, Bozena Mccarthy, Nissreen Abu-Ghannam, Graham O'Neill

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Microalgae are increasingly recognised as a renewable and sustainable source of both unsaturated and saturated fatty acids (SFAs), offering a viable alternative to traditional animal fats and plant oils. By-products of food production, such as whey from cheese production andDSG obtained from whiskey production, were found to be nutrient-dense streams and have potential for valorisation. Both whey and DSG were found to contain varied concentrations of nutrients, especially nitrate, phosphate and sugars and were shown to support microalgal growth and production of various fatty acids. C. vulgaris achieved 4.27 ± 0.31 g/L biomass when grown in whey. It also outperformed …

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Sustainable Development And Faith, Tony Kealy Jan 2026

Sustainable Development And Faith, Tony Kealy

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

The contribution of faith-based input to the broader idea of sustainable development has not been widely acknowledged in the traditional sense; however, recent global events suggest it may warrant further exploration. This qualitative study examines how faith-based activities, such as missionary work, have historically and can continue to contribute significantly to the environmental, economic, and human/social aspects of organizational decision-making. The focus is on the Catholic faith, specifically the role played by the Irish-based Medical Missionaries of Mary religious congregation in the mid-to-late twentieth century. An initial literature review was conducted to gather information from various sources to define sustainable …

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Ai For Prognosis Among People Living With Hiv: Protocol For A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Degninou Yehadji, Markus Hofmann, Petros Isaakidis, Smaila Alidou, Olushina Ayo Junior Ale, Kofivi Mawouko Yena, Kodjo Guidigan, Geraldine Gray, Nadjime Pindra, Gayo Diallo Jan 2026

Ai For Prognosis Among People Living With Hiv: Protocol For A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Degninou Yehadji, Markus Hofmann, Petros Isaakidis, Smaila Alidou, Olushina Ayo Junior Ale, Kofivi Mawouko Yena, Kodjo Guidigan, Geraldine Gray, Nadjime Pindra, Gayo Diallo

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Background: Advanced HIV disease remains a major global health concern, with nearly 40.8 million people living with HIV as of 2024. Antiretroviral therapy has improved outcomes, but its success depends on timely intervention, adherence, and retention in care. AI, including machine learning and deep learning, offers promising tools for prognostic modeling that could support clinical decision-making and personalized treatment. Existing syntheses, however, have been largely narrative and have not systematically evaluated the performance, risk of bias, reporting quality, or clinical readiness of AI-based prognostic models, leaving a critical gap in understanding their validity and applicability. Objective: This study aims to …

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Diffusion-Enhanced Nat-Bart Vision Language Transformer For Unified Urdu Word Recognition, Wahid Hussain, Shahbaz Hassan, Isma Ul Hassan, Ahmad Raza Shahid, Asif Naeem, Muhammad Usman Yaseen, Nouman Ashraf Jan 2026

Diffusion-Enhanced Nat-Bart Vision Language Transformer For Unified Urdu Word Recognition, Wahid Hussain, Shahbaz Hassan, Isma Ul Hassan, Ahmad Raza Shahid, Asif Naeem, Muhammad Usman Yaseen, Nouman Ashraf

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Handwritten Urdu text recognition remains a very challenging problem due to the cursive and complex nature of the Nastaliq script. Each writer has a unique style, and there is a severe lack of large, well-labeled datasets. These challenges make Urdu text recognition much harder than for many other languages. Here we propose a novel and effective approach for handwritten Urdu word recognition that addresses both data scarcity and feature complexity. We utilized conditional diffusion models to generate synthetic handwritten Urdu word images. These models produce realistic word samples covering a wide range of variations, such as stroke thickness, curves, and …

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Segmentation Of Household Behavioural Types Associated With Food Waste Generation In The Republic Of Ireland, Courage Y. Krah, Paul Hynds, Anushree Priyadarshini Jan 2026

Segmentation Of Household Behavioural Types Associated With Food Waste Generation In The Republic Of Ireland, Courage Y. Krah, Paul Hynds, Anushree Priyadarshini

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Despite the growing number of interventions aimed at reducing household food waste (HFW), many remain overly generalised and fail to adequately account for the heterogeneous routines, motivations, and disposal contexts that shape waste generation. This study, therefore, aimed to identify behavioural types in the Republic of Ireland (ROI) based on HFW habits to inform more targeted and effective reduction strategies. Using survey data from 966 households, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering were applied to identify co-disposal patterns of food groups and to segment households into behaviour clusters. The PCA identified four co-disposal patterns, while clustering yielded four household …

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Post: Pruning Oriented Security For Inversion Attack In Edge-Based Internet Of Things, Sunder Ali Khowaja, Abi Waqas, Mohammad Tabrez Quasim, Kapal Dev Jan 2026

Post: Pruning Oriented Security For Inversion Attack In Edge-Based Internet Of Things, Sunder Ali Khowaja, Abi Waqas, Mohammad Tabrez Quasim, Kapal Dev

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

With the recent emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), edge users in industries and manufacturing have been extensively using AI-based services, which pose privacy and security risks to data. Distributed learning approaches deployed in the manufacturing industries help reduce data risks. However, traditional approaches cannot handle deep models as well as the scalability of edge-based internet of things (E-IoT) devices, especially in the manufacturing sector. Studies have proposed SplitFed learning (SFL) by combining split learning and the federated learning paradigm, but they fail to achieve an optimal trade-off between communication and computational limitations and are vulnerable to inversion attacks. We present …

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Exploration Of Best Practice Of Market Surveillance And Type Approval Of Internal Combustion Engines Emissions For Non-Road Mobile Machinery (Examine_Nrmm), Rita Hagan, Eoin Mcgillicuddy, Aoife Donnelly Jan 2026

Exploration Of Best Practice Of Market Surveillance And Type Approval Of Internal Combustion Engines Emissions For Non-Road Mobile Machinery (Examine_Nrmm), Rita Hagan, Eoin Mcgillicuddy, Aoife Donnelly

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

This study examines market surveillance methods for engines in non-road mobile machinery (NRMM) in selected European Union (EU) Member States and the UK, to inform the development of an Irish NRMM market surveillance process in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2016/1628. The research found NRMM market surveillance approaches vary across Europe, with no uniform market surveillance strategy in place. Some countries, including Ireland, are currently developing an approach, while other countries have no set process in place. In countries, with an existing strategy, the process can be proactive, reactive or a combination of both.Findings highlight opportunities for Ireland to design a …

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Audio Has No Pulse: Detecting Lip-Sync Deepfakes Via Broken Physio-Acoustic Coupling, Sardor Mamarasulov, Asif Khan, Narzullo Khodjamov, Aktam Kholov, Oybek Ruziev, Nargiza Nuralieva Jan 2026

Audio Has No Pulse: Detecting Lip-Sync Deepfakes Via Broken Physio-Acoustic Coupling, Sardor Mamarasulov, Asif Khan, Narzullo Khodjamov, Aktam Kholov, Oybek Ruziev, Nargiza Nuralieva

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Lip-sync deepfakes preserve a victim’s visual identity while replacing their spoken content, combining high credibility with low generation cost. Two developments have destabilised their detection: audio–visual feature-inconsistency detectors reach high accuracy on curated benchmarks but degrade under realistic transmission and language shifts, and lip-sync generators now inherit a physiologically valid pulse from their driving video, defeating unimodal remote-photoplethysmography (rPPG) detectors that inspect only the marginal cardiac signal. We argue that physiological deepfake detection is not obsolete after this inherited-heartbeat result but must be reformulated. Real speech is produced by a coupled respiratory–cardiac–vocal system; a re-synced deepfake pairs a pulse drawn …

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Silver(I) And Copper(Ii) Complexes Of 1,10-Phenanthroline-5,6-Dione Inhibit Sporothrix Brasiliensis Azole-Resistant Clinical Isolates, Laís Cavalcanti Dos Santos Velasco De Souza, Nathália Faria Reis, Lucas Martins Alcântara, Simone Cristina Pereira Brito, Pamella Macedo De Souza, Zaida Maria Faria De Freitas, Ingrid De Souza Sousa, José Rodrigo Santos Silva, Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado, Héctor Manuel Mora-Montes, Lucimar Ferreira Kneipp, Malachy Mccann, Michael Devereux, André Luis Souza Dos Santos, Andréa Regina De Souza Baptista Jan 2026

Silver(I) And Copper(Ii) Complexes Of 1,10-Phenanthroline-5,6-Dione Inhibit Sporothrix Brasiliensis Azole-Resistant Clinical Isolates, Laís Cavalcanti Dos Santos Velasco De Souza, Nathália Faria Reis, Lucas Martins Alcântara, Simone Cristina Pereira Brito, Pamella Macedo De Souza, Zaida Maria Faria De Freitas, Ingrid De Souza Sousa, José Rodrigo Santos Silva, Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado, Héctor Manuel Mora-Montes, Lucimar Ferreira Kneipp, Malachy Mccann, Michael Devereux, André Luis Souza Dos Santos, Andréa Regina De Souza Baptista

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Background. Sporothrix brasiliensis is the principal etiological agent responsible for cat-transmitted zoonotic sporotrichosis, which is currently the most prevalent mycosis in South America—especially in Brazil—and is increasingly being reported in other regions. While itraconazole is the standard treatment, its use is limited by hepatotoxicity, high cost, and emerging reports of reduced susceptibility. Complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione (phendione) with transition metals have previously shown promise as antifungal agents against bacteria, parasites, yeasts and filamentous fungi. This study investigates the in vitro and in vivo antifungal properties of [Cu(phendione)3](ClO4)2.4H2O (Cu-phendione) and [Ag(phendione)2]ClO4 (Ag-phendione) against S. brasiliensis isolates from domestic felines in endemic regions. …

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A Comparative Analysis Of The Efficacy, Safety And Mechanism Of Action Of Flebogamma Dif, Fostamatinib And Romiplostim In Immune Thrombocytopenia, Mary Akinyemi, Kamna Ravi, Furong Tian, Baljit Singh Jan 2026

A Comparative Analysis Of The Efficacy, Safety And Mechanism Of Action Of Flebogamma Dif, Fostamatinib And Romiplostim In Immune Thrombocytopenia, Mary Akinyemi, Kamna Ravi, Furong Tian, Baljit Singh

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by immune-mediated platelet destruction, resulting in a platelet count below 100 × 109/L and an increased risk of bleeding complications that significantly impair quality of life. Despite advances in ITP management, the unpredictable and heterogeneous nature of the disease continues to challenge treatment selection. This review compares the efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action of Fostamatinib, Flebogamma DIF, and Romiplostim in adult and pediatric ITP patients. Peer-reviewed studies published over the past 20 years, including randomized and non-randomized clinical trials, observational studies, and real-world evidence, were screened for relevance, with …

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High-Sensitivity Fiber Optic Temperature Sensor Based On Vernier Effect In A Polymethyl Methacrylate Capillary And Barium Titanate Microsphere, Zhuochen Wang, Ginu Rajan, Zhe Wang, Anuradha Rout, Rayhan Habib Jibon, Anand Vadakkedathu Raveendran, Yuliya Semenova Jan 2026

High-Sensitivity Fiber Optic Temperature Sensor Based On Vernier Effect In A Polymethyl Methacrylate Capillary And Barium Titanate Microsphere, Zhuochen Wang, Ginu Rajan, Zhe Wang, Anuradha Rout, Rayhan Habib Jibon, Anand Vadakkedathu Raveendran, Yuliya Semenova

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

This paper proposes and investigates a novel fiber Fabry–Perot interferometer (FPI) temperature sensor that leverages the Vernier effect for enhanced sensitivity. The sensor comprises a cascade of two FPIs formed by a short polymethyl methacrylate capillary, a barium titanate microsphere, and a cleaved single-mode fiber. The Vernier effect, induced by the dual Fabry–Perot cavities, amplifies the temperature sensitivity. The fabrication process involves the precise alignment and gluing of components, resulting in a simple, cost-effective sensor. The experimental results indicate a temperature sensitivity of 1.90 nm °C−1. The sensor also exhibits excellent repeatability and stability, making it suitable for …

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Dc - Pure Test2 Researchoutput, Frances Madden Jan 2026

Dc - Pure Test2 Researchoutput, Frances Madden

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

No abstract provided.

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Shining Light On Infection Control: Tio2–Graphene Hybrids As Next-Gen Germicidal Platforms, Mirela Petruta Suchea, Petronela Pascariu, Ioan Valentin Tudose, Maria Orfanou, George Kenanakis, Emmanouel Koudoumas, Stefan Bucur, Ryan Walden, Keerthi M. Nair, Christopher Golden, Mary Heneghan, Suresh C. Pillai, Finn Purcell-Milton, Declan Mccormack Jan 2026

Shining Light On Infection Control: Tio2–Graphene Hybrids As Next-Gen Germicidal Platforms, Mirela Petruta Suchea, Petronela Pascariu, Ioan Valentin Tudose, Maria Orfanou, George Kenanakis, Emmanouel Koudoumas, Stefan Bucur, Ryan Walden, Keerthi M. Nair, Christopher Golden, Mary Heneghan, Suresh C. Pillai, Finn Purcell-Milton, Declan Mccormack

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

The development of next-generation germicidal platforms is a critical response to rising microbial resistance and the global demand for sustainable disinfection technologies. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of hybrid materials based on pure and doped titanium dioxide (TiO2) and graphene, focusing on their synergistic potential for enhanced germicidal applications. The paper begins with a brief overview of the structural, optical, and electronic properties of TiO2 and graphene relevant to photocatalysis and antimicrobial activity. Recent advances in TiO2 bandgap engineering-via doping and nanostructuring-are discussed in connection with improved UV and visible light–driven photocatalytic performance. In parallel, …

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A Multi-Method Study Evaluating The Inference Of Compartmental Model Parameters From A Generative Agent-Based Model, Elizabeth Hunter, Jim Duggan Jan 2026

A Multi-Method Study Evaluating The Inference Of Compartmental Model Parameters From A Generative Agent-Based Model, Elizabeth Hunter, Jim Duggan

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Calibrating process models such as compartmental SIR Models to real data can be performed using either optimization or Bayesian techniques. To accurately assess the performance of these methods, synthetic outbreak data can be used. All information about the data generative process is known for synthetic data, while when using real data there are many unknowns such as under-reporting of cases or real parameter values. We propose using an agent-based model to generate synthetic data. Calibrating to synthetic datasets created using different agent contact structures can provide us with information on how changes in contact structures impact SIR model parameters. We …

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Design And Optical Analysis Of A Non-Ideal Parabolic Trough Concentrator For Uniform Flux Distribution In Photovoltaic Applications, Muhammad Tayyab, Qamar Abbas, Muhammad Rizwan Shad, Philippe Lemarchand, Abida Shaheen, Sarah J. Mccormack, Hassan Bin Shahid, Jawad Sarwar Jan 2026

Design And Optical Analysis Of A Non-Ideal Parabolic Trough Concentrator For Uniform Flux Distribution In Photovoltaic Applications, Muhammad Tayyab, Qamar Abbas, Muhammad Rizwan Shad, Philippe Lemarchand, Abida Shaheen, Sarah J. Mccormack, Hassan Bin Shahid, Jawad Sarwar

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) systems utilize optical elements to focus sunlight onto small-area solar cells. Among different concentrators, Parabolic trough concentrators (PTCs) have simple design and offer medium concentration ratios (typically 30–100 × ). But PTCs are line focus and their spatial non-uniform flux distribution limit their use in CPV applications. This study presents a geometric redesign of conventional PTCs, transforming their line focus into a spatially uniform focus and referred as a segmented non-ideal parabolic trough concentrator (NI-PTC). A numerical model is developed and validated. The validated model is used to investigate performance of NI-PTC by varying design parameters such …

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Modeling The Impact Of Proton Irradiation On Photoluminescence Spectra Of Perovskite Solar Cells, Ming Lang Tseng, Nima Ghadiri Jan 2026

Modeling The Impact Of Proton Irradiation On Photoluminescence Spectra Of Perovskite Solar Cells, Ming Lang Tseng, Nima Ghadiri

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

This study presents a comprehensive modeling approach to assess the impact of proton-irradiation on the photoluminescence (PL) response and current–voltage (JV) characteristics of CsMAFAPbI3/P3HT-based perovskite solar cell validated against experimental data reported in literature. Proton irradiation generates displacement damage across the cell structure most critically within the perovskite bulk where the defect density increases approximately linearly with increased fluence and decreases for high proton energies due to reduced non-ionizing energy loss (NIEL) at higher energies. To capture the optical degradation behavior, Time-Resolved PL transient (TRPL) and PL spectra were modeled using a fluence- and energy-dependent Kohlrausch model (stretched-exponential) …

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Trace: Intervention-Aware Temporal Representation Learning For Video Understanding, Hassan Nazeer Chaudhry, Farzana Kulsoom, Syed Muhammad Mohsin, Sheraz Aslam, Nouman Ashraf Jan 2026

Trace: Intervention-Aware Temporal Representation Learning For Video Understanding, Hassan Nazeer Chaudhry, Farzana Kulsoom, Syed Muhammad Mohsin, Sheraz Aslam, Nouman Ashraf

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Learning generalizable video representations from unlabeled data remains a fundamental challenge in computer vision, as existing self-supervised learning approaches primarily rely on modeling statistical correlations rather than capturing structured temporal dependencies in video data. While recent methods such as masked video modeling and contrastive learning achieve strong empirical performance, they often fail to explicitly account for how changes in motion influence future states, limiting robustness and generalization under distribution shifts. In this work, we propose TRACE, a self-supervised framework for learning intervention-aware spatiotemporal representations by incorporating temporal interventions and counterfactual learning objectives. TRACE operates in latent space by decomposing video …

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Plant And Algal Mucilage: A Comprehensive Review On Sources, Extraction, Functional Properties, Health Benefits, And Emerging Trends In Food, Divya Singh Chauhan, Disha Mishra, Hamid, Vijay Singh Sharanagat, Amit K. Jaiswal Jan 2026

Plant And Algal Mucilage: A Comprehensive Review On Sources, Extraction, Functional Properties, Health Benefits, And Emerging Trends In Food, Divya Singh Chauhan, Disha Mishra, Hamid, Vijay Singh Sharanagat, Amit K. Jaiswal

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Plant- and algal-derived mucilage has gained attention as a sustainable, multifunctional biopolymer for food and allied applications, driven by the demand for clean-label ingredients, green processing technologies, and alternatives to petroleum-based additives. Mucilage is a complex hydrocolloid matrix primarily composed of heteropolysaccharides (e.g. pectins, arabinoxylans, galactomannans, glucomannans, and alginates), associated proteins, and bioactive compounds that provide hydration, rheological, emulsifying, gelling, and film-forming properties. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and critical synthesis of information on plant and algal mucilage, focusing on sources, extraction strategies, chemical composition, structural–functional relationships, health attributes, and emerging trends in food applications. This review systematically …

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Regulatory Invisibility And Energy Poverty: Epc Exclusion, Traveller Mobile Homes And Ireland’S Low-Carbon Transition, Paul Lally, Ehiaze Ehimen, Mary Galvin, Ciara Ahern Jan 2026

Regulatory Invisibility And Energy Poverty: Epc Exclusion, Traveller Mobile Homes And Ireland’S Low-Carbon Transition, Paul Lally, Ehiaze Ehimen, Mary Galvin, Ciara Ahern

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) systems play a central role in residential decarbonisation by determining how dwellings are assessed, benchmarked and made eligible for retrofit support. However, these systems are largely designed around conventional, permanent, site-built housing and can exclude non-standard dwelling types. This paper examines the exclusion of permanently occupied Traveller mobile homes from Ireland’s EPC framework and considers the implications for energy poverty, retrofit policy and energy justice. Using a critical narrative synthesis, the study integrates academic literature, statutory reports, policy documents and community-based evidence to trace the relationship between Traveller accommodation policy, regulatory classification and contemporary decarbonisation frameworks. …

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Acid-Mediated Extraction Of Gelatine From Chicken By-Products: Impact On Yield, Molecular Characteristics, And Structural-Thermal Properties, Omaima Aidat, Mohamad Khairi Zainol, Ilham Ben Amor, Zamzahaila Mohd Zin, Humam Shaaban Barhoum, Huda Alsaeedi, Mikhael Bechelany, Ahmed Barhoum Jan 2026

Acid-Mediated Extraction Of Gelatine From Chicken By-Products: Impact On Yield, Molecular Characteristics, And Structural-Thermal Properties, Omaima Aidat, Mohamad Khairi Zainol, Ilham Ben Amor, Zamzahaila Mohd Zin, Humam Shaaban Barhoum, Huda Alsaeedi, Mikhael Bechelany, Ahmed Barhoum

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Despite the growing interest in utilizing poultry processing by-products as sustainable sources of gelatine, the influence of extraction conditions on gelatine quality, structure, and functionality remains insufficiently understood. This study investigated the effect of acetic acid concentration on the yield, molecular characteristics, and structural-thermal properties of gelatin extracted from chicken feet and heads. Gelatine was extracted using 3 v/v% (CBBG3) and 5 v/v% (CBBG5) acetic acid. CBBG5 produced a higher extraction yield (13.2%) than CBBG3 (10.49%), indicating enhanced collagen solubilization at higher acid concentration. However, CBBG5 also showed higher ash content (4.45 w/w% vs. 2.40 w/w%) and more pronounced yellow-green …

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Inorganic Nanoparticle-Bacteria Interaction Systems: Mechanistic, Functional And Agricultural Applications, Gouri Nilakshika Atapattu, Michelle Giltrap, Furong Tian Jan 2026

Inorganic Nanoparticle-Bacteria Interaction Systems: Mechanistic, Functional And Agricultural Applications, Gouri Nilakshika Atapattu, Michelle Giltrap, Furong Tian

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

BackgroundInorganic nanoparticles (NPs) are capable of interacting with bacteria. Due to this interaction, the cell exterior and interior of bacteria maybe altered. As a result, bacterial growth inhibition might occur due to the antimicrobial properties exerted by inorganic nanoparticles. Inorganic nanomaterials with antimicrobial activity have been discussed within the literature under the food, pharmaceutical, biomedicine and agriculture sectors. Currently, nanoparticle-mediated control of plant bacterial pathogens is advancing in agriculture.AimThis review aims to highlight the potential of bacteria-inorganic nanoparticle systems in agriculture and how they may yield agricultural benefits beyond antimicrobial activity.MethodsWe analysed literature published between 2020 and 2024 on how …

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Characterization Of Nutritional And Flavor Profiles Of Aromatic Black Rice, India, Babli Waribam, Raju Sasikumar, T. Selva Kumar, Phani Kumar Garlapati, Sandeep Janghu, S. Chakkaravarthi, Paul Mansingh, Vidisha Tomer, Amit K. Jaiswal Jan 2026

Characterization Of Nutritional And Flavor Profiles Of Aromatic Black Rice, India, Babli Waribam, Raju Sasikumar, T. Selva Kumar, Phani Kumar Garlapati, Sandeep Janghu, S. Chakkaravarthi, Paul Mansingh, Vidisha Tomer, Amit K. Jaiswal

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Chakhao is an indigenous aromatic black rice variety from Manipur, India, valued for its distinctive flavor, high anthocyanin content, and associated health benefits. Despite its geographical indication status, limited information exists on how regional cultivation conditions influence its compositional attributes. This study characterizes and compares the nutritional composition, mineral content, volatile profile, and fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) composition of Chakhao sourced from five major cultivation regions in Manipur. Proximate analysis quantified moisture, protein, ash, fiber, fat, and carbohydrate content, whereas GC-MS/MS and ICP-MS were employed to profile volatile compounds, FAMEs, and mineral elements. Carbohydrates were the predominant macronutrient (73.88%–74.21%), …

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Agriculture Contributions To Water Pollution And Sustainable Policy Solutions In Europe, Jemma Nolan, Azza Silotry Naik Jan 2026

Agriculture Contributions To Water Pollution And Sustainable Policy Solutions In Europe, Jemma Nolan, Azza Silotry Naik

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Freshwater is essential for sustaining the health of humans, animals, and ecosystems; however, agricultural activities remain a major source of water pollution globally. This review examines how crop production, livestock farming, and aquaculture contribute to water contamination, the effectiveness of current European policies, and the potential of sustainable mitigation strategies. Evidence from the research identified pesticides, herbicides, veterinary antibiotics, nutrient runoff, aquaculture effluents, and microplastics as the primary agricultural pollutants affecting surface and groundwater quality. These contaminants have been linked to ecosystem degradation, biodiversity loss, endocrine disruption, antimicrobial resistance, and adverse human health outcomes. Despite extensive regulatory frameworks, including the …

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