Digital Commons Network^™

Examining The Relation Between Cognitive Reflection And Directional Reasoning In The Context Of Political Affiliation, Ian Dargitz

West Chester University Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Final Projects

The intent of the study was to examine contributing factors to political bias, in particular the role of cognitive reflection. I hypothesized that in an explicitly partisan context, cognitive reflection would be predictive of greater bias.

Participants completed the cognitive reflection test (CRT). They then read a prompt claiming that people with either conservative or liberal beliefs tended to score higher on the CRT, using either explicitly partisan (e.g., "Medicare for All") or relatively neutral language (e.g., "low-cost health insurance.") After reading this prompt, they were asked whether they believe the CRT is a valid measure of reflective ability. Participants …

Geriatric Trauma Care: Closing The Gap Between Current Practice And Evidence-Based Data, Coleen Dever

West Chester University Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Final Projects

Trauma care for older adults, ages 65 and older, poses challenges for trauma centers and emergency departments. This age group accounts for nearly 20% of the population and is expected to continue growing, underscoring the need for rapid, efficient management after injury. Complex medical conditions and medications, such as anticoagulants, can worsen injuries even from low-energy mechanisms like a ground-level fall (GLF). As a result, trauma centers develop protocols to identify patients at the highest risk of serious injury and to allocate resources for assessment and treatment. Across the country, trauma centers have updated protocols to include anticoagulant use as …

Bridging Vision And Practice: A Case Study Of Educator Perceptions Within The Community School Model, Jessica M. Riedel

West Chester University Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Final Projects

Guided by a qualitative collective case study employing two focus groups and six individual interviews, this dissertation in practice examined educator and community school specialist perceptions of the community school model and sought to understand how those perceptions inform the district’s approach to teaching and school operations. Findings indicated a genuine desire to make the community school model successful for students within the buildings but also emphasized a lack of role clarity and professional development opportunities, misconceptions around the model, and siloing within different programs in the schools. These results highlight the need for more communication within districts and schools …

Beyond Interests And Ideas: Institutions And The Persistence Of Trade Protectionism In Brazil, Samo Sérgio Gonçalves Tosatti

West Chester University Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Final Projects

Despite decades of economic reforms and growing international integration since the 1990s, Brazil has remained one of the most protectionist large economies in the global trading system. Tariff levels remain relatively high, the country maintains a limited network of trade agreements, and non-tariff barriers play a significant role in shaping market access. Existing explanations for this persistence have focused primarily on the influence of organized interests, particularly import-competing industries, and the enduring influence of developmentalist ideas rooted in Brazil’s import-substitution industrialization (ISI) legacy.

This dissertation argues that these explanations are incomplete without accounting for a third explanatory dimension: institutions. It …

The Effect Of Social Buffering And Gender On Cortisol Response In Emerging Adults, Ashley G. Molchany

West Chester University Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Final Projects

Abstract

Cortisol, the primary stress hormone in the body, is released in times of challenge, including challenges faced throughout the transition to college. The experience of acute stress can be assessed through cortisol measures. The present study involved a 60-minute lab assessment for first-year students to analyze their physiological response to stress. Previous research has illustrated factors which impact cortisol responses, two of which are social support and gender. In the current study, participants (n = 71) were assigned to work either by themselves (Student Alone Condition) or in a peer triad group (Peer Triad Condition). Additionally, participants identified …

Shrinking Attachment Spaces, Anastasia M. Clements

West Chester University Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Final Projects

Gluing constructions such as pushouts and other colimits are often used to attach spaces to- gether in algebraic topology. The weak topology is a natural choice of topology for attachment spaces in the context of CW-complexes and simplicial complexes because of its universal property but is insufficient for gluing together infinitely many spaces and preserving topological properties like compactness or metrizability. In this thesis, we introduce a modification of the weak topology called the shrinking attachment topology, which is defined on a space Y constructed by attaching an infinite sequence of spaces B₁, B₁, B_{3 …}

Dual Language Learner Status In Relation To Cortisol For Children In Head Start Preschool, Keala Bratsch

West Chester University Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Final Projects

Early childhood education (ECE) has well documented school readiness benefits, especially for children facing economic hardship. Yet preschool context poses challenges that are associated with elevated stress levels and potential long-term tax on physiological systems that respond to stress. The present study examined dual language learner (DLL) status in relation to levels of the stress hormone cortisol among low-income children attending Head Start Preschool programs. Participants included 207 children ages 3- 5 years who attended preschool in 2021-22 (60.9% attending a dual-language learning school, 39.1% attending an English-instruction-only preschool; all participants meeting the criteria for low-income), and their parents or …

The Evolution Of Ethical Conviction, Tracy Henry

West Chester University Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Final Projects

There is a steady decline in public opinion polling when it comes to the public’s perspective of public officials. In 2023, the combined unfavourability rating of Congress was at 72%.  There are ongoing unfavorable ratings, by issue, for the judiciary, and by individual for the executive. The researcher went in search of the reasons behind the declining opinions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to identify those reasons and to answer the research question: To what extent do the ethical philosophies of consequentialism, deontology, and virtue inform the perceptions of the American public when they scrutinize the decision-making and conduct of public …

School-Based Mental And Emotional Support For Urban Students Experiencing Traumatic Loss, Britney Daniel-Harris

West Chester University Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Final Projects

This study explores the perception of educational staff members on school-based mental and emotional resources for urban students experiencing traumatic loss. With increased levels of research centered on enhancing training protocols to educate teachers on identifying, supporting, and guiding traumatic care through evidence-based resources, there is an opportunity to understand their experiences by hearing their voices through a narrative inquiry qualitative research design. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) has six principles of a trauma-informed environment, which were utilized to analyze participant stories. Five teachers, one social worker, and one special education leader participated in one-on-one interviews …

Impact Of Childhood Trauma On Perceptions Of Health: Examining The Role Of Religiosity As A Protective Factor Among Black And African American Adults, Patrice Penrose

West Chester University Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Final Projects

Purpose: Childhood trauma has detrimental immediate and lifelong impacts on health. Black and African Americans experience higher rates of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) than the general population. Religiosity, a common coping mechanism for many who experience trauma, could serve to moderate the impacts. This study examines whether the importance of religion buffers against the impact of childhood exposure to PTEs on adult perceptions of health and assesses whether social support and/or coping mediate the relationship between religiosity and perceived health.

Method: This study analyzed data from 2,537 Black and African American participants in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to …

The Power Of Belonging: Transforming Preservice Educators Through Culturally Responsive Teaching, Rebecca J. Ford

West Chester University Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Final Projects

This thesis explores the role of Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) as a means of fostering student belonging, dignity, and academic engagement within the United States public education system. Despite increasing cultural diversity in schools, many students continue to experience practices that fail to affirm their identities or reflect their lived experiences. The thesis proposes the development of a preservice teacher course designed to help incoming educators examine their own cultural identities and biases, understand the principles of culturally responsive teaching, and implement practical, low-preparation instructional strategies that foster authentic inclusion and belonging. By positioning students' cultural knowledge and lived experiences …

Politics As Usual: Racial Pay Inequity And The Illusion Of Inclusion In The Rise And Fall Of Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, And Accessibility Executive Orders, Francois C. Melville

West Chester University Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Final Projects

This research examines pressing moral policy questions of our time: who determines when the United States of America has fulfilled its broken promise of equality for all, and what constitutes an appropriate measure of reparative justice. It interrogates why the Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Executive Orders (EOs) implemented across presidential administrations, intended to advance social equity, were grounded in conflict and symbolic gestures rather than scientifically evidenced issues such as wage inequality directly linked to upward career mobility. Race conscious policy generates cultural clashes centered on the perception that gains made by Black and Brown Americans come at the …

The Role Of Technology In Education: Friend Or Fiend?, Michaela A. Morgan

West Chester University Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Final Projects

In this paper we will be examining the role of educational technology in the United States through a critical lens with the purpose of arguing that the growing dependence on EdTech, standardized testing, and data-driven instruction has contributed to the privatization, dehumanization, and inequity of public education. Drawing from critical pedagogy, sociocultural theory, and educational research both recent and decades prior. In my paper I explore how technology in schools often functions less as a liberatory tool and more as a mechanism of surveillance, commodification, and control. We consider the historical roots of educational inequality, including eugenics, meritocracy, and colonial …

Negating Capitalist Forms Of Life And Subjectivities Through An Ontological Exploration Of Education And Pedagogy, Shannon Gallagher

West Chester University Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Final Projects

Capitalism is not solely an economic system but is a particular form of life. Its pervasive effects have defined what it means to be human, live, and exist within the capitalist reality we inhabit. Education has been carefully curated with its formative potential in mind to form subjects who embody and act upon capitalist ontological assumptions. By doing so, education has been employed to constrain individuals to this reality with no possibility of any alternative way to be and become. This thesis argues that for education to be humanizing and liberating, there must be a critical examination of how capitalist …

The Experiences Of Black Women’S Maternity Care And Its Effects On Pregnancy Outcomes, Joy O. Osaghae

West Chester University Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Final Projects

Health disparities in maternal health are a significant challenge to the public health of the United States, and Black women have double the morbidity and mortality rates of maternal illnesses in comparison with White women. These inequalities persist across socioeconomic levels, highlighting systemic inequities within the healthcare system. Some published studies have focused on quantitative outcomes, but few have examined Black women's lived experiences and their impact on pregnancy outcomes. This paper fills this gap by discussing the maternity care experiences of Black women in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Drawing on Critical Race Theory and Intersectionality Theory, this qualitative phenomenological study explored …

Health Promotion In Tertiary Music Institutions: A Position Paper, Raluca Matei, B. Ackermann, Joy Allen, Et Al.

Faculty Works

Health promotion in tertiary music education lacks shared guidance despite rising concern for musicians’ well-being. This position paper addresses that gap with a consensus-based, evidence-informed framework developed by 122 contributors across six continents and a variety of disciplines, including musicians and student representatives. It advances a broad understanding of health—physical, psychological, social, cultural, and occupational—and positions health promotion as integral to musicking rather than an add-on. We offer seven adaptable recommendations for institutions: (1) Reframe musicianship through health-informed cultural transformation; (2) Transform institutional culture and governance; (3) Collaborate across disciplines and expertise; (4) Equip educators, leaders, and staff to promote …

Brain–Computer Interfaces: Opportunities And Challenges, Stephanie Plamondon

Faculty Scholarship

Neurotechnology has entered a period of transformation. Brain–computer interface devices that collect and sometimes influence brain activity, while once confined mainly to research and clinical spheres, are now being marketed to individual and institutional consumers for a range of uses. At the same time, AIdriven data analysis systems are rendering brain activity increasingly comprehensible to machines and humans, presenting the potential for new and improved applications of neurotechnology but also raising privacy concerns. At this exciting juncture, thoughtful attention to the ethical issues surrounding neurotechnology and considered and coordinated policy approaches are warranted to ensure the neurotechnology industry reaches its …

Roles, Responsibilities, Considerations, And Beyond: Community Musical Care, Renate 艶子 Rohlfing

Music and Health Position Papers

Community musical care is about creating spaces where people come together, connect, and imagine healthier futures through music. It is about nurturing environments where creativity becomes a tool for well-being and collective strength. The concept is grounded in a fundamental belief: People inherently understand how to use creativity to care for themselves and others. In their daily lives, they use music to deepen relationships, process emotions, and navigate the complexities of being human. A crucial aspect of this work involves sustaining cultural practices and honoring the musical traditions that communities carry forward through generations.

Roles Of Cytokines In Modulating Trypanosoma Brucei Rhodesiense Infection Outcomes In Vervet Monkeys, Clarah Jebet, John Kibuthu Thuita, Daniel Masiga, Benedict Owino Orindi, John Oidho, Mark C. Field, Enock Matovu, Vincent Owino Adung’A

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Introduction:

Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, is categorized as acute due to rapid disease progression but presents varying clinical outcomes. Although the mechanisms underpinning differential clinical progression are poorly understood, both host and parasite factors are implicated. Therefore, we sought to elucidate roles of primate host factors in mediating varying T. b. rhodesiense infection outcomes.

Methods:

Here, we assessed the roles of selected host cytokines in disease progression using a tsetse-mediated infection in a non-human primate (NHP) vervet monkey model that closely mimics HAT and natural infection. We quantified eight cytokines, including TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-6, …

Ecological Intensification Of Maize-Kale Systems In Kenya By Biofertilization And Push-Pull Management Shifts Nematode Communities, Agnes Kiriga, Johnnie Van Den Berg, Frank Chidawanyika, Solveig Haukeland, Bianca Greyvenstein, Dennis Beesigamukama, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Sevgan Subramanian, Daniel M. Mutyambai

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) pose a persistent threat to vegetable production in Kenya, contributing to reduced yields and soil degradation. The management of PPNs in vegetables in Kenya has largely remained unaddressed. The integration of ecological intensification strategies such as the vegetable integrated push-pull (VIPP) system and the use of black soldier fly frass fertilizer (BSFF) is gaining traction in sustainable agriculture. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of integrating VIPP and BSFF on nematode abundance and diversity in maize-kale cropping systems. Field trials were conducted in two different agroecological zones in Kenya. Field treatments involved plots …

A Theory Of Major Questions, Nicholas Almendares

Cardozo Law Review

The major questions doctrine has been fiercely criticized as an example of the Supreme Court’s “imperial” turn where it concentrates ever more power in its own hands. The doctrine is sweeping, vague, and lacks a clear justification. Not only does the Court get to decide when the doctrine applies and when the heightened standard is satisfied, but it has also not offered good reasons behind this rule. A well-defined theory would give the doctrine structure, clarity, and consistency. While majority opinions have been conspicuously quiet on the theory behind the major questions doctrine, concurrences, namely by Justice Gorsuch, have argued …

When The Internet Attacks, Craig Cowie

Cardozo Law Review

Courts have struggled with applying personal jurisdiction in cases involving intentional torts where the defendants act outside the forum, and the problem is particularly apparent and acute when the defendants use the internet to commit the tort. For example, is there jurisdiction when a defendant doxxes someone and calls for violence? What if they leave a bad Yelp review? Or tweet a defamatory statement? Courts have used many tests for determining whether personal jurisdiction is appropriate in these situations, but there has been relatively little recent scholarship on whether these tests are appropriate for analyzing personal jurisdiction in these contexts. …

Undermining Discretion: The Selective Attacks On Progressive Prosecutors, Angela J. Davis

Cardozo Law Review

Prosecutors are the most powerful officials in the criminal legal system. They decide whether to bring criminal charges and what those criminal charges should be. These decisions are totally within their discretion. The U.S. Supreme Court has consistently protected the power and discretion of prosecutors in making these decisions, and legal challenges to the exercise of prosecutorial discretion have been largely unsuccessful.

In recent years, a growing number of individuals have successfully run for chief prosecutor on platforms of reducing the prison and jail populations, consistent with public safety. They pledged to use their power and discretion to implement policies …

Quantum Ai And The Future Of Corporate Law, Michael R. Siebecker

Cardozo Law Review

As quantum computing and AI surge toward mainstream adoption, how corporate directors satisfy their duties of care and oversight requires some fiduciary recalibration. The current fiduciary framework that allows directors to escape liability absent “gross negligence” or “utter failure” in oversight may no longer be defensible in a world where advanced analytics offer unprecedented capacity to model, monitor, and foresee significant corporate risks. Behavioral economics makes clear that humans (including corporate managers) remain vulnerable to a variety of biases and heuristics shortcuts in decision making. Technological evolution provides the means to correct such cognitive distortions if boards take an active …

Intergenerational Bible Study As A Means Of Discipleship At The Waukesha Community Seventh-Day Adventist Church, Myoung Kwon

Doctor of Ministry Projects

Problem

The Waukesha Community Seventh-day Adventist Church faced a plateau in Bible study engagement. Newly baptized members were disengaging from continuing Bible study and not reproducing disciples, resulting in a spiritual growth process that was minimal and heavily dependent on the pastor.

Method

The DMin student chose action research as a method for developing, implementing, and evaluating an intergenerational Bible study strategy to revitalize discipleship. The three-phase intervention included: (1) a sermon series featuring intergenerational activities to recruit participants; (2) a workshop to equip lay members as Bible study teachers; and (3) an eight-week program with two tracks: a one-on-one …

Words That Heal Or Harm: A Narrative Review On Language Use In Nursing Care.", R. Sudha, A.S. Neya

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

No abstract provided.

Challenges In Implementing Digital Health Solutions For Pressure Ulcer Management: A Narrative Review, Shreenidhi Jogi, Elsa Sanatombi Devi, Vishal Shanbhag

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Background: Digital pressure ulcer care solutions are both accurate and well-developed in terms of technology. However, a gap remains between available digital solutions and their use in everyday pressure ulcer care practices. This review aims to summarize the technical, human, and system-level challenges that restrict the effective application of digital health solutions in pressure ulcer management.

Methods: The search was conducted in CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE. Studies that reported implementation challenges in their findings were included.

Results: Infrastructure barriers were about more than just having internet access. Issues such as inconsistent system performance and hardware malfunctions …

The Connectedness Between Awareness And Practice Of Waste Control And Recycling In Urban Villages: A Cross-Sectional Community-Based Study., Nelifer Shreya Ammanna, Jeenal Valine Mendonca, Chethan Kunder, Sushwetha Poojary, Swagath Nayak, Ansuya Ansuya, Mitchelle Shilpa Lewis

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: Waste management is an increasing problem that occurs globally due to expanding population around the globe. Researchers worldwide are working towards ending this problem that impacts the environment and people's health. The knowledge of the wastes produced and how we manage them is vital for the population to understand; knowing about it and practicing the same will create a ripple effect on the waste generated by the people.

Objective: To determine the condition of the urban villages in terms of awareness and practice of waste management, and to know whether these are interrelated.

Methods: A quantitative approach with …

Attitudes Of Nursing Students Towards Paediatric Clinical Learning Experiences, Mamatha S Pai, Sangeetha Priyadarshini, Anusuya Prabhu, Yashoda Satish, Edlin G Mathias

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Background: Clinical practicum is an important component of pediatric nursing education that helps students integrate theoretical knowledge with practical skills. Nursing students’ attitudes toward clinical learning influence their competence and overall learning experience. Factors such as supervision, clinical environment, and staff support play a major role in shaping these attitudes.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the attitudes of nursing students toward pediatric nursing practice during their clinical placements. Method: A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted involving 261 nursing students (175 pursuing a bachelor’s degree and 86 pursuing a diploma) from a College of Nursing in Manipal, India, between 2018 …

Methodological Reflection On Thematic Analysis: Insights From A Doctoral Study, Salma Hassan

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Qualitative research among doctoral students has become popular over the past decade. This methodological reflection presents a step-by-step account of the application of Reflective Thematic Analysis (RTA), as developed by Braun and Clarke, within a PhD study exploring the lived experiences of postnatal mothers regarding postnatal care. Reflective Thematic Analysis by Braun & Clarke was used to analyse the rich qualitative data from the original research. This paper outlines the methodological challenges and lessons learned in blending phenomenological enquiry with thematic analysis, following Braun & Clarke’s six-phase thematic analysis. This reflection provides transparent practical insights for novice researchers and student …