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A Visual Enhancement Quality Of Digital Medical Image Based On Bat Optimization, Kholood Hussin, Ali Nahar, Hussain Khleaf Jul 2026

A Visual Enhancement Quality Of Digital Medical Image Based On Bat Optimization, Kholood Hussin, Ali Nahar, Hussain Khleaf

Engineering and Technology Journal

Improve medical image visualization is a critical preliminary step before further imagery processing like analyzing texture, extracting features, and segmentation. Imagery noises in medical images are frequently occurred as a consequence of different artificial processes such as acquisition, sending and receiving, and storing & retrieving processes. As a result, the quality of image visualization is degraded. Therefore, a de-noise process is important in order to maintain good image quality for medical purposes. In this paper, medical image enhancement aims to de-noise as much as possible while maintaining detailed features and edges. This work employed an optimization algorithm called "Bat" to …

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Image Processing Technique For Zinc Ion Sensing Using A Crystalline Fiber Sensor, Omar Hassan, Razi Al-Azawi, Bushra Mahdi Jul 2026

Image Processing Technique For Zinc Ion Sensing Using A Crystalline Fiber Sensor, Omar Hassan, Razi Al-Azawi, Bushra Mahdi

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, crystalline optical fibers were used as a sensor for sensing the zinc ion concentration using the image processing technique. The image of the laser spot transmitted through the optical fiber crystal sensor for each concentration of zinc ion solution. The sensor was made by welding a piece of LMA-10 crystal optical fiber from both ends of a single-mode optical fiber to obtain an SM-PCF-SM type sensor. And it is possible to distinguish between one concentration and another by studying the change of the images obtained as a result of changing the concentration of the zinc ion. The …

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Enhancement Of An Iraqi Radial Distribution System Performance Using Multi-Object Particle Swarm Optimization, Hazim Alwazni, Shatha Al-Kubragyi Jul 2026

Enhancement Of An Iraqi Radial Distribution System Performance Using Multi-Object Particle Swarm Optimization, Hazim Alwazni, Shatha Al-Kubragyi

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper proposes a Multi Object Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) to find the optimal location and capacity of Distributed Generation and D-STATCOM device. The objective function has adapted with a multi -objectives function to improve voltage profile, the voltage stability and reduce the total power loss of the Radial Distribution System (RDS). Basically, the voltage stability index (VSI) has been used to pre-determine the optimal location of DG and D-STATCOM. Then, a MOPSO applies to achieve the suitable size of DG and D-STATCOM units with different load models. The proposed method is compared with other existing methods and it was …

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A Study Of Patient’S Pain Assessment Based On Facial Expression: Issues And Challenges, Elaf Saddam, Saad Mutashar, Wissam Ali Jul 2026

A Study Of Patient’S Pain Assessment Based On Facial Expression: Issues And Challenges, Elaf Saddam, Saad Mutashar, Wissam Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

Pain is considered as an emotional experience and a restless feeling associated with tissue damage. When the interpretation begins in the brain, the sensation of pain occurs; a signal transmitted to the brain through the nerve fiber. Pain helps the body to stop further damage to the tissues. Since there are numerous ways to convey and feel pain, the perception of pain is special to all. Technology that promotes pain assessment is an urgent need to reduce restless feelings and suffering. This paper aims to demonstrate the issues and challenges facing the patient’s pain assessment based on facial expression. The …

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A Proposed Channel Estimation Based On Enhanced Sub-Carrier Index Modulation And Packet-Discrete Wavelet Transform To Minimize Bit Error Rate, Ansam Jabbar Jul 2026

A Proposed Channel Estimation Based On Enhanced Sub-Carrier Index Modulation And Packet-Discrete Wavelet Transform To Minimize Bit Error Rate, Ansam Jabbar

Engineering and Technology Journal

For Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and other communication systems, many estimating approaches have been developed to estimate the channel state information and lower the Bit Error Rate (BER). These estimating methods, however, are still subject to the influence of large peak powers compared to average powers. Reduced computational complexity is one of the most significant factors to consider while developing a new estimate algorithm. This study aims to provide a novel design of the Packet-Discrete Wavelet Transform (P-DWT) algorithm for channel estimation in wireless OFDM instead of the fast Fourier transform (FFT). It is presented to retrieve the code …

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Signaling Load Reduction In 5g Network And Beyond, Mohammed Waheed, Azzad Saeed, Thanaa Abd Jul 2026

Signaling Load Reduction In 5g Network And Beyond, Mohammed Waheed, Azzad Saeed, Thanaa Abd

Engineering and Technology Journal

A huge traffic flow in the next generation network is anticipated due to the rising in number of users and the new services that need low end-to-end latency causing a large signaling load on the Core Network (CN). In order to mitigate this issue, many revolutionary architectures have been proposed to reduce this burden such as Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN). In this paper, a new C-RAN distributed core network architecture has been proposed by splitting some CN functions and grouping them into one location with Base Band Units (BBUs). As a measure of testing the proposed architectures and by …

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Power Optimization Of Binary Multiplier Based On Fpga, Fadi Nasser, Ivan Hashim Jul 2026

Power Optimization Of Binary Multiplier Based On Fpga, Fadi Nasser, Ivan Hashim

Engineering and Technology Journal

In the VLSI circuits, power dissipation is a critical design parameter and it plays a vital role in the performance of different digital systems. The decrease in chip size along with the increase in chip density and complexity will increase the difficulty in designing higher performance and low power digital systems. Therefore, achieving a fast and low power system is the major concern of VLSI designers. Most of the digital systems have different math operations in their architectures. This paper focuses on the multiplication operation. Multiplication requires more iterations, long time, large area, and consumes high power of the digital …

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Design Of A Boost Converter With Mppt Algorithm For A Pv Generator Under Extreme Operating Conditions, Hussein Hussein, Ali Mahdi, Thamir Abdul-Wahhab Jul 2026

Design Of A Boost Converter With Mppt Algorithm For A Pv Generator Under Extreme Operating Conditions, Hussein Hussein, Ali Mahdi, Thamir Abdul-Wahhab

Engineering and Technology Journal

Photovoltaic generators (PVGs) are one of the most popular renewable energy sources (RESs), which achieve 47% of RES in microgrids. The aim of this work is to design and simulate a PVG system with a rated power of about 1,621 kW at the standard test conditions (STC), i.e., 1,000 W/m2 and 25ºC. The main components of the proposed PVG are 12 PV panels connected in series (the peak power of a PV panel at STC is about 135 W). A DC-DC boost converter is proposed for implementing the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. The proposed MPPT algorithm is tested …

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Optimal Localization Of Upfc For Transmission Line Losses Minimizing Using Particle Swarm Optimization, Ihssan Amin, Dhari Mahmood, Ali Numan Jul 2026

Optimal Localization Of Upfc For Transmission Line Losses Minimizing Using Particle Swarm Optimization, Ihssan Amin, Dhari Mahmood, Ali Numan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Losses in the transmission line have a significant and growing impact on power systems around the world. Line losses overheat power lines, therefore electrical power systems require powerful processors and intelligent management methods. Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) device UPFC is one of the most important devices due to its ability to reduce total line losses that cause an increase in the transmission line capacity of the power system. In this paper, we used Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to determine the optimal location for the installation of UPFC device to minimize losses in the transmission line in the Iraqi international …

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Reducing Vibrations Generated In A Gas Turbine Model Ms9001e Used In South Baghdad Power Plant Station By Improving The Design Of Bearings With Damper, Alaa Abdulah, Muhannad Khalifa, Abdul Jabbar Hanfesh Jul 2026

Reducing Vibrations Generated In A Gas Turbine Model Ms9001e Used In South Baghdad Power Plant Station By Improving The Design Of Bearings With Damper, Alaa Abdulah, Muhannad Khalifa, Abdul Jabbar Hanfesh

Engineering and Technology Journal

Gas turbines are engines an energy plant makes use of for generating the rotary motion to show power generators. The gas turbine is largely a combustion engine for changing natural gas or different liquid fuels to rotational mechanical energy. Often, the gas turbine generates excessive noise or vibrations. In this work, the problem of vibrations occurrence in the gas turbine model MS9001E used in the south Baghdad power station is solved. This is done by making a groove in the bearing pad to increase the oil flow, replacing the bearing type with a tilt-pad bearing type with damper. The finite …

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Preparing Nanofluids (Al2o3) For Enhancement Performance Of Photovoltaic, Mohammed Saadoon, Ibtisam Hasan, Mohammed Mohammed Jul 2026

Preparing Nanofluids (Al2o3) For Enhancement Performance Of Photovoltaic, Mohammed Saadoon, Ibtisam Hasan, Mohammed Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

Photovoltaic (PV) panels produce electrical energy comparable to the cumulative amount of PV radiation generated on surface of sun. The solar modules influence on temperature of PV panel and for work with its standard specifications in Iraqi environment can be used nanofluid for cooling PV and improve performance. The developed thermal model for proposed cooling method has shown on the way to be an efficient design tool that can help engineers to reduce the time and cost of experimental testing. The improvement in temperature reduction using direct flow technique at rear sides of PV panel achieved electrical and thermal performance …

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Experimental Study Of Air Ejector Performance To Cool Agricultural Products, Hassan Jawad, Qusay Abdul Ghafoor Jul 2026

Experimental Study Of Air Ejector Performance To Cool Agricultural Products, Hassan Jawad, Qusay Abdul Ghafoor

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this research, an ejector was designed and manufactured from brass metal as part of a cooling system to cool agricultural products, work of ejector is based on the Venturi principle. The primary fluid is air and steam of product is the secondary fluid, used the primary pressure (1, 8, 1) bar for the purpose of conducting the experiment. The ejector was manufactured from a number of interconnected parts to give the final shape. The performance of the ejector was analyzed theoretically, through operating of system evaporation of water take place in vessel  leads to cooling product at change operation …

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Distinguish The Textures Of Grasped Objects By Robotic Hand Using Artificial Neural-Network, Hassan Salman, Mohsin Hamzah, Sadeq Bakhy Jul 2026

Distinguish The Textures Of Grasped Objects By Robotic Hand Using Artificial Neural-Network, Hassan Salman, Mohsin Hamzah, Sadeq Bakhy

Engineering and Technology Journal

The object identification properties with tactile sensing are valuable in  interaction with the environment for both humans and robots, and it is the core of sensing used for exploration and determining properties of objects that are inaccessible from visual perception. Object identification often involves with rigid mechanical grippers, tactile information and intelligent algorithms. This paper proposes a methodology for feature extraction techniques and discriminates objects for different softness using adaptive robotic grippers, which are equipped with force and angle sensors in each four fingers of an underactuated robot hand. Arduino microcontroller and the Matlab program are integrated to acquire sensor …

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Numerical Analysis Of Linear Elevator Structure Using Finite Element Method, Saba Othman, Jamal Mohammed, Farag Mohammed Jul 2026

Numerical Analysis Of Linear Elevator Structure Using Finite Element Method, Saba Othman, Jamal Mohammed, Farag Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work, the structure of the linear elevator prototype had been investigated numerically using finite element method. The linear motor structure parameters analyzed using Maxwell ANSYS. The time-stepping method depending on Maxwell equations be applied for analyzing and optimizing the magnetic and force characteristics. While the elevator structure parameters were analyzed using ANSYS workbench based on the principle of virtual work. The frame considered as clamped- clamped beam, and the base of the car considered as thin plate with small deflection. The analysis done with maximum applied load of 360 N at 1.5 safety factor. The results show the …

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The Influence Of Convection Heat Transfers For Vertical Mini-Tubes Using Solvent Carbon Dioxide And Porous Media At Supercritical Pressure, Bilal Kkihlefa, Ameer Jaddoa, Ahmed Reja Jul 2026

The Influence Of Convection Heat Transfers For Vertical Mini-Tubes Using Solvent Carbon Dioxide And Porous Media At Supercritical Pressure, Bilal Kkihlefa, Ameer Jaddoa, Ahmed Reja

Engineering and Technology Journal

Porous media and solvent CO2 at supercritical pressure were investigated experimentally to study the effect of convection heat transfer in vertical mini-tubes. Mini-tubes diameter (5 and 8 mm) with medium porosity of 0.5 are proposed in experimental investigation. Experimental conditions consisted of bulk fluid, wall temperatures ranged from 33 to 55 oC, and 8 to 10 MPa of pressure. Reynolds number, Mass flow rate, and heat flux were 1750 to 21000, 0.5 to 4.5 Kg/h, and 3.25×104 to 1.1×105 W/m2 respectively. Some chemical additives like Ethanol, Chloroform, Acetone, Dimethyl sulfoxide, and Methanol were considered. A special focus was dedicated to …

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A Practical Study Of The Thermal Performance Of A Vacuum Tube For Solar Collector Using A Double -Sided Electronic Curtain With Nano-Fluid, Nagham Majeed, Khalid Sultan, Hosham Anead Jul 2026

A Practical Study Of The Thermal Performance Of A Vacuum Tube For Solar Collector Using A Double -Sided Electronic Curtain With Nano-Fluid, Nagham Majeed, Khalid Sultan, Hosham Anead

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this research, a practical study and appraisal of the thermal performance for the solar collector with vacuum tube has conducted Two types of nanomaterials (aluminum and aluminum oxide) have added to distilled water with nanoparticles diameters of 30 nm and 50 nm respectively. The nanomaterials were used in three several concentrations and three several flow rates which used as a working fluid in evacuated tube solar collector (ETSC) in order to increase the efficiency and beneficial thermal gain. An electronic double-sided reflective and absorbent electronic curtain were added to enhance the performance and control the temperature of the nanoscale. …

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Electricity Generation From Hydro, Wind, Solar And The Environment, Olumide Towoju, Oluwatoyin Oladele Jul 2026

Electricity Generation From Hydro, Wind, Solar And The Environment, Olumide Towoju, Oluwatoyin Oladele

Engineering and Technology Journal

Human actions such as electricity generation are contributory causes of climate change. In a quest to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases associated with electricity generation from fossil fuels, the world is turning to renewables. Renewable sources, however, also do have an impact on the environment. Likewise, renewable electricity generation is also dependent on the climate. Hydro, Wind, and Solar are the popular renewable energy sources for the generation of electricity. This work reviews the impact of these renewables in electricity generation on the environment. It also considers the effect of climate change on its use. The construction of renewable …

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Enhanced Mechanical And Fatigue Properties In Aa5052 Via Tio_2 Nanoparticles Addition Sintering Temperature (St), Zahraa Kadhim, Hussain Alalkawi, Ahmed Reja Jul 2026

Enhanced Mechanical And Fatigue Properties In Aa5052 Via Tio_2 Nanoparticles Addition Sintering Temperature (St), Zahraa Kadhim, Hussain Alalkawi, Ahmed Reja

Engineering and Technology Journal

The goal of the present work is to study the effect of different sintering temperatures (900, 1000 and 1100 ) on fatigue and mechanical characteristics of the metal matrix AA5052 reinforced with 5% of TiO2 nanoparticles. The stir casting process is used for manufacturing of AA5052/TiO2 nanocomposite. The mechanical characteristics of nano composites have been obtained at ambient temperature. The results of mechanical properties showed that the best enhancement in hardness (HB), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (YS) is occurred in nanocomposite with 1000  sintering temperature (ST). However, the fatigue test results showed that the samples manufactured under …

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Experimental Investigation Of Dimensional Accuracy In Non-Traditional Sheet Metal Spinning Process For Producing Rectangular Spun Part, ِِAmmar Saleh, Aseel Abd, Aqeel Bedan Jul 2026

Experimental Investigation Of Dimensional Accuracy In Non-Traditional Sheet Metal Spinning Process For Producing Rectangular Spun Part, ِِAmmar Saleh, Aseel Abd, Aqeel Bedan

Engineering and Technology Journal

The non-conventional spinning process was adopted for producing polygons, but one of the process limitations is the error between design and the final product especially with no-mandrel. Dimensional accuracy was adopted for this purpose which gives an indicator of the ability of the formed part to matches the design and checking validated of the adopted methodology for producing rectangular cross-section spun parts, by comparing the coordinating points of real part with the points of the design model. The point of a real part was measured by using a sphere probe fixed on the three-axis milling machine and capturing the data …

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An Experimental Investigation Of The Dynamic Effects In Upper Drum Boiler Under Steam Mass Flow Rate Variation, Russul Mohammed, Hashim Hussein, Ali Numan Jul 2026

An Experimental Investigation Of The Dynamic Effects In Upper Drum Boiler Under Steam Mass Flow Rate Variation, Russul Mohammed, Hashim Hussein, Ali Numan

Engineering and Technology Journal

The dynamic effects in the “upper“ drum of the boiler (mechanical’s effects) are very complex problems and critical due to the pressure disturbance in the upper drum of the boiler. This work deals with an experimental investigation of the dynamic behavior of the boiler drum level system is reported from plant data (Al-Quds power plant) in Baghdad / Iraq under a particular condition of operating, and the mathematical equations of the boiler model variables explained and defined. The dynamic effects are investigated with increasing steam mass flow rate (10% and 20%) at the outlet of the boiler. The results showed …

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Effect Of Wavy Fins On Thermal Performance Of Double Pass Solar Air Heater, Jalal Jalil, Rasha Nothim, Mustafa Hameed Jul 2026

Effect Of Wavy Fins On Thermal Performance Of Double Pass Solar Air Heater, Jalal Jalil, Rasha Nothim, Mustafa Hameed

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, experimental study on double pass solar air heater with wavy fins absorber has been investigated. The fins attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the absorber. Two wavy fins arrangement (3 and 7 fins) have been investigated with plan absorber by changing solar radiation intensity (500, 600, 700 and 800 W/m2), air mass flow rate form 0.008575 kg/s to 0.0214375 kg/s. The results of wavy finned absorbers are compared with plane and the improving in thermal efficiency reached 80% and 84% in 3 and 7 wavy fins absorbers respectively.

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The Influence Of Ultrasonic Impact Peening On The Mechanical Properties Of Similar Friction Stir Welded Joints Of Aa 7075-T73, Abdul Ameer Jebur, Samir Amin, Ibtihal Mahmood Jul 2026

The Influence Of Ultrasonic Impact Peening On The Mechanical Properties Of Similar Friction Stir Welded Joints Of Aa 7075-T73, Abdul Ameer Jebur, Samir Amin, Ibtihal Mahmood

Engineering and Technology Journal

The purpose of this study is to study the ultrasonic peening influence upon the mechanical properties of the welded joints of 3 mm AA 7075-T73. Friction stir welding (FSW) was carried out by using milling machine and cylindrical tool with tapered pin. The used welding parameters were 710 rpm , 35 mm min for rotational and travel speed , respectively .Tensile tests results showed that the welding efficiency was about 60% for welded samples , and this value increased by using one and two lines ultrasonic peening treatment to 74% , and 71% , respectively , this improvement is due …

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Optimum Parameter Selection For Milling Different Laminate Composites Made By Hand Layup With Cnc Milling Machine, Ghadak Alkhafaji, Fathi Alshamma, Enas Khalid Jul 2026

Optimum Parameter Selection For Milling Different Laminate Composites Made By Hand Layup With Cnc Milling Machine, Ghadak Alkhafaji, Fathi Alshamma, Enas Khalid

Engineering and Technology Journal

Recently, composite materials were widely used in different applications due to their lightweight, and good thermal and mechanical properties. In this study, an attempt to manufacture laminate composites by hand layup was performed. Also, optimal parameters for the best surface roughness were investigated. Therefore, three parameters had been examined; spindle speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. The L9 Taguchi orthogonal array, signal to noise (S/N) ratio, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were selected to determine the optimum parameters. To create composites, the compression method was employed. Four different types of composites were manufactured with 2.8 mm thickness, to determine …

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Hot Spot Analysis Of Photovoltaic Module Under Partial Shading Conditions By Using Ir-Imaging Technology, Ali. Numan, Hashim Hussein, Zahraa Dawood Jul 2026

Hot Spot Analysis Of Photovoltaic Module Under Partial Shading Conditions By Using Ir-Imaging Technology, Ali. Numan, Hashim Hussein, Zahraa Dawood

Engineering and Technology Journal

The probable appearance of localized overheating (hot spot) represents one of the main matters for the reliability and safety of c-Si cells. It entails both a risk for the photovoltaic module's lifetime and a decrease in its operational efficiency. Partial shading is the most common cause of a hot spot in a PV system. The main aim of this work is to analyze the hotspot phenomena by I-V curve as well as IR thermography and investigate the impact of partial shading on the hottest cell experimentally to find its effect on the output power. The results show that at normal …

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Utilization Of Satellite Images-Based Indices For Assessment Of Al-Hammar Marsh Restoration Plan, Bayda Dhaidan, Imzahim Alwan, Mahmoud Al-Khafaji Jul 2026

Utilization Of Satellite Images-Based Indices For Assessment Of Al-Hammar Marsh Restoration Plan, Bayda Dhaidan, Imzahim Alwan, Mahmoud Al-Khafaji

Engineering and Technology Journal

Wetland landscape characterization is an important component of determining the degree to which wetlands improve environmental conditions. The present study aims to create a model used to automated extraction of the land cover of the western part of the Al-Hammar Marsh south of Iraq, and then monitor the change in land cover overtime. A model builder in ArcGIS created based on a series of spectral-based indices included the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI), and the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), the OLI satellite images from 2013 to 2020, ENVI 5.3 and ArcGIS 10.4 were …

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Shear Strength Of Reinforced Fibrous-Self Compacted Concrete Box Girder Using Recycled Concrete Aggregate, Mohammed Hadi, Eyad Sayhood, Ali Resheq Jul 2026

Shear Strength Of Reinforced Fibrous-Self Compacted Concrete Box Girder Using Recycled Concrete Aggregate, Mohammed Hadi, Eyad Sayhood, Ali Resheq

Engineering and Technology Journal

Protection of environmental and conservation of natural resources is a fundamental issue in today’s world. In this research, the shear behavior of reinforced concrete box girders with recycled aggregate (RA), steel fiber, and internal diaphragms were investigated. Eleven reinforced concrete box girders with typical longitudinal and transverse reinforcement were tested under two point loading until failure. The RA was prepared by crushing the collected waste of concrete from the laboratory test cylinders and cubes. The experimental variables considered include; RA percent of 50%, 75%, and 100%(replacing from NA), steel fiber with volumetric ratios (Vf) of 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2%, diaphragm …

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Evaluating The Use Of Eggshell Waste Ash In High Strength Concrete, Basim Amanah, Wasan Khalil Jul 2026

Evaluating The Use Of Eggshell Waste Ash In High Strength Concrete, Basim Amanah, Wasan Khalil

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study aims to determine the effect of incorporating eggshell waste as partial compensation from Portland cement material on high-strength concrete mixtures' performance. The properties studied are workability, compressive and flexural strengths, water absorption, dry density, and thermal conductivity. In the same trend, the environmental impact of the replacement mentioned above is evaluated. Four different weight percentages (0%,5%,10%,15%, and 20%) of the cement were replaced with eggshells ash. The results indicate that the incorporation of eggshell powder improves the compressive strength and flexural strength by about 14.7% and 6.5%, respectively, at 28days age over control concrete mixes at 15% replacement. …

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Improvement Of Soft Clayey Soil By Bio-Polymer, Teba Abd, Mohammed Fattah, Mohammed Aswad Jul 2026

Improvement Of Soft Clayey Soil By Bio-Polymer, Teba Abd, Mohammed Fattah, Mohammed Aswad

Engineering and Technology Journal

This examination explains the utilization of bio-polymer powder for clayey soil enhancement. The article concentrates around examining the strength attitude of the clayey soils built up with homogenous bio-polymer. Carboxy methyl cellulose was determined as bio-polymer material to build up the normal soft clayey soil. The biopolymer has been added to the soil with two separated rates (0.5 and 3%) by total weight of soil. Different tests were carried out to consider the impact of utilizing this polymer as a balancing out specialist on the geotechnical properties of soil. It was estimated that as the bio-polymer content expands in the …

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Determination Of Suitable Areas For Establishment Of Sports-City In Iraq's Center Using An Integrated Fuzzy Logic Algorithm And Geomatic Techniques, Haidar Mohammed Jul 2026

Determination Of Suitable Areas For Establishment Of Sports-City In Iraq's Center Using An Integrated Fuzzy Logic Algorithm And Geomatic Techniques, Haidar Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

In recent times, many cities have clustered new sports infrastructures in concentrated areas to create a sports city. Al Hillah City as one of the biggest cities in the center of Iraq, because of many components' countryside relocation and natural expansion of population, and other has been distinguished; extreme population expansion and lastly evolution in need of planning in some inner-city areas and places. Consequently, designated areas in terms of premier spatial allocation and appropriate location for users of general services; sports services that are rapid, on time, and at ease access to them are essential that are not considered. …

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Punching Shear Resistance Of Reinforced Concrete Flat Slabs Strengthened By Cfrp And Gfrp: A Review Of Literature, Hadi Al-Maliki, Ali Al-Balhawi, Asma Ali Jul 2026

Punching Shear Resistance Of Reinforced Concrete Flat Slabs Strengthened By Cfrp And Gfrp: A Review Of Literature, Hadi Al-Maliki, Ali Al-Balhawi, Asma Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

Flat reinforced concrete (RC) slabs or plates are still widely used in buildings and are most popular in single or multiple story floor construction systems. This is due to the ease and speed of implementation as well as the continuous smoothness that is provided in relation to the locations of members. Flat slab systems have an inadequate shear strength in both directions. Thus, they are subjected to a shear failure at their intersections with columns, which results in the collapse of a larger part of the structure. Shear failure occurs due to many reasons including changing the functions of the …

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