Using Thermally Coupled Reactive Distillation Columns In Biodiesel Production,
2011
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Using Thermally Coupled Reactive Distillation Columns In Biodiesel Production, Nghi Nguyen, Yaşar Demirel
Yaşar Demirel Publications
Production of ethyl dodecanoate (biodiesel) using lauric acid and methanol with a solid acid catalyst of sulfated zirconia is studied by using two distillation sequences. In the first sequence, the methanol recovery column follows the reactive distillation column. In the second sequence, the reactive distillation and methanol recovery columns are thermally coupled. Thermally coupled distillation sequences may consume less energy by allowing interconnecting vapor and liquid streams between the two columns to elminate reboiler or condenser or both. Here we study the thermally coupled side-stripper reactive distillation and eliminate the condenser of the reactive distillation column. Both the sequences are …
Streaming Potential Generated By A Pressure-Driven Flow Over Superhydrophobic Stripes,
2011
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Streaming Potential Generated By A Pressure-Driven Flow Over Superhydrophobic Stripes, Hui Zhao
Mechanical Engineering Faculty Research
The streaming potential generated by a pressure-driven flow over a weakly charged slip-stick surface [the zeta potential of the surface is smaller than the thermal potential (25 mV)] with an arbitrary double layer thickness is theoretically studied by solving the Debye–Huckel equation and Stokes equation. A series solution of the streaming potential is derived. Approximate expressions for the streaming potential in the limits of thin double layers and thick double layers are also given in excellent agreement with the full solution. To understand the impact of the slip, the streaming potential is compared against that over a homogeneously charged smooth …
Coupled Photonic Crystal Micro-Cavities With Ultra-Low Threshold Power For Stiumulated Raman Scattering,
2011
Old Dominion University
Coupled Photonic Crystal Micro-Cavities With Ultra-Low Threshold Power For Stiumulated Raman Scattering, Qiang Liu, Zhengbiao Ouyang, Sacharia Albin
Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
We propose coupled cavities to realize a strong enhancement of the Raman scattering. Five sub cavities are embedded in the photonic crystals. Simulations through finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method demonstrate that one cavity, which is used to propagate the pump beam at the optical-communication wavelength, has a Q factor as high as 1.254 × 108 and modal volume as small as 0.03μm3 (0.3192(λ/n)3). These parameters result in ultra-small threshold lasing power ~17.7nW and 2.58nW for Stokes and anti-Stokes respectively. The cavities are designed to support the required Stokes and anti-Stokes modal spacing in silicon. The proposed structure …
Upgrade A Medium Size Enterprise Power System With Wind And Solar Sources: Design, Financial And Environmental Perspectives,
2011
Edith Cowan University
Upgrade A Medium Size Enterprise Power System With Wind And Solar Sources: Design, Financial And Environmental Perspectives, Thair Mahmoud, Daryoush Habibi, Octavian Bass
Research outputs 2011
Efficient generation and distribution are crucial for economic power production. In this paper we discuss the planning and design of upgrading a medium size enterprise power system by installing Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), with particular emphasis on economic viability and environmental benefits. The planning for this project considers both conventional grid and SmartGrid connections. Project planning, installation challenges and governmental support of renewable energy projects in Australia are discussed. It is found that upgrading a medium size enterprise power system with DERs can yield reasonable levels of energy cost savings and greenhouse gas mitigation with both conventional grid and SmartGrid …
Tuning Fuzzy Systems To Achieve Economic Dispatch For Microgrids,
2011
Edith Cowan University
Tuning Fuzzy Systems To Achieve Economic Dispatch For Microgrids, Thair Mahmoud, Daryoush Habibi, Octavian Bass, Stefan W. Lachowicz
Research outputs 2011
In this paper, a Tuning Fuzzy System (TFS) is used to improve the energy demand forecasting for a medium-size microgrid. As a case study, the energy demand of the Joondalup Campus of Edith Cowan University (ECU) in Western Australia is modelled. The developed model is required to perform economic dispatch for the ECU microgrid in islanding mode. To achieve an active economic dispatch demand prediction model, actual load readings are considered. A fuzzy tuning mechanism is added to the prediction model to enhance the prediction accuracy based on actual load changes. The demand prediction is modelled by a Fuzzy Subtractive …
Power Quality Improvement In Autonomous Microgrid Operation Using Particle Swarm Optimization,
2011
Edith Cowan University
Power Quality Improvement In Autonomous Microgrid Operation Using Particle Swarm Optimization, Waleed Al-Saedi, Stefan W. Lachowicz, Daryoush Habibi, Octavian Bass
Research outputs 2011
This paper presents an optimal power control strategy for an autonomous microgrid operation based on a real-time self-tuning method. The purpose of this work is to improve the quality of power supply where Distributed Generation (DG) units are connected to the grid. Dynamic response and harmonics distortion are the two main performance parameters which are considered in this work, particularly when the microgrid is islanded. The controller scheme is composed of an inner current control loop and an outer power control loop based on a synchronous reference frame and the conventional PI regulators. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is an intelligent …
An Optimal Current Control Strategy For A Three-Phase Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System Using Particle Swarm Optimization,
2011
Edith Cowan University
An Optimal Current Control Strategy For A Three-Phase Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System Using Particle Swarm Optimization, Waleed Al-Saedi, Stefan W. Lachowicz, Daryoush Habibi
Research outputs 2011
A robust current control strategy for PV (photovoltaic) grid-connected systems is required for reliable use of solar energy as an abundant and clean renewable energy. This paper presents real time optimization parameters of the current control strategy for a 3-phase photovoltaic grid-connected Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) system. The proposed controller scheme is implemented based on a synchronous reference frame; the Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) is used as grid phase detector. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is an intelligent searching algorithm that is used to implement the real time self-tuning method for the current control parameters. Two conventional PI controllers are used …
Load Demand Forecasting: Model Inputs Selection,
2011
Edith Cowan University
Load Demand Forecasting: Model Inputs Selection, Thair Mahmoud, Daryoush Habibi, Octavian Bass, Stefan W. Lachowicz
Research outputs 2011
Developing a good demand forecasting model is the art of identifying the best modelling parameters. Improving the forecasting performance needs to study the input/output parameters of the system to identify the effective forecasting variables. In this paper, the energy demand of Joondalup Campus of Edith Cowan University (ECU) in Western Australia has been selected as a case study for the design and verification of a suitable forecasting model. Fuzzy Subtractive Clustering Method (FSCM) based Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is used as a proposed modelling network in this paper. Basically, three-input forecasting models have been developed based on 12-month …
Time-Varying Harmonic Analyzer Prototype,
2010
Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora
Time-Varying Harmonic Analyzer Prototype, Diego F. Fabri, Carlos H. N. Martins, Leandro R. M. Silva, Carlos A. Duque
University Faculty Publications and Creative Works
This paper presents a time-varying harmonic analyzer based on the Sliding Window DFT implemented on a DSP platform. The harmonic decomposition is carried out using the TMS320F28027 digital signal processor, and the samples of the decomposed signal are sent to a PC based computer using serial interface. Several real cases are analyzed, revealing the time-varying behavior of the harmonic component. Different from commercial harmonic analyzer, the prototype presented in this paper uses a different way to visualize the harmonic components, based on time decomposition approach. This new visualization of time-varying harmonics might help engineers and researchers to develop new insights …
Time-Varying Harmonic Analyzer Prototype,
2010
Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora
Time-Varying Harmonic Analyzer Prototype, Diego F. Fabri, Carlos H. N. Martins, Leandro R. M. Silva, Carlos A. Duque
University Faculty Publications and Creative Works
This paper presents a time-varying harmonic analyzer based on the Sliding Window DFT implemented on a DSP platform. The harmonic decomposition is carried out using the TMS320F28027 digital signal processor, and the samples of the decomposed signal are sent to a PC based computer using serial interface. Several real cases are analyzed, revealing the time-varying behavior of the harmonic component. Different from commercial harmonic analyzer, the prototype presented in this paper uses a different way to visualize the harmonic components, based on time decomposition approach. This new visualization of time-varying harmonics might help engineers and researchers to develop new insights …
Optimization Design Of Electrodes For Anode-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Via Genetic Algorithm,
2010
University of South Carolina - Columbia
Optimization Design Of Electrodes For Anode-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Via Genetic Algorithm, Junxiang Shi, Xingjian Xue
Faculty Publications
Porous electrode is the critical component of solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and provides a functional material backbone for multi-physicochemical processes. Model based electrode designs could significantly improve SOFC performance. This task is usually performed via parameter studies for simple case and assumed property distributions for graded electrodes. When nonlinearly coupled multiparameters of electrodes are considered, it could be very difficult for the model based parameter study method to effectively and systematically search the design space. In this research, the optimization approach with a genetic algorithm is demonstrated for this purpose. An anode-supported proton conducting SOFC integrated with a fuel supply …
The Generation Of Domestic Electricity Load Profiles Through Markov Chain Modelling,
2010
Technological University Dublin
The Generation Of Domestic Electricity Load Profiles Through Markov Chain Modelling, Fintan Mcloughlin, Aidan Duffy, Michael Conlon
Articles
Micro-generation technologies such as photovoltaics and micro-wind power are becoming increasing popular among homeowners, mainly a result of policy support mechanisms helping to improve cost competiveness as compared to traditional fossil fuel generation. National government strategies to reduce electricity demand generated from fossil fuels and to meet European Union 20/20/20 targets is driving this change. However, the real performance of these technologies in a domestic setting is not often known as high time resolution models for domestic electricity load profiles are not readily available. As a result, projections in terms of reducing electricity demand and financial paybacks for these micro-generation …
Model-Based Analysis Of Electric Drive Options For Medium-Duty Parcel Delivery Vehicles,
2010
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Model-Based Analysis Of Electric Drive Options For Medium-Duty Parcel Delivery Vehicles, Robb A. Barnitt, Aaron D. Brooker, Laurie Ramroth
Publications (T)
Medium-duty vehicles are used in a broad array of fleet applications, including parcel delivery. These vehicles are excellent candidates for electric drive applications due to their transient-intensive duty cycles, operation in densely populated areas, and relatively high fuel consumption and emissions. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) conducted a robust assessment of parcel delivery routes and completed a model-based techno-economic analysis of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) configurations. First, NREL characterized parcel delivery vehicle usage patterns, most notably daily distance driven and drive-cycle intensity. Second, drive-cycle analysis results framed the selection of drive cycles used …
Effect Of Impurities On Performance Of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Components,
2010
Clemson University
Effect Of Impurities On Performance Of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Components, Kitiya Hongsirikarn
All Dissertations
It is believed that proton–exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are going to be exploited as power generation devices for stationary, automotive, and portable applications in the near future because of their high performance and environmental friendliness. Up to the present, wide spread utilization of PEMFCs is not viable because of their cost and durability in the presence of fuel and oxidant stream impurities. These impurities include NH3, hydrocarbons, CO, CO2, halogenated compounds, cations, etc. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of these harmful contaminants containing in the H2 fuel stream on …
Effects Of Cloud-Induced Photovoltaic Power Transients On Power System Protection,
2010
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Effects Of Cloud-Induced Photovoltaic Power Transients On Power System Protection, Joel A. Nelson
Master's Theses
As the world strives towards finding alternative sources of power generation, photovoltaic generation has become an increasingly prevalent alternative energy source on power systems world-wide. This paper studies the effects that incorporating photovoltaic generation has on the existing power systems and their power system protection schemes. Along with the addition of this emerging alternative energy source comes the volatility of PV power generation as cloud-cover produces erratic variations in solar irradiance and PV power production. Such variations in PV power may lead to unfavorable operating conditions and power system failures. The issues addressed in this paper include a study of …
Energy Efficient Led Displays,
2010
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Energy Efficient Led Displays, John Mani Kumar Jupalli
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
In this research work, an innovative pixel architecture RGBW, consisting of red (R), green (G), blue (B), and white (W) LEDs, is designed and implemented for color generation. Energy consumption of new pixel architecture consisting of RGBW LEDs is compared to standard architecture consisting of RGB LEDs. Human perception experiments are conducted to study the differences in perception between the two architectures when the same colors are generated using RGBW vs. RGB. Measurements of power for a 32inch x 16inch LED display has proved up to 18% power savings for low saturated colors, up to 8% for high saturated colors …
The Sol-Gel Synthesis And Electrochemical Performance Of Li3V2(Po4)3/C Cathode Material For Lithium Ion Battery,
2010
Faculty of Material and Energy,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 518006,China;McNair Technology Co.Ltd,Dongguan 523800,Guangdong,China;
The Sol-Gel Synthesis And Electrochemical Performance Of Li3V2(Po4)3/C Cathode Material For Lithium Ion Battery, Li-Ying Liu, Lian Chen, Hai-Yan Zhang, Yu-Chun Zhai
Journal of Electrochemistry
Li3V2(PO4)3/C was synthesized by sol-gel method with citric acid as chelate and C sources. Physical and electrochemical performances of as-prepared materials were characterized through XRD, SEM and galvanostatic charge-discharge tests,etc. The results showed that products produced by calcining at 800 ℃ for 12 h had a single phase crystal structure and relatively small particle sizes with uniform distribution. At 0.1 C, 0.5 C and 1 C, the initial specific discharge capacities were 153.0, 143.1 and 130.6 mAh·g-1, respectively, and capacity efficiencies were 93.1%, 85.4% and 77.3% after 50 cycles, respectively. …
Photoelectrochemical Properties Of N, S, And Cl Modified Nano Tio2 Thin Films,
2010
Key Laboratory of Shanghai Colleges and Universities for Electric Power Corrosion Control and Applied Electrochemistry,Department of Energy Source and Environment Engineering,Shanghai University of Electric Power,Shanghai 200090,China;State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fujian,China;
Photoelectrochemical Properties Of N, S, And Cl Modified Nano Tio2 Thin Films, Hong Yun, Chang-Jian Lin, Jing Li, Rong-Gui Du
Journal of Electrochemistry
The nitrogen(N),sulfur(S) and chlorine(Cl) modified nano TiO2 thin films were prepared by adding Ti(O-n-Bu)4 as the precursor into concentrated HNO3,H2SO4 and HCl Solutions,respectively,on different substrates in a sol-gel process.The photoelectrochemical performances of N,S and Cl modified nano TiO2 thin films have been studied by UV-vis(DRS),photocurrent curves,EIS and OCP-time curves.N-modified TiO2 nano films show better surface structure,which helps to improve the quantum efficiency of nano TiO2 thin films.
Hydrothermal Reduction Synthesis Of Lifepo4 And Its Electrochemical Performance,
2010
The State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies,School of Physics and Engineering,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;
Hydrothermal Reduction Synthesis Of Lifepo4 And Its Electrochemical Performance, Hong-Li Zou, Guang-Hui Zhang, Pei-Kang Shen
Journal of Electrochemistry
The cathode materials of LiFePO4 were prepared via a hydrothermal reduction method using FeCl3 as Fe source and iron as a reducing agent.The results showed that ferric salt could be reduced to ferrous salt completely under the hydrothermal condition and pure-phase LiFePO4 was obtained based on the test results of XRD and FTIR.Carbon-coated LiFePO4 was synthesized by pyrolysisng glucose at high temperature.The morphologies of pure LiFePO4 displayed cluster-like while the LiFePO4/C displayed sphere-like particles.The electrochemical test showed that the LiFePO4/C had good rate performance,while LiFePO4 delivered much lower discharge capacity.
Effects Of Solvents And Electrolyte Salts On The Electrochemical Reduction Of Oxygen In Non-Aqueous Electrolytes,
2010
State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fujian,China;
Effects Of Solvents And Electrolyte Salts On The Electrochemical Reduction Of Oxygen In Non-Aqueous Electrolytes, Yan-Yan Tian, Wei Wu, Jun Gao, Yong Yang
Journal of Electrochemistry
The electrochemical reduction processes of oxygen in different non-aqueous solvents such as acetonitrile(MeCN),propylene carbonate(PC) and their mixtures were investigated by cyclic voltammetry method.The results indicated a one electron reduction of oxygen to O2-occured in these systems as a first step reduction,no matter whether in tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate(TBAPF6)/MeCN or TBAPF6/PC electrolyte.However,the CV curves in 0.1 mol·L-1 TBAPF6/MeCN showed a couple of reversible redox peaks,indicating that the reduction process of oxygen was irreversible in the 0.1 mol·L-1 TBAPF6/PC electrolyte.In the PC-based electrolyte,the reduction current peak reduced largely and the oxidation peak …
