Fugacity-Based Lattice Boltzmann Method For Multicomponent Multiphase Systems,
2023
Old Dominion University
Fugacity-Based Lattice Boltzmann Method For Multicomponent Multiphase Systems, Muzammil Soomro, Luis F. Ayala, Cheng Peng, Orlando M. Ayala
Engineering Technology Faculty Publications
The free-energy model can extend the lattice Boltzmann method to multiphase systems. However, there is a lack of models capable of simulating multicomponent multiphase fluids with partial miscibility. In addition, existing models cannot be generalized to honor thermodynamic information provided by any multicomponent equation of state of choice. In this paper, we introduce a free-energy lattice Boltzmann model where the forcing term is determined by the fugacity of the species, the thermodynamic property that connects species partial pressure to chemical potential calculations. By doing so, we are able to carry out multicomponent multiphase simulations of partially miscible fluids and generalize …
Teflon Replacement In Pans,
2023
The University of Akron
Teflon Replacement In Pans, Teodora Neamtu
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
The purpose of the project is to determine an optimal prepping method of common cooking oils for pans that will be as effective as Teflon non-stick pans. The reason for this is to replace Teflon coating in pans, which can be very toxic for humans and the environment. Teflon has been a common coating for non-stick surfaces that is useful when cooking things such as eggs. To determine an optimal cooking method, three different oils were used: olive oil, vegetable oil, and shortening. The oils were tested on an aluminum pan by cooking egg whites at various temperatures, cooking times, …
Investigations Of A Surrogate Fuel Based On Fischer-Tropsch Gtl And Ctl In Cvcc, Idi And Di Compression Ignition Engines,
2023
Georgia Southern University
Investigations Of A Surrogate Fuel Based On Fischer-Tropsch Gtl And Ctl In Cvcc, Idi And Di Compression Ignition Engines, Amanda C. Weaver
College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations
With the increase in availability, feedstocks, and properties of alternative fuels, compatibility issues emerge between current engine platforms often requiring a limit on the blend percentage of alternative fuel in conventional fuel or alteration to the engine platform. Two key metrics were identified, autoignition quality and lubrication characteristics, as vital for the proper function of a compression ignition engine, and if the blend of alternative fuels matches these two criteria for the diesel standard, then the resulting blend percentage can be considered as a viable alternative for complete replacement of conventional petroleum ULSD. Autoignition quality was matched using blends S-8, …
Evaluating The Impact Of Increased Cycling On Thermal Power Plants Due To Wind Energy Penetration In The Midwest: A Case Study,
2023
South Dakota State University
Evaluating The Impact Of Increased Cycling On Thermal Power Plants Due To Wind Energy Penetration In The Midwest: A Case Study, Joscelyne Larson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
One of the most significant shifts in the mix of U.S. electricity generation over the past few years has been the rapid expansion of renewable energy resources, especially solar and wind. However, fossil fuels are still necessary to fulfill the world’s energy requirements. Despite efforts to increase the use of renewable energy sources, these sources can be at times unreliable, causing countries around the world to continue to rely on base load units such as coal and natural gas. This decrease in fossil fuels and increase in renewable energy sources presents many complex issues in terms of power system planning, …
Techno-Economic Analysis And Optimization Of Hydrogen And Mechanical Energy Storage Systems,
2023
West Virginia University
Techno-Economic Analysis And Optimization Of Hydrogen And Mechanical Energy Storage Systems, Pavitra Senthamilselvan Sengalani
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The increasing significance of renewable energy sources is thrusting the load cycling of fossil-fueled power plants (FFPP), designed to operate under nominal-load conditions. Integration of energy storage systems (ESS) with the FFPPs such as hydrogen energy storage (HES) and mechanical energy storage facility such as compressed air energy storage (CAES) shows the potential to minimize the levelized cost of electricity during high demand scenarios and also minimize the negative impacts of off-design FFPP operation. The deployment of energy storage facilities at the FFPP level have considerable potential advantages as they can be exploited within the existing equipment items and facilities …
Combustion Characteristics Of Methane, Ethane, Propane, And Butane Blends Under Conditions Relevant Of A Dual-Fuel Diesel And Natural Gas Engine,
2023
West Virginia University
Combustion Characteristics Of Methane, Ethane, Propane, And Butane Blends Under Conditions Relevant Of A Dual-Fuel Diesel And Natural Gas Engine, Christopher Joseph Ulishney
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
As natural gas production infrastructure is already in place in most of the world and will continue expanding for the foreseeable future, natural gas is an alternative to traditional liquid petroleum fuels in heavy-duty engines. Dedicated natural gas or dual-fuel diesel-natural gas heavy-duty engines are alternatives to diesel-only power generation equipment. One challenge is the large variation in the natural gas composition available for such applications, which is known to significantly affect engine’s combustion characteristics and the emissions composition. As the literature on dual-fuel combustion under low load engine operating conditions that use more realistic natural gas mixtures (i.e., mixtures …
Molecular Understanding Of Zwitterions And Quantum Computing For Sustainability,
2023
University of Kentucky
Molecular Understanding Of Zwitterions And Quantum Computing For Sustainability, Manh Tien Nguyen
Theses and Dissertations--Chemical and Materials Engineering
The sustainable development of society needs sustainable energy solutions and the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. One key subject in this area is the development of safe and efficient ion-based batteries. Moreover, CO2 capture is a crucial pathway in mitigating emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels. Ongoing efforts are to improve both technologies' safety and efficiency. This thesis presents our efforts to conduct computational research on understanding advanced zwitterionic electrolytes and CO2 capture. Chapters 2-4 illustrate the computational research to understand ionic solvation in zwitterionic electrolytes. Solid-state electrolytes are essential for safer batteries. While solid polymer electrolytes …
Thermal Analysis Of Thermal Shield For Pip-Ii Ssr1 Cryomodule,
2023
Northern Illinois University
Thermal Analysis Of Thermal Shield For Pip-Ii Ssr1 Cryomodule, Victor Aguado Rodriguez
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
Fermilab's PIP-II project plans to enhance the onsite accelerator into the world's most intense neutrino beam, bringing Fermilab into the next generation of particle accelerators. The five different types of cryomodules are vital parts of the PIP-II project and each requires numerous engineering analyses to prove operation. For example, the thermal shield of the Single Spoke Resonator-1 (SSR1) cryomodule required a thermal analysis to ensure the design was operating as intended before fabrication commenced. The thermal shield is cooled by the supercritical helium inside of the extrusion and must remain between 45 and 80 Kelvin. The main purpose of the …
Evaluating Electrification Of Fossil Fuel-Fired Boilers For Decarbonization Using Discrete Event Simulation,
2023
West Virginia University
Evaluating Electrification Of Fossil Fuel-Fired Boilers For Decarbonization Using Discrete Event Simulation, Nahian Ismail Chowdhury
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Decarbonizing fossil fuel usage is crucial in mitigating the impacts of climate change. CO2, which comprises the major portion of greenhouse gas, is emitted from burning fossil fuels. One of the significant sources of fossil fuel user is industrial process heating, and most of the heating in industrial processes is achieved through boilers. Electrification is a promising solution for decarbonizing these boilers, as it enables renewable energy sources to generate electricity, which can then be used to power the electric boilers. The electrification of boilers can reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve air quality, and increase energy efficiency. However, it requires …
Structure And Dynamics Of Lignin In Condensed Phase For Biomass Conversion,
2022
Mississippi State University
Structure And Dynamics Of Lignin In Condensed Phase For Biomass Conversion, Nusrat Jahan
Theses and Dissertations
Lignocellulosic biomass represents the largest potential volume and lowest cost for biofuel and biochemical production. Harnessing the full potential of the lignocellulosic biomass for low-carbon energy requires the knowledge of efficient breakdown and fractionation of its carbohydrates and lignin. Organic solvent pretreatment is recognized as an emerging way ahead because of its inherent advantages, such as the ability to fractionate lignocellulosic biomass into cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose components with high purity, as well as easy solvent recovery and solvent reuse. Through all-atom MD simulation, we analyze the conformational transition of diverse lignin molecules in varying concentration of Methanol/water , DMSO/water …
Elucidation Of Active Site And Mechanism Of Metal Catalysts Supported In Nu-1000,
2022
Clemson University
Elucidation Of Active Site And Mechanism Of Metal Catalysts Supported In Nu-1000, Hafeera Shabbir
All Dissertations
Advances in extraction of shale oil and gas has increased the production of geographically stranded natural gas (primarily consisting of methane (C1) and ethane (C2)) that is burned on site. A potential utilization strategy for shale gas is to convert it into fuel range hydrocarbons by catalytic dehydrogenation followed by oligomerization by direct efficient catalysts. This work focuses on understanding metal cation catalysts supported on metal-organic framework (MOF) NU-1000 that will actively and selectively do this transformation under mild reaction conditions, while remaining stable to deactivation (via metal agglomeration or sintering). I built computational models validated by experimental methods to …
Generation Of Phase Transitions Boundaries Via Convolutional Neural Networks,
2022
University of Texas at El Paso
Generation Of Phase Transitions Boundaries Via Convolutional Neural Networks, Christopher Alexis Ibarra
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Accurate mapping of phase transitions boundaries is crucial in accurately modeling the equation of state of materials. The phase transitions can be structural (solid-solid) driven by temperature or pressure or a phase change like melting which defines the solid-liquid melt line. There exist many computational methods for evaluating the phase diagram at a particular point in temperature (T) and pressure (P). Most of these methods involve evaluation of a single (P,T) point at a time. The present work partially automates the search for phase boundaries lines utilizing a machine learning method based on convolutional neural networks and an efficient search …
Detectability Of Wormholes Through Various Methods,
2022
University of North Florida
Detectability Of Wormholes Through Various Methods, Jonathan W. Keathley
PANDION: The Osprey Journal of Research and Ideas
There are three methods that can possibly detect wormholes: Negative Temperature, Hawking/ Phantom Radiation, and Kα iron emission lines. This paper discusses whether or not any of these three methods are useful ways to detect wormholes with today’s technology and if so, which one is the best and which is the worst. As it turns out, all of these methods have their flaws and impracticalities. After looking through all the evidence and comparing it to what capabilities we have currently, there is clearly a best and worst method. The best method to detect possible wormhole candidates is through the detection …
Droplet-Based Two-Phase Thermal Management,
2022
Washington University in St. Louis
Droplet-Based Two-Phase Thermal Management, Junhui Li
McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations
The rapid development of electronic systems with ever-higher power densities in a wide range of applications requires new advanced thermal management methods. Droplet-based two-phase thermal management technologies are considered promising solutions to conquer the cooling challenges in the electronic industries. The heat transfer behavior of droplets is based on several important fundamental processes, such as droplet evaporation, droplet impact on heated surfaces, and molten droplet impact. In this dissertation, four research projects are completed to explore the insights of these fundamental processes. For droplet evaporation, I introduce an investigation of diffusion confinement of droplets evaporating on a supported pillar structure. …
Droplet Dynamics And Heat Transfer During Condensation On Lubricant-Infused Surfaces,
2022
Washington University in St. Louis
Droplet Dynamics And Heat Transfer During Condensation On Lubricant-Infused Surfaces, Jianxing Sun
McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations
Inspired by pitcher plants, a micro/nano- structured solid surface infused with low-surface-tension lubricant constitutes a novel class of biomimetic surfaces—lubricant-infused surfaces (LISs). Unlike solid hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces, a LIS is “hemi-solid and hemi-liquid”. The thin lubricating film can extraordinarily decrease adhesion and avoid contact line pinning between the working fluid and the underlying solid, displaying many desirable properties, such as excellent liquid repellency, suppression of fouling, and self-healing. Hence, LISs are ideal for applications where liquids or contaminants must be efficiently removed from surfaces in harsh environments. For example, LISs can promote stable dropwise condensation of water or low-surface-tension …
Study Of Thermoelectric And Lattice Dynamics Properties Of 2d Layered Mx (M = Sn, Pb; X = S, Se, Te) And Zrs2 Compounds Using First-Principles Approach,
2022
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Study Of Thermoelectric And Lattice Dynamics Properties Of 2d Layered Mx (M = Sn, Pb; X = S, Se, Te) And Zrs2 Compounds Using First-Principles Approach, Abhiyan Pandit
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The aim of this dissertation is the investigation of thermoelectric and lattice dynamics properties of two-dimensional (2D) MX (M = Sn, Pb; X = S, Se, Te) and ZrS2 compounds based on the first-principles density functional theory. The dimensionality reduction (e.g., using 2D structure) of bulk materials is found to have enhanced thermoelectric efficiency. This enhancement is attributed to the increase of the Seebeck coefficient as a result of higher electronic density of states near the Fermi level in low-dimensional materials. In addition, lowering the dimensionality increases phonon scattering near interfaces and surfaces in 2D materials, which leads to a …
Fabrication Of Nb3Sn By Magnetron Sputtering For Superconducting Radiofrequency Application,
2022
Old Dominion University
Fabrication Of Nb3Sn By Magnetron Sputtering For Superconducting Radiofrequency Application, Md Nizam Sayeed
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Particle accelerators are considered as an important device that has wide applications in cancer treatment, sterilizing waste, preserving foods, ion implantation in semiconductor industry, and in production of isotopes for medical applications. Superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) cavities are the building blocks of a linear particle accelerator. Current particle accelerators use niobium (Nb) superconductors as the sheet material to fabricate a single SRF cavity for particle acceleration. With better superconducting properties (critical temperature Tc ~ 18.3 K, superheating field Hsh~ 400 mT), Nb3Sn is considered a potential candidate in SRF technology. Magnetron sputtering is a promising deposition …
Optimization Of Styrene From Ethylbenzene Case Study,
2022
University of Mississippi
Optimization Of Styrene From Ethylbenzene Case Study, Jabria Daria Thompson
Honors Theses
The following pages detail the optimization process of styrene from ethylbenzene in the Styrene Production Plant, Unit 500. There were two parts of the assignment, each with slightly different end goals. The goal of the first part of the assignment, was to create a process that would effectively and efficiently increase the negative Net Present Value (NPV) of the production plant. Procedures taken in this process included developing a working kinetic process simulation model and optimizing this model through unit operations and heat integration, as well as developing an accurate economic model that will be used to evaluate the proposed …
The Design And Economic Optimization Of A Warehouse Refrigeration System,
2022
University of Mississippi
The Design And Economic Optimization Of A Warehouse Refrigeration System, Hannah Talbot
Honors Theses
The purpose of this project was to design a cool warehouse refrigeration system for Acme Frozen Foods, Inc located in Newark, New Jersey. The refrigeration system was used to cool eighteen 300,000 ft3 refrigerated units (200 ft x 100 ft x 15 ft), each requiring 200 cooling tons of refrigeration at a level of 0 F. The scope of this project included determining the appropriate refrigeration cycle, selecting the most desirable refrigerant, and temperature ranges to optimize the performance of the system. This project also considered the economic cost of the power needed to run the refrigerated units and …
Free Convection Heat Transfer From Plates,
2022
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Free Convection Heat Transfer From Plates, Alexa Moreno
Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
The purpose of this honors thesis is to create an experiment for the CHEG Lab I course. This report explains the motivation for creating this heat convection experiment, the results of performing the experiment, and provides recommendations for future work on this experiment. Multiple experiments were performed to assess materials and parameters to be investigated. It was determined that a 0.5” plate has smaller percent error and accommodates for the desired timeframe for a Lab I experiment compared to the first plate used (1.5” thickness). Recommendations for expanding on this project include adding experiments using vertical geometry for heat convection …
