An Oxidase-Based Electrochemical Fluidic Sensor With High-Sensitivity And Low-Interference By On-Chip Oxygen Manipulation,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
An Oxidase-Based Electrochemical Fluidic Sensor With High-Sensitivity And Low-Interference By On-Chip Oxygen Manipulation, Nitin Radhakrishnan, Jongwon Park, Chang Soo Kim
Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Utilizing a simple fluidic structure, we demonstrate the improved performance of oxidase-Based enzymatic biosensors. Electrolysis of water is utilized to generate bubbles to manipulate the oxygen microenvironment close to the biosensor in a fluidic channel. for the proper enzyme reactions to occur, a simple mechanical procedure of manipulating bubbles was developed to maximize the oxygen level while minimizing the pH change after electrolysis. the sensors show improved sensitivities based on the oxygen dependency of enzyme reaction. in addition, this oxygen-rich operation minimizes the ratio of electrochemical interference signal by ascorbic acid during sensor operation (i.e., amperometric detection of hydrogen peroxide). …
Computational Modeling Of Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes,
2012
Florida Institute of Technology
Computational Modeling Of Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes, Nathaniel Lee Miller
Theses and Dissertations
Ab initio self-consistent field (SCF) molecular orbital calculations were performed employing various basis sets to computationally predict methods to functionalize and solubilize carbon nanotubes. The structure and Restricted Hartree-Fock (RHF) or “total” energies of functionalized nanotubes of various configurations were determined via theoretical calculations. Total energies were used to determine preferences for adsorption on nanotube sur-faces. Various diameter carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were tested to determine where a transition from a non-wrapping to a wrapping approach was found likely to occur as a function of diameter. Further refinements to this method could be used to explore additional interactions as nanotube diameter …
Examination Of The Migratory Potential Of Patterned Cortical Neurons Using Laser Direct-Write,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Examination Of The Migratory Potential Of Patterned Cortical Neurons Using Laser Direct-Write, T. B. Phamduy, C. J. Rivet, D. Kingsley, R. J. Gilbert, D. B. Chrisey
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
We describe the patterning of neuronal cultures by a laser-based printing system. Embryonic chick cortical neurons were transferred into predetermined array positions with micron accuracy, enabling detailed study of neuronal migration, aggregation, and neurite outgrowth regulated by cell-cell interactions on a homogeneous surface. Images of cells were analyzed up to 14 days. Results demonstrated that increasing the spacing between neighboring groups of cells causes intra-group cells to preferentially migrate towards each other and aggregate towards the center of the printed 'spot'. In addition, increasing the printed 'spot' size encouraged migration towards neighboring groups of cells. © 2012 IEEE.
The Structural Characterization Of Ga 2o 3-Na 2o-Cao-Zno-Sio 2 Bioactive Glasses,
2012
Missouri Univerity of Science and Technology
The Structural Characterization Of Ga 2o 3-Na 2o-Cao-Zno-Sio 2 Bioactive Glasses, T. J. Keenan, A. W. Wren, A. Coughlan, M. M. Hall, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The characterization of bioactive glasses in which zinc (Zn) has been incrementally replaced by gallium (Ga). © 2012 IEEE.
Silver Coated Bioactive Glass Particles For Wound Healing Applications,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Silver Coated Bioactive Glass Particles For Wound Healing Applications, P. Hassanzadeh, A. W. Wren, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Hench and colleagues discovered that bone could bond chemically to certain glass compositions in 1969 [1]. This group of glasses is known as bioactive glasses [1]. Some special compositions of bioactive glasses will bond to soft tissues as well as bone [1]. One of the important characteristics of bioactive glasses is their ability to release beneficial ions such as Ca2+, Na+, Zn2+, Sr2+, and PO 43- in the body, which promote self-healing [2]. Bioactive glasses generally contain much less glass former (e.g., SiO2, B2O3 etc.) than conventional …
Increasing The Quantity Of Silver In Zinc-Based Glass Polyalkenoate Cement: Is There An Improvement In Antibacterial Efficacy?,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Increasing The Quantity Of Silver In Zinc-Based Glass Polyalkenoate Cement: Is There An Improvement In Antibacterial Efficacy?, A. Coughlan, S. M. Breed, C. Ashraf, J. A. Cardinale, M. M. Hall, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Bone cements should have the ability to chemically bond to both bone and surgical metals, exhibit no chemical or thermal necrosis, and have no significant shrinkage or exotherm upon setting. Taking these properties into consideration, glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs) have potential as bone cements. GPCs are formed by the reaction between an ion-leachable glass and an aqueous solution of polyacrylic acid (PAA) [1] and have proven antibacterial and cariostatic properties [2], which are related to their ability to release beneficial amounts of ions over time [3, 4]. The GPCs can be formulated to release ions that can have a therapeutic …
Gallium Containing Glass Polyalkenoate Bone Cements: Glass Characterization And Physical Properties,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Gallium Containing Glass Polyalkenoate Bone Cements: Glass Characterization And Physical Properties, L. Placek, A. W. Wren, A. Coughlan, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Gallium (Ga) glasses were developed to formulate a Glass Polyalkenoate Cement (GPC) series with both E9 and E11 polyacrylic acid (PAA) at 50, 55 and 60wt% additions. Working times (T w), setting times (T s), compression (σ c), and biaxial flexural (σ f) strength testing were evaluated to determine the GPCs potential use in orthopedics. © 2012 IEEE.
An Overview Of Electrode Materials In Microbial Fuel Cells,
2012
Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Ecological Diagnosis-Remediation and Pollution Control, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China;
An Overview Of Electrode Materials In Microbial Fuel Cells, Su-Qin Ci, Na Wu, Zhen-Hai Wen, Jing-Hong Li
Journal of Electrochemistry
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are devices that can directly convert organic chemical energy into electrical energy with microbial as catalysts. MFCs are a promising bio-electrochemical system with the potential to degrade organic sewage and produce electricity. This article supplies a critical and comprehensive review for the electrode materials concerning about anode and cathode in MFCs, including the fabrications, functional modifications and surface constructions of electrode materials, as well as their applications in MFCs. Additionally, the existing problems of electrode materials in current MFCs have been demonstrated in order to provide the guideline for exploring the next-generation electrode materials for MFCs.
The Electrocatalytic Performance Of Pd Catalysts Supported On Pvp Modified Mwcnts For Formic Acid Oxidation,
2012
1. State Key Laboratory of Electro-Analytical Chemistry, Laboratory of Advaneed Power Sources .Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Aeademy of Seienees, Changchun 130022, China; 2. Graduate School ofthe Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
The Electrocatalytic Performance Of Pd Catalysts Supported On Pvp Modified Mwcnts For Formic Acid Oxidation, Jing Zhang, Xiao Zhao, Chang-Peng Liu, Wei Xing
Journal of Electrochemistry
In this paper the MWCNTs were modified by Poly (N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) to support Pd nanoparticles, which were used as the catalyst for formic acid electrooxidation. And the performance of Pd/PVP-MWCNTs catalysts was studied by electrochemical measurements. The observations from Fourier transforms infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) illustrated that the Pd nanoparticles with a small size and narrow size distribution were highly dispersed on PVP-MWCNT support. Therefore, the Pd/PVP-MWCNTs catalysts showed excellent catalytic activity for formic acid electrooxidation.
Methodological Significance Of "Property-Activity Relationship" For Catalyst Studies,
2012
Hubei Key Lab ofElectrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Moleeular Sciences, Wuhan lniversity, Wuhan 430072, China
Methodological Significance Of "Property-Activity Relationship" For Catalyst Studies, Jun-Tao Lu, Li Xiao, De-Li Wang, Yu-Bao Sun, Yan-Ge Suo, Lin Zhuang
Journal of Electrochemistry
Instead of attempting the structure-activity relationship (SAR), which is commonly regarded as the core problem for catalyst studies, this paper highlights the methodological significance of “property-activity relationship (PAR)”. The “property” here refers to an index （such as the adsorption energy of an intermediate） or a group of indexes reflecting the behavior of a catalyst which interacts with reactants or intermediates, and is a bridge between structure and activity. Because property is related to activity more directly than structure to activity, PAR should be simpler, less difficult and, therefore, more feasible to be accessed than SAR. Once the key property is …
Synthesis Of Spherical Ni3S4 By Solvothermal Method As Supercapacitor Electrodes,
2012
Institute of New Energy and Material Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy MaterialsChemistry-Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071,China
Synthesis Of Spherical Ni3S4 By Solvothermal Method As Supercapacitor Electrodes, Qing-Na Huan, Li-Fang Jiao, Qing-Hong Wang, Hong-Mei Du, Jia-Qin Yang, Wen-Xiu Peng, Yi-Jing Wang, Hua-Tang Yuan
Journal of Electrochemistry
The Ni3S4 microspheres have been synthesized via a facile solvothermal method. The crystal structure and surface morphology are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microspherical Ni3S4 exhibits good electrochemical capacitance validated by electrochemical measurements. The specific capacities of 1120.6 F∙g-1 at 0.5 A∙g-1 and 433.4 F∙g-1 at 4 A∙g-1 with the capacitance retention of 89.37 % and 84.88 % were obtained after 1000 cycles, respectively. The electrochemical reaction is expected due to the transformation of Ni(OH)2 and NiOOH based on the XRD, XPS and CV …
Multiple Molecule Effects On The Cooperativity Of Protein Folding Transitions In Simulations,
2012
Brigham Young University
Multiple Molecule Effects On The Cooperativity Of Protein Folding Transitions In Simulations, Jacob I. Lewis, Devin J. Moss, Thomas A. Knotts Iv
Faculty Publications
Though molecular simulation of proteins has made notable contributions to the study of protein folding and kinetics, disagreement between simulation and experiment still exists. One of the criticisms levied against simulation is its failure to reproduce cooperative protein folding transitions. This weakness has been attributed to many factors such as a lack of polarizability and adequate capturing of solvent effects. This work, however, investigates how increasing the number of proteins simulated simultaneously can affect the cooperativity of folding transitions — a topic that has received little attention previously. Two proteins are studied in this work: phage T4 lysozyme (Protein Data …
Performance Characteristics Of Lithium Coin Cells For Use In Wireless Sensing Systems,
2012
Brigham Young University - Provo
Performance Characteristics Of Lithium Coin Cells For Use In Wireless Sensing Systems, Yin Zhang
Theses and Dissertations
Understanding the pulsed discharge behavior of low-rate lithium coin cells in wireless sensing systems is critical to prolong the operating life and/or reduce the size of battery-powered WSs. This dissertation presents the battery transient analysis for a sensor duty cycle, experimental studies for sustained pulse discharge cycling, and investigation on recharge strategies for a battery/power harvesting hybrid system for WSs. The transient behavior of the lithium coin cells during pulse discharge and subsequent relaxation was investigated with single-pulse experiments and theoretical analysis. The voltage response for a pulsed discharge had two parts: a region of rapid voltage change and a …
Clay Minerals For Nanocomposites And Biotechnology: Surface Modification, Dynamics And Responses To Stimuli,
2012
University of Akron Main Campus
Clay Minerals For Nanocomposites And Biotechnology: Surface Modification, Dynamics And Responses To Stimuli, Hendrik Heinz
College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering
Clay minerals find a wide range of application in composites, paints, drilling liquids, cosmetics, and medicine. This article reviews chemical and physical properties of natural and organically modified clay minerals to understand the nanometre-scale structure, surface characteristics, and application in functional materials. The relation between fundamental properties and materials design is emphasized and illustrated by examples. The discussion comprises the following: an overview; surface structure and cation density; solubility and solubility reversal by surface modification; the degree of covalent and ionic bonding represented by atomic charges; the distribution of metal substitution sites; measurements and simulations of interfacial properties at the …
Determination Of Phase Equilibria And The Critical Point Using Two-Phase Molecular Dynamics Simulations With Monte Carlo Sampling,
2012
Brigham Young University - Provo
Determination Of Phase Equilibria And The Critical Point Using Two-Phase Molecular Dynamics Simulations With Monte Carlo Sampling, Sonal Patel
Theses and Dissertations
The two-phase MD technique employed in this work determines the liquid and vapor phase densities from a histogram of molecular densities within phase clusters in the simulation cell using a new Monte Carlo (MC) sampling method. These equilibrium densities are then fitted in conjunction with known critical-point scaling laws to obtain the critical temperature, and the critical density. This MC post-processing method was found to be more easily implemented in code, and it is efficient and easily applied to complex, structured molecules. This method has been successfully applied and benchmarked for a simple Lennard-Jones (LJ) fluid and a structured molecule, …
Chemical Potential Perturbation: A Method To Predict Chemical Potential Using Molecular Simulations,
2012
Brigham Young University - Provo
Chemical Potential Perturbation: A Method To Predict Chemical Potential Using Molecular Simulations, Stan G. Moore
Theses and Dissertations
A new method, called chemical potential perturbation (CPP), has been developed to predict the chemical potential as a function of composition in molecular simulations. The CPP method applies a spatially varying external potential to the simulation, causing the composition to depend upon position in the simulation cell. Following equilibration, the homogeneous chemical potential as a function of composition can be determined relative to some reference state after correcting for the effects of the inhomogeneity of the system. The CPP method allows one to predict chemical potential for a wide range of composition points using a single simulation and works for …
A New Assessment Method To Easily Identify Areas Needing Improvement In Course-Level Learning Outcomes,
2012
Brigham Young University
A New Assessment Method To Easily Identify Areas Needing Improvement In Course-Level Learning Outcomes, Thomas Knotts, W. Vincent Wilding, William G. Pitt, Morris D. Argyle
Faculty Publications
A New Assessment Method to Easily Identify Areas Needing Improvement Course‐level Learning Outcomes Thomas A. Knotts IV, W. Vincent Wilding, William G. Pitt, and Morris D. Argyle Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University Assessment of student proficiency in expected outcomes, whether on the course or program level, is an important aspect of curriculum development in engineering programs. The reasons for such assessment range from desires to improve student learning to fulfilling requirements of various accreditation bodies. But regardless of the reasons, the challenge is to develop suitable metrics which can clearly identify areas which need improvement. In order to …
Developing And Assessing Leadership In Engineering Students,
2012
Brigham Young University - Provo
Developing And Assessing Leadership In Engineering Students, W. Vincent Wilding, Thomas A. Knotts, William G. Pitt, Morris D. Argyle
Faculty Publications
Developing and Assessing Leadership in Engineering Students W. Vincent Wilding, Thomas A. Knotts IV, William G. Pitt, and Morris D. Argyle Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University The Ira A. Fulton College of Engineering and Technology at Brigham Young University is focusing on five initiatives: Leadership, Innovation, Global Awareness, Character, Technical Excellence. Efforts in the realm of leadership include freshmen leadership seminars and a required sophomore course entitled Global Leadership in a Technological World. Departments within the college are expected to build on this foundation in the junior and senior years. The Chemical Engineering Department has developed an effective …
Review Of Corrosion Aspects Of Compression Ignition Engine Parts Using Biodiesel Blends,
2012
Banaras Hindu University
Review Of Corrosion Aspects Of Compression Ignition Engine Parts Using Biodiesel Blends, B. Singh, John Korstad, Y. C. Sharma
College of Science and Engineering Faculty Research and Scholarship
This paper reviews the effects of corrosion on the engine parts that come in contact with a newly developed biodiesel fuel and its petrodiesel blend. Copper, aluminum, copper alloys (bronze), and elastomers caused significant levels of corrosiveness in biodiesel and biodiesel blend as opposed to low corrosion with petrodiesel. Specimens of stainless steel showed significant resistance to corrosion in biodiesel samples as compared to copper, aluminum, and copper alloys, but the level of corrosion was still higher than that in petrodiesel. Common methods adopted for measurement of corrosion include weight loss through static emersion tests, and electrochemical techniques by electrochemical …
Fiber Optic Monitoring Of Subsea Equipment,
2012
Astro Technology
Fiber Optic Monitoring Of Subsea Equipment, David Brower, John Hedengren, Cory Loegering, Alexis Brower, Karl Witherow, Karl Winter
Faculty Publications
Bass Lite deepwater field in the Gulf of Mexico, at water depths of approximately 2,050 m (6,750 feet), commenced operation in February 2008. Natural gas is produced from Bass Lite via a 90-km (56-mile) subsea tieback to the Devils Tower Spar. This project involved several innovations, one of which was the incorporation of a fiber optic sensing system that measures realtime temperature, pressure and strain along the pipeline length. This is a first of its kind innovation that is in actual operation.
