Chemical Engineering Commons^™

Membrane Separation Of Cu-67 For Use In Theranostics, Benjamin Fugate, Maura Sepesy, Kevin Pataroque, Christine Duval

Intersections Fall 2020

Because of its β− and γ decay routes, 67Cu is a very promising radioisotope for use in theranostic cancer treatments. Currently, 67Cu is produced through the irradiation of either 68Zn or 67Zn in a cyclotron, a traditional nuclear reactor or a linear electron accelerator. Once formed, a small amount of copper (nanograms) has to be separated from the large amount of remaining zinc (grams) and undesired byproduct isotopes such as 66Ga, 67Ga, 64Cu, 61Cu, 58Co. Currently, such separations are performed in resin-packed columns and can require 4 h to purify a 5 g target. These procedures may involve multiple columns …

Capillary And Microchip Electrophoresis For The Monitoring Of Disease Causing Amyloid Proteins, Elizabeth Nancy Pryor

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The detection of oligomers and aggregates formed by two amyloid proteins, insulin and amyloid-beta (AB), is of particular importance due to the role which these species play in Diabetes and Alzheimer's disease, respectively. However, existing techniques are limited in the ability to detect insulin and AB; oligomers due to the fact that these early aggregates are transient, present at low concentrations, and difficult to isolate. Improvements must be made to existing techniques or alternative techniques must be explored in order to identify and quantify the size of these oligomeric and aggregate species without disrupting their structure.

Capillary and microchip electrophoresis …

Colorimetric Oxygen Imaging And Quantification With Easily Accessible Optical Devices, Satya Achanta, Sanghan Park, Chang-Soo Kim

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Optical oxygen imaging is essential in monitoring two-dimensional analysis of oxygen distribution. Two easily accessible optical devices were used for oxygen analysis to demonstrate the feasibility of an innovatively simple method. a light panel screen with light-emitting diode (LED) backlight was used as a light source to excite a luminophore film responsive to oxygen. Meso-scale fluidic sensor platform was prepared using porphyrin complex (PtOEP) as the luminophore embedded within ethyl cellulose (EC) polymer matrix. Green LED light uniformly displayed from the light panel excited the luminophore film to exhibit two-dimensional luminescence distribution corresponding to wet gaseous oxygen. a color camera …

Gravure Printability Of Indium Tin Oxide Nanoparticles On Glass And Pet Films For Applications In Printed Electronics, Dania Awni Alsaid

Dissertations

The advancements in the field of solution processable electro-active materials and their ability to be printed on different substrates have led to the evolution of printed electronics. In this field, electronic components are manufactured with conventional printing methods. Transparent electrodes made from indium tin oxide (ITO) are part of many electronic devices. Currently in industry, highly conductive ITO films are prepared by sputtering. The sputtering and then patterning of ITO films is a sophisticated process that consumes high energy, generates waste and produces films with limited flexibility. Therefore, there is a need to investigate processing methods for creating ITO films …

Fabrication Of Cao-Nao-Sio2/Tio2 Scaffolds For Surgical Applications, A. W. Wren, A. Coughlan, K. E. Smale, S. T. Misture, B. P. Mahon, O. M. Clarkin, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A series of titanium (Ti) based glasses were formulated (0.62 SiO₂-0.14 Na₂O-0.24 CaO, with 0.05 mol% TiO₂ substitutions for SiO₂) to develop glass/ceramic scaffolds for bone augmentation. Glasses were initially characterised using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and particle size analysis, where the starting materials were amorphous with 4.5 μm particles. Hot stage microscopy and high temperature XRD were used to determine the sintering temperature (̃700 °C) and any crystalline phases present in this region (Na₂Ca₃Si₆O₁₆, combeite and quartz). Hardness testing revealed that the Ti-free control (ScC- …

Gas Adsorption In Novel Environments, Including Effects Of Pore Relaxation, W. Milton Cole, Silvina M. Gatica, Hye Young Kim, Angela D. Lueking, Sarmishtha Sircar

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Adsorption experiments have been interpreted frequently with simplified model geometries, such as ideally flat surfaces and slit or cylindrical pores. Recent explorations of unusual environments, such as fullerenes and metal-organic-framework materials, have led to a broadened scope of experimental, theoretical and simulation investigations. This paper reviews a number of such studies undertaken by our group. Among the topics receiving emphasis are these: universality of gas uptake in pores, relaxation of a porous absorbent due to gas uptake and the novel phases of gases on a single nanotube, all of which studies have been motivated by recent experiments.

A Mechanistic Model Of Early Fcεri Signaling: Lipid Rafts And The Question Of Protection From Dephosphorylation, Dipak Barua, Byron Goldstein

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We present a model of the early events in mast cell signaling mediated by FcεRI where the plasma membrane is composed of many small ordered lipid domains (rafts), surrounded by a non-order region of lipids consisting of the remaining plasma membrane. The model treats the rafts as transient structures that constantly form and breakup, but that maintain a fixed average number per cell. The rafts have a high propensity for harboring Lyn kinase, aggregated, but not unaggregated receptors, and the linker for the activation of T cells (LAT). Phosphatase activity in the rafts is substantially reduced compared to the nonraft …

Pvt Study Of Selected Uae Reservoir Fluids, Rashid Sher Mohammad

Theses

Phase behavior modeling in crude oil includes prediction of thermodynamic properties (such as saturation pressure, density, viscosity, thermal conductivity, etc.) for the vapor and liquid phases. The aim of phase behavior modeling is to establish the accuracy and reliability of the developed equation of state model to predict various other fluid phase behavior properties at high pressure and temperature conditions.

In the first part of this work, a new and reliable phase behavior apparatus designed in Brazil was used for the two-stage recombination process and phase behavior measurements. The recombination of the surface sample fluids (first-stage separator gas and stock-tank …

Modeling, Fabrication And Characterization Of Scalable Electroless Gold Plated Nanostructures For Enhanced Surface Plasmon Resonance, Gyoung Gug Jang

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The scientific and industrial demand for controllable thin gold (Au) film and Au nanostructures is increasing in many fields including opto-electronics, photovoltaics, MEMS devices, diagnostics, bio-molecular sensors, spectro-/microscopic surfaces and probes. In this study, a novel continuous flow electroless (CF-EL) Au plating method is developed to fabricate uniform Au thin films in ambient condition. The enhanced local mass transfer rate and continuous deposition resulting from CF-EL plating improved physical uniformity of deposited Au films and thermally transformed nanoparticles (NPs). Au films and NPs exhibited improved optical photoluminescence (PL) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR), respectively, relative to batch immersion EL (BI-EL) …

Refractive Index Chemical Sensing With Noble Metal Nanoparticles, Phillip Blake

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Chemical sensing is a key component in modern society, especially in engineering applications. Because of their widespread impact, improvements to chemical sensors are a significant area of research. One class of sensors, plasmonic sensors, is being heavily researched because of their ability to detect low levels of analyte in near real time without destroying the analyte. This work studies a new class of plasmonic sensor that utilizes diffractive coupling to improve sensor performance. Specifically, this work outlines the first study of diffractive coupling sensors with typical nanoparticle shapes. Sensitivity of this new class of sensor is directly compared to typical …

Using The Greet Model To Analyze Algae As A Feedstock For Biodiesel Production, Christopher Tatum

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

There is a growing interest in renewable, carbon-neutral biofuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. A life-cycle analysis is conducted in this study to determine the viability of using algae as a feedstock for biodiesel. The method involves assessing energy use, fossil fuel use, greenhouse gas emissions, and criteria pollutant emissions using a simulation developed by Argonne National Laboratory. The energy and emissions of algae-derived biodiesel are compared to those of soybean biodiesel, corn ethanol, conventional gasoline, and low-sulfur diesel. Results show that there are sizeable greenhouse gas emission benefits attributed to the production of both types of biodiesel as compared …

Application Of Carbon Dioxide Towards The Development Of Smart Materials, Green Reaction Schemes And Metallic Nanoparticle Synthesis, Fiaz Mohammed

All Dissertations

Global carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions have steadily risen over the last 50 years, with 34 billion tons of CO₂ released in 2009 alone. Its potential as a greenhouse gas has negatively affected of our lives and environment by the resulting ocean acidification and climate change. To mitigate atmospheric CO₂, various strategies have been implemented for CO₂ separation, capture, storage and use as a chemical feedstock. The use of CO₂ in various chemical industries is attractive as its non-flammable, non-toxic, and relatively inert properties have made it an inherently safer alternative to traditional organic …

Site-Specific Metallization Of Multiple Metals On A Single Dna Origami Template, Bibek Uprety

Theses and Dissertations

This work examines the selective deposition of two different metals on the same DNA origami template for nanofabrication. DNA, with adjustable size and shape serves as a suitable template for fabricating metal junctions in the nanometer domain via bottom-up assembly. Bottom-up assembly utilizes the recognition capability of molecules like DNA to self-assemble and form structures. In this regard, DNA origami provides a useful means for forming nanostructures by folding single-stranded DNA into different two and three dimensional shapes. Selective deposition of metal on specific locations of a DNA template is essential for making DNA-templated electronic circuits.Site-specific metallization of DNA origami …

Reactive Rayleigh–Taylor Turbulent Mixing: A One-Dimensional-Turbulence Study, E.D. Gonzalez-Juez, A.R. Kerstein, D.O. Lignell

Faculty Publications

We study the problem of reactive Rayleigh–Taylor turbulence in the Boussinesq framework using one-dimensional-turbulence (ODT) simulations. In this problem a reaction zone between overlying heavy/cold reactants and underlying light/hot products moves against gravity. First, we show that ODT results for global quantities in non-reactive Rayleigh–Taylor turbulence are within those from direct numerical simulations (DNS). This comparison give us confidence in using ODT to study unexplored flow regimes in the reactive case. Then, we show how ODT predicts an early stage of reactive Rayleigh–Taylor turbulence that behaves similarly to the non-reactive case, as observed in previous DNS. More importantly, ODT indicates …

Fib/Sem-Based Calculation Of Tortuosity In A Porous Licoo2 Cathode For A Li-Ion Battery, T. Hutzenlaub, A. Asthana, J. Becker, D. R. Wheeler, R. Zengerle, S. Thiele

Faculty Publications

We present a new method to quantify tortuosity in the porous, LiCoO2 cathode of a Li-ion battery. The starting point is a previously published 3D reconstruction from FIB/SEM images with three phases, the active material domain, carbon-binder domain and pore space. Based on this geometrical configuration, we compute effective diffusivities, from which we in turn derive tortuosity values for the pore space ranging between 5 and 11.6 for the three spatial directions. In a next step, we compare our approach to an imaging method that employs back-filling material. These methods do not differentiate between the carbon-binder domain and the pore …

Incorporation Of Catalytic Dehydrogenation Into Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis To Significantly Reduce Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Gerald P. Huffman

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Patents

A new method of producing liquid transportation fuels from coal and other hydrocarbons that significantly reduces carbon dioxide emissions by combining Fischer-Tropsch synthesis with catalytic dehydrogenation is claimed. Catalytic dehydrogenation (CDH) of the gaseous products (C1-C4) of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) can produce large quantities of hydrogen while converting the carbon to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). Incorporation of CDH into a FTS-CDH plant converting coal to liquid fuels can eliminate all or most of the CO₂ emissions from the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction that is currently used to elevate the H₂ level of coal-derived syngas for FTS. Additionally, the …

Ultrasound-Induced Phase Change Of Emulsion Droplets For Targeted Gene And Drug Delivery, James R. Lattin

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation explores the potential of using perfluorocarbon emulsion droplets to add an ultrasound-sensitive element to drug delivery systems. These emulsion droplets may be induced to vaporize with ultrasound; during the rarefactional phase of an ultrasound wave, the pressure around the droplets may fall below the vapor pressure of the liquid forming the emulsion, providing a thermodynamic potential for vaporization. This ultrasound-induced phase change of the emulsion droplet could release therapeutics attached to the droplet surface or aid in drug delivery due to mechanical effects associated with vaporization and expansion, similar to the ability of cavitating bubbles to aid in …

Beyond Gel Electrophoresis: Microfluidic Separations, Fluorescence Burst Analysis, And Dna Stretching, Kevin D. Dorfman, Scott B. King, Daniel W. Olson, Joel D. P. Thomas, Douglas R. Tree

Faculty Publications

This review addresses methods for obtaining sequence information directly from unamplified genomic length DNA. Our generic starting point is a large piece of DNA that contains many thousands of base pairs (kilobase pairs, kbp) or even millions of base pairs (megabase pairs, Mbp). We would like to determine the genomic distance between two repeats of a given sequence, indicated by the red dots on the coiled DNA molecule in Figure 1. Let us consider the case where these sequences are restriction sites, which can be selectively cut using proteins known as restriction enzymes. For decades, gel electrophoresis served as the …

Coastal Physical Vulnerability Of Surabaya And Its Surrounding Area To Sea Level Rise, Sayidah Sulma, Eko Kusratmoko, Ratna Saraswati

Makara Journal of Technology

The study for coastal vulnerability to sea level rise was carried out in Surabaya and its surrounding area, it has focused on calculations of the physical vulnerability index were used coastal vulnerability index (CVI) methods. It was standardized by the multi criteria analysis (MCA) approach according to the study area. The score of each physical variable derived from remote sensing satellite data and the results of studies that have been done, such as modeling results and thematic maps, and then integrated into geographic information systems (GIS). Result of this study shows that the coastal areas of Gresik, Surabaya, and Sidoarjo …

The Effect Of Size And Crumb Rubber Composition As A Filler With Compatibilizer Pp-G-Ma In Polypropylene Blends And Sir-20 Compound On Mechanical And Thermal Properties, Erna Frida

Makara Journal of Technology

Having been researched the development of thermoplastic elastomer material of polypropylene and natural rubber SIR- 20 compound with Crumb Rubber as the filler. Reinforced polypropylene with size 60 mesh with 1 mm, and the composition of the Crumb rubber (30, 40, and 50) wt%. Observed mechanical properties are tensile strength, fracture elongation, Young's modulus, tear strength and impact strength. Thermal properties are analyzed by DSC and DTA/TGA. It is acquired that for the size of 60 mesh crumb rubber tensile strength, fracture elongation, Young’s modulus, tear strength and impact strength are bigger than 1mm size. The addition of 60 mesh …