Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons^™

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Can Detect Early Vascular Changes In Children With Type 1 Diabetes (T1dm), Margaret M. Samyn, Pippa Simpson, Michael E. Widlansky, Mary M. Krolikowski, Jennifer Co-Vu, Ronak Jashwant Dholakia, John F. Ladisa, Ramin Alemzadeh

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Correlation Between Alternans Of Early And Late Phases Of Ventricular Action Potential, Sonam Chourasia

Theses and Dissertations--Biomedical Engineering

Several studies suggest that action potential duration (APD) alternans play an important role in initiation of arrhythmias, while less is known about the alternans of early phases of action potential (AP) and phase relation between the two. Transmembrane potentials recorded from swine and canine ventricles were analyzed to determine the correlation and phase relation between alternans of early and late phases of an AP. In both species, for activation intervals ≤ 400 ms, action potential amplitude (APA) alternans occurred≥ 50% of times when APD alternans occurred and vice versa, both were mostly in phase. Also, alternans of APA and APD …

Nanosecond Pulse Electrical Fields Used In Conjunction With Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes As A Potential Tumor Treatment, Michael W. Stacey, Christopher Osgood, Bhargava Subhash Kalluri, Wei Cao, Hani Elsayed-Ali, Tarek Abdel-Fattah

Bioelectrics Publications

The objectives of this communication were to fabricate pure samples of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and to determine their toxicity in tumor cell lines. MWCNTs were dispersed in a concentration of the surfactant T80 that was minimally toxic. Cell-type variation in toxicity to MWCNTs was observed but was not significantly different to unexposed controls. Additionally, we investigated the increased cell killing of the pancreatic cancer cell line PANC1 when exposed to ultrashort (nanosecond) pulsed electrical fields (nsPEF) in the presence of MWCNTs as a potential form of cancer therapy. We hypothesized that the unique electronic properties of MWCNTs disrupt cell …

Electro-Gene Transfer To Skin Using A Noninvasive Multielectrode Array, Siqi Guo, Amy Donate, Gaurav Basu, Cathryn Lundberg, Loree Heller, Richard Heller

Bioelectrics Publications

Because of its large surface area and easy access for both delivery and monitoring, the skin is an attractive target for gene therapy for cutaneous diseases, vaccinations and several metabolic disorders. The critical factors for DNA delivery to the skin by electroporation (EP) are effective expression levels and minimal or no tissue damage. Here, we evaluated the non-invasive multielectrode array (MEA) for gene electrotransfer. For these studies we utilized a guinea pig model, which has been shown to have a similar thickness and structure to human skin. Our results demonstrate significantly increased gene expression 2 to 3 logs above injection …

Engineered Basal Lamina Equivalent - Fabrication And Biomedical Applications, Deepika Tamuly

Bioengineering Theses - Archive

A novel technique based on the principle of solvent casting is developed to create uniform, ultrathin and stackable films of Collagen I/IV and ECMgel for use as Engineered Basal Lamina Equivalent. The mixture of these two proteins provides key molecular elements (laminin, collagen type IV, entactin and perlecan) in a basal lamina with strong mechanical properties (collagen type I). Rat tail derived collagen solution is mixed with ECMgel, and the solution is cast onto PDMS molds and air dried in a custom built air tunnel. The dried membranes are briefly UV cross-linked, peeled off from the PDMS mold to be …

Implementation Of A Pain Generator Controlled By Pressure And Feasability In Its Applications For Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, Pamela Agwa Tebebi

Bioengineering Theses - Archive

Pain is a sensory and emotional experience as a result of possible or definite tissue damage. The level of pain is subjective to the individual's consciousness of sensory stimuli. Pain stimuli can be noxious (i.e., potentially damaging) or innocuous (i.e., normally not painful). Therefore, pain perception can be based on the degree of the stimuli. Studies have been done using brain imaging modalities to assess pain. Functional Near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a noninvasive imaging tool and has been used to study the hemodynamic variations in the brain induced by a variety of activations. This research was a feasibility study to …

Investigation Of Brain Activity In Prefrontal Cortex Under Noxious Pain Stimuli And During Psychological Test Using Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy, Sabin Khadka

Bioengineering Theses - Archive

Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive functional neuroimaging technique, which measures changes in oxy-hemoglobin (HbO) and deoxy-hemoglobin (HbR) concentrations based on the principle of near infrared spectroscopy. For my thesis, I have utilized fNIRS in the prefrontal regions to study cognitive functions under noxious pain and during a psychological test. The fNIRS signals were acquired from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in order to investigate the hemodynamic response under noxious pain stimuli. The measurement consisted of two different visits separated by seven to ten days with two different levels of pain intensity. From the observations, PFC shows significant deactivation …

Evaluation Of Spatial Resolution And Localization Accuracy Of Absorbing Heterogenity Embedded In Homogenous And Layered Turbid Media Using Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy, Niranjana Nandakumar

Bioengineering Theses - Archive

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive widely used technique for imaging the brain activation patterns in the cerebral cortex of neonates and adults. For the fNIRS imaging of these brain activation patterns, it is common to assume the head geometry as a homogenous medium due to the resulting computational simplicity of the image reconstruction problem. In reality the head is not a simple homogenous medium and prior research has been conducted to show that light propagates differently in a spatially heterogeneous model of the head compared to a homogenous one, which alters the sensitivity of NIR light detection on …

A Multimodality Dlp® Imaging System For Clinical Surgery, Michael Lee Mangum

Bioengineering Theses - Archive

With 1.38 million new cases and 450,000 deaths worldwide due to breast cancer, there is a clear need for safe and complete surgical intervention for the treatment of breast cancer. Imaging solutions have been created and developed to help plastic surgeons during breast reconstructive surgery. However, these solutions were implemented separately depending on their particular modality, which can result in higher costs for hospital and patient use. The digital micromirror device (DMD) developed by Texas Instruments has been shown to exhibit spectral control of light at a digital level, and could theoretically allow for the incorporation of multiple imaging modalities …

Three-Dimensional Multimedium Computational Model For Drug Delivery Using Finite Element Analysis, Eduardo Martinez

Bioengineering Theses - Archive

Approximately 2.8% of trauma patients present peripheral nerve injury, which can result in loss of motor function. Current strategies for peripheral nerve repair had focused on the development of synthetic nerve conduits that provide physical guidance. One advantage of the synthetic nerve conduits is that the conduit can be utilize as a delivery system and gain the ability to deliver neurotrophic factors, which have an effect on controlling the survival, migration, proliferation, and differentiation of different neural cell types. Currently there is no method to quantify the concentration of growth factors in the nerve conduit during the implantation time. In …

Direct Forcing And Heating Immersed Boundary- Lattice Boltzmann Method For Arterial Wall Thermography, Oluyinka Olugbenga Bamiro

Dissertations

Vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques have high probability of rupture and are characterized by non-homogenous temperature along the arterial wall. The nonhomogeneous temperature is attributed to the accumulation of heat releasing inflammatory cells in the arterial wall. Rupture of the vulnerable plaque can lead to acute coronary syndrome and sudden cardiac death. Arterial wall thermography (AWT) can be applied to detect the presence of temperature hot spots along the arterial wall by using temperature measurement devices and provide an early detection of a vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque. AWT, however, is invasive in nature.

Computational fluid and heat transport models provide a more efficient …

Estimation Of The Centre Of Mass From Motion Capture And Force Plate Recordings: A Study On The Elderly, Sebastien Cotton, Michele Vanoncini, Philippe Fraisse, Nacim Ramdani, Emel Demircan, Andrew P. Murray, Thierry Keller

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

The estimation of the centre of mass position in humans is usually based on biomechanical models developed from anthropometric tables. This method can potentially introduce errors in studies involving elderly people, since the ageing process is typically associated with a modification of the distribution of the body mass. In this paper, an alternative technique is proposed, and evaluated with an experimental study on 9 elderly volunteers. The technique is based on a virtual chain, identified from experimental data and locating the subject's centre of mass. Its configuration defines the location of the centre of mass, and is a function of …

Arteriogenesis And Ischemia Impair Functional Vasodilation In Resistance Arteries, Trevor Cardinal, Joseph S. Zhu, Kyle R. Struthers, Thomas J. Kesler, Matthew D. Yocum

Biomedical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Arterial Tissue Perforation Using Ultrasonically Vibrating Wire Waveguides, Mark Wylie

Doctoral

Chronic Total Occlusions (CTOs) are fibrous and calcified atherosclerotic lesions which completely occlude the artery. They are difficult to treat with standard dilation procedures as they cannot be traversed easily. Their treatment is also associated with a high risk of arterial perforation. Low frequency ultrasonic vibrations delivered via wire waveguides represent a minimally invasive treatment for CTOs and other tissue ablation applications. These devices typically operate at 20–50 kHz delivering wire waveguide distal tip amplitudes of vibration of 0-60 μm. The diseased tissue is ablated or disrupted by repetitive direct mechanical contact and cavitation. This research assesses the susceptibility of …

Guiding Electric Fields For Electroporation Applications, Jose Rey

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Electroporation is the critical step in an electric field mediated drug or gene delivery protocol. Electroporation based protocols have been successfully demonstrated in cancer clinical trials, however, its impact in other applications is still under investigation. A significant roadblock to long term functioning of implantable biosensors in vivo is the tissue reaction in the form of fibrous encapsulation that results in reduced transport to the sensing element of the biosensor. In vivo gene electroporation has a great potential as a means to modify the transport properties of tissues in the proximity of the sensing element of implantable biosensors.

This dissertation …

Feasibility Of Wearable Sensors To Determine Gait Parameters, Mario Alves Simoes

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

A wearable system that can be used in different settings to collect gait parameters on subjects with a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) would allow clinicians to collect needed data of subjects outside of the laboratory setting. Mild traumatic brain injuries stem from a number of causes such as illnesses, strokes, accidents or battlefield traumas. These injuries can cause issues with everyday tasks, such as gait, and are linked with vestibular dysfunction [1]. Different wearable sensor systems were analyzed prior to starting this study along with relevant gait parameters associated with mild traumatic brain injury. To monitor gait parameters relevant …

A Novel Device For Cell-Cell Electrofusion, Justin T. Stewart

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Cell transplantation therapy is a potentially powerful tool and can be used to replace defective cells with healthy cells. This offers the possibility of alleviating the destructive symptoms for many diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, spinal cord trauma, Type I diabetes and many more. While there are many diseases that could be positively impacted from cell transplantation therapy, the focus of this research is insulin dependent, Type I Diabetes.

The Islets of Langerhans are composed of various types of cells located in the pancreas and are responsible for a variety of biochemical functions. Specifically, the beta Islet …

Surface Functionalization And Analysis Thereof For An Ovarian Cancer Diagnostic Biosensor, Asad Ali Ahmad

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer death among women in United States and has an alarming 1.4% (1 in 71) lifetime risk. The lack of overt symptoms and the absence of a reliable screening test to detect ovarian cancer result in over 70% of women being diagnosed after the disease has spread beyond the ovary resulting in a poor prognosis. A key characteristic of ovarian cancer is the ability of tumor cells to evade apoptosis, or programmed cell death contributing to the limitless replicative potential, which is a hallmark of all carcinogenesis. There is conclusive evidence that …

Influence Of Design Parameters On Cup-Stem Orientations For Impingement Free Range Of Motion In Hip Implants, Dishita Prakashbhai Patel

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this investigation is to determine the optimum positions of the prosthesis in total hip arthroplasty that produce least amount of impingement. Theoretical ranges of six basic hip motions were determined under walking, stumbling, internal rotation at 90 flexion and external rotation at 0 extension with 15 abduction, using mathematical models and validated for impingement using finite element analysis. A generalized approach, where impingement does not occur, was developed in this study to understand influence of design parameters such as head-neck ratio, neck-shaft angle, oscillation angle, and stem offset on cup-stem orientations such as cup inclination, cup anteversion, …

A Validation Of A Prototype Dry Electrode System For Electroencephalography, Jason Monnin

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Current physiologically-driven operator cognitive state assessment technology relies primarily on electroencephalographic (EEG) signals. Traditionally, gel-based electrodes have been used; however, the application of gel-based electrodes on the scalp requires expertise and a considerable amount of preparation time. Additionally, discomfort can occur from the abrasion of the scalp during preparation, and the electrolyte will also begin to dry out over extended periods of time. These drawbacks have hindered the transition of operator state assessment technology into an operational environment. QUASAR, Inc., (San Diego, CA) has developed a prototype dry electrode system for electroencephalography that requires minimal preparation. A comparison of the …