Design And Validation Of Bending Test Method For Characterization Of Miniature Pediatric Cortical Bone Specimens,
2012
Marquette University
Design And Validation Of Bending Test Method For Characterization Of Miniature Pediatric Cortical Bone Specimens, Carolyne Albert, John Jameson, Gerald F. Harris
Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
Osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetic disorder of bone fragility; however, the effects of this disorder on bone material properties are not well understood. No study has yet measured bone material strength in humans with osteogenesis imperfecta. Small bone specimens are often extracted during routine fracture surgeries in children with osteogenesis imperfecta. These specimens could provide valuable insight into the effects of osteogenesis imperfecta on bone material strength; however, their small size poses a challenge to their mechanical characterization. In this study, a validated miniature three-point bending test is described that enables measurement of the flexural material properties of pediatric cortical …
Enhancing The Engineering Curriculum: Defining Discovery Learning At Marquette University,
2012
Marquette University
Enhancing The Engineering Curriculum: Defining Discovery Learning At Marquette University, Jay R. Goldberg, Mark L. Nagurka
Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
This paper summarizes the results of our investigation into the feasibility of increasing the level of discovery learning in the College of Engineering (COE) at Marquette University. We review the education literature, document examples of discovery learning currently practiced in the COE and other schools, and propose a Marquette COE-specific definition of discovery learn-ing. Based on our assessment of the benefits, costs, and tradeoffs associated with increasing the level of discovery learning, we pre-sent several recommendations and identify resources required for implementation. These recommendations may be helpful in enhancing engineering education at other schools.
Conference Program,
2012
Engineering Conferences International
Conference Program, Engineering Conferences International
Harnessing The Materials Genome: Accelerated Materials Development via Computational and Experimental Tools
highlighted titles are available online documents.
Characterization Of Xylan Utilization And Discovery Of A New Endoxylanase In Thermoanaerobacterium Saccharolyticum Through Targeted Gene Deletions,
2012
Dartmouth College
Characterization Of Xylan Utilization And Discovery Of A New Endoxylanase In Thermoanaerobacterium Saccharolyticum Through Targeted Gene Deletions, Kara K. Podkaminer, Adam M. Guss, Heather L. Trajano, David A. Hogsett, Lee R. Lynd
Dartmouth Scholarship
The economical production of fuels and commodity chemicals from lignocellulose requires the utilization of both the cellulose and hemicellulose fractions. Xylanase enzymes allow greater utilization of hemicellulose while also increasing cellulose hydrolysis. Recent metabolic engineering efforts have resulted in a strain of Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum that can convert C5 and C6 sugars, as well as insoluble xylan, into ethanol at high yield. To better understand the process of xylan solubilization in this organism, a series of targeted deletions were constructed in the homoethanologenic T. saccharolyticum strain M0355 to characterize xylan hydrolysis and xylose utilization in this organism. While the deletion of …
Soft Microenvironments Promote The Early Neurogenic Differentiation But Not Self-Renewal Of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells,
2012
Santa Clara University
Soft Microenvironments Promote The Early Neurogenic Differentiation But Not Self-Renewal Of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells, Albert Keung, Prashanth Asuri, Sanjay Kumar, David Schaffer
Bioengineering
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are of great interest in biology and medicine due to their ability to self-renew and differentiate into any adult or fetal cell type. Important efforts have identified biochemical factors, signaling pathways, and transcriptional networks that regulate hPSC biology. However, recent work investigating the effect of biophysical cues on mammalian cells and adult stem cells suggests that the mechanical properties of the microenvironment, such as stiffness, may also regulate hPSC behavior. While several studies have explored this mechanoregulation in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), it has been challenging to extrapolate these findings and thereby explore their …
Whole-Word Recognition From Articulatory Movements For Silent Speech Interfaces,
2012
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Whole-Word Recognition From Articulatory Movements For Silent Speech Interfaces, Jun Wang, Ashok Samal, Jordan R. Green, Frank Rudzicz
Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications
Articulation-based silent speech interfaces convert silently produced speech movements into audible words. These systems are still in their experimental stages, but have significant potential for facilitating oral communication in persons with laryngectomy or speech impairments. In this paper, we report the result of a novel, real-time algorithm that recognizes whole-words based on articulatory movements. This approach differs from prior work that has focused primarily on phoneme-level recognition based on articulatory features. On average, our algorithm missed 1.93 words in a sequence of twenty-five words with an average latency of 0.79 seconds for each word prediction using a data set of …
Adhesion And Proliferation Of Red Fluorescent U87 Cells In A Mirco-Incubator,
2012
Cleveland State University
Adhesion And Proliferation Of Red Fluorescent U87 Cells In A Mirco-Incubator, Rebecca L. Jensen
Undergraduate Research Posters 2012
Availability of bone forming osteoblast cells from genetically modified green fluorescing protein (GFP) expressing mouse opens up the possibility of carrying out live cell imaging of the cells as they adhere, migrate and proliferate on nano-texture modified opaque metallic surfaces. Cells inoculated at a density of 200 cells/mm2 proliferated 131% over a one week period.
A Low Cost Motion Analysis System Based On Kinect,
2012
Cleveland State University
A Low Cost Motion Analysis System Based On Kinect, Jonathan Michael Cardinale, Tracy N. Jennemann, Vitaliy Sinyuk, Sam Kenji Yokoyama
Undergraduate Research Posters 2012
The project focused on the validation of using the Kinect sensor to build a low cost motion analysis system for physical therapy and rehabilitation, and the identification of the types of the motions that cannot be captured well by the Kinect sensor and are in need of inertial sensors.
Image-Based Quantification Of Benzoporphyrin Derivative Uptake, Localization, And Photobleaching In 3d Tumor Models, For Optimization Of Pdt Parameters,
2012
University of Massachusetts Boston
Image-Based Quantification Of Benzoporphyrin Derivative Uptake, Localization, And Photobleaching In 3d Tumor Models, For Optimization Of Pdt Parameters, Michael D. Glidden, Jonathan P. Celli, Iqbal Massodi, Imran Rizvi, Brian Pogue, Tayyaba Hasan
Dartmouth Scholarship
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a light-based treatment modality in which wavelength specific activation of a photosensitizer (PS) generates cytotoxic response in the irradiated region. PDT response is critically dependent on several parameters including light dose, PS dose, uptake time, fluence rate, and the mode of light delivery. While the systematic optimization of these treatment parameters can be complex, it also provides multiple avenues for en- hancement of PDT efficacy under diverse treatment conditions, provided that a rational framework is established to quantify the impact of parameter selection upon treatment re- sponse. Here we present a theranostic technique, combining the inherent …
Developing Novel Prognostic Biomarkers For Multivariate Fracture Risk Prediction Algorithms,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Developing Novel Prognostic Biomarkers For Multivariate Fracture Risk Prediction Algorithms, Ernest K. Poku, Mark R. Towler, Niamh M. Cummins, Jeff D. Newman
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Multivariate prediction algorithms such as FRAX® and QFracture Scores provide an opportunity for new prognostic biomarkers to be developed and incorporated, potentially leading to better fracture prediction. As more research is conducted into these novel biomarkers, a number of factors need to be considered for their successful development for inclusion in these algorithms. In this review, we describe two well-known multivariate prediction algorithms for osteoporosis fracture risk applicable to the UK population, FRAX and QFracture Scores, and comment on the current prognostic tools available for fracture risk; dual X-ray assessment, quantitative ultrasonography, and genomic/biochemical markers. We also highlight the factors …
Hydrodynamic Focused Passive Separation Under Continuous Flow In A Microfluidic Chip,
2012
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Hydrodynamic Focused Passive Separation Under Continuous Flow In A Microfluidic Chip, Jad Kanbar
Master's Theses
A continuous flow, passive separation device was designed using an equivalent circuit to create variable flow rates for hydrodynamic focusing to drain channels and collection outlets. By varying the diameter of the sample inlet connection into the reservoir, the particle position was influenced significantly, which enabled desired separations. Additionally it was noted that the relative, horizontal position of the inlet also had a significant influence on particle position within the device. A dimensionless number, the Characteristic Sample Inlet, was developed to relate geometric properties of the inlet reservoir to downstream particle distribution. It was found that a 2:1 ratio between …
Investigation Of A New Material For Heart Valve Tissue Engineering,
2012
Technological University Dublin
Investigation Of A New Material For Heart Valve Tissue Engineering, Claire Brougham, Gerard Cooney, Thomas Flanagan, Stefan Jockenhoevel, Fergal O'Brien
Conference Papers
No abstract provided.
Responding To Dangerous Accidents Among The Elderly: A Fall Detection Device With Zigbee-Based Positioning,
2012
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Responding To Dangerous Accidents Among The Elderly: A Fall Detection Device With Zigbee-Based Positioning, Michael R. Putnam
Master's Theses
The following paper describes a fall detection and activity monitoring system with position detection based on Zigbee transceivers.The main objective is to reduce the time taken for emergency personnel to respond to falls among the elderly. Especially when the victim is unconscious or delirious, position tracking reduces location determination time within a busy hospital or nursing home environment and facilitates immediate treatment. Reduced response times correlate to decreased morbidity and mortality rates. Background is provided on the major wireless network advances currently deployed in a healthcare setting for asset and personnel tracking, etiology of falls, and several methods of detecting …
Quaternary Ammonium Silane-Functionalized, Methacrylate Resin Composition With Antimicrobial Activities And Self-Repair Potential,
2012
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Quaternary Ammonium Silane-Functionalized, Methacrylate Resin Composition With Antimicrobial Activities And Self-Repair Potential, Shi-Qiang Gong, Li-Na Niu, Lisa K. Kemp, Cynthia K.Y. Yiu, Heonjune Ryou, Yi-Pin Qi, John D. Blizzard, Sergey Nikonov, Martha G. Brackett, Regina L.W. Messer, Christine D. Wu, Jing Mao, L. Bryan Brister, Frederick A. Rueggeberg, Dwayne D. Arola, David H. Pashley, Franklin R. Tay
Faculty Publications
The design of antimicrobial polymers to address healthcare issues and minimize environmental problems is an important endeavor with both fundamental and practical implications. Quaternary ammonium silane-functionalized methacrylate (QAMS) represents an example of antimicrobial macromonomers synthesized by a sol–gel chemical route; these compounds possess flexible Si–O–Si bonds. In present work, a partially hydrolyzed QAMS co-polymerized with 2,2-[4(2-hydroxy 3-methacryloxypropoxy)-phenyl]propane is introduced. This methacrylate resin was shown to possess desirable mechanical properties with both a high degree of conversion and minimal polymerization shrinkage. The kill-on-contact microbiocidal activities of this resin were demonstrated using single-species biofilms of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 36558), Actinomyces naeslundii (ATCC …
Creep Evaluation Of (Orthotic) Cast Materials During Simulated Clubfoot Correction,
2012
Marquette University
Creep Evaluation Of (Orthotic) Cast Materials During Simulated Clubfoot Correction, T. L. Cohen, H. Altiok, Sergey Tarima, P. A. Smith, Gerald F. Harris
Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
The Ponseti method is a widely accepted and highly successful conservative treatment of pediatric clubfoot that relies on weekly manipulations and cast applications. However, the material behavior of the cast in the Ponseti technique has not been investigated. The current study sought to characterize the ability of two standard casting materials to maintain the Ponseti corrected foot position by evaluating creep response. A dynamic cast testing device (DCTD) was built to simulate a typical pediatric clubfoot. Semi-rigid fiberglass and rigid fiberglass casting materials were applied to the device, and the rotational creep was measured at various constant torques. The movement …
Phase Transitions Of Nanoemulsions Using Ultrasound: Experimental Observations,
2012
Brigham Young University
Phase Transitions Of Nanoemulsions Using Ultrasound: Experimental Observations, Ram Singh, Ghaleb A. Husseini, William G. Pitt
Faculty Publications
The ultrasound-induced transformation of perfluorocarbon liquids to gases is of interest in the area of drug and gene delivery. In this study, three independent parameters (temperature, size, and perfluorocarbon species) were selected to investigate the effects of 476-kHz and 20-kHz ultrasound on nanoemulsion phase transition. Two levels of each factor (low and high) were considered at each frequency. The acoustic intensities at gas bubble formation and at the onset of inertial cavitation were recorded and subsequently correlated with the acoustic parameters. Experimental data showed that low frequencies are more effective in forming and collapsing a bubble. Additionally, as the size …
Chronically Inadequate Sleep Results In Abnormal Bone Formation And Abnormal Bone Marrow In Rats,
2012
Marquette University
Chronically Inadequate Sleep Results In Abnormal Bone Formation And Abnormal Bone Marrow In Rats, Carol A. Everson, Anne E. Folley, Jeffrey M. Toth
Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
Insufficient sleep over long durations of the lifespan is believed to adversely affect proper development and healthful aging, although how this might become manifested is unknown. In the present study, rats were repeatedly sleep-restricted during 72 days to permit maladaptations to evolve, thereby permitting study. Densitometric and histomorphometric analyses were performed on harvested bone. In sleep-restricted rats, bone lined by osteoid was reduced 45-fold and osteoid thickness was decreased, compared with controls. This corresponded to a decrease in osteoblast number and activity. The percentage of bone lined by osteoclasts did not differ from that of controls. Plasma concentrations of an …
Mineralization Potential Of Electrospun Pdo-Hydroxyapatite-Fibrinogen Blended Scaffolds,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Mineralization Potential Of Electrospun Pdo-Hydroxyapatite-Fibrinogen Blended Scaffolds, Isaac A. Rodriguez, Parthasarathy A. Madurantakam, Jennifer M. Mccool, Scott A. Sell, Hu Yang, Peter C. Moon, Gary L. Bowlin
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The current bone autograft procedure for cleft palate repair presents several disadvantages such as limited availability, additional invasive surgery, and donor site morbidity. The present preliminary study evaluates the mineralization potential of electrospun polydioxanone:nano-hydroxyapatite: fibrinogen (PDO: nHA: Fg) blended scaffolds in different simulated body fluids (SBF). Scaffolds were fabricated by blending PDO: nHA: Fg in the following percent by weight ratios: 100: 0: 0, 50: 25: 25, 50: 50: 0, 50: 0: 50, 0: 0: 100, and 0: 50: 50. Samples were immersed in (conventional (c), revised (r), ionic (i), and modified (m)) SBF for 5 and 14 days to …
Role Of Glutathione In Lung Retention Of 99mtc-Hexamethylpropyleneamine Oxime In Two Unique Rat Models Of Hyperoxic Lung Injury,
2012
Marquette University
Role Of Glutathione In Lung Retention Of 99mtc-Hexamethylpropyleneamine Oxime In Two Unique Rat Models Of Hyperoxic Lung Injury, Said H. Audi, David L. Roerig, Steven Thomas Haworth, Anne V. Clough
Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
Rat exposure to 60% O2 for 7 days (hyper-60) or to >95% O2 for 2 days followed by a 24-hour in room air (hyper-95R) confers susceptibility or tolerance, respectively, of the otherwise lethal effects of subsequent exposure to 100% O2. The objective of this study was to determine if lung retention of the radiopharmaceutical agent 99mTc-HMPAO (hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime) is differentially altered in hyper-60 and hyper-95R rats. Tissue retention of HMPAO is dependent on intracellular content of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) and mitochondrial function. HMPAO was injected i.v. in anesthetized rats and planar images were acquired. …
A Study Towards Development Of An Automated Haptic User Interface (Ahui) For Individuals Who Are Blind Or Visually Impaired,
2012
Virginia Commonwealth University
A Study Towards Development Of An Automated Haptic User Interface (Ahui) For Individuals Who Are Blind Or Visually Impaired, Ravi Rastogi
Theses and Dissertations
An increasing amount of information content used in schools, work and everyday living is being presented in graphical form, creating accessibility challenges for individuals who are blind or visually impaired, especially in dynamic environments, such as over the internet. Refreshable haptic displays that can interact with computers can be used to access such information tactually. Main focus of this study was the development of specialized computer applications allowing users to actively compensate for the inherent issues of haptics when exploring visual diagrams as compared to vision, which we hypothesized, would improve the usability of such devices. An intuitive zooming algorithm …
