Biomedical Devices and Instrumentation Commons^™

Analysis Of Electroanatomic Mapping System Accuracy Using X-Ray Reconstruction Of Electrode Locations In A Porcine Animal Model, Hana Boudlali

Master's Theses

Fluoroscopy is considered the gold standard for locating catheters during cardiac electrophysiology (EP) procedures. However, fluoroscopy emits ionizing radiation which can lead to adverse health effects when exposed to in high doses (World Health Organization, 2016). Electroanatomic mapping (EAM) systems display the three-dimensional location of EP catheters and measure the local electrical activity of the heart. They can minimize a physician’s reliance on fluoroscopy and can help reduce radiation exposure during a case (Casella, 2011).

EAM systems are diagnostic medical devices that inform the placement of ablation therapy and must accurately locate catheters to be deemed safe. Test methods to …

Biomechanical Comparison Of The Validity Of Two Configurations Of Simulators For Body-Powered Hand Prostheses, Camille Bennett, Amanuel Matias, Brendan Smith, Jenevieve Roper, Stephen Estelle

Honors Thesis

Simulators are often used in prosthesis research to evaluate new devices or characterize aspects of prosthesis use, so as to recruit participants without amputations. Simulators, in general, must locate the prosthesis somewhere other than where the intact biological limb exists. In this study, we compared two configurations of simulators for hand prostheses to determine which leads to more natural elbow and shoulder kinematics, and in turn, which is the more valid simulator. One configuration located the prosthesis in-line with the forearm, beyond the biological hand; the other located it beside the hand. We measured the kinematics of 12 non-amputee participants …

Fuzzy Logic Based Control For Membrane Oxygenator In Blood Purification Process, Hany Hazfiza Manap

Student Works (2020-2029)

Membrane oxygenator in Extracorporeal Life Support (ECLS) is commonly used as a main component in Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB), Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenator (ECMO) and Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal (ECCO2R). In this study, the focus is on Carbon Dioxide (CO2) gas exchange process in membrane oxygenator, which the CO2 is automatically controlled by adjusting sweep gas flow rate that entering the membrane oxygenator in achieving the desired pCO2 required by the particular patients. This automatic control action is controlled by the implementation of three controllers, Proportional-IntegralDerivative (PID) that is tuned by Ziegler-Nichols continuous cycling method, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and Fuzzy-PID controllers. …

An Exercise Device Used To Achieve Bone Formation Metrics For The Strengthening Of The Proximal Femur., Sean P. Coyle

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Lateral falls often lead to hip fracture particularly in the elderly who have low bone mineral density. These fractures frequently lead to indirect mortality soon after injury. Normal use over the course over a lifetime leads to optimized adaptation of the bone in the proximal femur according to normal loading. A lateral fall generates non-normal, lateral loading at the proximal hip where the bone has not adapted to withstand such loading. The resulting fracture is generated by reversed strains on the bone tissue in the femoral neck in the hip in contrast to vertical, quotidian loading. Modern practices for preventing …

Calcium Sulfate-Containing Glass Polyalkenoate Cement For Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty Fixation, Leyla Hasandoost, Adel Alhalawani, Omar Rodriguez, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Paul Zalzal, Emil H. Schemitsch, Stephen D. Waldman, Marcello Papini, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement is used as a minor void filler in revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA). The application of PMMA is indicated only for peripheral bone defects with less than 5 mm depth and that cover less than 50% of the bone surface. Treating bone defects with PMMA results in complications as a result of volumetric shrinkage, bone necrosis, and aseptic loosening. These concerns have driven the development of alternative bone cements. We report here on novel modified glass polyalkenoate cements (mGPCs) containing 1, 5 and 15 wt% calcium sulfate (CaSO₄) and how the modified …

Analysis Of Glutathione Supplementation Effects On Female Metabolic Syndrome Condition Using Classification Techniques, Nur Rasyidah Hasan Basri

Student Works (2020-2029)

Lesser known to the public that main antioxidants in our body, Glutathione are also said to influence the metabolic syndrome (MS) condition. Oral supplementation consisting of glutathione precursors and vitamin C introduced in the study was to improve glutathione (GSH) status of the consumer and the main objective of this study is to investigate GSH effects on selected MS condition. Several known studies had proven that oral supplementation improved GSH level of consumer. However, there is no definite proof on how it’s affecting MS parameters. Also, there is less study carried out on the relationship between glutathione levels and metabolic …

In The Pursuit Of Assistance: A Team's Desire To Not Let A Congenital Amputation Get In A Young Boy's Way, Carl Russell Iii, Gavin Loucks, Kirsten Wozniak

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

EPICS is a service-learning design program run through Purdue University. It strives to teach students design skills through providing for individuals, communities, and organizations in the surrounding area while mirroring engineering industry standards. BME (Biomedical Engineering) is a team within EPICS that strives to serve community partners through biomedical applications. William Sevick is an elementary school student with a congenital arm amputation. William and his family have been working with the BME team for the past three years designing assistive devices with the purpose of improving his actions in daily life such as eating, playing games, and riding his bike.

A Centralised Multi-Objective Model Predictive Control For Biventricular Assist Devices, Vivian Koh Ci Ai

Student Works (2020-2029)

Heart failure is defined as failure of heart to deliver adequate blood flow rate to support tissue perfusion. Heart failure can be treated by implantation of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) for left heart failure patients, or a biventricular assist device (BiVAD) for bi-heart failure patients. Since left heart failure predominates right heart failure, all commercial ventricular assist devices are LVADs. Therefore, two LVADs are frequently used as BiVAD for bi-heart failure patients. Clinically, the constant speed (CS) control of BiVAD fails to adapt pump flow rate according to physiological changes, thus putting patients at risk of ventricular suction …

An Affordable And Portable Palpable System For Sensing Breast Tissue Abnormalities, Cody J. Clarke

Montview Journal of Research & Scholarship

Due to the high cost of equipment and lack of trained personnel, manual palpation is a preferred alternative breast examination technique over mammography. The process involves a thorough search pattern using trained fingers and applying adequate pressure, with the objective of identifying solid masses from the surrounding breast tissue. However, palpation requires skills that must be obtained through adequate training in order to ensure proper diagnosis. Consequently, palpation performance and reporting techniques have been inconsistent. Automating the palpation technique would optimize the performance of self-breast examination, optimize clinical breast examinations (CBE), and enable the visualization of breast abnormalities as well …

Immediate Effects Of Dynamic Lycra® Orthosis On Sitting To Standing Ability Children With Cerebral Palsy / Ida Hasni Shaari, Ida Hasn Shaari

Student Works (2020-2029)

Children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) are highly exposed to postural mal-alignment which interrupt their functional movement pattern and the ability to attain certain functional activities, like walking and Children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) are highly exposed to postural mal-alignment which interrupt their functional movement pattern and the ability to attain certain functional activities, like walking and sitting-to-standing motion (STS). Orthoses are commonly prescribed to give good posture in these children. Yet, none of the orthoses has been found to be suitable in addressing trunkpelvis alignment in children with cerebral palsy, to enhance their STS performance. Therefore, this study was conducted …

Bacteria Analysis By Using A Supervised Machine Learning Algorithm Based On Droplet Microfluidics, Yulder Daniel Angarita

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Sepsis is a major medical problem and massive resources have been invested in developing and evaluating alternative treatments. Statistics indicate that sepsis causes between one third and one half of all hospital deaths in the United States. Sepsis has a high impact on health care in the US, with direct sepsis costs in 2009 exceeding $15.4 billion. A research study found that a 1-hour delay in appropriate antimicrobial care resulted in a 7% - 10% rise in mortality. Several professional societies seek to reduce sepsis mortality by targeting the timely use of diagnostic tests and antimicrobial therapy. The diagnostic instruments …

3-Dimensional Carbon Micro-Electro Mechanical System (Mems) Electrode For Potential Dielectrophoretic Hepatic Cell Patterning Application, Wan Yahya Wan Nurlina

Student Works (2020-2029)

The maintenance of liver tissue unique pattern remains a great challenge in the generation of functional engineered liver tissue in vitro. This thesis presents a carbon dielectrophoresis (DEP) based cell patterning for generating hepatic cell constructs, mimicking biological hepatic lobule. A new design of electrode named interdigitated radiating-strips electrode (IRSE) was simulated and optimized using COMSOL Multiphysics 4.2a. The simulation result proved that IRSE is capable to provide uniform distribution of electric field for generating three-dimensional (3D) DEP force. The use of carbon electrodes has been an alternative to traditional metal electrodes and insulator structures for DEP applications since more …

Detection Of Standing And Sitting Variations Based On In-Socket Piezoelectric Sensors For Transfemoral Amputees, Alnusairi Tawfik Yahya

Student Works (2020-2029)

A transfemoral prosthesis is required to assist amputees to perform activities of daily living (ADL). The purely mechanical or passive prosthesis has some drawbacks such as consumption of high metabolic energy and limitations in mimicking normal dynamics and kinematics of gait pattern. In contrast, the active prosthesis offers better performance and consumes less metabolic energy. However, recent active prosthesis uses surface electromyography as its sensory system which requires massive preparation work, causes sores to the patient by its electrodes and requires a lot of computation to extract meaningful features. This thesis focuses on developing signal conditioning circuitry to classify six …

Machine Learning Approaches For Fracture Risk Assessment: A Comparative Analysis Of Genomic And Phenotypic Data In 5130 Older Men, Qing Wu, Fatma Nasoz, Jongyun Jung, Bibek Bhattarai, Mira V. Han

School of Public Health Faculty Research

The study aims were to develop fracture prediction models by using machine learning approaches and genomic data, as well as to identify the best modeling approach for fracture prediction. The genomic data of Osteoporotic Fractures in Men, cohort Study (n = 5130), were analyzed. After a comprehensive genotype imputation, genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated from 1103 associated Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms for each participant. Data were normalized and split into a training set (80%) and a validation set (20%) for analysis. Random forest, gradient boosting, neural network, and logistic regression were used to develop prediction models for major osteoporotic fractures …

Automatic Detection Of Dynamic And Static Activities Of The Older Adults Using A Wearable Sensor And Support Vector Machines, Jian Zhang, Rahul Soangra, Thurmon E. Lockhart

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Although Support Vector Machines (SVM) are widely used for classifying human motion patterns, their application in the automatic recognition of dynamic and static activities of daily life in the healthy older adults is limited. Using a body mounted wireless inertial measurement unit (IMU), this paper explores the use of an SVM approach for classifying dynamic (walking) and static (sitting, standing and lying) activities of the older adults. Specifically, data formatting and feature extraction methods associated with IMU signals are discussed. To evaluate the performance of the SVM algorithm, the effects of two parameters involved in SVM algorithm—the soft margin constant …

How Does Robotic Surgery Influence Communication, Leadership, And Team Outcomes? A Multimethod Examination., Jordan E. Rogers

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

The practice of delivering surgical care has evolved to be less invasive to the patients undergoing surgery. Minimally-invasive surgery can be practiced through traditional laparoscopic methods as well as with robotic technology that displaces the surgeon from the operating table. Robotic surgery has been cited to be safer and more effective than traditional laparoscopic surgery; however, little research has endeavored to investigate the role of surgical modality upon aspects of teamwork. This dissertation contributes to the human factors and teamwork literature by evaluating how surgical modality may influence communication, shared leadership, and team outcomes. Multiple methods were employed to study …

Utilizing Neural Networks And Wearables To Quantify Hip Joint Angles And Moments During Walking And Stair Ascent, Megan V. Mccabe

ENGS 88 Honors Thesis (AB Students)

Wearable sensors were leveraged to develop two methods for computing hip joint angles and moments during walking and stair ascent that are more portable than the gold standard. The Insole-Standard (I-S) approach replaced force plates with force-measuring insoles and achieved results that match the curvature of results from similar studies. Peaks in I-S kinetic results are high due to error induced by applying the ground reaction force to the talus. The Wearable-ANN (W-A) approach combines wearables with artificial neural networks to compute the same results. Compared against the I-S, the W-A approach performs well (average rRMSE = 18%, R^{2 …}

A Review Of The Latest Insights Into The Mechanism Of Action Of Strontium In Bone, Daniella Marx, Alireza Rahimnejad Yazdi, Marcello Papini, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Interest in strontium (Sr) has persisted over the last three decades due to its unique mechanism of action: it simultaneously promotes osteoblast function and inhibits osteoclast function. While this mechanism of action is strongly supported by in vitro studies and small animal trials, recent large-scale clinical trials have demonstrated that orally administered strontium ranelate (SrRan) may have no anabolic effect on bone formation in humans. Yet, there is a strong correlation between Sr accumulation in bone and reduced fracture risk in post-menopausal women, suggesting Sr acts via a purely physiochemical mechanism to enhance bone strength. Conversely, the local administration of …

Alternative Epinephrine Auto-Injector, Joshua Wong, Uriel Nieves-Cruz, Tara Howard

Biomedical Engineering

Project: Alternative Epinephrine Injector started as a solution for Bianca Aleman’s little brother however the scope has evolved to include the many millions of individuals across the world who struggle with a life-threatening allergen. The stakeholders of this project are Cal Poly and Dr. Michael D. Whitt. Our goals are the following:

● Develop a foolproof method of injection that consistently delivers a dosage of epinephrine

● Be equal or less than the current size of an EpiPen (6 in)

● Be easy to transport or store when not-in-use

● Create an isolated environment where the epinephrine will not be …

Virtual Stethoscope - Otoscope, Ermen J. Elenes-Cazares, Ceasar A. Hurtado, Thomas M. Margolle

Biomedical Engineering

The purpose of this report was to develop a working prototype for a virtual stethoscope and otoscope. Sponsored by Courtney Farr, the virtual diagnostic care system – HouseCalls Mobile digital stethoscope/otoscope is meant for use by medical professionals and non – medical professionals for preliminary medical exams while physically not in a medical setting. The HouseCalls Mobile device is to characterize key biometric parameters such as breathing patterns, heart irregularities, and visual clinical evaluation of the inner ear. This device is intended for pediatric use.