Determination Of Anthropogenic Radionuclides In Ocean Water Using Extraction Chromatography, 2018 University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Determination Of Anthropogenic Radionuclides In Ocean Water Using Extraction Chromatography, Jaimie Daum
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
In the aftermath of the reactor accident in Fukushima, it has become obvious that there is a severe lack in methods that would allow for the rapid determination of anthropogenic radionuclides in ocean water. Current radioanalytical techniques for the determination of radionuclides in natural waters have a number of disadvantages including the fact that they are time consuming, generate a substantial amount of waste, and are typically multi-step processes. Additionally, the elevated amount of dissolved ions in ocean water imparts a complex matrix that can interfere with the rapid separation and determination of anthropogenic radionuclides. Therefore, due to the size, …
Extraction And Purification Of (E)-Resveratrol From The Bark Of Maine's Native Spruces, 2018 University of Maine
Extraction And Purification Of (E)-Resveratrol From The Bark Of Maine's Native Spruces, Panduka S. Piyaratne
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Resveratrol is a plant secondary metabolite which protects plants from pathogenic invasions and acts as a remedial agent against injury, stress, and tissue damage by UV radiation. With its characteristic stilbene structure, resveratrol adopts (E) and (Z) isomeric forms. However, the (E) isomer is the most biologically active and abundant form of resveratrol in nature.
(E)- Resveratrol confers a variety of benefits to human health and well-being. Besides its antioxidant activity, the role of (E)-resveratrol as an anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, cardioprotection, and anticancer agent has been a widely explored research interest. …
Designing A Calibration Set In Spectral Space For Efficient Development Of An Nir Method For Tablet Analysis, 2018 Duquesne University
Designing A Calibration Set In Spectral Space For Efficient Development Of An Nir Method For Tablet Analysis, Md Anik Alam
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Designing a calibration set is the first step in developing a spectroscopic calibration method for quantitative analysis of pharmaceutical tablets. This step is critical because successful model development depends on the suitability of the calibration data. For spectroscopic-based methods, traditional concentration based techniques for designing calibration sets are prone to have redundant information while simultaneously lacking necessary information for a successful calibration model. The traditional method also follows the same design approach for different spectroscopic techniques and different formulations, thereby lacks the optimizing capability to be technique and formulation specific.
A method for designing a calibration set in the Near …
Fast Identification Of Components Commonly Used In Homemade Explosives By Spectroscopic And Chemometric Methods, 2018 Kennesaw State University
Fast Identification Of Components Commonly Used In Homemade Explosives By Spectroscopic And Chemometric Methods, Deidre Day Vandenbos, Huggins Msimanga, Christopher Dockery
Master of Science in Chemical Sciences Theses
Homemade explosives (HMEs) have become a global pandemic. This forensic research focuses on developing identification methods that can provide quick, cost effective, non-destructive analysis using portable instrumentation. These capabilities would be invaluable to first responders, military, and security officials to establish an evidentiary link between a suspect and a reference in cases of HMEs, IEDs, arson and environmental contamination.
Modern methods for quick identification of the fuels and oxidant sources used in manufacturing HMEs, include Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy. Visual confirmation alone, however, is not strong enough to discriminate chemicals with nearly identical spectra, which occurs when …
Design And Development Of A Quartz Crystal Microbalance Immunosensor For Exosomes, 2018 University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Design And Development Of A Quartz Crystal Microbalance Immunosensor For Exosomes, Wesley Cox
Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects
No abstract provided.
Photoelectrochemical Studies On Non-Noble Metal Based Catalysts Towards Tandem Solar Water Splitting, 2018 University of Southern Mississippi
Photoelectrochemical Studies On Non-Noble Metal Based Catalysts Towards Tandem Solar Water Splitting, Arun Siddarth Sridhar
Dissertations
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting makes direct use of solar energy incident on semiconductor photoelectrodes, and it is a convenient, economic option to produce high purity hydrogen at low temperatures. The use of multiple light absorbers can increase overall solar energy utilization and provide a solution to the trade-off between overall band gap and band edge positioning of photoelectrodes specific to solar water oxidation and water reduction. The study of non-noble metal based catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reactions (OER) are essential for economic practical commercialization of photo-electrolyzers. This dissertation focuses on the use of a variety …
Surface Reaction And Diffusion Kinetics In Semiconducting Metal Oxide Film Gas Sensors, 2018 University of Maine
Surface Reaction And Diffusion Kinetics In Semiconducting Metal Oxide Film Gas Sensors, Aravind Reghu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Chemiresistive metal oxide gas sensors based on materials such as SnO2, ZnO, and TiO2, have been investigated extensively by many researchers for a wide range of applications. The band bending model, based on the surface chemistry of highly reactive ionosorbed species (O2- or O-) and the semiconducting material properties of SnO2, TiO2 and ZnO, adequately predicts the dependence of the change in sensor conductivity (Δσ) as a function of target gas pressure and temperature. However, the band bending model is not applicable to gas sensors based on reducible oxides …
Detrital Protein Contributes To Oyster Nutrition And Growth In The Damariscotta Estuary, Maine, Usa, 2018 University of Maine School of Marine Science, Darling Marine Center
Detrital Protein Contributes To Oyster Nutrition And Growth In The Damariscotta Estuary, Maine, Usa, Cheyenne M. Adams
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Oyster aquaculture is an expanding industry that relies on identifying and utilizing natural estuarine conditions for the economically viable production of a filter-feeding crop. The eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, is the principal species currently cultured in Maine. In addition to preferentially consumed phytoplankton, various detrital complexes (non-algal and/or non-living organic matter) may provide some nutrition to C. virginica between times of phytoplankton abundance. Here I investigated the importance of detrital proteins in supporting the growth of oysters cultured in the upper Damariscotta Estuary. Oyster aquaculture in this area is highly successful and previous reports indicate that labile detrital protein …
Development Of Microdialysis Probes In Series Approach Toward Eliminating Microdialysis Sampling Calibration: Miniaturization Into A Pdms Microfluidic Device, 2018 University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Development Of Microdialysis Probes In Series Approach Toward Eliminating Microdialysis Sampling Calibration: Miniaturization Into A Pdms Microfluidic Device, Randy Espinal Cabrera
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
A new microdialysis sampling method and microfluidic device were developed in vitro. The method consisted of using up to four microdialysis sampling probes connected in series to evaluate the relative recovery (RR) of different model solutes methyl orange, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran average mol. wt. 4,000 (FITC-4), FITC-10, FITC-20, and FITC-40. Different flow rates (0.8, 1.0, and 1.5 µL/min) were used to compare experimentally observed relative recoveries with theoretical estimations. With increasing the number of probes in series, the relative recovery increases and ~100% (99.7% ± 0.9%) relative recovery for methyl orange was obtained. For larger molecules such as fluorescein isothiocyanate …
Eyring Activation Energy Analysis Of Acetic Anhydride Hydrolysis In Acetonitrile Cosolvent Systems, 2018 East Tennessee State University
Eyring Activation Energy Analysis Of Acetic Anhydride Hydrolysis In Acetonitrile Cosolvent Systems, Nathan Mitchell
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Acetic anhydride hydrolysis in water is considered a standard reaction for investigating activation energy parameters using cosolvents. Hydrolysis in water/acetonitrile cosolvent is monitored by measuring pH vs. time at temperatures from 15.0 to 40.0 °C and mole fraction of water from 1 to 0.750. This work utilizes a temperature controlled water bath and a Vernier glass-body pH probe with Vernier Logger Pro 3.10.1 software for automated data collection. Data analysis is used to determine observed kinetic rate constants under the assumption that hydrolysis is a pseudo-first-order reaction. Eyring plots were used to compare activation energy parameters under iso-mole fraction conditions. …
Photoelectrochemical Investigations On Novel Earth Abundant Solid State Catalysts For Solar Water Oxidation, 2018 University of Southern Mississippi
Photoelectrochemical Investigations On Novel Earth Abundant Solid State Catalysts For Solar Water Oxidation, Nathaniel Branimir Kurtz
Honors Theses
In light of a looming fossil fuel scarcity, many forms of alternative, clean energy production are being researched in order to provide a more sustainable source of energy production for the future. One area of research is on using novel, abundant catalytic materials in conjunction with semiconducting materials to drive the splitting of water in order to produce hydrogen gas, an energy-rich fuel. Currently, efficiency is limited by the energy bottleneck posed by the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) half of water splitting. In this work, cobalt selenide (CoSe) catalyst paired with the semiconductor iron oxide (Fe2O3) has been identified as …
Kinetics And Activation Energy Parameters For Hydrolysis Of Acetic Anhydride In A Water-Acetone Cosolvent System, 2018 East Tennessee State University
Kinetics And Activation Energy Parameters For Hydrolysis Of Acetic Anhydride In A Water-Acetone Cosolvent System, Samson Olowoyo
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The hydrolysis of acetic anhydride is a widely-studied liquid phase reaction studied since 1906. Different approaches have been used to study the kinetics of this reaction. Approaches used by researchers have involved the use of sophisticated experimental set-ups. In this work, the pH technique has been adopted which involves the use of a pH meter to monitor the hydrolysis reaction. Analysis of the hydrolysis reaction has been performed for water/acetone cosolvent systems over a range of temperatures and mole fractions. Eyring analysis was performed under isomole fraction conditions and activation enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy for hydrolysis of acetic …
Ultrafast Affinity Extraction And High-Performance Affinity Chromatography Applications For Measuring Free Drug Fractions: Interactions Of Sulfonylurea Drugs With Normal And Glycated Human Serum Albumin, 2018 University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Ultrafast Affinity Extraction And High-Performance Affinity Chromatography Applications For Measuring Free Drug Fractions: Interactions Of Sulfonylurea Drugs With Normal And Glycated Human Serum Albumin, Bao Yang
Department of Chemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Ultrafast affinity extraction was used with microcolumns containing human serum albumin (HSA) to measure the free fractions of several sulfonylurea drugs in the presence of solution-phase HSA and for the analysis of these drugs at therapeutic levels or determining their binding strengths with this protein. This approach was first used with normal HSA and the drugs glibenclamide, glipizide and glimepiride. This work used both one- and two-dimensional affinity systems based on HSA microcolumns. The first microcolumn was used to extract the free drug fractions in injected drug/protein mixtures. As the retained drug eluted from the first microcolumn, it was passed …
A Label-Free Immunosensor Based On K3[Fe(Cn)6] And Aldehyde-Functionalized Pyridinium, 2018 College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, Hunan,China;
A Label-Free Immunosensor Based On K3[Fe(Cn)6] And Aldehyde-Functionalized Pyridinium, Xia Hu, You-Ming Shen, Guang-Yu Shen
Journal of Electrochemistry
A novel aldehyde-functionalized pyridinium was successfully synthesized. Using K3[Fe(CN)6] as a redox species modified on the surface of the electrode through Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), we developed a label-free immunosensor based on aldehyde-functionalized pyridinium that was applied to simplify antibody immobilization on the electrode surface, in which no additional chemical cross-linking was required. In addition, the introduction of K3[Fe(CN)6] on the surface of electrode avoided the use of other redox species in the electrolyte solution. Under the optimal experimental conditions, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) signals corresponding to different α-Fetoprotein (AFP) concentrations were measured. …
Simulation Analysis In Dynamic Performance Of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Under Starting Condition, 2018 School of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China;
Simulation Analysis In Dynamic Performance Of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Under Starting Condition, Yan Xiao, Ying-Jie Chang, Wei Zhang, Qiu-Hong Jia
Journal of Electrochemistry
Based on the equivalent circuit model, by considering both the dynamic gas pressure model and the dynamic heat transfer model, a lumped parameter model is developed. The start process of the fuel cell is simulated by using SIMULINK software. The undershoot of the voltage is observed from the simulation results, and the response time of the voltage is basically the same as that of the fuel cell temperature, which indicates that the temperature has great influence on the dynamic performance of the fuel cell. From the perspective of the temperature, the dynamic responses of the thermodynamic potential, the activation overvoltage, …
Development Of Rules Of Attraction For Intercalated Guest Molecules Inside Of A Hydrogen Bonded Framework, 2018 University of Missouri-St. Louis
Development Of Rules Of Attraction For Intercalated Guest Molecules Inside Of A Hydrogen Bonded Framework, Matthew Fischer
Dissertations
Supramolecular chemistry has synthesized large and small molecules which host guest molecules for several decades. What started as a way to mimic of enzymes in nature, has exploded into a sea of materials such as porous coordination polymers, low-density metal-organic frameworks, inclusion compounds, and hydrogen bonded frameworks. We previously designed a layered framework consisting of a metal complex with coordinate covalent ligands. These ligands have peripheral carboxylic acid groups which hydrogen bond to organic pillars containing terminal amines. The layered structure is separated by these pillars, which are closed-packed, creating 1-dimensional channels able to co-crystallize molecules. There is interest in …
Assessment Of Catalytic Function Of Gold Nanorod-Bound Tempo Under Nir Irradiation, 2018 Georgia Southern University
Assessment Of Catalytic Function Of Gold Nanorod-Bound Tempo Under Nir Irradiation, Kristi L. St. Clair
Honors College Theses
Gold nanoparticles are of interest to a number of fields due to their size-dependent optical properties, high stability, and large surface area. The combination of these properties allows for a variety of uses including photothermal therapy, drug delivery and catalysis. Gold nanorods (GNR) absorb light of a given wavelength which stimulates the oscillation of electrons on the surface and is known as the surface plasmon resonance effect. The localized heating of rods via irradiation may cause enhanced effectiveness of an attached organic catalyst which allows the oxidation of alcohols to occur at room temperature. Previously, similar catalytic systems required high …
Conformational Dynamics Of Biomolecules By Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry Dynamics, 2018 Florida International University
Conformational Dynamics Of Biomolecules By Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry Dynamics, Juan Camilo Molano-Arévalo
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
One of the main goals in structural biology is to understand the folding mechanisms and three-dimensional structure of biomolecules. Many biomolecular systems adopt multiple structures as a function of their microenvironment, which makes them difficult to be characterized by traditional structural biology tools (e.g., NMR, X-ray crystallography). As an alternative, complementary tools that can capture and sample multiple conformations needed to be developed. In the present work, we pioneered the application of a new variant of ion mobility spectrometry, trapped ion mobility spectrometry (TIMS), which provides high mobility resolving power and the possibility to study kinetically trapped intermediates as a …
Evaluation Of Vaporization Enthalpies And Vapor Pressures Of Various Aroma And Pharmacologically Active Compounds By Correlation Gas Chromatography, 2018 University of Missouri, St. Louis
Evaluation Of Vaporization Enthalpies And Vapor Pressures Of Various Aroma And Pharmacologically Active Compounds By Correlation Gas Chromatography, Daniel Simmons
Theses
Scientists in the pharmaceutical, food, and aroma industries can benefit from reliable thermochemical data. Vaporization enthalpy and vapor pressure data are not available for all compounds. Furthermore, some literature data is conflicting. The goal of this work was to use a method called correlation gas chromatography (CGC) to generate reliable vaporization enthalpy data in instances where other experimental methods are not applicable. Vapor pressures of the targets were also calculated in cases where the required literature data on the standards used in this technique were available.
CGC involves making a standard cocktail that includes a mixture of standards and one …
Eating Crickets? Nutrient Mineral Content Of Two Cricket Species And Chapul Cricket Protein Bars Using Mp-Aes, 2018 University of Lynchburg
Eating Crickets? Nutrient Mineral Content Of Two Cricket Species And Chapul Cricket Protein Bars Using Mp-Aes, Nathan Hopkins
Student Scholar Showcase
Global agriculture is beset by numerous challenges which must be surmounted to feed a developing world, from combating climate change to the cultivation of sustainable food products. This, in addition to protein and nutrient deficiencies in the developing world, makes considering alternative protein sources, such as a crickets, an attractive option. Crickets use a fraction of the land and water that protein sources like beef cattle do, and can be cultivated in urban environments in stacked boxes. This research investigation aims to quantify the nutrient mineral content (Iron, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, and Magnesium) of two cricket species (Acheta domesticus …