An Application Of Least Square Support Vector Machine Model With Parameters Optimization For Predicting Body Weight Of Harnai Sheep Breed, Farhat Iqbal, Abdul Raziq, Zil E. Huma, Muhammad Ali Khan
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
This study utilized a model based on the least square support vector machine (LSSVM) for the prediction of body weight (BW) of sheep. Two heuristic algorithms, namely, coupled simulated annealing (CSA) and simplex method (S) were applied to tune the hyperparameters of the LSSVM model. The hybrid CSA-S-LSSVM method is then applied to the male, female and total data of the Harnai sheep breed of Pakistan. Various biometric traits such as withers height, body length, chest girth, face length, paunch circumference, ear length, the length between ears, fat tail width and fat tail length were used as predictors. Goodness of …
Effect Of Biopreservative Cultures On The Shelf Life Of Modified Atmosphere Packaged Chicken Cocktail Sausage,
2021
TÜBİTAK
Effect Of Biopreservative Cultures On The Shelf Life Of Modified Atmosphere Packaged Chicken Cocktail Sausage, Sevgi̇ Ataş, Gökhan Kürşad İnci̇li̇, Hali̇l Durmuşoğlu, Mehmet Çalicioğlu
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
The present study was undertaken to extend the shelf life of modified atmosphere packaged chicken cocktail sausages by using biopreservative cultures (Lactobacillus sakei (B-2) and Lactobacillus curvatus (B-LC-48)). According to the results, cocktail sausages in control group stored either at 4 °C or 10 °C were spoiled as of day 28 due to a decrease in average flavor score and general acceptance score and increases in mesophilic and psychrotrophic colony counts (p < 0.05). In bioprotective cultures treated groups, no spoilage was detected throughout the 60-day storage at 4 °C, whereas those products stored at 10 °C spoiled as of day 42. Results of this study indicated that the bioprotective cultures tested were able to control the spoilage bacteria by establishing bacterial predominance starting from the first day of the shelf life (p < 0.05). It was concluded that these cultures can be useful in chicken cocktail sausages production, especially when a proper cold chain cannot be guaranteed during transportation and at retail.
The Relation Of Fat Tissue Hormones And Some Galactopoietic Hormones With Milk Yield In Holstein And Simmental Cows,
2021
TÜBİTAK
The Relation Of Fat Tissue Hormones And Some Galactopoietic Hormones With Milk Yield In Holstein And Simmental Cows, Zennure Demi̇r, Devri̇m Saripinar Aksu
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
The present study was conducted to investigate the physiological changes in leptin, adiponectin, and ghrelin hormones, which are effective in the regulation of energy metabolism, and the galactopoietic hormones including growth hormone (GH), insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), cortisol, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4 ) levels, which are also effective in the regulation of metabolic activities and their correlation with milk yield levels in Holstein and Simmental cows with low, medium, and high milk yield. Holstein (n = 30) and Simmental cows (n = 30) with low, medium, and high milk yield were used. Cows were divided into …
In Vitro Gas Production And Fatty Acids Biohydrogenation Of Diets Containing Different Unsaturated Fatty Acids Sources Plus Crude Glycerin, Arturo Samuel Gomez Insuasti, Yury Tatiana Granja-Salcedo, Julian Andres Castillo Vargas, Juliana Duarte Messana, Ana Paula De Oliveira Sader, Telma Teresinha Berchielli
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
An in vitro trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of different unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) sources plus crude glycerin (CGL) on gas production and rumen biohydrogenation (RBH). Incubated diet corresponded to diets containing corn silage (30%) and concentrate (70%) composed of corn, urea, mineral salts, CGL, and different UFA sources as follows: no additional fat (NAF), rumen protected fat (RPF), soybean oil, linoleic acid (LA) or alpha-linolenic acid (LN). Methane concentrations in LA and LN were lower compared to NAF (p < 0.001), but when CH4 was expressed as a proportion of total gas, NAF and RPF showed the greatest values among evaluated UFA sources (p = 0.001). 18:1 t11 concentration showed a faster increase from 0 to 1 h and a slower decrease from 1 to 36 h of incubation, irrespective of UFA source. A higher C18:1 t11 production rate was observed from 1 h to 5 h of incubation, where LA and LN have higher values compared to NAF and RPF diets (p < 0.001). Diets with a high content of LA may be efficient as a nutritional approach to reduce methane production and RBH, resulting in positive effects on vaccenic acid concentrations.
Effects Of Feed Restriction On Histopathological Changes Associated With Whitestriping And Wooden Breast Myopathies In Pectoralis Major Muscle And Meat Qualitycharacteristics In Broiler Chickens, Hayri̇ye Değer Oral Toplu, Ni̇hat Toplu, Ahmet Nazligül, Mehmet Kaya, Ayşe Nur Akkoç
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of feed restriction on histopathological changes associated with white striping and wooden breast myopathies in pectoralis major muscle and meat quality characteristics in broiler chickens. In total, 600 male broiler chicks were randomly divided into five groups with 8 replicate pens (15 chicks/pen). Treatments consisted of control, treatment 1 (T1), treatment 2 (T2), treatment 3 (T3) and treatment 4 (T4). Control group was fed ad libitum throughout experimental period. T1 and T2 groups received feed as 80% and 70% of amount received by the control group from 11 to 24 …
The Relationship Of Leptin And Thyroid Hormones With Milk Yield And Some Fertilityparameters In Simmental Dairy Cows During Transition Period, Özkan Duru, Alparslan Kadi̇r Devri̇m, Hasan Ceyhun Macun, Si̇bel Yasa Duru, Ali̇ Şenol
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
In this study, transition period cows were used to test the hypothesis that serum levels of leptin and thyroid hormones would correlate the production efficiency such as milk yield, body condition score, and fertility in dairy cows raised under the same controlled conditions. The study comprised 37 Simmental cows, which were 3 years old and between 257-265 days of gestation. Serum levels of leptin, T3, T4, FT3, and FT4 hormones were measured in blood samples obtained from the animals, which were in the period of 3 weeks before and 3 weeks after delivery. Prepartum serum leptin levels were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in cows having increased milk production compared to the first lactation peak value. Also, postpartum serum FT3 levels were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in cows having milk yield of ≥ 30 kg. Leptin levels were found to be inversely related with milk production and fertility. FT3 levels exhibited a negative correlation with milk production and similarly T3 levels showed an inverse correlation with body condition score. The present study proposed that routine monitoring of leptin and thyroid hormones would be useful for the reproductive management of cows with breeding problems.
Penaeid Shrimp In Chesapeake Bay: Population Growth And Black Gill Disease Syndrome,
2021
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Penaeid Shrimp In Chesapeake Bay: Population Growth And Black Gill Disease Syndrome, Troy D. Tuckey, Jillian L. Swinford, Mary C. Fabrizio, Hamish J. Small, Jeffrey D. Shields
VIMS Articles
Since 1991, the number of penaeid shrimp occurring in Virginia waters of Chesapeake Bay has steadily increased, prompting an interest in developing a fishery. Although development of a shrimp fishery in the Chesapeake Bay region could bring economic benefits, the fishery may be hampered by the presence of a disease syndrome known as shrimp black gill (sBG). The objectives of our study were to (1) describe the spatial distribution and abundance patterns of shrimp in Chesapeake Bay, (2) relate relative abundance of shrimp to habitat characteristics, and (3) determine the presence and seasonality of sBG to better understand disease dynamics …
A Subtropical Nudibranch, Polycera Hummi (Abbott 1952), Described For The First Time From Virginia,
2021
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
A Subtropical Nudibranch, Polycera Hummi (Abbott 1952), Described For The First Time From Virginia, Wissan A. Jawad, Stacy A. Kruger-Hadfield, Paige G. Ross
VIMS Articles
We collected an individual Polycera hummi, a subtropical nudibranch, in association with a green macroalga Ulva sp. from an intertidal oyster reef in Burtons Bay, Wachapreague, VA. The established range of P. hummi is based solely on a handful of records from Mississippi and Florida in the Gulf of Mexico and the Carolinas in the Atlantic Ocean. This finding marks the highest latitude that this species has been found, 350 km north of its previously established range from Mississippi to Beaufort, NC. We observed the individual actively navigate the Ulva thallus which had encrusting bryozoans (unidentified genus) and arborescent …
Perspectives From The Water: Utilizing Fisher’S Observations To Inform Sne/ Ma Windowpane Science And Managemen,
2021
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Perspectives From The Water: Utilizing Fisher’S Observations To Inform Sne/ Ma Windowpane Science And Managemen, Richard J. Bell, M. Conor Mcmanus, Jason Mcnamee, James Gartland, Ben Galuardi, Chris Mcguire
VIMS Articles
Within fisheries, stakeholders often have varying viewpoints regarding natural marine resources, and use different sets information to evaluate their condition. Evaluating a resource with different sets of information can lead to different conclusions. Windowpane flounder (Scophthalmus aquosus) are a managed finfish species in the northwest Atlantic whose regulations have the potential to limit harvest opportunities for target species. We analyzed commercial trip and catch information from video data to understand local densities of windowpane flounder in conjunction with fisheries independent surveys. Video monitoring data from three Rhode Island commercial fisher’s vessels and fisheries independent trawl survey data were analyzed to …
Chemical Niche Divergence In Sympatric Lemurs: Understanding Species' Food Selection,
2021
Northern Illinois University
Chemical Niche Divergence In Sympatric Lemurs: Understanding Species' Food Selection, Chloe Nicole Marie Gherardi
Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations
The integration of nutritional ecology into primatology has provided considerable insight into the feeding strategies of primates, and the ecological factors limiting populations - critical knowledge in a world of rapidly changing habitats. The eastern rainforest of Madagascar is home to one of the world’s most diverse primate communities, often hosting over 12 sympatric lemur species; however, the ecological mechanisms by which these species are able to coexist are not well understood. Two species within this community that have been especially understudied are the nocturnal and folivorous Avahi laniger and Lepilemur mustelinus. My research team observed and collected feeding data …
Changes In The Philippine Coastal Environment,
2021
Ateneo de Manila University
Changes In The Philippine Coastal Environment, Karl H. Szekielda, Ma. Aileen Leah G. Guzman
Environmental Science Faculty Publications
Global warming is progressing at a faster speed than has been estimated earlier in climate forecasting, and the ocean responds rather quickly to global temperature increase. This study uses remotely sensed data that were accessed from the System for Multidisciplinary Research and Applications (NASA Giovanni) to study environmental change in the Philippines’ coast. Monthly averaged sea surface temperature series from around the Philippines indicate that the Philippines follow the global trend in ocean temperature increase and show the increase of about 0.50C within two decades. Despite the high variability in temperature, the linear regressions displayed for all seasons show an …
Avian Attractiveness To Vertically Polarized Light,
2021
Bard College
Avian Attractiveness To Vertically Polarized Light, Aurora Belle Kuczek
Senior Projects Spring 2021
It is well-known that many animal species can detect polarized light cues of water and water-like objects in the visible and ultraviolet range. However, studies investigating if birds can see polarized light in field-based settings are rare. Furthermore, no studies have yet been conducted to understand avian attractiveness to vertically polarized light, nor have studies considered other natural polarizers of light such as tree sap. I designed a choice-field experiment to investigate if birds can detect, and are attracted to vertically polarized light. First, I cut six pieces of clear vinyl into a foot by 54 inches. I painted each …
Predicting Carcass Cut Yields In Cattle From Digitalimages Using Artificial Intelligence,
2021
Department of Mathematics, Munster Technological University, Cork, Ireland
Predicting Carcass Cut Yields In Cattle From Digitalimages Using Artificial Intelligence, Darragh Matthews
Theses
Beef carcass classification in Europe is predicated on the EUROP grid for both fatness and conformation. Although this system performs well for grouping visually similar carcasses, it cannot be used to accurately predict meat yields from these groups, especially when considered on an individual cut level. Deep Learning (DL) has proven to be a successful tool for many image classification problems but has yet to be fully proven in a regression scenario using carcass images. Here we have trained DL models to predict carcass cut yields and compared predictions to more standard machine learning (ML) methods. Three approaches were undertaken …
Saved By The Shell: Oyster Reefs Can Shield Juvenile Blue Crabs Callinectes Sapidus,
2021
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Saved By The Shell: Oyster Reefs Can Shield Juvenile Blue Crabs Callinectes Sapidus, Katherine S. Longmire, Rochelle D. Seitz, Alison Smith, Romuald N. Lipcius
VIMS Articles
Juvenile blue crabs Callinectes sapidus use seagrass and other structured habitats as refuges from predation. Oyster reef habitats provide structural complexity that may offer refuge, but the value of these habitats for juvenile blue crabs has not been examined. We quantified survival of juvenile C. sapidus in structured oyster reef habitat versus unstructured soft-bottom habitat. In a field tethering experiment in the York River, lower Chesapeake Bay (USA), juvenile C.sapidus (10−50 mm carapace width [CW]) were tethered in sand (n = 40) or oyster reef (n = 39)habitats at subtidal sites 1−2 m deep. An underwater camera system was used …
Methods For Identifying Species Complexes Using A Novel Suite Of Multivariate Approaches And Multiple Data Sources: A Case Study With Gulf Of Alaska Rockfish,
2021
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Methods For Identifying Species Complexes Using A Novel Suite Of Multivariate Approaches And Multiple Data Sources: A Case Study With Gulf Of Alaska Rockfish, Kristen L. Omori, Cindy A. Tribuzo, Elizabeth A. Babcock, John M. Hoenig
VIMS Articles
International and national laws governing the management of living marine resources generally require specification of harvest limits. To assist with the management of data-limited species, stocks are often grouped into complexes and assessed and managed as a single unit. The species that comprise a complex should have similar life history, susceptibility to the fishing gear, and spatial distribution, such that common management measures will likely lead to sustainable harvest of all species in the complex. However, forming complexes to meet these standards is difficult due to the lack of basic biological or fisheries data to inform estimates of biological vulnerability …
Effect Of Environmental History On The Physiology And Acute Stress Response Of The Eastern Oyster Crassostrea Virginica,
2021
William & Mary - Department of Biology
Effect Of Environmental History On The Physiology And Acute Stress Response Of The Eastern Oyster Crassostrea Virginica, Jill Ashey, Emily B. Rivest
VIMS Articles
Environmental history (regimes of water quality to which an organism has been exposed in the past) may influence how the physiology of eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica responds to future environmental conditions caused by climate change. Previous research has examined environmental history in a 1-dimensional framework, failing to capture environmental history complexity through space and time. In this study, we examined environmental history as a multi-faceted parameter, incorporating abiotic water quality components, such as temperature, pH, and salinity, that differ among locations. We also assessed how different lengths of environmental histories, defined as proximal and distal, affected oyster physiology and stress …
A Taxonomic Review Of The Family Trachipteridae (Lampridiformes), With An Emphasis On Taxa Distributed In The Western Pacific Ocean,
2021
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
A Taxonomic Review Of The Family Trachipteridae (Lampridiformes), With An Emphasis On Taxa Distributed In The Western Pacific Ocean, Jennifer Martin, Eric J. Hilton
VIMS Articles
The family Trachipteridae—the Ribbonfishes, Dealfishes, and their relatives—has a circumglobal distribution, with at least 10 species in three genera (Zu Walters & Fitch 1960, Desmodema Walters & Fitch 1960, and Trachipterus Goüan 1770) that are characterized by elongate, extremely laterally compressed bodies, large eyes, absence of ribs, spines on lateral-line scales, greatly protrusible mouths, and a lack of pelvic fins in adults. They are also known for the drastic morphological changes that occur during ontogeny. Trachipterids are poorly represented in collections due to the fragile nature of their bodies. Most studies of the Trachipteridae have been limited by the …
Sperm Repository For A Breeding Program Of The Eastern Oyster Crassostrea Virginica: Sample Collection, Processing, Cryopreservation, And Data Management Plan,
2021
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Sperm Repository For A Breeding Program Of The Eastern Oyster Crassostrea Virginica: Sample Collection, Processing, Cryopreservation, And Data Management Plan, H. Yang, Y. Huo, J. C. Yee, S. Rickard, W. C. Walton, E. Saillant
VIMS Articles
The Eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica (Family Ostreidae) is one of the most important fishery and aquaculture species in the U.S. and is a keystone species for coastal reefs. A breeding program was initiated in 2019 to support the fast‐growing aquaculture industry culturing this species in the Gulf of Mexico. Oysters from 17 wild populations in embayment along the U.S. Gulf of Mexico coast from southwest Florida to the Matagorda Bay, Texas were used as broodstock for the program to maximize genetic diversity in the base population. A sperm repository of the broodstock was established to support the breeding project. The …
Attainability Of Accurate Age Frequencies For Ocean Quahogs (Arctica Islandica) Using Large Datasets: Protocol, Reader Precision, And Error Assessment,
2021
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Attainability Of Accurate Age Frequencies For Ocean Quahogs (Arctica Islandica) Using Large Datasets: Protocol, Reader Precision, And Error Assessment, Kathleen M. Hemeon, Eric N. Powell, Eric Robillard, Sara M. Pace, Theresa E. Redmond, Roger Mann
VIMS Articles
Ocean quahogs (Arctica islandica) are the longest lived bivalve on Earth. Individuals on the deep continental shelf off Georges Bank can survive for centuries, and in the colder, boreal waters of Iceland, ages over 500 y can be reached. Ocean quahog landings in the United States represent a $24 million industry, yet assessment models operate with no age data because of the substantial sample size required to develop adequate population age distributions for such a long-lived species, the unknown error associated with age estimates, and the extensive time and financial investment required to create production-scale age datasets. Inclusion …
A Common Love Of Science: The One-Hundredth Meeting Of The American Society Of Ichthyologists And Herpetologists,
2021
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
A Common Love Of Science: The One-Hundredth Meeting Of The American Society Of Ichthyologists And Herpetologists, Eric J. Hilton, Aaron M. Bauer, Katherine E. Bemis, Et Al
VIMS Articles
One of the most important functions of an academic society such as the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists (ASIH) is to host conferences for colleagues to directly share and debate ideas and data. Academic society meetings have a long history that grew from social meetings of the privileged in the 16th and 17th centuries during which scientific topics were discussed. Scientific meetings of any nature can provide a stimulating environment to discuss and argue points (Unglow, 2002), as alluded to by Joseph Priestley (1733–1804) in the epigraph, which was written with fond memory of the Lunar Society …
