Effect Of Clear Aligner Therapy On Masticatory Muscle Tenderness And Orthodontic Pain, Johnny Tran

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Introduction: Patients undergoing orthodontic clear aligner therapy (CAT) may experience discomfort in their teeth and jaws, and often present with visible wear on their aligners. This multi-site prospective clinical study aimed to analyze tooth pain and masticatory muscle tenderness in patients subjected to CAT with Invisalign©.

Methods: Twenty-seven healthy adults undergoing treatment with Invisalign© were recruited from three university-based orthodontic clinics. Tooth pain and muscle tenderness were reported on visual analog scales in pain diaries prior to, and after starting CAT. Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) measured using pressure algometers were used to assess somatosensory changes in trigeminal and extra-trigeminal locations. …

Orthodontic Bond Strength Comparison Between Two Filled Resin Sealants, James Kolstad

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Sealants are used in orthodontics to help prevent demineralization during treatment. The objective of this study was to determine if there is a difference in the shear bond strength (SBS) between two different resin sealants bonded to teeth. Materials and Methods: Extracted human premolars (n=20/group) were randomly divided and prepared by acid etching, followed by application of primer or sealant. Group 1, the control group, used Transbond XT Primer (3M Unitek). Groups 2 and 3 were prepared with the sealants L.E.D. Pro Seal (Reliance Orthodontic Products) and Opal Seal (Opal Orthodontics) respectively. Transbond XT Adhesive was applied to a …

Evaluation Of The Biocompatibility And Micromechanical Properties Of Experimental Dental Adhesives, Hoda Moussa

Forensic Science Theses

The purpose of this study was to investigate the biocompatibility and micromechanical properties of newly synthesized antibacterial monomer and cross-linker functional surfactants into a commercially available dental adhesive (Single Bond, 3M ESPE, Saint Paul, MN, USA) at three concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.25 mg/mg). All groups were analyzed by evaluation of micro-tensile bond strength, ultimate tensile strength, cell viability, antibacterial properties, and surface micro-hardness. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for interfacial characterization.

Human extracted molars were used as a substrate for bonding adhesives for the micro-tensile bond strength (MTBS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies. Twenty resin-dentin beams (0.9 ± …

Effect Of Porcelain Thickness And Translucency On The Final Shade Of Ips E.Max Cad Overlaying A Dark Substrate., Peter F. Alena

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

IPS e.max is a very esthetic lithium disilicate used in dental ceramics. Unfortunately, it can unintentionally change color after cementation with resin cements. The purpose of this study is to better understand how combining thickness and translucency affects the post-cementation shade of IPS e.max CAD overlaying a dark substrate, thereby enabling clinicians to choose more appropriate techniques and materials. IPS e.max CADs (A1 shade) had either a low translucency (LT) or high translucency (HT), and cut with 0.3mm, 0.5mm, and 1.0mm thicknesses. Each sample overlaid a resin cement and dark substrate, a spectrophotometer helped derive the color difference (ΔE*ab), and …

Chlorine Stain And The Oral Cavity, Alexandra B. Moore

Dental Hygiene ETDs

Swimming is known worldwide as one of the healthiest, low-impact forms of exercise and for the subsequent promotion of a strong body, heart, and mind. However, many swimmers and non-swimmers do not realize that swimming in a pool can have a negative effect on the oral cavity. Several studies have suggested that pool chlorination is responsible for dental erosion, calculus formation, and stain in competitive and recreational swimmers, and this phenomenon is known as ‘swimmer’s mouth.’ A pilot experimental research study was conducted that evaluated the prevalence of chlorine stain in the oral cavity of twenty-one female swimmers from the …

Evaluation Of Fit For 3d Printed Retainers As Compared To Thermoform Retainers, David J. Cole

Theses and Dissertations

ABSTRACT

EVALUATION OF FIT FOR 3D PRINTED RETAINERS AS COMPARED TO THERMOFORM RETAINERS

By David Cole, D.M.D.

A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Dentistry at Virginia Commonwealth University

Thesis Directors: Eser Tüfekçi, D.D.S., M.S., Ph.D., M.S.H.A.

Professor, Department of Orthodontics

Sompop Bencharit, D.D.S., M.S., Ph.D.

Associate Professor and Director of Digital Dentistry, Department of General Practice

Introduction: Despite recent advances in three-dimensional (3D) printing, little information is available on 3D printed retainers

Methods: Three reference models were used to fabricate traditional vacuum formed, commercially-available vacuum formed, and 3D printed …

A Comparison Of The Antimicrobial Efficacy Of Silver Diamine Fluoride And Silver Nitrate: An In Vitro Study, Nicholas L. Luke

Theses and Dissertations

A COMPARISON OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF SILVER DIAMINE FLUORIDE AND SILVER NITRATE: AN IN VITRO STUDY

By: Nicholas L Luke, D.D.S.

A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Dentistry at Virginia Commonwealth University.

Virginia Commonwealth University, May 2018

Thesis Advisor: William O. Dahlke Jr., D.M.D.

Pediatric Dentistry, Department Chair

Purpose: To determine the antimicrobial efficacy of SDF and SN/NaF.

Methods: Three bacterial species were combined to create an in vitro biofilm. Treatment was completed with SN, SN/NaF, SDF, SDF½ or untreated (control).

Results: The untreated group demonstrated significantly higher …

Comparison Of Three Dimensional Accuracy For Surgical Guided Template Fabrication Using Two Different Implant Planning Software Programs, Natchaya Thitaphanich

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Statement of problem: Static computer-assisted implantation system (s-CAIS) has been introduced to implant dentistry for decades. According to previous studies, they were recognised the inaccuracies of actual implant position placed via using static computer-assisted implantation system. These inaccuracies result from an accumulation of every step in the workflow from planning to accuracy assessment. Recently, there are multiple implant planning softwares available. coDiagnostiXTM software and Implant StudioTM software are widely used third-party implant planning softwares which claimed to provide predictable implant placement outcome. However, the effect of softwares used on accuracy of guided surgery in anterior maxilla region has not been …

Relationship Between Maxillary Anterior Alveolar Arch Form And Tooth Root Axis In Class I Occlusion: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study, Suweera Petaibunlue

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Purpose: This study determined the relationships of the angulation between tooth root axis and alveolar bone axis to the anterior alveolar (AA) arch forms and the sagittal root position (SRP) classification in anterior esthetic region using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.
Materials and Methods: CBCT images which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were classified according to a novel classification of AA arch forms (Bulyalert 2018) and a SRP classification (Kan 2011). Then, the angulations of the root axis and the alveolar bone axis were measured using the mid-sagittal CBCT images of each tooth. The relationship of the angulations in …

Comparison Of Microtensile Bond Strength Of Universal Adhesives Utilizing Various Application Methods: An In Vitro Study, Suthatta Jeansuwannagorn

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Purpose: To investigate microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of a conventional three-step etch and rinse, and universal adhesive systems with etch and rinse mode utilizing various application methods at 24 hour and after 6 month water-­storage. Material and methods: Seventy-­two extracted human third molars were cut to expose a flat dentin surface. Optibond FL (OFL; Kerr, USA), Single Bond Universal (SU; 3M ESPE, USA), Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (CU; Kuraray Noritake Dental Inc., Japan), G-­Premio BOND (GP; GC Corporation, Japan), Prime&Bond Universal (PB; Dentsply, Germany) were used in etch and rinse mode following the manufacturers' instruction and double application method. Subsequently, …

Comparison Of The Accuracy Between Digital And Conventional Impression In Different Multiple Implant Angles At Posterior Mandibular Region Using Innovation 3d Super Imposition Software Program; In Vitro Study, Arisa Hongsopa

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Statement of problem: This study aims to compare the accuracy of three-dimensional changes in position and angulation between digital and conventional impression techniques in different angulated implants at the mandibular partial edentulous area with the use of a mandibular partial edentulous reference model with 4 dental implants in different angulations (15 degrees buccally,lingually, mesially, and distally). Conventional and digital impression techniques were used for master model and fabricated 15 conventional master casts and 15 three dimensional printing models. Each scan body was connected with implant or analog to transfer implant positions. All of the master model, master casts, and printing …

Fracture Resistance Of Occlusal Ceramic And Composite Molar Onlay Comparing To Lithium Disilicate Molar Crown, Jatuporn Luekiatpaisarn

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Purpose: This in vitro study evaluated fracture strengths and failure modes of thin occlusal onlays fabricated from direct resin composite, CAD/CAM polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network, and CAD/CAM lithium-disilicate glass ceramic under compressive loading. Materials and Methods: Forty extracted maxillary molars were prepared, including occlusal enamel and dentin removal, leaving two dentin slopes with peripheral enamel. Thirty teeth were restored with 0.6-mm-thick occlusal onlays using direct resin composite (Premise), CAD/CAM polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network (Vita Enamic), and CAD/CAM lithium-disilicate glass ceramic (IPS e.max CAD). Others were restored with IPS e.max CAD crowns. All restored teeth were loaded vertically by means of a universal testing machine. …

Using Of Low Modulus Of Elasticity Base In High C-Factor Resin Composite Restoration: An In Vitro Study, Jomnang Yoohun

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This in vitro study aims to investigate whether or not using a resin modified glass ionomer as a base or intermediate layer would improve marginal integrity of a high C-factor class V resin composite restoration. Eighty non-carious human third molars were used. A box-shaped, 5x3x2.5 mm3, Class V cavity preparation was placed on buccal surface at the cementoenamel junction. Teeth were then randomly assigned to 8 experimental groups (n=10): group 1, Resin composite (FiltekTM Z350 XT); group 2, FiltekTM Bulkfill; groups 3 and 4, resin composite with FiltekTM Z350 XT Flowable as base; groups 5 and 6, resin composite with …

Dentin Microshear Bond Strength Of Various Luting Agents To Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramics, Natthapong Itthipongsatorn

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Statement of problem. Performance of adhesive and resin luting cements used to bond zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramics (ZLS) to dentin has not been well established. Purpose. To examine microshear bond strength (µSBS) of etch-and-rinse adhesive system, universal adhesive and self-adhesive resin cement that were used to bond ZLS to dentin. Material and Methods. Vita Suprinity® (VS, Vita Zahnfabrik) and Celtra® Duo (CD, Dentsply Sirona) blocks were sectioned into 36 and 72 microbars (1×1×3 mm3) respectively. All VS were crystallized, while half of CD were additionally fired and defined as fired-Celtra® Duo (FCD). The others were defined as unfired-Celtra® Duo (UCD). …

Accuracy Comparison Of Static Cais Vs Dynamic Cais In Single Space Loss At Upper Anterior Region In Four Types Of Bone Density, Phloi Chaisuwannarak

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Purpose: To compare the precision of implant placement in the single space missing of anterior tooth in different circumstances of bone type using static CAIS system (Co-diagnostic system Straumann ®) and dynamic CAIS system (E-PED, I-RIS100). The author hypothesized that the overall accuracy of implant placement using static and dynamic CAIS system among four types of bone are not different. Methodology: 64 upper models with artificial bone density D1-D4, divided in to 2 main groups of static CAIS group and dynamic CAIS, which each subgroups contain 8 models for individual bone group, were prepared with single space edentulism on tooth …

Fracture Resistance Of Endodontically Treated Premolars With Deep Cervical Lesion Restored With And Without Post In Different Restorations, Phrohphrim Suebsawadphatthana

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of fiber posts and different restorations on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated maxillary premolars with cervical cavities. Methods: In forty extracted human first maxillary premolars, cervical cavities were prepared simulating cervical lesions and randomly divided into four groups (n=10): COM-NP, endodontically treated teeth (ETT) restored with resin composite without fiber posts; ON-NP, ETT restored with CAD/CAM ceramic onlays without fiber posts; COM-P, ETT restored with resin composite and fiber posts; and CR-P, ETT restored with CAD/CAM ceramic crowns and fiber posts. After the fiber posts and restorations had …

The Peri-Implant Soft Tissue Reactions And Cytokine Expressions Around Different Abutment Materials : Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial, Prapaphan Jaikla

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Objectives : Stable peri-implant soft tissue around transmucosal zone are the crucial factor for long-term success and survival of dental implants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokine around 3 types of abutment materials : titanium (Ti), zirconium oxide (Zr) and gold alloy (Au). Methodology : 15 dental implants were enrolled in this study. Clinical parameters and peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) were collected at weeks 4, 6, 8 and 10. The soft tissue characteristics were demonstrated using plaque assessment score and mucosal condition score. Cytokine levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay …

Binding Of Salivary Proteins To Orthodontic Brackets, Maria Pia Canales

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different orthodontic materials on the formation of the protein pellicle on the bracket surface.

Materials and Methods: We used X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) to analyze the atomic composition of orthodontic metallic and ceramic brackets. Following XPS, the brackets were immersed in human whole saliva supernatant for 2-hour incubation at 37°C. Hydroxyapatite (HA) discs were used as control. Acquired pellicle was harvested with sonication for each group, and liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry was used for protein identification.

Results: Differences reported by XPS and mass spectrometry were noted …

Thermal Properties Of Commonly Used Clear Aligner Systems As-Received And After Clinical Use, Louis Wenger

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the thermal properties, particularly glass transition temperature, of the polymers that are used to fabricate three different types of modern orthodontic aligners. Invisalign, (Align Technology, Inc, Santa Clara, CA, USA), Simpli5 (Allesee Orthodontic Appliances, Sturtevant, WI, USA), and ClearCorrect (ClearCorrect, Round Rock, TX, USA) were examined both as-received and after clinical use to determine if any differences were present both between and within aligners. Materials/Methods: Orthodontic aligners were collected from three different patients using the systems under investigation after two weeks of intraoral use. Duplicate, un-used samples were obtained from the …

The Effect Of Heat Treatment On The Bending Properties Of A Cobalt-Chromium Orthodontic Wire, Alex Schwab

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Elgiloy, a brand name of the original cobalt-chromium orthodontic wire, has been around for more than 50 years; yet despite this, little literature is available. Most of the literature on Elgiloy wires tends to evaluate the wires in tension. For these reasons, this study aimed to determine the bending properties of the four available tempers of Elgiloy wires and how heat treatment affects the wires’ bending properties. Materials and Methods: All four tempers of Elgiloy (red, yellow, green, and blue) were ordered in straight lengths containing 20 wires per pack that are each 0.018 inches in diameter and 14 …

Viability Of Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts After Time In Tooth Storage Media, Scott Macdonald

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Periodontal ligament cell viability at the time of tooth replantation is of utmost importance for proper repair of the damaged tissues (1). Multiple different options are currently available for storage of an avulsed tooth. The goal of this study was to investigate new storage media and evaluate their ability to maintain cell viability over time. Materials and Methods: Cultured human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLF) were seeded on 96-well plates. These cells were exposed to different storage media including: Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS), EMT Toothsaver (EMT), Save-A-Tooth (SAT), trehalose (T300), cell culture media, water, and different formulations of HBSS combined …

An Investigation Of Surface Characteristics Of Enamel Treated With Infiltrative Resin: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study, Danielle E. Easterly

Theses and Dissertations

AN INVESTIGATION OF SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS OF ENAMEL TREATED WITH INFILTRATIVE RESIN: A SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY STUDY

Danielle E. Easterly, Doctorate of Dental Surgery.

A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Dentistry at Virginia Commonwealth University.

Virginia Commonwealth University. 2017.

Director: Dr. Eser Tüfekçi

D.D.S., M.S., Ph.D., M.S.H.A.

Objective: To evaluate the microstructural changes of a resin infiltrant (ICON®, DMG America LLC, Englewood, NJ) after six months of simulated toothbrushing.

Materials and Methods: Ten extracted third molars (n=10) were collected. Artificial white spot lesions were created and resin applied. Environmental SEM …

A Comparison Of Taper-Implant Designs And Bone Quality On The Primary Stability: An In Vitro Biomechanical Study, Ratchaya Chayangsu

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Objective To investigate the effect of the taper-implant design and the effect of bone quality on the primary stability in terms of insertion torque test, removal torque test and resonance frequency analysis. Methods Five taper-implant designs were test in artificial bone blocks with four qualities. Five repetitions per implant design were placed in each bone quality started from softest bone block. The implant motor was used to prepared the osteotomy sites and implant insertion according to manufacturers' recommendation. Peak insertion torque values were measured and recorded by implant motor when the platform of the implant flush to the bone level. …

The Longevity Of Ceramic Veneers: Clinical Evaluation Of Mechanical, Biological, And Esthetic Performances Of Ceramic Veneers Up To 7-Years Retrospective Study, Rapeepan Monaraks

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Purpose: To evaluate the longevity and mechanical, biological and aesthetic performance of ceramic veneers placed after 5 to 7 years in service. Materials and Methods: Ceramic veneer restorations were clinically examined following modified from the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) and World Dental Federation (FDI) criteria. Clinical evaluation was performed by two clinicians regarding mechanical, biological and aesthetic performances during maintenance appointments between September 2016 and August 2017. Intra-examiner and inter-examiner reliability were evaluated by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient and inter-examiner calibration. The results were analysed by Kaplan-Meier survival estimation method and log-rank test at a 95% confidence …

Immunohistochemical Assessment Of The Peri-Implant Soft Tissues Around Different Abutment Materials : An Experimental Study In Human, Sirikarn Thongmeearkom

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Objective To evaluate the effect of 4 different types of abutment material, which are titanium, zirconium oxide, gold alloy, and zirconia-coping cemented on titanium-base, on the surrounding soft tissues. Material and Methods Twenty dental implants in posterior edentulous area were randomly divided into 4 groups and inserted 4 types of abutment materials; Titanium, zirconia, gold-alloy, and titanium-base, on the implant installation surgery day. Eight weeks after implant surgery, peri-implant soft tissues around experimental abutments were harvested and split according to implant side; buccal, lingual, mesial, and distal. The specimens were processed through immunohistochemical preparation and stained with CD3, CD20, CD68, …

Evaluation Of Push Out Bond Strength Of Glass Fiber Post Related With Ultrasonic Irrigation, Nomjit Vidhyaphum

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Objective This study compared the bond strength of glass fiber post to dentin using different irrigation methods and solutions and to evaluate the bond strength in different regions of the root. Methods One hundred human anterior maxillary teeth were randomly divided into 10 groups (n=10). Root canal filling and post space preparation were carried out followed by diverse final irrigation techniques. Groups 1 to 3 underwent syringe irrigation, groups 4 to 6 irrigation with ultrasonic instrumentation and groups 7 to 9 passive ultrasonic irrigation. Different irrigant solutions were used in each groups as 2.5% NaOCl (groups 1,4,7), 17% EDTA (groups …

Microleakage Of Enamel Preservation At Gingival Wall Of Class Ii Resin Composite Restorations (Nanofilled Vs Bulk-Fill), Onladda Pisuttiwong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Objectives. This in vitro study tested the hypothesis that preserving a thin enamel layer at the gingival margin and using bulk-fill resin composites could minimize microleakage of class II resin composite. Materials and Methods. Thirty-six human third molars were randomly divided into three groups of 12 specimens each: Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior Restorative in Capsules (BFC), Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior Restorative in Syringes (BFS) and Filtek Z350 XT (Z350). Teeth were prepared on two sides for a class II cavity (3 mm buccolingually x 2 mm mesiodistally at occlusal and 1.5 mm at coronal x 4 mm of axial depth) …

Effect Of Remineralization On Color Change Of Bleached Tooth, Panita Suttisakpakdee

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of remineralization and time on the color and microhardness change of teeth bleached using 10% carbamide peroxide (10%CP) or 40% hydrogen peroxide (40%HP). Seventy-two 6x6x2 mm3 enamel slabs were prepared from human premolars. The specimens' color and Vickers' microhardness were recorded at baseline (T0). The specimens were divided into six groups, two groups were treated with 10%CP with or without casein phosphopeptides and amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) (10%CP and 10% CP/CPP-ACP, respectively), two groups were treated with 40% HP with or without CPP-ACP (40%HP and 40%HP/CPP-ACP, respectively), one …

The Overall Esthetic Assessment Of Anterior Single-Tooth Implant Restoration: Modified Objective Criteria, Pongsakorn Komutpol

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Objectives: The aim of this study was to observe the correlation of esthetic outcomes of single-tooth implant restoration when using Pink Esthetic Score/White Esthetic Score and the new modified assessment (Modified Objective Criteria; MOC) Materials and Methods: This crossectional retrospective study, up to 5 years, recruited 26 patients who single implant in maxillary central incisor area was placed. All the implants were recalled. Demographic data, intraoral photograph, dental model, periapical radiograph and CBCT were taken. One examiner assessed the esthetic outcomes by using PES/WES and MOC (gingiva, prosthesis and bone foundation) with 2 weeks between each evaluation. The score of …

Host Responses In Peri Implant Tissue In Comparison To Periodontal Tissue, Raviporn Madarasmi

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The host response in peri-implant tissue may differ from that in periodontal tissue in a healthy individual. The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression of inflammatory cytokines in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF)from single implant with two different abutment types in comparison to healthy periodontal tissue. Moreover, the effect of these inflammatory cytokines on the expression of FAK and RANKL were also studied. Nineteen participants with healthy implants and teeth were recruited according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. PICF and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected using sterile paper points. The expression level of inflammatory cytokines including …