Health Policy Commons^™

Flyer: Bill Clinton On Quality, Affordable Health Care

Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials

A leaflet presenting the Clinton campaign’s health plan and bullet points on the health insurance implemented in Arkansas.

Flyer: Bill Clinton On Crime And Drugs

Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials

A leaflet presenting the Clinton campaign’s strategy to prevent and punish crime. Includes bullet points on the strategies implemented in Arkansas. No date given.

Inventing Pollution : Coal, Smoke, And Culture In Britain Since 1800, Peter Thorsheim

Ohio University Press Open Access Books

Going as far back as the thirteenth century, Britons mined and burned coal. Britain’s supremacy in the nineteenth century depended in large part on its vast deposits of coal, which powered industry, warmed homes, and cooked food. As coal consumption skyrocketed, the air in Britain’s cities and towns filled with ever-greater and denser clouds of smoke. Yet, for much of the nineteenth century, few people in Britain even considered coal smoke to be pollution.

Inventing Pollution examines the radically new understanding of pollution that emerged in the late nineteenth century, one that centered not on organic decay but on coal …

The Predictors Of Juvenile Recidivism: Testimonies Of Adult Students 18 Years And Older Exiting From Alternative Education, La Toshia Palmer

Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this descriptive, qualitative study was to identify and describe the importance of the predictors of juvenile recidivism and the effectiveness of efforts to prevent/avoid juvenile recidivism as perceived by previously detained, arrested, convicted, and/or incarcerated adult students 18 years of age and older exiting from alternative education in Northern California. A second purpose was to explore the types of support provided by alternative schools and the perceived importance of the support to avoid recidivism according to adult students 18 years of age and older exiting from alternative education.

Methodology: This qualitative, descriptive research design identified …

Treating The Opioid Crisis: Assessing Programs To Address Overdose Deaths In West Virginia, Ruby Debellis

Undergraduate Research Symposium 2018

Problem Statement: Too many people in West Virginia are dying from opioid overdose.

West Virginia’s current policies and regulations are insufficient in addressing the opioid epidemic. West Virginia had the highest rate of overdose deaths in the country in 2016, that being 881 or 52 deaths per 100,000 people (“Drug Overdose Death Data”, 2017), and it is costing the state an estimated $8.8 billion per year (Eyre, 2018a). To address this issue, four different policy alternatives have been formulated in an attempt to decrease the number of opioid overdose deaths in West Virginia. These alternatives are allowing current trends to …

The Changing Composition And Capacity Of Medicare Providers, 2012-2015, Xinxin Han, Clese Elaine Erikson, Qian Luo

GW Research Days 2016 - 2020

Objective: Over the past decade, U.S. medical school enrollment has increased nearly 30 percent, and the growth in mid-level new graduates was even faster. Many of these new graduates are currently serving the large and growing Medicare population. Yet, little evidence so far has documented the workforce that are serving Medicare population. In the anticipation of physician supply shortages, it is important to understand who are taking care of Medicare population recently, and whether there are changes in the overall capacity and patient risk profiles of Medicare providers.

Methods: Data were from 2012-2015 Medicare Physician and Other Supplier Aggregate Tables …

(Video) Barriers To Implementing Advance Care Planning In The Healthcare Setting, Dona Occhipinti, Matias Attene Ramos

GW Research Days 2016 - 2020

Objectives: Current barriers to implementing Advanced Care Planning (ACP) will be examined as applied to the healthcare system.

Methods: A literature review was performed looking at the current practices of ACP (e.g. filling out advanced directives (AD), Medical Orders for Life Sustaining Treatment (MOLST)/ Physician Orders for Life Sustaining Treatment (POLST), etc.), physician comfort level with having end-of-life discussion (EOL), successful/unsuccessful interventions to increase ACP/EOL discussions among health care providers (HCP), and the current political environment with respect to physicians’ ability to implement ACP/EOL discussions. Cochrane, Pubmed, and Google Scholar were searched for papers written in English after …

Coverage For Obesity Prevention & Treatment Services: Analysis Of Medicaid & State Employee Health Insurance Programs, Nichole Jannah, Christine Gallagher, William Dietz

GW Research Days 2016 - 2020

BACKGROUND

Despite the high prevalence of obesity among U.S. adults, coverage for evidence-based obesity treatment modalities is inconsistent across states. The primary objective of this study was to examine changes in coverage for adult obesity prevention and treatment services within Medicaid programs and state employee health plans between 2009 and 2017.

METHODS

Changes in coverage were assessed by comparing data from plan year (PY) 2016/2017 to baseline data collected during PY 2009/2010. Data were obtained through an extensive review of administrative documents, health plan websites, provider manuals, subscriber handbooks, fee schedules, and drug formularies from Medicaid and state employee health …

The Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement, Intellectual Property And Medicines: Differential Outcomes For Developed And Developing Countries, Deborah Gleeson, Joel Lexchin, Ruth Lopert, Burcu Kilic

Health Policy and Management Faculty Publications

The final text of the Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP), agreed between the 12 negotiating countries in 2016, included a suite of intellectual property provisions intended to expand and extend pharmaceutical company exclusivities on medicines. It drew wide criticism for including such provisions in an agreement that involved developing countries (Vietnam, Peru, Malaysia, Mexico, Chile and Brunei Darussalam) because of the effect on delaying the introduction of low-cost generics. While developing nations negotiated transition periods for implementing some obligations, all parties would have eventually been expected to meet the same standards had the TPP come into force. While the TPP …

Direct Care Nursing Aide Turnover In Long-Term Care Facility, Qilian Luo

Muskie School Capstones and Dissertations

This capstone project, Direct Care Nursing Aide Retention in a Long-Term Care Facility, will uses both qualitative and quantitative analyses to identify the possible contributors to high nursing aide turnover rates in Maine. The quantitative analyses of this project are based on the staffing payroll data of one Maine assisted living facility. The final product of this capstone project will be shared with the study facility, in the hope that they may find uses for its content.

From Straitjackets To Jumpsuits: America's Mental Healthcare Crisis, Madeleine Storm 18

Honor Scholar Theses

No abstract provided.

Gatekeeping Decriminalization Of Prostitution: The Ubiquitous Influence Of The New Zealand Prostitutes' Collective, Janice G. Raymond

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

This article explores the activities of The New Zealand Prostitutes' Collective (NZPC) in promoting decriminalization of prostitution and its role in gatekeeping this legislation. The NZPC has loomed large in the government’s evaluations of the decriminalization legislation known as the Prostitution Reform Act (PRA). It has collected information, partnered on the research team appointed by the Ministry of Justice to conduct the research, and ultimately secured seats as evaluators on the Prostitution Law Review Committee (PLRC) charged with assessing the research and making recommendations. Much of its outsized influence on the research and conclusions of this report is demonstrated in …

Evaluation Of The Associations Between Unplanned Readmissions And The Lace Index And Other Variables, Cathy Stankiewicz, Dnp, Msn, Rn

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Background: Unplanned readmissions, within 30 days following an inpatient hospital admission, are common and costly. Research has identified factors that predict readmissions, and predictive algorithms, such as the LACE index, have been studied and widely adopted by hospitals despite demonstrated variability in predictive ability.

Objectives: To examine the associations between unplanned readmissions and the LACE index, and other variables that reflect patient- and encounter-level factors not currently incorporated in the LACE index.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted utilizing data from electronic health records of inpatients discharged from a large quaternary hospital located in the southeastern United States between January …

A Qualitative Assessment Of New Graduate Nurse Practitioners First Year Of Practice, Alex Beggs Rn, Msn

Muskie School Capstones and Dissertations

This project serves as a Capstone and final requirement for the Master of Public Health Degree at the University of Southern Maine Muskie School for Public Service. The project is a qualitative inquiry into the experience of new graduate nurse practitioners’ in their first year of practice, and their transition from the registered nurse (RN) into the nurse practitioner (NP) role. Using the theoretical constructs of Benner’s “From Novice to Expert” and the Burch’s “Conscious Competence model” new graduate nurse practitioners’ experiences will be analyzed. Risk and protective factors for role confidence will be identified through the use of qualitative …

Surveying Access To Healthcare In Kisumu And Siaya Counties, Kenya, Quinn Alsheimer

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This study aims to understand the barriers that many Kenyans face towards accessing healthcare. This study was conducted in Kisumu and Siaya Counties, Kenya. Kisumu is an urban environment, whereas Siaya is a rural environment. Throughout both counties, areas with presumably low access to healthcare were surveyed. In Kisumu County, surveys were conducted in three informal settlements: Nyalenda, Obunga, and Manyatta. In Siaya County, surveys were conducted in Simenya Village.

This study has shown that financial accessibility is a large barrier to healthcare throughout the study population, as the majority of study participants felt that healthcare in Kenya is not …

Participatory Development And Menstrual Health Management In South Africa: A Case Study Of Project Dignity, Natalie Geismar

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Menstrual health management (MHM) poses a significant public health concern in many South African communities. Though the national government is beginning to devote attention and resources to MHM, civil society organizations play a critical role in providing menstrual health products and education to female-bodied individuals who may otherwise lack access. This study examines the praxis and impact of Project Dignity, a nongovernmental organization which distributes washable, reusable sanitary pads and panties to students in public schools. The researcher collected qualitative data through participant observation as well as interviews and focus group discussions with Project Dignity’s staff and intended beneficiaries. Using …

Healthcare Coverage In The United States And New York Metropolitan Area, 2009 - 2015, Andrew S. Alger

Center for Latin American, Caribbean, and Latino Studies

Introduction: This study examines trends regarding health insurance coverage in the United States along lines of sex, race/ethnicity, place of birth, and poverty status between 2009 and 2015.

Methods: This study uses the American Community Survey PUMS (Public User Microdata Series) for the years 2009, 2011, 2013, and 2015. These datasets were downloaded from the IPUMS USA website hosted by the University of Minnesota. The variables used in the study describe these populations in terms of sex, the four major race/ethnic groups (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Latino, and Asian), being born either within the United States or abroad, and being …

Screening For Traumatic Brain Injury In Prostituted Women, Melissa Farley, Martha E. Banks, Rosalie J. Ackerman, Jacqueline M. Golding

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

Violence is pervasive in prostitution and can cause traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study estimated the prevalence and demographic correlates of TBI among 66 women and transwomen in prostitution. Ninety-five percent had sustained head injuries, either by being hit in the head with objects and/or having their heads slammed into objects. Sixty-one percent had sustained head injuries in prostitution. The women described acute and chronic symptoms resulting from head injury and/or concussions. These included dizziness, depressed mood, headache, sleep difficulty, poor concentration, memory problems, difficulty following directions, low frustration tolerance, fatigue, and appetite and weight changes. Screening for TBI is …

Adoption Process For The Model Aquatic Health Code: An Example, William D. Ramos, Allison L. Fletcher, Mike Mettler, Marcus A. Yoder

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

In 2014 the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published the first edition of the Model Aquatic Health Code (MAHC). This document represented the inaugural introduction of a federal policy guideline with a direct focus in the area of aquatic venue operation and maintenance with the sole purpose of improving the nature of public health in the field. The Indiana State Department of Health (ISDH) began the review and adoption process soon after the policy’s release. The ISDH process is proposed as one method for others to consider. The background and history of the MAHC are presented in …

Analysis Of American Health Systems And Serving The Uninsured, Mina Rismani

Wofford Bonner Scholar Senior Capstone Projects

American healthcare is a unique combination of privatization and welfare. This system negatively impacts individuals too poor to afford private healthcare, yet too wealthy to receive Medicaid. This capstone highlights the role Access Health Spartanburg plays in aiding such individuals. The capstone additionally analyzes the cost-efficiency of the American health system in comparison to that of the United Kingdom’s health system, known as the NHS.