Economic Theory Commons^™

Six Titans Of The Cambridge School: A Review Article, Harvey Gram

Publications and Research

Six volumes in the Great Thinker in Economics Series were chosen by the Editors for this review, which focuses on The Cambridge School of Economics, so very different from the mainstream theory of general economic equilibrium which gives formal expression to Lionel Robbins’ famous definition of the subject as the allocation of scarce means among alternative uses. In recognition of a distinct Cambridge School, the authors of these volumes present a variety of arguments within which three overlapping themes can be discerned: the relationship between ethics and economics; the role of stocks and flows in economic analysis; and the epistemic …

Sweet Diversity: Colonial Goods And The Welfare Gains From Trade After 1492, Jonathan Hersh, Hans-Joachim Voth

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

When did overseas trade start to matter for living standards? Traditional real-wage indices suggest that living standards in Europe stagnated before 1800. In this paper, we argue that welfare rose substantially, but surreptitiously, because of an influx of new goods as a result of overseas trade. Colonial luxuries such as tea, coffee, and sugar transformed European diets after the discovery of America and the rounding of the Cape of Good Hope. These goods became household items in many countries by the end of the 18th century. We use three different methods to calculate welfare gains based on price data and …

Papers Ltv, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (2011, January 16). Profit themes (Unpublished manuscript notes) (23-39_Pape... p. 4).
• Shaikh, A. (1988, November 26). Steuart & two sources of profit: History—notes on prod/unprod labor in Marx (Unpublished manuscript notes) (23-39_Pape... p. 5).
• Shaikh, A. (1992). Values and value transfers: A comment on Itoh (Unpublished manuscript) (23-39_Pape... p. 10).
• Obrinsky, M. (1983). Profit theory and capitalism. University of Pennsylvania Press (23-39_Pape... p. 39).
• Shaikh, A. (2008, February 6). Production and nonproduction labor (Unpublished manuscript notes) (23-39_Pape... p. 44).

Currant Theory, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (2011). Current theory (Handwritten note by Anwar Shaikh, PhD). New School University Archives.
• Foley, D. (2010, November 27). Re: circuiste theory (Email). New School University Archives.
• Cardim de Carvalho, F. J. (2003). Circuit theory. In J. E. King (Ed.), The Elgar companion to post Keynesian economics (pp. 60–61). Edward Elgar Publishing.
• Realfonzo, R. (2003). Circuit theory. In J. E. King (Ed.), The Elgar companion to post Keynesian economics (pp. 61–64). Edward Elgar Publishing.
• Shaikh, A. (2011, January 19). Circuitist models comments.doc (Manuscript with handwritten notes). New School University Archives.
• Shaikh, A. (2004, March 12). Comments …

General Solution To Difference Equation, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• General solution difference equation, written by Anwar Shaikh, PhD, on April 22, 2011.
• General solution to differences equation, a manuscript file folder label inscribed with the identification code NA-23-63, prepared by Anwar Shaikh, PhD, on June 5, 2026.

Class (Chapter 9), Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Chapter 9: classical, neoclassical, austrian and post keynesian views on competition, an unpublished draft book chapter prepared by Anwar Shaikh, PhD, on June 5, 2026.
• Ch 9 (class), a manuscript file folder label inscribed with the identification code NA-23-62, prepared by Anwar Shaikh, PhD, on June 5, 2026.
• Corrections and marginal notation on classical pricing and cost functions, an unpublished set of handwritten manuscript comments prepared by Anwar Shaikh, PhD, on June 5, 2026.

Godley Conference Paper, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Godley conference paper (file folder). Anwar Shaikh, PhD, manuscript in progress, 2011.
• Economic policy in a growth context. Anwar Shaikh, Macroeconomics and Growth, 2008, Palgrave Macmillan.
• Notes on New Cambridge and Ruggles (unpublished manuscript). Anwar Shaikh, PhD, May 01, 2011.
• Effect of depletion rates on KGC and KNC estimates (data analysis commentary). Anwar Shaikh, PhD, February 22, 2011.
• I have spent many a happy hour here at the Levy (handwritten notes). Anwar Shaikh, PhD, 2011.
• On Godley & KK (handwritten notes). Anwar Shaikh, PhD, 2011.
• The role of the savings rate in Godley's macroeconomics (manuscript outline). …

Reflexivity, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Reflexivity (file folder). Anwar Shaikh, PhD, manuscript in progress, 2011.
• General point (handwritten notes). Anwar Shaikh, PhD, November 2011.
• End of my talk (handwritten presentation outline). Anwar Shaikh, PhD, November 2011.
• Reflexivity and the theory and practice of social change (unpublished workshop paper). George Soros, November 03, 2011.
• Reflexivity, path dependence, and disequilibrium dynamics. Anwar Shaikh, Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 2010, M.E. Sharpe, Inc.
• Mark 2: Still stable (handwritten notes). Anwar Shaikh, PhD, March 28, 2010.
• The crisis & what to do about it (web article). George Soros, November 06, 2008.
• Unrepentant (letter to the …

Chapter 11, Competition And Finance Revisions, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. Chapter 11 competition and finance revisions outline (Unpublished manuscript).
• Shaikh, A. (2012). Handwritten notes on interest rates and profit rate equalization equations (Unpublished manuscript).
• Parchure, R. A reconstruction of interest rate theory (Unpublished manuscript).

Competition Blue, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Roncaglia, A. (2006). Paolo Sylos Labini (1920-2005): A tribute. EAEPE Newsletter, (35).
• Shaikh, A. (2011). Appendix 7.1.xlsx. Unpublished manuscript.
• Dhawan, R. (2001). Firm size and productivity differential: Theory and evidence from a panel of US firms. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 44(3).
• Shaikh, A. (2011). Marx's example of a hand printing press vs. a lithograph. Unpublished manuscript.
• Shaikh, A. (2011). The writing of the Grundrisse. Unpublished manuscript.

Institutional Divergence In Economic Development, Jonathan B. Wight

Economics Faculty Publications

The Anglo-American capitalist model (AACM) encompasses a set of theories and policies that advance the classical objectives of individual autonomy, wealth acquisition, and economic growth. In the twentieth century, the neoclassical goal of short-run Pareto efficiency was added yet remains in possible tension with these other aims. The AACM generally upholds the primacy of markets as the means for achieving its normative ideals through private, decentralized actions, with some exceptions. In the modern political arena this ideology is associated with the Reagan-Thatcher revolution of the 1980s and provides a framework for many who oppose statist solutions to social problems (Steger …

Residential Electricity Demand In Seattle, David Alan Juarez

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This study examines residential electricity demand for the Seattle City Light (SCL) public utility market. SCL is interesting because all of its electricity is generated through hydro-electric facilities as well as its purchased power, mostly through contracts with the Bonneville Power Administration, resulting in below-average residential electricity prices. An error-correction model is estimated using annual time series data. Income, price, and climate data are used to identify both economic and seasonal effects. In addition, a customer equation is also estimated using the error-correction approach. The income-elasticity is negative indicating that electricity is an inferior good in this market. Out-of-sample forecasts …

Classical Theory Output Level, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (n.d.). Classical theory: output level (Unpublished manuscript) (22-23_Clas... p. 1).
• Shaikh, A. (2011). Output level classical theory.xlsx (Unpublished dataset) (22-23_Clas... p. 2).
• Shaikh, A. (2011). Output level in economic theories (Unpublished manuscript) (22-23_Clas... p. 5).
• Godley, W., & Shaikh, A. (2002). An important inconsistency at the heart of the standard macroeconomic model. Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 24(3), 423–441. Taylor & Francis (22-23_Clas... p. 20).
• Gandolfo, G. (1985). Economic dynamics: Methods and models. North-Holland (22-23_Clas... p. 20).

Inflation, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Inflation & fluid flow analogy (file folder). Anwar Shaikh, PhD, 2011.
• Thruput NIPA and excess demand (manuscript outline). Anwar Shaikh, PhD, May 15, 2011.
• Thruput as growth limit (manuscript outline). Anwar Shaikh, PhD, May 2011.
• Lectures on the theory of production. Luigi L. Pasinetti, Columbia University Press, 1977, Columbia University Press.
• Thruput model (handwritten notes). Anwar Shaikh, PhD, February 24, 2011.
• Alberto Nan & fas: Prop defense (handwritten notes). Anwar Shaikh, PhD, February 24, 2011.
• Water flow, electrical circuit and inflation analogy (unpublished manuscript). Anwar Shaikh, PhD, May 15, 2011.
• In my inflation equation (handwritten notes). …

Chapter 6 And Chapter 8 Tables, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Shaikh, A. (2010). Chapter 6 numerical examples: Labor values, direct prices, and prices of production (Unpublished Mathcad worksheet) 
• Shaikh, A. (2011). Chapter 8 reference tables: Price equalization, profit rate disequalization, and technical choice contenders (Unpublished Excel spreadsheet)

Consumer Search And Switching Behavior: Evidence From The Credit Card Industry, Omar Adel Abdelrahman

Wayne State University Dissertations

The introduction of the credit card in the mid-twentieth century revolutionized and transformed how people live. Based on a set of new survey data, this dissertation empirically investigates and analyzes consumers' behavior in the credit card market. Specifically, it investigates the underlying determinants of consumers' choices regarding switching credit-card balances. To estimate the likelihood that consumers switch credit cards, two logit models are estimated. Using data from the Consumer Finance Monthly (CFM) of The Ohio State University, the author finds that at the conventional 5 percent level of significance, the following variables have significance: old interest rate, new interest rate, …

Economic Patterns In Capitalism, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Economic patterns in capitalism fall 2011: U.S. economic charts. (2011, Fall). Unpublished document compilation.

• Shaikh, A. (2000, September). The fundamental equation of prices [Unpublished manuscript].

• Sardoni, C. (1994, December 15–17). Marx’s theory of money and interest: Between Robertson and Keynes? [Unpublished conference paper]. Karl Marx’s Third Volume of Capital: 1894–1994 Conference, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy.

• Panico, C. (1988). Marx on the interest rate (Chap. 2) [Photocopy]. In Interest and profit in the theories of value and distribution. Palgrave Macmillan.

• Panico, C. (1988). Marx on the relation between interest and profit …

An Empirical Analysis Of Gasoline Demand In Mexico Using Cointegration Techniques, Mario Elizalde

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Economic expansion in Mexico has caused fuel consumption in Mexico to increase. Because Mexico does not have sufficient refinery capacity, over 40 percent of total gasoline consumed is imported. This has implications for the balance of payments. In this paper, gasoline demand is empirically examined using co-integration and error correction approaches. Results show no evidence of long-run equilibrium in the Mexican gasoline market. This is potentially attributable to the regulatory regime that governs energy markets in Mexico. Regulated price adjustments that are not consistent with prevailing market conditions run the risk of misallocating resources. Permitting greater flexibility in private gasoline …

Inet Proposal Stage 2, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

his collection includes:

• Institute for New Economic Thinking. (2011). Standard pre-grant inquiry (PGI) form for grant #3232 (Manuscript). New School University Archives.
• Puller, N. (2011, July 11). Email correspondence regarding INET pre-grant inquiry for #3232 (Email). New School University Archives.
• Shaikh, A. (2011). Project budget for sponsor INET (Period: June 1, 2011 to August 31, 2012) (Manuscript). New School University Archives.
• Shaikh, A. (2011, April 24). Institute for New Economic Thinking proposal stage II cover letter (Manuscript). New School University Archives.
• Shaikh, A. (2011, April 14). New School institutional giving grant proposal form (Manuscript with handwritten note "Scanned & emailed"). …

Measurement Of Profit, Capital & Rop, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Ch 7: Measurement of profit, capital & ROP by Anwar Shaikh
• Appendix 7.1: Measurement of profit by Anwar Shaikh
• Appendix 7.2: Measurement of capital and the rate of profit by Anwar Shaikh
• Appendix 7.2A: Alternate treatments of the rate of profit by Anwar Shaikh