Modified-Half-Normal Distribution And Different Methods To Estimate Average Treatment Effect.,
2020
University of Louisville
Modified-Half-Normal Distribution And Different Methods To Estimate Average Treatment Effect., Jingchao Sun
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation consists of three projects related to Modified-Half-Normal distribution and causal inference. In my first project, a new distribution called Modified-Half-Normal distribution was introduced. I explored a few of its distributional properties, the procedures for generating random samples based on Bayesian approaches, and the parameter estimation based on the method of moments. The second project deals with the problem of selection bias of average treatment effect (ATE) if we use the observational data. I combined the propensity score based inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method and the directed acyclic graph (DAG) to solve this problem. The third project …
Aspects Of Causal Inference.,
2020
University of Louisville
Aspects Of Causal Inference., John A. Craycroft
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Observational studies differ from experimental studies in that assignment of subjects to treatments is not randomized but rather occurs due to natural mechanisms, which are usually hidden from researchers. Yet objectives of the two studies are frequently the same: identify the causal – rather than merely associational – relationship between some treatment or exposure and an outcome. The statistical issues that arise in properly analyzing observational data for this goal are numerous and fascinating, and these issues are encompassed in the domain of causal inference. The research presented in this dissertation explores several distinct aspects of causal inference. This dissertation …
Incorporating Shear Resistance Into Debris Flow Triggering Model Statistics,
2020
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Incorporating Shear Resistance Into Debris Flow Triggering Model Statistics, Noah J. Lyman
Master's Theses
Several regions of the Western United States utilize statistical binary classification models to predict and manage debris flow initiation probability after wildfires. As the occurrence of wildfires and large intensity rainfall events increase, so has the frequency in which development occurs in the steep and mountainous terrain where these events arise. This resulting intersection brings with it an increasing need to derive improved results from existing models, or develop new models, to reduce the economic and human impacts that debris flows may bring. Any development or change to these models could also theoretically increase the ease of collection, processing, and …
Gene Set Testing By Distance Correlation,
2020
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Gene Set Testing By Distance Correlation, Sho-Hsien Su
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Pathways are the functional building blocks of complex diseases such as cancers. Pathway-level studies may provide insights on some important biological processes. Gene set test is an important tool to study the differential expression of a gene set between two groups, e.g., cancer vs normal. The differential expression of a gene set could be due to the difference in mean, variability, or both. However, most existing gene set tests only target the mean difference but overlook other types of differential expression. In this thesis, we propose to use the recently developed distance correlation for gene set testing. To assess the …
Delta Hedging Of Financial Options Using Reinforcement Learning And An Impossibility Hypothesis,
2020
Utah State University
Delta Hedging Of Financial Options Using Reinforcement Learning And An Impossibility Hypothesis, Ronak Tali
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
In this thesis we take a fresh perspective on delta hedging of financial options as undertaken by market makers. The current industry standard of delta hedging relies on the famous Black Scholes formulation that prescribes continuous time hedging in a way that allows the market maker to remain risk neutral at all times. But the Black Scholes formulation is a deterministic model that comes with several strict assumptions such as zero transaction costs, log normal distribution of the underlying stock prices, etc. In this paper we employ Reinforcement Learning to redesign the delta hedging problem in way that allows us …
Development Of A Statistical Model To Predict Materials’ Unit Prices For Future Maintenance And Rehabilitation In Highway Life Cycle Cost Analysis,
2020
University of California, Davis
Development Of A Statistical Model To Predict Materials’ Unit Prices For Future Maintenance And Rehabilitation In Highway Life Cycle Cost Analysis, Changmo Kim, Ghazan Khan, Brent Nguyen, Emily L. Hoang
Mineta Transportation Institute
The main objectives of this study are to investigate the trends in primary pavement materials’ unit price over time and to develop statistical models and guidelines for using predictive unit prices of pavement materials instead of uniform unit prices in life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) for future maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) projects. Various socio-economic data were collected for the past 20 years (1997–2018) in California, including oil price, population, government expenditure in transportation, vehicle registration, and other key variables, in order to identify factors affecting pavement materials’ unit price. Additionally, the unit price records of the popular pavement materials were …
Survival Analysis: An Exact Method For Rare Events,
2020
Utah State University
Survival Analysis: An Exact Method For Rare Events, Kristina Reutzel
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Conventional asymptotic methods for survival analysis work well when sample sizes are at least moderately sufficient. When dealing with small sample sizes or rare events, the results from these methods have the potential to be inaccurate or misleading. To handle such data, an exact method is proposed and compared against two other methods: 1) the Cox proportional hazards model and 2) stratified logistic regression for discrete survival analysis data.
Development Of An Effect Size To Classify The Magnitude Of Dif In Dichotomous And Polytomous Items,
2020
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Development Of An Effect Size To Classify The Magnitude Of Dif In Dichotomous And Polytomous Items, James D. Weese
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
A standardized effect size for the SIBTEST/POLYSIBTEST procedure is proposed, allowing for Differential Item Functioning (DIF) to be classified with a single set of DIF heuristics regardless of whether data are dichotomous or polytomous. This proposed standardized effect size accounts for both variability in responses and whether participants are included in the SIBTEST/POLYSIBTEST calculations. First, a new set of unstandardized effect size heuristics are established for dichotomous data that are more aligned with Educational Testing Service (ETS) standards using two and three parameter logistic (2PL and 3PL) models. Second, a standardized effect size is proposed and compared to other DIF …
Developing A Tourism Opportunity Index Regarding The Prospective Of Overtourism In Nepal,
2020
Missouri State University
Developing A Tourism Opportunity Index Regarding The Prospective Of Overtourism In Nepal, Susan Phuyal
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
This research explores Nepal's overtourism scenario based on the capacity of a locality to manage sustainable tourism practices. Environmental degradation, local infrastructure degradation, negative tourist experience and local resident responses regarding visitors are the four main variables used in this study to analyze overtourism. In order to analyze the case study of overtourism, we select the three top touristic cities of Nepal, Kathmandu, Pokhara, and Chitwan based on the number of annual visitors. Nepal's case analysis of overtourism conditions reviews the overall threat of over-tourism and establishes a metric by which tourism can be viewed as potentially detrimental to sustainability. …
Obesity Indicators And C-Reactive Protein In Indonesian Adults (More Than Equal To 40 Years Old): The Indonesian Family Life Survey 5,
2020
Dharma Husada School of Health Science, Bandung, Indonesia
Obesity Indicators And C-Reactive Protein In Indonesian Adults (More Than Equal To 40 Years Old): The Indonesian Family Life Survey 5, Yeni Mahwati, Dieta Nurrika
Kesmas
C-reactive protein (CRP) is the best clinical marker for systemic inflammation. Obesity is associated with increased CRP levels. Systemic inflammation is present before morbidity occurs. Research reveals that the identification of obesity indicators and CRP levels is limited among Indonesians. The present study investigated the associations between obesity indicators (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], waist-to-hip ratio [WHR], waist-to-height ratio [WHtR]) and CRP levels among Indonesian adults. This cross-sectional study based on Indonesian Family Life Survey-5 2014–2015 was conducted among 3,386 adults (≥ 40 years) living in 13 provinces in Indonesia during the study period. All data were collected …
A Study On Knowledge, Attitudes, And Practices On Rabies In The Philippines,
2020
Angeles University Foundation
A Study On Knowledge, Attitudes, And Practices On Rabies In The Philippines, Reynaldo Jr Bundalian, Monalisa Lacson, Catherine Bacani, Dinah Rose Soriano, Agnes Garing, Artemio Jr Aquino, Archie Policarpio, Joey Kyle Mallari, Remedios San Jose, Maria Fe Bulao, Neil Tanquilut, Patricia Joy Magsino
Kesmas
In 2007, the Philippine government passed the Anti-Rabies Act to address rabies in the country. However, rabies is still a major public health concern in many provinces. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of residents on rabies, the Anti Rabies Act, and responsible pet ownership (RPO) in Pampanga, Philippines. A cross-sectional survey was done from October 2017 to February 2018 in 92 randomly selected barangays in the province. Questionnaires were adapted from similar studies. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with KAP. Results showed that most people have good knowledge of the Anti-Rabies …
Assessment Of Knowledge, Attitudes, And Behaviors Of Turkish Women On Breast And Cervical Cancer In Karabük Province, Turkey,
2020
Karabük University School of Medicine
Assessment Of Knowledge, Attitudes, And Behaviors Of Turkish Women On Breast And Cervical Cancer In Karabük Province, Turkey, Nergiz Sevinc, Belgin Oral, Burcu Korkut
Kesmas
Breast and cervical cancer incidence and mortality among women have been increasing worldwide. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate women's knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding breast and cervical cancers. The sample was composed of 507 women aged 18 years and older who were admitted to a primary health care center in Karabük, Turkey, from October to December 2019. The data was obtained using a questionnaire consisting of 34 questions regarding participants’ socio demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward breast and cervical cancers. The mean age of the participants was 41.3±12.0 years and 68.4% of them were married. Slightly more …
When Will The Covid-19 Pandemic In Indonesia End?,
2020
Department of Environmental Health
Faculty of Public Health
Universitas Indonesia
When Will The Covid-19 Pandemic In Indonesia End?, Dewi Susanna
Kesmas
On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization(WHO) declared 2019-nCOV to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), due to the significant increase in confirmed new cases in various countries.1 In Indonesia, the first confirmed COVID-19 case was a female who had a closed contact with the 24th confirmed case in Malaysia and the second case was the mother of the first case.2 As time goes by, the number of new cases has increased significantly, reaching 160.165 confirmed cases with 6,944 deaths by August 27, 2020.3 The time when the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia will end is not …
Policy Implementation: Teachers’ Role As First Responders In Emergencies And Disasters,
2020
Comsats University, Islamabad
Policy Implementation: Teachers’ Role As First Responders In Emergencies And Disasters, Shabir Hyder, Adnan Fazal Manzoor, Muhammad Amjad Iqbal
Kesmas
During the past decade, the schoolchildren faced many disasters and emergencies originating from natural and man-made sources. The safety of schoolchildren rests with school management and teachers. This study aimed to assess teachers' awareness with regard to disaster prevention and health, safety, security, and environment (HSSE) policies at primary schools in Pakistan. In addition, it explores the suitability of teachers to perform as emergency handlers in the absence of school nurses and resource officers (SROs). The study involved a qualitative study, based on open-ended interviews from a sample of 25 school teachers. Methodology triangulation was applied to reduce bias. Results …
Using The Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance Framework In The Evaluation Of Community-Based Adolescent Care Pilot Program,
2020
Vocational Education Program, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI Depok 16424, Indonesia
Using The Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance Framework In The Evaluation Of Community-Based Adolescent Care Pilot Program, Badra Al Aufa, Wahyu Sulistiadi, Mochamad Iqbal Nurmansyah, Agung T R Syiroj, Ibrahim Isa Koire
Kesmas
Posyandu Remaja (Posmaja) is a community-based adolescent care service in Indonesia that comprises a group of adolescents working as volunteers and healthcare workers under the guidance and responsibility of the Public Health Centre and City Health Office. The study aims to provide a formative evaluation program of Posmaja using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. This research used a qualitative approach and took place in South Tangerang City, Indonesia. The data were collected from July until December 2018. Nineteen people participated in the study. The study used in-depth interviews and focus group discussions that adopted the RE-AIM …
Association Between Social Media Exposure To Food And Beverages With Nutrient Intake Of Female Adolescents,
2020
FKM UNDIP Semarang
Association Between Social Media Exposure To Food And Beverages With Nutrient Intake Of Female Adolescents, Cholida Adiba, Siti Fatimah Pradigdo, Martha Irene Kartasurya
Kesmas
Communication technology development has influenced adolescent food choices and intakes. This study aimed to investigate the association between social media exposure to food and beverage content and nutrient intake among female adolescents. The study was conducted in a cross-sectional design. The targeted population was 104 female students aged 14–18 years old at 'XY' High School in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. Eighty-one subjects were chosen by clustered random sampling. Data were collected by interviews using structured questionnaires and a 3x24-hour recall method. Data analyses were conducted by chi-square, Fisher exact tests, and logistic regression. The median and standard deviations of social-media, …
Ultraviolet Exposure And Photokeratitis Complaints Among Informal Welding Workers In Depok, West Java, Indonesia,
2020
Public Health, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta
Ultraviolet Exposure And Photokeratitis Complaints Among Informal Welding Workers In Depok, West Java, Indonesia, Maria K I J Yustheresani, Fajaria Nurcandra, Azizah Musliha Fitri, Annisa Ika Putri, Dyah Utari
Kesmas
One of the photokeratitis risk factors is acute reversible radiation of ultraviolet (UV) rays, which injure the cornea's epithelial tissue. Informal welding workers are susceptible populations to UV rays exposure. This study aimed to confirm the influence of UV radiation exposure on photokeratitis complaints in welding workers in Cimanggis, Depok, West Java. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to June 2019 and used to select 100 welding workers purposively. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to determine photokeratitis complaints, age, education level, eye protection, safety knowledge, and work period; the UV radiation measured by A UV meter. Data were analyzed …
Cultural And Religious Belief Approaches Of A Tuberculosis Program For Hard-To-Reach Populations In Mentawai And Solok West Sumatera, Indonesia,
2020
Andalas University
Cultural And Religious Belief Approaches Of A Tuberculosis Program For Hard-To-Reach Populations In Mentawai And Solok West Sumatera, Indonesia, Rizanda Machmud, Irvan Medison, Finny Fitry Yani
Kesmas
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading public health concern in Indonesia. It ranks second on the list of high-burden TB countries. In West Sumatra, 47% of TB cases are undetected, late diagnosed, and received incomplete treatment because of low-level awareness and knowledge and stigma, especially among the hardest to reach populations. The study aims to identify the best communication channel to reach those who live in vulnerable and remote areas. This study was a qualitative study applying in-depth interviews to the informal leaders, health officers, cultural artists, and religious leaders across districts in Mentawai and Solok Districts, which are remote and …
Creating Optimal Conditions For Reproducible Data Analysis In R With ‘Fertile’,
2020
Smith College
Creating Optimal Conditions For Reproducible Data Analysis In R With ‘Fertile’, Audrey M. Bertin, Benjamin Baumer
Statistical and Data Sciences: Faculty Publications
The advancement of scientific knowledge increasingly depends on ensuring that data-driven research is reproducible: that two people with the same data obtain the same results. However, while the necessity of reproducibility is clear, there are significant behavioral and technical challenges that impede its widespread implementation and no clear consensus on standards of what constitutes reproducibility in published research. We present fertile, an R package that focuses on a series of common mistakes programmers make while conducting data science projects in R, primarily through the RStudio integrated development environment. fertile operates in two modes: proactively, to prevent reproducibility mistakes from happening …
An Analysis Of Growth Of The Community Integration Psychological Score In An Ethnically Diverse Population Experiencing Homelessness In A Permanent Supportive Housing Program Using Hierarchical Mixed Modeling,
2020
The University of New Mexico
An Analysis Of Growth Of The Community Integration Psychological Score In An Ethnically Diverse Population Experiencing Homelessness In A Permanent Supportive Housing Program Using Hierarchical Mixed Modeling, Leah Hollis Puglisi
Mathematics & Statistics ETDs
Hierarchical models are becoming increasingly common in epidemiological and psychological research. When analyzing data from such studies, the nested structure of the data must be taken into account. Mixed modeling in conjunction with hierarchical mixed modeling allows researchers to ask broad questions about the population of interest. Modeling under restricted maximum likelihood estimation (REML), as opposed to full maximum likelihood estimation (ML), increases the accuracy of estimates for the random effects in the model. We use hierarchical mixed modeling under REML estimation to analyze which factors increase “community integration”, a concept and a construct developed and used in the mental …
