Statistics and Probability Commons^™

Comparison Of Longitudinal Changes In Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Between Alzheimer’S And Healthy Controls, Berk Can Yilmaz

Theses

Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rs-fMRI) is a technique that is widely used for analyzing brain function using different approaches and methods. This study involves rs-fMRI analysis of Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) signals acquired from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Patients and Healthy Controls (HC). Each subject in the study had both functional and anatomical images with at least one rs-fMRI scan with their Anatomical (T1) scans. Previous rs-fMRI studies have demonstrated that AD shows differences in Amplitude of Low Frequency (<0.1 Hz) Fluctuations (ALFF), and Regional Homogeneity (ReHo) measures according to HCs.

The aim of the study is to investigate individual and group level differences using ReHo and mALFF related …

Compressed Dna Representation For Efficient Amr Classification, John Partee, Robert Hazell, Anjli Solsi, John Santerre

SMU Data Science Review

In this paper, we explore a representation methodology for the compression of DNA isolates. Using lossless string compression via tokenization of frequently repeated segments of DNA, we reduce the length of the isolates to be counted as k-mers for classification. With this new representation, we apply a previously established feature sampling method to dramatically reduce the feature space. In understanding the genetic diversity, we also look at conserving biological function across these spaces. Using a random forest model we were able to predict the resistance or susceptibility of bacteria with 85-90\% accuracy, with a 30-50\% reduction in overall isolate length, …

Prerequisite Course Recommendation Based On Course Description And Students’ Grades, Haozhe Zhou

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Estimating Vehicular Traffic Intensity With Deep Learning And Semantic Segmentation, Logan Bradley-Trietsch

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

A Differential Geometry-Based Machine Learning Algorithm For The Brain Age Problem, Justin Asher, Khoa Tan Dang, Maxwell Masters

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Predicting Postoperative Delirium Risk For Intracranial Surgery: A Statistical Machine Learning Approach, Juliet Aygun, Alaina Bartfeld, Sahana Rayan

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

High Wind Alerts: A System Created With Observations From The X-Band Teaching And Research Radar, Lauren Warner

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

Following the August 13, 2011, Indiana State Fair stage collapse tragedy, caused by a wind gust from an approaching thunderstorm, Purdue University enforced a wind speed restriction of 30 mph (13 m s-1) for tents at outdoor events. During these events, volunteers stand outside with handheld anemometers, measuring and reporting when the wind speeds exceed this limit. In this study, we report testing of a new system to automate high-wind alerts based on observations from a Doppler radar, the X-band Teaching and Research Radar (XTRRA), near Purdue’s campus. XTRRA scans over campus at low elevations approximately every 5 minutes. Using …

Evaluation Of Standard And Semantically-Augmented Distance Metrics For Neurology Patients, Daniel B. Hier, Jonathan Kopel, Steven U. Brint, Donald C. Wunsch, Gayla R. Olbricht, Sima Azizi, Blaine Allen

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Background: Patient distances can be calculated based on signs and symptoms derived from an ontological hierarchy. There is controversy as to whether patient distance metrics that consider the semantic similarity between concepts can outperform standard patient distance metrics that are agnostic to concept similarity. The choice of distance metric can dominate the performance of classification or clustering algorithms. Our objective was to determine if semantically augmented distance metrics would outperform standard metrics on machine learning tasks.

Methods: We converted the neurological findings from 382 published neurology cases into sets of concepts with corresponding machine-readable codes. We calculated patient distances by …

Factor Structure And Measurement Invariance Of The Maslach Burnout Inventory In Emergency Medicine Residents, Tim P. Moran, Nicole Battaglioli, Simiao Li-Sauerwine

Journal of Wellness

Introduction: Emergency medicine residents suffer from high rates of occupational burnout. Recent research has focused on identifying risk and protective factors for burnout as well as targets for intervention. This research has primarily employed the Maslach Burnout Inventory to evaluate burnout in this population. Factor analytic work has identified three underlying factors measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory: Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal Accomplishment. However, this three-factor structure has not been evaluated in emergency medicine residents. Furthermore, its structural equivalence has not been demonstrated across commonly-studied risk factors, such as gender and year of post-graduate training. In the present study, …

Evaluation Of China Shipping Hub-And-Spoke Network Based On Herfindahl-Hirschmann Index (Hhi), Wenjin Sun

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

“Playing The Whole Game”: A Data Collection And Analysis Exercise With Google Calendar, Albert Y. Kim, Johanna Hardin

Statistical and Data Sciences: Faculty Publications

We provide a computational exercise suitable for early introduction in an undergraduate statistics or data science course that allows students to “play the whole game” of data science: performing both data collection and data analysis. While many teaching resources exist for data analysis, such resources are not as abundant for data collection given the inherent difficulty of the task. Our proposed exercise centers around student use of Google Calendar to collect data with the goal of answering the question “How do I spend my time?” On the one hand, the exercise involves answering a question with near universal appeal, but …

A New Two-Parametric ‘Useful’ Fuzzy Information Measure And Its Properties, Saima Manzoor Sofi, Safina Peerzada, Mirza Abdul Khalique Baig

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

A ‘useful’ fuzzy measure of order α and type β is developed. Its validity established with a numerical example.

Inverse Limits And Atomic Projections, Włodzimierz J. Charatonik, Faruq A. Mena, Robert Paul Roe

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We consider generalized inverse limits of continua with bonding functions Fn that have the projection of Graph (Fn) onto the second (first) factor atomic and images (pre-image) of points are zero-dimensional. For such bonding functions we show that under some easily verified conditions that if the first (all) factor space(s) has a certain property then the inverse limit space must have this property. The properties considered include hereditary decomposability, hereditary indecomposability, hereditary unicoherence, arc-likeness, and tree-likeness. We illustrate the theorems by several examples.

Snackjack: A Toy Model Of Blackjack, Stewart N. Ethier, Jiyeon Lee

UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal

Snackjack is a highly simplified version of blackjack that was proposed by Ethier (2010) and given its name by Epstein (2013). The eight-card deck comprises two aces, two deuces, and four treys, with aces having value either 1 or 4, and deuces and treys having values 2 and 3, respectively. The target total is 7 (vs. 21 in blackjack), and ace-trey is a natural. The dealer stands on 6 and 7, including soft totals, and otherwise hits. The player can stand, hit, double, or split, but split pairs receive only one card per paircard (like split aces in blackjack), and …

Robust Inference On Effects Attributable To Mediators: A Controlled-Direct-Effect-Based Approach For Causal Effect Decomposition With Multiple Mediators, An-Shun Tai, Yi-Juan Du, Sheng-Hsuan Lin

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Effect decomposition is a critical technique for mechanism investigation in settings with multiple causally ordered mediators. Causal mediation analysis is a standard method for effect decomposition, but the assumptions required for the identification process are extremely strong. By extending the framework of controlled direct effects, this study proposes the effect attributable to mediators (EAM) as a novel measure for effect decomposition. For policy making, EAM represents how much an effect can be eliminated by setting mediators to certain values. From the perspective of mechanism investigation, EAM contains information about how much a particular mediator or set of mediators is involved …

Protocol For A National Probability Survey Using Home Specimen Collection Methods To Assess Prevalence And Incidence Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection And Antibody Response, Aaron J. Siegler, Patrick S. Sullivan, Travis Sanchez, Ben Lopman, Mansour Fahimi, Charles Sailey, Martin Frankel, Richard Rothenberg, Colleen F. Kelley, Heather Bradley

Publications and Research

Purpose: The U.S. response to the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic has been hampered by early and ongoing delays in testing for infection; without data on where infections were occurring and the magnitude of the epidemic, early public health responses were not data-driven. Understanding the prevalence of SARSCoV- 2 infections and immune response is critical to developing and implementing effective public health responses. Most serological surveys have been limited to localities that opted to conduct them and/or were based on convenience samples. Moreover, results of antibody testing might be subject to high false positive rates in the setting of low prevalence of immune …

Interplay Of Trna-Derived Fragments And T Cell Activation In Breast Cancer Patient Survival, Nayang Shan, Ningshan Li, Qile Dai, Lin Hou, Xiting Yan, Amei Amei, Lingeng Lu, Zuoheng Wang

Mathematical Sciences Faculty Research

Effector CD8+ T cell activation and its cytotoxic function are positively correlated with improved survival in breast cancer. tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) have recently been found to be involved in gene regulation in cancer progression. However, it is unclear how interactions between expression of tRFs and T cell activation affect breast cancer patient survival. We used Kaplan–Meier survival and multivariate Cox regression models to evaluate the effect of interactions between expression of tRFs and T cell activation on survival in 1081 breast cancer patients. Spearman correlation analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis were conducted to identify genes and pathways that …

Tricyclic Antidepressant Use And Risk Of Fractures: A Meta-Analysis Of Cohort Studies Through The Use Of Both Frequentist And Bayesian Approaches, Qing Wu, Yingke Xu, Yueyang Bao, Jovan Alvarez, Mikee Lianne Gonzales

School of Medicine Faculty Research

Background: Research findings regarding the association between tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) treatment and the risk of fracture are not consistent; we aimed to assess whether people who take TCAs are at an increased fracture risk. Methods: Relevant studies published through June 2020 were identified through database searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, PsycINFO, ISI Web of Science, WorldCat Dissertations and Theses from each database’s inception, as well as through manual searches of relevant reference lists. Two researchers independently performed literature searches, study selection, data abstraction and study appraisal by using a standardized protocol. Frequentist and Bayesian hierarchical random-effects models were used for …

Analysis Of Surface Temperature Trends Of Global Lakes Using Satellite Remote Sensing And In Situ Observations, Christal Jean Soverall, Zahida Yasmin, Mahoutin Godnou, Wen Yong Huang, Ryan Chen, Abdou Bah, Hamidreza Norouzi, Reginald Blake

Publications and Research

Even though lakes make up a small percentage of the water bodies on the global land surface, lakes provide critically important ecosystem services. Unfortunately, however, several lake surface areas around the globe have been changing with many of them drastically decreasing due to climate variability and local mismanagement at the basin-scale level. Lake Surface Water Temperature (LSWT) is recognized as a critical indicator of climate change in lakes. The changes in water and the surrounding land temperatures may be an indicator of climate variability if there is consistency between changes in both temperatures. This project focuses on the application of …

Snow-Albedo Feedback In Northern Alaska: How Vegetation Influences Snowmelt, Lucas C. Reckhaus

Theses and Dissertations

This paper investigates how the snow-albedo feedback mechanism of the arctic is changing in response to rising climate temperatures. Specifically, the interplay of vegetation and snowmelt, and how these two variables can be correlated. This has the potential to refine climate modelling of the spring transition season. Research was conducted at the ecoregion scale in northern Alaska from 2000 to 2020. Each ecoregion is defined by distinct topographic and ecological conditions, allowing for meaningful contrast between the patterns of spring albedo transition across surface conditions and vegetation types. The five most northerly ecoregions of Alaska are chosen as they encompass …