Contributions Of Financial Sector Reforms And Credit Supply To Nigerian Agricultural Sector (1978-2009),
2011
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Contributions Of Financial Sector Reforms And Credit Supply To Nigerian Agricultural Sector (1978-2009), Anthony O. Onoja, M. E. Onu, S. Ajodo-Ohiemi
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)
This study analyzed the trends and pattern of institutional credit supply to agriculture during pre- and post-financial reforms along with their determinants. It then compared the effects of reform policies on access to institutional credits in Nigerian agricultural sector before and after the reforms (1978 - 1985; and 1986 -2009). Relying mainly on time series data from CBN and NBS, it used ordinary least squares method (linear, semi-log and double log) to model the determinants of banking sector lending to the agricultural sector during the review period. The models were subjected to several econometric tests before accepting one. Chow test …
Determinants Of Foreign Reserves In Nigeria: An Autoregressive Distributed Lag Approach,
2011
Department of Economics, University of Maiduguri
Determinants Of Foreign Reserves In Nigeria: An Autoregressive Distributed Lag Approach, David Irefin, Baba N. Yaaba
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)
On global scale, central banks’ holdings of foreign reserves have escalated sharply in recent years. World international reserves holdings have risen significantly from US$1.2 trillion in 1995 to nearly US$10.0 trillion in June 2011. Dominant among these reserves are concentrated in the hands of few countries. Ten major holders of foreign reserves are mostly from Asia. Oil exporting countries in Africa and the Middle East are not left out in this trend. Nigeria’s foreign reserves rose from US$5.5 billion in 1999 to US$62.40 billion in July 2008, making Nigeria the twenty-fourth largest reserves holder in the world. This pace of …
Effects Of Exchange Rate Movements On Economic Growth In Nigeria,
2011
Department of Economics, University of Ibadan
Effects Of Exchange Rate Movements On Economic Growth In Nigeria, Eme O. Akpan, Johnson A. Atan
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)
This study investigates the effect of exchange rate movements on real output growth in Nigeria. Based on quarterly series for the period 1986 to 2010, the paper examines the possible direct and indirect relationship between exchange rates and GDP growth. The relationship is derived in two ways using a simultaneous equations model within a fully specified (but small) macroeconomic model. A Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) technique was explored. The estimation results suggest that there is no evidence of a strong direct relationship between changes in exchange rate and output growth. Rather, Nigeria’s economic growth has been directly affected by …
Exchange Rate Volatility In Nigeria: Consistency, Persistency & Severity Analyses,
2011
Datatric Research Consulting, Nigeria
Exchange Rate Volatility In Nigeria: Consistency, Persistency & Severity Analyses, Babatunde Adeoye, Akinwande A. Atanda
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)
The adoption of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) in 1986 resulted in the transition from fixed exchange rate regime to floating exchange rate regime in Nigeria. Ever since, the exchange rate of naira vis-à-vis the U.S dollar has attained varying rates all through different time horizons. On this basis, this study examines the consistency, persistency, and severity (degree) of volatility in exchange rate of Nigerian currency (naira) vis-a-vis the United State dollar using monthly time series data from 1986 to 2008. The standard Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) model was used to analyze the long-run consistency of …
Foreign Private Investment And Economic Growth In Nigeria: A Cointegrated Var And Granger Causality Analysis,
2011
1Department of Statistics Collage of Science and Technology. Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria
Foreign Private Investment And Economic Growth In Nigeria: A Cointegrated Var And Granger Causality Analysis, F. Z. Abdullahi, S. Ladan, Haruna R. Bakari
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)
This research uses a cointegration VAR model to study the contemporaneous long-run dynamics of the impact of Foreign Private Investment (FPI), Interest Rate (INR) and Inflation rate (IFR) on Growth Domestic Products (GDP) in Nigeria for the period January 1970 to December 2009. The Unit Root Test suggests that all the variables are integrated of order 1. The VAR model was appropriately identified using AIC information criteria and the VECM model has exactly one cointegration relation. The study further investigates the causal relationship using the Granger causality analysis of VECM which indicates a uni-directional causality relationship between GDP and FDI …
Banking Sector Credit And Economic Growth In Nigeria: An Empirical Investigation,
2011
Department of Economics, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria
Banking Sector Credit And Economic Growth In Nigeria: An Empirical Investigation, Aniekan O. Akpansung, Sikiru J. Babalola
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)
The paper examines the relationship between banking sector credit and economic growth in Nigeria over the period 1970-2008. The causal links between the pairs of variables of interest were established using Granger causality test while a Two-Stage Least Squares (TSLS) estimation technique was used for the regression models. The results of Granger causality test show evidence of unidirectional causal relationship from GDP to private sector credit (PSC) and from industrial production index (IND) to GDP. Estimated regression models indicate that private sector credit impacts positively on economic growth over the period of coverage in this study. However, lending (interest) rate …
Neither The Washington Nor Beijing Consensus: Developmental Models To Fit African Realities And Cultures,
2011
Central Bank of Nigeria
Neither The Washington Nor Beijing Consensus: Developmental Models To Fit African Realities And Cultures, Sanusi L. Sanusi
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)
No abstract provided.
A General Family Of Dual To Ratio-Cum-Product Estimator In Sample Surveys,
2011
University of New Mexico
A General Family Of Dual To Ratio-Cum-Product Estimator In Sample Surveys, Florentin Smarandache, Rajesh Singh, Mukesh Kumar, Pankaj Chauhan, Nirmala Sawan
Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications
This paper presents a family of dual to ratio-cum-product estimators for the finite population mean. Under simple random sampling without replacement (SRSWOR) scheme, expressions of the bias and mean-squared error (MSE) up to the first order of approximation are derived. We show that the proposed family is more efficient than usual unbiased estimator, ratio estimator, product estimator, Singh estimator (1967), Srivenkataramana (1980) and Bandyopadhyaya estimator (1980) and Singh et al. (2005) estimator. An empirical study is carried out to illustrate the performance of the constructed estimator over others.
Comparison Of Several Tests For Combining Several Independent Tests,
2011
Columbus State University
Comparison Of Several Tests For Combining Several Independent Tests, Madhusudan Bhandary, Xuan Zhang
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods
Several tests for combining p-values from independent tests have been considered to address a particular common testing problem. A simulation study shows that Fisher’s (1932) Inverse Chi-square test is optimal based on a power comparison of several different tests.
Discriminant Analysis For Repeated Measures Data: Effects Of Mean And Covariance Misspecification On Bias And Error In Discriminant Function Coefficients,
2011
University of Saskatchewan
Discriminant Analysis For Repeated Measures Data: Effects Of Mean And Covariance Misspecification On Bias And Error In Discriminant Function Coefficients, Tolulope T. Sajobi, Lisa M. Lix, Longhai Li, William Laverty
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods
Discriminant analysis (DA) procedures based on parsimonious mean and/or covariance structures have been proposed for repeated measures (RM) data. Bias and means square error of discriminant function coefficients (DFCs) for DA procedures are investigated when the mean and/or covariance structures are correctly specified and misspecified.
Construction Of Control Charts Based On Six Sigma Initiatives For The Number Of Defects And Average Number Of Defects Per Unit,
2011
P.S.G. College of Arts and Science
Construction Of Control Charts Based On Six Sigma Initiatives For The Number Of Defects And Average Number Of Defects Per Unit, R. Radhakrishnan, P. Balamurugan
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods
A control chart is a statistical device used for the study and control of a repetitive process. In 1931, Shewart suggested control charts based on 3 sigma limits. Today manufacturing companies around the world apply Six Sigma initiatives, with a result offewer product defects. Companies practicing Six Sigma initiatives are expected to produce 3.4 or less number of defects per million opportunities, a concept suggested by Motorola in 1980. If companies practicing Six Sigma initiatives use control limits suggested by Shewhart, then no points will fall outside the control limits due to the improvement in the quality of the process. …
Identification Of Optimal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model On Temperature Data,
2011
Federal University of Technology
Identification Of Optimal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model On Temperature Data, Olusola Samuel Makinde, Olusoga Akin Fasoranbaku
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods
Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) processes of various orders are presented to identify an optimal model from a class of models. Parameters of the models are estimated using an Ordinary Least Square (OLS) approach. ARIMA (p, d, q) is formulated for maximum daily temperature data in Ondo and Zaira from January 1995 to November 2005. The choice of ARIMA models of orders p and q is intended to retain persistence in a natural process. To determine the performance of models, Normalized Bayesian Information Criterion is adopted. The ARIMA (1, 1, 1) is adequate for modeling maximum daily temperature in Ondo …
Height-Diameter Relationship In Tree Modeling Using Simultaneous Equation Techniques In Correlated Normal Deviates,
2011
Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria
Height-Diameter Relationship In Tree Modeling Using Simultaneous Equation Techniques In Correlated Normal Deviates, S. O. Oyamakin
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods
In other to study the complex simultaneous relationships existing in forest/tree growth modeling, six estimation methods of a simultaneous equation model are examined to determine how they cope with varying degrees of correlation between pairs of random deviates using average parameter estimates. A two-equation simultaneous system assumed covariance matrix was considered. The model was structured to have a mutual correlation between pairs of random deviates: a violation of the assumption of mutual independence between pairs of such random deviates. The correlation between the pairs of normal deviates were generated using three scenarios r = 0.0, 0.3 and 0.5. The performances …
Tests For Correlation On Bivariate Non-Normal Data,
2011
North Carolina State University
Tests For Correlation On Bivariate Non-Normal Data, L. Beversdorf, Ping Sa
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods
Two statistics are considered to test the population correlation for non-normally distributed bivariate data. A simulation study shows that both statistics control type I error rates well for left-tailed tests and have reasonable power performance.
Lq-Moments For Regional Flood Frequency Analysis: A Case Study For The North-Bank Region Of The Brahmaputra River, India,
2011
Tezpur University
Lq-Moments For Regional Flood Frequency Analysis: A Case Study For The North-Bank Region Of The Brahmaputra River, India, Abhijit Bhuyan, Munindra Borah
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods
The LQ-moment proposed by Mudholkar, et al. (1998) is used for regional flood frequency analysis of the North-Bank region of the river Brahmaputra, India. Five probability distributions are used for the LQmoment: generalized extreme value (GEV), generalized logistic (GLO) and generalized Pareto (GPA), lognormal (LN3) and Pearson Type III (PE3). The same regional frequency analysis procedure proposed by Hosking (1990) for the L-moment is used for the LQ-moment. Based on the LQ-moment ratio diagram and |Zidist| -statistic criteria, the PE3 distribution is identified as the robust distribution for the study area. For estimation of floods of various …
Explicit Equations For Acf In Autoregressive Processes In The Presence Of Heteroscedasticity Disturbances,
2011
The Islamic University of Gaza
Explicit Equations For Acf In Autoregressive Processes In The Presence Of Heteroscedasticity Disturbances, Samir Safi
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods
The autocorrelation function, ACF, is an important guide to the properties of a time series. Explicit equations are derived for ACF in the presence of heteroscedasticity disturbances in pth order autoregressive, AR(p), processes. Two cases are presented: (1) when the disturbance term follows the general covariance matrix, Σ , and (2) when the diagonal elements of Σ are not all identical but σi,j = 0 ∀i ≠ j.
Type I Error Rates Of The Two-Sample Pseudo-Median Procedure,
2011
Universiti Utara Malaysia
Type I Error Rates Of The Two-Sample Pseudo-Median Procedure, Nor Aishah Ahad, Abdul Rahman Othman, Sharipah Soaad Syed Yahaya
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods
The performance of the pseudo-median based procedure is examined in terms of controlling Type I error for a two independent groups test. The procedure is a modification of the one-sample Wilcoxon statistic using the pseudo-median of differences between group values as the central measure of location. The proposed procedure was shown to have good control of Type I error rates under the study conditions regardless of distribution type.
Modified Ratio And Product Estimators For Population Mean In Systematic Sampling,
2011
Vikram University, Ujjain, India
Modified Ratio And Product Estimators For Population Mean In Systematic Sampling, Housila P. Singh, Rajesh Tailor, Narendra Kumar Jatwa
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods
The estimation of population mean in systematic sampling is explored. Properties of a ratio and product estimator that have been suggested in systematic sampling are investigated, along with the properties of double sampling. Following Swain (1964), the cost aspect is also discussed.
Estimation Of Parameters Of Johnson’S System Of Distributions,
2011
Florida International University
Estimation Of Parameters Of Johnson’S System Of Distributions, Florence George, K. M. Ramachandran
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods
Fitting distributions to data has a long history and many different procedures have been advocated. Although models like normal, log-normal and gamma lead to a wide variety of distribution shapes, they do not provide the degree of generality that is frequently desirable (Hahn & Shapiro, 1967). To formally represent a set of data by an empirical distribution, Johnson (1949) derived a system of curves with the flexibility to cover a wide variety of shapes. Methods available to estimate the parameters of the Johnson distribution are discussed, and a new approach to estimate the four parameters of the Johnson family is …
Robust Inference For Regression With Spatially Correlated Errors,
2011
Case Western Reserve University
Robust Inference For Regression With Spatially Correlated Errors, Juchi Ou, Jeffrey M. Albert
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods
A robust variance estimator for a regression model with spatially correlated errors is proposed using the estimated empirical covariogram. Simulations studies show unbiasedness and robustness for the OLS but not for the GLS estimates. The new robust variance estimation method is applied to hospital quality data.. Stephanie A.
