Asymmetric Architecture For Heralded Single-Photon Sources,
2013
University of Padua
Asymmetric Architecture For Heralded Single-Photon Sources, Luca Mazzarella, Francesco Ticozzi, Alexander V. Sergienko, Giuseppe Vallone, Paolo Villoresi
Dartmouth Scholarship
Single-photon sources represent a fundamental building block for optical implementations of quantum information tasks ranging from basic tests of quantum physics to quantum communication and high-resolution quantum measurement. In this paper, in order to compare the effectiveness of different designs, we introduce a single-photon source performance index, based on the maximum probability of generating a single photon that still guarantees a given signal-to-noise ratio. We then investigate the performance of a multiplexed system based on asymmetric configuration of multiple heralded single-photon sources. The performance and scalability comparison with both currently existing multiple-source architectures and faint laser configurations reveals an advantage …
Strengthening Weak-Value Amplification With Recycled Photons,
2013
Chapman University
Strengthening Weak-Value Amplification With Recycled Photons, Justin Dressel, Kevin Lyons, Andrew N. Jordan, Trent M. Graham, Paul G. Kwiat
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We consider the use of cyclic weak measurements to improve the sensitivity of weak-value amplification precision measurement schemes. Previous weak-value experiments have used only a small fraction of events, while discarding the rest through the process of “postselection.” We extend this idea by considering recycling of events which are typically unused in a weak measurement. Here we treat a sequence of polarized laser pulses effectively trapped inside an interferometer using a Pockels cell and polarization optics. In principle, all photons can be postselected, which will improve the measurement sensitivity. We first provide a qualitative argument for the expected improvements from …
Quantum Instruments As A Foundation For Both States And Observables,
2013
Chapman University
Quantum Instruments As A Foundation For Both States And Observables, Justin Dressel, Andrew N. Jordan
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We demonstrate that quantum instruments can provide a unified operational foundation for quantum theory. Since these instruments directly correspond to laboratory devices, this foundation provides an alternate, more experimentally grounded, perspective from which to understand the elements of the traditional approach.We first show that in principle all measurable probabilities and correlations can be expressed entirely in terms of quantum instruments without the need for conventional quantum states or observables. We then show how these states and observables reappear as derived quantities by conditioning joint detection probabilities on the first or last measurement in a sequence as a preparation or a …
Controllability Of Open Quantum Optical Systems: Photon Fock States In A Cavity,
2013
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Controllability Of Open Quantum Optical Systems: Photon Fock States In A Cavity, Byron Henry Lowry
Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses
There has always been a significant interest in using optical systems to control quantum phenomena. A major barrier to controllability of quantum optical systems is the fact that the systems are usually innite dimensional open systems, two cases which have mostly negative controllability results. This thesis develops three new definitions of controllability and reformulates a previous controllability theorem in order to apply the theorem to the system of interest. Then, the controllability of a pumped dissipative quantum optical cavity with engineered decoherence is investigated using previously developed concepts in quantum control theory, as well as the ones developed in this …
Contributions To The Cuore Collaboration,
2013
California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
Contributions To The Cuore Collaboration, Samuel Joseph Meijer
Physics
This paper describes work done between 2010 and 2013 to contribute to the CUORE collaboration, a physics collaboration searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay in tellurium. Measurement of this decay would indicate fundamental information about the nature of the neutrino. The implementation of a parylene-coated detector frame is described. Also, a temperature stabilization system for an automated gluing system was constructed. An image recognition algorithm is described for locating spots of glue and evaluating their acceptability.
Yet Another Snapshot Of Foundational Attitudes Toward Quantum Mechanics,
2013
Smith College
Yet Another Snapshot Of Foundational Attitudes Toward Quantum Mechanics, Travis Norsen, Sarah Nelson
Physics: Faculty Publications
A survey probing respondents' views on various foundational issues in quantum mechanics was recently created by Schlosshauer, Kofler, and Zeilinger [arXiv:1301.1069] and then given to 33 participants at a quantum foundations conference. Here we report the results of giving this same survey to the attendees at another recent quantum foundations conference. While it is rather difficult to conclude anything of scientific significance from the poll, the results do strongly suggest several interesting cultural facts -- for example, that there exist, within the broad field of "quantum foundations", sub-communities with quite different views, and that (relatedly) there is probably …
Hilbert Space Theory And Applications In Basic Quantum Mechanics,
2013
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Hilbert Space Theory And Applications In Basic Quantum Mechanics, Matthew Gagne
Mathematics
We explore the basic mathematical physics of quantum mechanics. Our primary focus will be on Hilbert space theory and applications as well as the theory of linear operators on Hilbert space. We show how Hermitian operators are used to represent quantum observables and investigate the spectrum of various linear operators. We discuss deviation and uncertainty and briefly suggest how symmetry and representations are involved in quantum theory.
Development Without Energy? Assessing Future Scenarios Of Energy Consumption In Developing Countries,
2013
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
Development Without Energy? Assessing Future Scenarios Of Energy Consumption In Developing Countries, Jan Christof Steckel, Robert J. Brecha, Michael Jakob, Jessica Strefler, Gunnar Luderer
Physics Faculty Publications
We analyze the relationship between economic development and energy consumption in the context of greenhouse gas mitigation. The main contribution of this work is to compare estimates of energy thresholds in the form of minimum energy requirements to reach high levels of development with output projections of per capita final energy supply from a group of integrated assessment models (IAMs). Scenarios project that reductions of carbon emissions in developing countries will be achieved not only by means of decreasing the carbon intensity, but also by making a significant break with the historically observed relationship between energy use and economic growth. …
Rotman Institute Speaker: Feminist Neo-Materialism And The Future Of Phenomenology,
2013
University of Colorado at Colorado Springs
Rotman Institute Speaker: Feminist Neo-Materialism And The Future Of Phenomenology, Dorothea Olkowski
Future Directions in Feminist Phenomenology
No abstract provided.
Multiband S -Wave Topological Superconductors: Role Of Dimensionality And Magnetic Field Response,
2013
Dartmouth College
Multiband S -Wave Topological Superconductors: Role Of Dimensionality And Magnetic Field Response, Shusa Deng, Gerardo Ortiz, Lorenza Viola
Dartmouth Scholarship
We further investigate a class of time-reversal-invariant two-band s-wave topological superconductors introduced earlier [Deng, Viola, and Ortiz, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 036803 (2012)]. Provided that a sign reversal between the two superconducting pairing gaps is realized, the topological phase diagram can be determined exactly (within mean field) in one and two dimensions as well as in three dimensions upon restricting to the excitation spectrum of time-reversal-invariant momentum modes. We show how, in the presence of time-reversal symmetry, Z2 invariants that distinguish between trivial and nontrivial quantum phases can be constructed by considering only one of the Kramers’ sectors …
Forensic Investigation Of Stamped Markings Using A Large-Chamber Scanning Electron Microscope And Computer Analysis For Depth Determination,
2013
Western Kentucky University
Forensic Investigation Of Stamped Markings Using A Large-Chamber Scanning Electron Microscope And Computer Analysis For Depth Determination, Eric Douglas Jones
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
All firearms within the United States are required by the Gun Control Act to be physically marked with a serial number; which is at least 0.003” in depth and 1/16” in height. The purpose of a serial number is to make each firearm uniquely identifiable and traceable. Intentional removal of a serial number is a criminal offense and is used to hide the identity and movements of the involved criminal parties. The current standard for firearm serial number restoration is by chemical etching; which is time & labor intensive as well as destructive to the physical evidence (firearm). It is …
The Fine-Tuning Of Nomic Behavior In Multiverse Scenarios,
2013
University of Edinburgh
The Fine-Tuning Of Nomic Behavior In Multiverse Scenarios, Max Lewis Edward Andrews
Masters Theses
The multiverse hypothesis (the view that there is not just one world or universe in existence, bur rather that there are many) is the leading alternative to the competing fine-tuning hypothesis (the laws of physics and constants are fine-tuned for the existence of life). The multiverse dispels many aspects of the fine-tuning argument by suggesting that there are different initial conditions in each universe, varying constants of physics, and the laws of nature lose their known arbitrary values; thus, making the previous single-universe argument from fine- tuning incredibly weak. The position that will be advocated will be that a form …
Novel Materials For Use In Homeland Security Research,
2013
Western Kentucky University
Novel Materials For Use In Homeland Security Research, Jason Osgood Ewen Young
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Organometallic pyridazines and compounds derived from them have been of interest in polymer research due to their atypical environmental stability (as compared to other non-aromatic organic semiconductors) as well as their conductivity. The off-metal synthesis and characterization of several pyridazyl thallium, manganese, and rhenium complexes, beginning with fulvenes 1,2- C5H3(COHR)(COR), are reported here. The diacyl fulvenes were treated with hydrazine hydrate to ring close to pyridazines. Next, the pyridazines were converted to their respective thallium salts through treatment with thallium (I) ethoxide. Lastly, the salts were transmetallated into the respective rhenium or manganese complexes through treatment with the respective metal …
Quantum Resonant Beats And Revivals In The Morse Oscillators And Rotors,
2013
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Quantum Resonant Beats And Revivals In The Morse Oscillators And Rotors, Zhenhua Li
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Analytical eigenfunctions and eigenvalues for the Morse oscillator were applied to investigate the quantum resonant beats and revivals of wave packet propagation. A concise way for exact prediction of the complete revival period of the Morse oscillator was given for the first time. It was suggested that any complete period was made of integer numbers of the minimum or fundamental period. Within the fundamental period, the anharmonicity of this oscillator appeared to cause interesting space-time phenomena that include relatively simple Farey-sum revival structures. In addition, a simple sum of two Morse oscillators led to a double-Morse well whose geometric symmetry …
Null Values And Quantum State Discrimination,
2013
Weizmann Institute of Science
Null Values And Quantum State Discrimination, Oded Zilberberg, Alessandro Romito, David J. Starling, Gregory A. Howland, Curtis J. Broadbent, John C. Howell, Yuval Gefen
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We present a measurement protocol for discriminating between two different quantum states of a qubit with high fidelity. The protocol, called null value, is comprised of a projective measurement performed on the system with a small probability (also known as partial collapse), followed by a tuned postselection. We report on an optical experimental implementation of the scheme. We show that our protocol leads to an amplified signal-to-noise ratio (as compared with a straightforward strong measurement) when discerning between the two quantum states.
Superfluidity In Neutron Stars,
2013
Washington University in St Louis
Superfluidity In Neutron Stars, Samuel J. Witte
Undergraduate Theses—Unrestricted
Nucleon pairing is studied with specific considerations directed toward the possible influence on neutron star cooling. We present an in-depth analysis of BCS theory using realistic nuclear potentials and consider the impact short-range correlations can have on the gap. Gap calculations are incorporated into neutron star cooling simulations and the significance of the 3P2 −3F2 channel in various hadronic cooling models is closely examined. An analysis of the 1S0 gap in neutron matter suggests short-range correlations can drastically alter the magnitude, density range, and temperature dependence of the gap. While the newly constructed 1S0 gap does not significantly alter the …
The Pilot-Wave Perspective On Quantum Scattering And Tunneling,
2013
Smith College
The Pilot-Wave Perspective On Quantum Scattering And Tunneling, Travis Norsen
Physics: Faculty Publications
The de Broglie-Bohm “pilot-wave” theory replaces the paradoxical wave-particle duality of ordinary quantum theory with a more mundane and literal kind of duality: each individual photon or electron comprises a quantum wave (evolving in accordance with the usual quantum mechanical wave equation) and a particle that, under the influence of the wave, traces out a definite trajectory. The definite particle trajectory allows the theory to account for the results of experiments without the usual recourse to additional dynamical axioms about measurements. Instead, one need simply assume that particle detectors click when particles arrive at them. This alternative understanding of quantum …
Quantum Man,
2013
Claremont Colleges
Quantum Man, Julian Voss-Andreae
The Transdisciplinary STEAM+ Journal
According to quantum physics, the world is fundamentally quite different than it seems. Drawing inspiration from the underlying nature of reality, former quantum physicist Julian Voss-Andreae created an image of a walking human as a quantum object. Made up of parallel sheets of steel, the sculpture is a metaphor for the counter-intuitive world of quantum physics. Symbolizing the dual nature of matter with the appearance of classical reality on the surface and cloudy quantum behavior underneath, the sculpture seems to consist of solid steel when seen from the front, but dissolves into almost nothing when seen from the side.
Balconies,
2013
Blaze Hill Press, California, USA
Balconies, Joe Guimera
The Transdisciplinary STEAM+ Journal
Recent developments in theoretical physics suggest the possibility of parallel universes. What if we could see two or more universes at the same time? In effect, superimpose a scene from one universe; say a street corner, over the image of the same scene from a second universe? The photograph “Balconies” imagines the possibilities.
Quantum Programming In Python: Quantum 1d Simple Harmonic Oscillator And Quantum Mapping Gate,
2013
California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
Quantum Programming In Python: Quantum 1d Simple Harmonic Oscillator And Quantum Mapping Gate, Matthew Hoff
Physics
A common problem when learning Quantum Mechanics is the complexity in the mathematical and physical concepts, which leads to difficulty in solving and understanding problems. Using programming languages like Python have become more and more prevalent in solving challenging physical systems. An open-source computer algebra system, SymPy, has been developed using Python to help solve these difficult systems. I have added code to the SymPy library for two different systems, a One-Dimensional Quantum Harmonic Oscillator and a Quantum Mapping Gate used in Quantum Computing.
