Can Bohmian Mechanics Be Made Relativistic?,
2013
Ludwig Maximilians Universitat, Munchen
Can Bohmian Mechanics Be Made Relativistic?, Detlef Dürr, Sheldon Goldstein, Travis Norsen, Ward Struyve, Nino Zaghì
Physics: Faculty Publications
In relativistic space-time, Bohmian theories can be formulated by introducing a privileged foliation of space-time. The introduction of such a foliation – as extra absolute space-time structure – would seem to imply a clear violation of Lorentz invariance, and thus a conflict with fundamental relativity. Here, we consider the possibility that, instead of positing it as extra structure, the required foliation could be covariantly determined by the wave function. We argue that this allows for the formulation of Bohmian theories that seem to qualify as fundamentally Lorentz invariant. We conclude with some discussion of whether or not they might also …
Solar Energy Conversion And Control Using Organic Photovoltaic Cells,
2013
Western Kentucky University
Solar Energy Conversion And Control Using Organic Photovoltaic Cells, Kurt Wade Woods
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells are advanced, newly emerging technologies that are lightweight, mechanically flexible devices with highthroughput processes from low cost material in a variety of colors. Rathnayake et al. of Western Kentucky University have developed a nanostructure-based OPV cell. Presented in this thesis is a model and simulation of a generalized PV powered system that can predict the performance of solar arrays in various environmental conditions. The simulation has been carried out in Matlab/Simulink, and upon entering the cell’s parameters, it provides key electrical characteristics such as the cell’s I-V curve and efficiency information. The total system that is …
Global Fossil Energy Markets And Climate Change Mitigation: An Analysis With Remind,
2013
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
Global Fossil Energy Markets And Climate Change Mitigation: An Analysis With Remind, Nico Bauer, Ioanna Mouratiadou, Gunnar Luderer, Lavinia Baumstark, Robert J. Brecha, Ottmar Edenhofer, Elmar Kriegler
Physics Faculty Publications
We analyze the dynamics of global fossil resource markets under different assumptions for the supply of fossil fuel resources, development pathways for energy demand, and climate policy settings. Resource markets, in particular the oil market, are characterized by a large discrepancy between costs of resource extraction and commodity prices on international markets. We explain this observation in terms of (a) the intertemporal scarcity rent, (b) regional price differentials arising from trade and transport costs, (c) heterogeneity and inertia in the extraction sector. These effects are captured by the REMIND model. We use the model to explore economic effects of changes …
Elementary Studies Of Twisted Bilayer Graphene,
2013
Purdue University
Elementary Studies Of Twisted Bilayer Graphene, Branden P. Burns, Yong P. Chen
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
In the nanotechnology field, some existing materials and applications are harmful to the environment, not efficient for certain tasks, or too expensive to be fully utilized. Graphene is a strong and cheap material that can be used to improve current nanotechnologies for more practical uses in society. Twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) is an orientation of graphene layers that exhibit different properties than regular bilayer graphene. It is made by placing a single layer of graphene on top of another at an angle with respect to the other lattice orientation. Understanding the characteristics of TBG is important to uncover more physics …
Investigation Of Major Intermolecular Interactions In 7,8-Dihydrobenzo(K)Phenanthridin-6(5h)-One Crystal Using Quantum Calculations And Crystallographic Visualization Programs,
2013
Purdue University
Investigation Of Major Intermolecular Interactions In 7,8-Dihydrobenzo(K)Phenanthridin-6(5h)-One Crystal Using Quantum Calculations And Crystallographic Visualization Programs, Zhiwei Liao, Tonglei Li, Mingtao Zhang
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
Currently, tablets and capsules are the most common ways of delivering drugs. The active pharmaceutical ingredients and excipients used to make those tablets and capsules are in their crystalline form generally. However, a single molecule can form multiple different crystal structures because of different packing arrangements of the molecules. These different crystal structures have identical chemical composition but different properties such as solubility, density, stability, etc. This phenomenon is called polymorphism. Occurrence of polymorphism could be a disaster for both patients and pharmaceutical companies, as the drug could lose its efficacy due to changes in properties. Studying intermolecular interactions in …
Action Principle For Continuous Quantum Measurement,
2013
University of Rochester
Action Principle For Continuous Quantum Measurement, A. Chantasri, Justin Dressel, Andrew N. Jordan
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We present a stochastic path integral formalism for continuous quantum measurement that enables the analysis of rare events using action methods. By doubling the quantum state space to a canonical phase space, we can write the joint probability density function of measurement outcomes and quantum state trajectories as a phase space path integral. Extremizing this action produces the most likely paths with boundary conditions defined by preselected and postselected states as solutions to a set of ordinary differential equations. As an application, we analyze continuous qubit measurement in detail and examine the structure of a quantum jump in the Zeno …
Dynamics Underlying The Gaussian Distribution Of The Classical Harmonic Oscillator In Zero-Point Radiation,
2013
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Dynamics Underlying The Gaussian Distribution Of The Classical Harmonic Oscillator In Zero-Point Radiation, Wayne Cheng-Wei Huang, Herman Batelaan
Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications
Stochastic electrodynamics (SED) predicts a Gaussian probability distribution for a classical harmonic oscillator in the vacuum field. This probability distribution is identical to that of the ground state quantum harmonic oscillator. Thus, the Heisenberg minimum uncertainty relation is recovered in SED. To understand the dynamics that give rise to the uncertainty relation and the Gaussian probability distribution, we perform a numerical simulation and follow the motion of the oscillator. The dynamical information obtained through the simulation provides insight to the connection between the classic double-peak probability distribution and the Gaussian probability distribution. A main objective for SED research is to …
Comment On "Unified Formalism Of Adreev Reflection At A Ferromagnet/Superconductor Interface",
2013
Royal Holloway, University of London
Comment On "Unified Formalism Of Adreev Reflection At A Ferromagnet/Superconductor Interface", M. Eschrig, A. A. Golubov, I. I. Mazin, B. Nadgorny, Y. Tanaka, O. T. Valls, Igor Žutić
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Research Publications
A Comment on the Letter by T. Y. Chen et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 146602 (2012) The authors of the Letter offer a Reply.
Freeze-Out Dynamics Via Charged Kaon Femtoscopy In √ Snn = 200 Gev Central Au + Au Collisions,
2013
AGH University of Science and Technology
Freeze-Out Dynamics Via Charged Kaon Femtoscopy In √ Snn = 200 Gev Central Au + Au Collisions, L. Adamczyk, E. Elnimr, S. Lapointe, C. Pruneau, J. Putschke, M. Sharma, L. H. Tarini, S. A. Voloshin, Star Collaboration
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Research Publications
We present measurements of three-dimensional correlation functions of like-sign, low-transverse-momentum kaon pairs from √sNN=200 GeV Au+Au collisions. A Cartesian surface-spherical harmonic decomposition technique was used to extract the kaon source function. The latter was found to have a three-dimensional Gaussian shape and can be adequately reproduced by Therminator event-generator simulations with resonance contributions taken into account. Compared to the pion one, the kaon source function is generally narrower and does not have the long tail along the pair transverse momentum direction. The kaon Gaussian radii display a monotonic decrease with increasing transverse mass mT over …
Wave Function For Time-Dependent Harmonically Confined Electrons In A Time-Dependent Electric Field,
2013
Ningbo University
Wave Function For Time-Dependent Harmonically Confined Electrons In A Time-Dependent Electric Field, Yu-Qi Li, Xiao-Yin Pan, Viraht Sahni
Publications and Research
The many-body wave function of a system of interacting particles confined by a time-dependent harmonic potential and perturbed by a time-dependent spatially homogeneous electric field is derived via the Feynman path-integral method. The wave function is comprised of a phase factor times the solution to the unperturbed time-dependent Schrödinger equation with the latter being translated by a time-dependent value that satisfies the classical driven equation of motion. The wave function reduces to that of the Harmonic Potential Theorem wave function for the case of the time-independent harmonic confining potential.
The Carbon Rent Economics Of Climate Policy,
2013
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
The Carbon Rent Economics Of Climate Policy, Matthias Kalkuhl, Robert J. Brecha
Physics Faculty Publications
By reducing the demand for fossil fuels, climate policy can reduce scarcity rents for fossil resource owners. As mitigation policies ultimately aim to limit emissions, a new scarcity for “space” in the atmosphere to deposit emissions is created. The associated scarcity rent, or climate rent (that is, for example, directly visible in permit prices under an emission trading scheme) can be higher or lower than the original fossil resource rent. In this paper, we analyze analytically and numerically the impact of mitigation targets, resource availability, backstop costs, discount rates and demand parameters on fossil resource rents and the climate rent. …
Asymmetric Architecture For Heralded Single-Photon Sources,
2013
University of Padua
Asymmetric Architecture For Heralded Single-Photon Sources, Luca Mazzarella, Francesco Ticozzi, Alexander V. Sergienko, Giuseppe Vallone, Paolo Villoresi
Dartmouth Scholarship
Single-photon sources represent a fundamental building block for optical implementations of quantum information tasks ranging from basic tests of quantum physics to quantum communication and high-resolution quantum measurement. In this paper, in order to compare the effectiveness of different designs, we introduce a single-photon source performance index, based on the maximum probability of generating a single photon that still guarantees a given signal-to-noise ratio. We then investigate the performance of a multiplexed system based on asymmetric configuration of multiple heralded single-photon sources. The performance and scalability comparison with both currently existing multiple-source architectures and faint laser configurations reveals an advantage …
Strengthening Weak-Value Amplification With Recycled Photons,
2013
Chapman University
Strengthening Weak-Value Amplification With Recycled Photons, Justin Dressel, Kevin Lyons, Andrew N. Jordan, Trent M. Graham, Paul G. Kwiat
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We consider the use of cyclic weak measurements to improve the sensitivity of weak-value amplification precision measurement schemes. Previous weak-value experiments have used only a small fraction of events, while discarding the rest through the process of “postselection.” We extend this idea by considering recycling of events which are typically unused in a weak measurement. Here we treat a sequence of polarized laser pulses effectively trapped inside an interferometer using a Pockels cell and polarization optics. In principle, all photons can be postselected, which will improve the measurement sensitivity. We first provide a qualitative argument for the expected improvements from …
Quantum Instruments As A Foundation For Both States And Observables,
2013
Chapman University
Quantum Instruments As A Foundation For Both States And Observables, Justin Dressel, Andrew N. Jordan
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We demonstrate that quantum instruments can provide a unified operational foundation for quantum theory. Since these instruments directly correspond to laboratory devices, this foundation provides an alternate, more experimentally grounded, perspective from which to understand the elements of the traditional approach.We first show that in principle all measurable probabilities and correlations can be expressed entirely in terms of quantum instruments without the need for conventional quantum states or observables. We then show how these states and observables reappear as derived quantities by conditioning joint detection probabilities on the first or last measurement in a sequence as a preparation or a …
Controllability Of Open Quantum Optical Systems: Photon Fock States In A Cavity,
2013
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Controllability Of Open Quantum Optical Systems: Photon Fock States In A Cavity, Byron Henry Lowry
Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses
There has always been a significant interest in using optical systems to control quantum phenomena. A major barrier to controllability of quantum optical systems is the fact that the systems are usually innite dimensional open systems, two cases which have mostly negative controllability results. This thesis develops three new definitions of controllability and reformulates a previous controllability theorem in order to apply the theorem to the system of interest. Then, the controllability of a pumped dissipative quantum optical cavity with engineered decoherence is investigated using previously developed concepts in quantum control theory, as well as the ones developed in this …
Contributions To The Cuore Collaboration,
2013
California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
Contributions To The Cuore Collaboration, Samuel Joseph Meijer
Physics
This paper describes work done between 2010 and 2013 to contribute to the CUORE collaboration, a physics collaboration searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay in tellurium. Measurement of this decay would indicate fundamental information about the nature of the neutrino. The implementation of a parylene-coated detector frame is described. Also, a temperature stabilization system for an automated gluing system was constructed. An image recognition algorithm is described for locating spots of glue and evaluating their acceptability.
Yet Another Snapshot Of Foundational Attitudes Toward Quantum Mechanics,
2013
Smith College
Yet Another Snapshot Of Foundational Attitudes Toward Quantum Mechanics, Travis Norsen, Sarah Nelson
Physics: Faculty Publications
A survey probing respondents' views on various foundational issues in quantum mechanics was recently created by Schlosshauer, Kofler, and Zeilinger [arXiv:1301.1069] and then given to 33 participants at a quantum foundations conference. Here we report the results of giving this same survey to the attendees at another recent quantum foundations conference. While it is rather difficult to conclude anything of scientific significance from the poll, the results do strongly suggest several interesting cultural facts -- for example, that there exist, within the broad field of "quantum foundations", sub-communities with quite different views, and that (relatedly) there is probably …
Hilbert Space Theory And Applications In Basic Quantum Mechanics,
2013
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Hilbert Space Theory And Applications In Basic Quantum Mechanics, Matthew Gagne
Mathematics
We explore the basic mathematical physics of quantum mechanics. Our primary focus will be on Hilbert space theory and applications as well as the theory of linear operators on Hilbert space. We show how Hermitian operators are used to represent quantum observables and investigate the spectrum of various linear operators. We discuss deviation and uncertainty and briefly suggest how symmetry and representations are involved in quantum theory.
Development Without Energy? Assessing Future Scenarios Of Energy Consumption In Developing Countries,
2013
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
Development Without Energy? Assessing Future Scenarios Of Energy Consumption In Developing Countries, Jan Christof Steckel, Robert J. Brecha, Michael Jakob, Jessica Strefler, Gunnar Luderer
Physics Faculty Publications
We analyze the relationship between economic development and energy consumption in the context of greenhouse gas mitigation. The main contribution of this work is to compare estimates of energy thresholds in the form of minimum energy requirements to reach high levels of development with output projections of per capita final energy supply from a group of integrated assessment models (IAMs). Scenarios project that reductions of carbon emissions in developing countries will be achieved not only by means of decreasing the carbon intensity, but also by making a significant break with the historically observed relationship between energy use and economic growth. …
Rotman Institute Speaker: Feminist Neo-Materialism And The Future Of Phenomenology,
2013
University of Colorado at Colorado Springs
Rotman Institute Speaker: Feminist Neo-Materialism And The Future Of Phenomenology, Dorothea Olkowski
Future Directions in Feminist Phenomenology
No abstract provided.
