Other Physics Commons^™

Why Physical Understanding Should Precede The Mathematical Formalism—Conditional Quantum Probabilities As A Case-Study, Yakir Aharonov, Eliahu Cohen, David H. Oaknin

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Conditional probabilities in quantum systems which have both initial and final boundary conditions are commonly evaluated using the Aharonov–Bergmann–Lebowitz rule. In this short note, we present a seemingly disturbing paradox that appears when applying the rule to systems with slightly broken degeneracies. In these cases, we encounter a singular limit—the probability “jumps” when going from perfect degeneracy to negligibly broken one. We trace the origin of the paradox and solve it from both traditional and modern perspectives in order to highlight the physics behind it: the necessity to take into account the finite resolution of the measuring device. As a …

Nidus Idearum. Scilogs, Vii: Superluminal Physics - Second Edition, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

My lab[oratory] is a virtual facility with non-controlled conditions in which I mostly perform scientific meditation and chats: a nest of ideas (nidus idearum, in Latin). I called the jottings herein scilogs (truncations of the words scientific, and gr. Λόγος – appealing rather to its original meanings "ground", "opinion", "expectation"), combining the welly of both science and informal (via internet) talks (in English, French, and Romanian). * In this seventh book of scilogs collected from my nest of ideas, one may find new and old questions and solutions, referring to different scientific topics – email messages to research colleagues, or …

Human Neutrosophic Evolution In Spiral Or The Divine Is In The Man, Florentin Smarandache, Andrușa R. Vătuiu

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Practical Chaos: Using Dynamical Systems To Encrypt Audio And Visual Data, Julia Ruiter

Scripps Senior Theses

Although dynamical systems have a multitude of classical uses in physics and applied mathematics, new research in theoretical computer science shows that dynamical systems can also be used as a highly secure method of encrypting data. Properties of Lorenz and similar systems of equations yield chaotic outputs that are good at masking the underlying data both physically and mathematically. This paper aims to show how Lorenz systems may be used to encrypt text and image data, as well as provide a framework for how physical mechanisms may be built using these properties to transmit encrypted wave signals.

Announcement: In Memory Of Yong Ho Chin, Michael Thoennessen, Debbie Brodbar, Brant Johnson, Jean Delayen, Dan Kulp, Frank Zimmermann, Maria Poko

Physics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Solutions For Fermi Questions, May 2019: Question 1: Graduation Speeches; Question 2: Fan Propulsion, Larry Weinstein

Physics Faculty Publications

[Introduction] How many person-hoursare spent listening to graduation speeches each year? How long is this in lifetimes?

Answer: Just about everyone graduates high school and goes to their graduation, usually with guests. Only about 30% of Americans (more than 10% and less than 100% graduate college, so we will ignore those graduates. Therefore we need to estimate the number of graduating high school seniors, the number of guests per senior, and the length of the graduation speeches.

Spin- And Angle-Resolved Photoemission Studies Of The Electronic Structure Of Si(110)“16×2” Surfaces, N. K. Lewis, Y. Lassailly, L. Martinelli, I. Vobornik, J. Fujii, C. Bigi, Evan M. Brunkow, Nathan B. Clayburn, Timothy J. Gay, W. R. Flavell, E. A. Seddon

Timothy J. Gay Publications

The electronic structure of Si(110)“16×2” double-domain, single-domain, and 1×1 surfaces have been investigated using spin- and angle-resolved photoemission at sample temperatures of 77K and 300K. Angleresolved photoemission was conducted using horizontally and vertically polarized 60 eV and 80 eV photons. Band-dispersion maps revealed four surface states (S₁ to S₄) which were assigned to silicon dangling bonds on the basis of measured binding energies and photoemission intensity changes between horizontal and vertical light polarizations. Three surface states (S₁, S₂, and S₄), observed in the Si(110)“16×2” reconstruction, were assigned to Si …

Crystal Structure, Magnetism And Magnetocaloric Properties Of Mn2−XSn0.5Ga0.5 (X=0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.8) Alloys, H. Qian, Rabindra Pahari, K. Schroeder, Shah R. Valloppilly, Y. Huh, Pavel V. Lukashev, J. Hu, Parashu Kharel, David J. Sellmyer

Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience: Faculty Publications

Magnetic refrigeration based on the magnetocaloric effect has attracted recent attention due to advantages such as high efficiency and environmental friendliness. We have investigated the structural, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of Mn_2−xSn_0.5Ga_0.5 (x=0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.8) alloys prepared using arc-melting and meltspinning techniques with prospects for magnetic refrigeration. The Mn_2−xSn_0.5Ga_0.5 alloys, except for Mn_1.2Sn_0.5Ga_0.5, have a single-phase hexagonal crystal structure. The Mn_1.2Sn_0.5Ga_0.5 alloy also contains a small amount of MnSn₂ impurity phase. The Curie temperature and high-field (30 kOe) …

@Yourlocation: A Spatial Analysis Of Geotagged Tweets In The Us, Ocean Mckinney

CMC Senior Theses

This project examines the spatial network properties observable from geo-located tweet data. Conventional exploration examines characteristics of a variety of network attributes, but few employ spatial edge correlations in their analysis. Recent studies have demonstrated the improvements that these correlations contribute to drawing conclusions about network structure. This thesis expands upon social network research utilizing spatial edge correlations and presents processing and formatting techniques for JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) data.

Relationship Of Ndvi And Oak (Quercus)Pollen Including A Predictive Model In The Sw Mediterranean Region, Rocío González-Naharro, Elia Quirós, Santiago Fernández-Rodríguez, Inmaculada Silva-Palacios, J. M. Maya-Manzano, Rafael Tormo-Molina, Raúl Pecero-Casimiro, Alejandro Monroy-Colin, Ángela Gonzalo-Garijo

Articles

Techniques of remote sensing are being used to develop phenological studies. Our goal is to study the correlation among the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) related with oak trees included in three set data polygons (15, 25 and 50 km to aerobiological sampling point as NDVI-15, 25 and 50), and oak (Quercus) daily average pollen counts from 1994 to 2013. The study was developed in the SW Mediterranean region with continuous pollen recording within the mean pollen season of each studied year. These pollen concentrations were compared with NDVI values in the locations containing the vegetation under a study based …

Direct Polymer Grafting As A Method Of Maintaining The Mechanical Properties Of Cellulose Nanocrystals In The Presence Of Moisture, Mary Elizabeth Breen-Lyles

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are a distinctive nanomaterial derived from cellulose, the most abundant natural polymer on Earth, and the primary reinforcing structural component of cellulose fibrils found within the plant cell wall. These nanocrystals exhibit mechanical properties comparable to synthetic aramid fibers but are advantageous as they are biodegradable, renewable, and can be produced sustainably as they are predominantly extracted from naturally occurring cellulosic materials. These qualities make it a sustainable, highly renewable and environmentally friendly material to be used in place of synthetic materials in a variety of applications. With their high surface area to volume ratio, low level …

Searching For Clean Observables In $B -> D* /Tau- \Bar{\Nu}_{\Tau}$ Decays, Michael D. Williams Jr.

Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, the clean angular observables in the $\bar{B} \to D^{*+} \ell^- \bar{\nu}_{\ell}$ angular distribution is studied. Similar angular observables are widely studied in $B \to K^* \mu^+ \mu^-$ decays. We believed that these angular observables may have different sensitivities to different new physics structures.

Bayesian Model Comparisons In Planetary Science, John Henry Boisvert

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Model comparison in the modern era allows us to use statistical methods that were previously difficult with older machines. I present a state-of-the-art model comparison code that uses modern Bayesian statistics to measure the Bayes factor between two competing models. The Bayes factor is the ratio of the probability of the data given one model to the probability of the data given another model. My code was used to compare models in five problems in planetary science. The first three pertain to radial velocity exoplanet data. There is a degeneracy in the radial velocity exoplanet signal between a single planet …

Soret Effect On Transient Mhd Convective Flow Past A Semi-Infinite Vertical Porous Plate With Heat Sink And Chemical Reaction, K. Choudhury, N. Ahmed

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

This problem concerns with an analytical study of heat and mass transfer on unsteady MHD convective flow past a semi-infinite porous vertical plate in presence of thermal diffusion, heat sink and chemical reaction. A uniform magnetic field is imposed transversely to the plate. The governing equations are solved by perturbation technique. The expressions for the velocity, temperature and concentration fields as well as transport properties are obtained in non-dimensional form. The influence of the physical parameters like magnetic field parameter, Schmidt number, Prandtl number, heat sink parameter, chemical reaction parameter and Soret number on these fields is discussed through graphs …

Thermoelastic Stress Analysis Of A Functionally Graded Transversely Isotropic Hollow Cylinder In Elliptical Coordinates, Tara Dhakate, Vinod Varghese, Lalsingh Khalsa

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

This paper is concerned with the axisymmetric thermoelastic problem to investigate the influence of nonlinear heat conduction equation, displacement functions and thermal stresses of a functionally graded transversely isotropic hollow cylinder that is presented in the elliptical coordinate system. The method of integral transform technique is used to produce an exact solution of the heat conduction equation in which sources are generated according to a linear function of the temperature. An explicit exact solution of the governing thermoelastic equation is proposed when material properties are power-law functions with the exponential form of the radial coordinate. Numerical calculations are also carried …

Fractional Order Thermoelastic Thick Circular Plate With Two Temperatures In Frequency Domain, Parveen Lata

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The present investigation is concerned with thermomechanical interactions in the fractional theory of thermoelasticity for a homogeneous isotropic thick circular plate in the light of two-temperature thermoelasticity theory in frequency domain. The upper and lower surfaces of the thick plate are traction free and subjected to an axisymmetric heat supply. The solution is found by using Hankel transform technique and a direct approach without the use of potential functions. The analytical expressions of displacement components, stresses, conductive temperature, temperature change and cubic dilatation are computed in transformed domain. Numerical inversion technique has been applied to obtain the results in the …

The Circular Restricted Four-Body Problem With Triaxial Primaries And Variable Infinitesimal Mass, Abdullah A. Ansari

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

This paper investigates the circular restricted four-body problem in which three primaries are taken as triaxial rigid body which are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle and the fourth infinitesimal body is varying its mass with time. We used the Jeans law to determine equations of motion and then evaluated the Jacobi integral. In the next section, we have performed the computational work to draw the graphs of the equilibrium points in different planes, zero velocity curves, surfaces and the Newton-Raphson basins of attraction with the variations of the triaxiality parameters. Finally, we have examined the linear stability …

The Basins Of Convergence In The Planar Restricted Four-Body Problem With Variable Mass, Amit Mittal, Monika Arora, Md S. Suraj, Rajiv Aggarwal

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

We have studied the existence, location and stability of the libration points in the model of restricted four-body problem (R4BP) with variable mass. It is assumed that three primaries, one dominant primary and the other two with equal masses, are always forming an equilateral triangle. We have determined the equations of motion of the above mentioned problem for the fourth body which is an infinitesimal mass. The libration points have been determined numerically for different values of the parameters considered. It is found that there are eight or ten libration points out of which six are non-collinear and two or …

Linear Stability Analysis With Solution Patterns Due To Varying Thermal Diffusivity For A Convective Flow In A Porous Medium, Dambaru Bhatta

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

Here we investigate the effect of the vertical rate of change in thermal diffusivity due to a hydrothermal convective flow in a horizontal porous medium. The continuity equation, the heat equation and the momentum-Darcy equation constitute the governing system for the flow in a porous medium. Assuming a vertically varying basic state, we derive the linear system and from this linear system, we compute the critical Rayleigh and wave numbers. Using fourth-order Runge-Kutta and shooting methods, we obtain the marginal stability curves and linear solutions to analyze the solution pattern for different diffusivity parameters.

Predicted Deepwater Bathymetry From Satellite Altimetry: Non-Fourier Transform Alternatives, Maxsimo Salazar

Dissertations

Robert Parker (1972) demonstrated the effectiveness of Fourier Transforms (FT) to compute gravitational potential anomalies caused by uneven, non-uniform layers of material. This important calculation relates the gravitational potential anomaly to sea-floor topography. As outlined by Sandwell and Smith (1997), a six-step procedure, utilizing the FT, then demonstrated how satellite altimetry measurements of marine geoid height are inverted into seafloor topography. However, FTs are not local in space and produce Gibb’s phenomenon around discontinuities. Seafloor features exhibit spatial locality and features such as seamounts and ridges often have sharp inclines. Initial tests compared the windowed-FT to wavelets in reconstruction of …