Mercury Increases In Lake Tanganyika Since ~1850,
2017
The University of Akron
Mercury Increases In Lake Tanganyika Since ~1850, Troy A. Bole
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
A series of three sediment cores were collected in Lake Tanganyika, Africa, and were analyzed for mercury concentrations. For all three cores, a decrease in mercury (Hg) levels was observed from the 1600’s (appx. 20 ng/g) until concentrations reached a minimum during the mid-1800’s (appx. 10 ng/g). The mid-1800’s marked a change from decreasing mercury levels to an increase over the following century. The core tops (circa 2006) have concentrations greater than 70 ng/g. The onset of the rise in mercury concentrations coincides with the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in the mid to late 18th century. Relationships between …
Carbon Cycle Trends Recorded By Organic Carbon Stable Isotopes In Paleocene Strata, Benton County, Mississippi: Implications For Chronostratigraphy Of The Porters Creek And Naheola Formations,
2017
University of Mississippi
Carbon Cycle Trends Recorded By Organic Carbon Stable Isotopes In Paleocene Strata, Benton County, Mississippi: Implications For Chronostratigraphy Of The Porters Creek And Naheola Formations, Erica Gerweck
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The paleocene-eocene thermal maximum (petm) is one of the most studied carbon isotope excursions in earth's history. The petm occurred 55 million years ago when excess isotopically heavy carbon (c13) was added into earth's carbon cycle, resulting in ecological and environmental changes. The petm is marked by a negative stable carbon isotope excursion (cie) in marine and continental strata around the globe. The paleocene and eocene boundary is contained in the sedimentary fill of the Mississippi embayment so there is high potential to produce new petm stable isotope datasets. The purpose of this project is to analyze the boundary for …
Wellbore Stability Evaluation For Mishrif Formation,
2017
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Wellbore Stability Evaluation For Mishrif Formation, Ethar H.K. Alkamil, Husam R. Abbood, Ralph E. Flori, Andreas Eckert
Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
During drilling operations for the E oilfield in the Mishrif formation in southern Iraq, stuck pipe has been identified as a significant geomechanical problem for several wells. In this study, a 1-D mechanical earth model (MEM) of the Mishrif formation is compiled based on its state of stress and rock strength parameters and is utilized to assess the contribution of borehole collapse leading to the stuck pipe problems. The MEM model is based on the principal in situ stresses and their orientation obtained from wireline logs measurements, measuring while drilling (MWD), and leak off test (LOT). Rock strength properties are …
Great Plains Geology,
2017
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Great Plains Geology, Robert F. Diffendal Jr.
University of Nebraska Press: Sample Books and Chapters
Great Plains Geology concisely guides readers through the geological development of the Great Plains region. It describes the distinct features of fifty-seven geologic sites, including fascinating places such as Raton Pass in Colorado and New Mexico, the Missouri Breaks of Montana, and the Ashfall Fossil Beds in Nebraska. This guide addresses the tricky question of what constitutes the Great Plains, showing that the region is defined in part through its unique geologic features.
Drivers Of Sediment Accumulation And Nutrient Burial In Coastal South Carolina Residential Stormwater Detention Ponds,
2017
University of South Carolina
Drivers Of Sediment Accumulation And Nutrient Burial In Coastal South Carolina Residential Stormwater Detention Ponds, William Schroer
Theses and Dissertations
Stormwater detention ponds are widely utilized as control structures to manage runoff waters during storm events. These sediments also represent significant sites of organic carbon and nutrient burial. Here, carbon (C) and nutrient sources and burial rates were determined in 14 residential stormwater detention ponds throughout coastal counties of South Carolina. Bulk sediment accumulation was directly correlated with catchment impervious surface coverage (R2 = 0.90) with sediment accumulation rates ranging from 0.06 to 0.50 cm y-1. These rates of sediment accumulation and subsequent pond volume loss are lower than expected indicating that required maintenance dredging schedules be reassessed. Strong, positive …
Quantifying Ephemeral Gully Erosion With Photogrammetry Surveying,
2017
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Quantifying Ephemeral Gully Erosion With Photogrammetry Surveying, C. B. Weerasekara, A. Y. Shechukov
Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications
No abstract provided.
Flood Effects Provide Evidence Of An Alternate Stable State From Dam Management On The Upper Missouri River,
2017
U.S. Geological Survey
Flood Effects Provide Evidence Of An Alternate Stable State From Dam Management On The Upper Missouri River, K. Skalak, A. Benthem, C. Hupp, E. Schenk, J. Galloway, R. Nustad
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
We examine how historic flooding in 2011 affected the geomorphic adjustments created by dam regulation along the approximately 120 km free flowing reach of the Upper Missouri River bounded upstream by the Garrison Dam (1953) and downstream by Lake Oahe Reservoir (1959) near the City of Bismarck, ND, USA. The largest flood since dam regulation occurred in 2011. Flood releases from the Garrison Dam began in May 2011 and lasted until October, peaking with a flow of more than 4200m3 s-1. Channel cross-section data and aerial imagery before and after the flood were compared with historic rates …
Design Tradeoffs In Long-Term Research For
Stream Salamanders,
2017
USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center
Design Tradeoffs In Long-Term Research For Stream Salamanders, Adrianne B. Brand, Evan H. Campbell Grant
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Long-term research programs can benefit from early and periodic evaluation of their ability to meet stated objectives. In particular, consideration of the spatial allocation of effort is key. We sampled 4 species of stream salamanders intensively for 2 years (2010–2011) in the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park, Maryland, USA to evaluate alternative distributions of sampling locations within stream networks, and then evaluated via simulation the ability of multiple survey designs to detect declines in occupancy and to estimate dynamic parameters (colonization, extinction) over 5 years for 2 species. We expected that fine scale microhabitat variables (e.g., cobble, detritus) …
Linking Animals Aloft With The Terrestrial Landscape,
2017
University of Delaware, Newark
Linking Animals Aloft With The Terrestrial Landscape, Jeffrey J. Buler, Wylie C. Barrow Jr., Matthew E. Boone, Deanna K. Dawson, Robert H. Diehl, Frank R. Moore, Lori A. Randall, Timothy D. Schreckengost, Jaclyn A. Smolinsky
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Despite using the aerosphere for many facets of their life, most flying animals (i.e., birds, bats, some insects) are still bound to terrestrial habitats for resting, feeding, and reproduction. Comprehensive broad-scale observations by weather surveillance radars of animals as they leave terrestrial habitats for migration or feeding flights can be used to map their terrestrial distributions either as point locations (e.g., communal roosts) or as continuous surface layers (e.g., animal densities in habitats across a landscape). We discuss some of the technical challenges to reducing measurement biases related to how radars sample the aerosphere and the flight behavior of animals. …
Extending The Habitat Concept To The Airspace,
2017
Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
Extending The Habitat Concept To The Airspace, Robert H. Diehl, Anna C. Peterson, Rachel T. Bolus, Douglas Johnson
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Habitat is one of the most familiar and fundamental concepts in the fields of ecology, animal behavior, and wildlife conservation and management. Humans interact with habitats through their senses and experiences and education to such a degree that their perceptions of habitat have become second nature. For this reason, it may be difficult at first to accept the airspace as habitat, an area that is invisible, untouchable, highly dynamic, and its occupants difficult to see. Nonetheless, the habitat concept, by definition and in practice, applies readily to the airspace. Some ecological and behavioral processes including habitat selection, foraging, and reproduction …
Linking Animals Aloft With The Terrestrial Landscape,
2017
University of Delaware, Newark
Linking Animals Aloft With The Terrestrial Landscape, Jeffrey J. Buler, Wylie C. Barrow Jr., Matthew E. Boone, Deanna K. Dawson, Robert H. Diehl, Frank R. Moore, Lori A. Randall, Timothy D. Schreckengost, Jaclyn A. Smolinsky
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Despite using the aerosphere for many facets of their life, most flying animals (i.e., birds, bats, some insects) are still bound to terrestrial habitats for resting, feeding, and reproduction. Comprehensive broad-scale observations by weather surveillance radars of animals as they leave terrestrial habitats for migration or feeding flights can be used to map their terrestrial distributions either as point locations (e.g., communal roosts) or as continuous surface layers (e.g., animal densities in habitats across a landscape). We discuss some of the technical challenges to reducing measurement biases related to how radars sample the aerosphere and the flight behavior of animals. …
Extending The Habitat Concept To The Airspace,
2017
Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center
Extending The Habitat Concept To The Airspace, Robert H. Diehl, Anna C. Peterson, Rachel T. Bolus, Douglas Johnson
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Habitat is one of the most familiar and fundamental concepts in the fields of ecology, animal behavior, and wildlife conservation and management. Humans interact with habitats through their senses and experiences and education to such a degree that their perceptions of habitat have become second nature. For this reason, it may be difficult at first to accept the airspace as habitat, an area that is invisible, untouchable, highly dynamic, and its occupants difficult to see. Nonetheless, the habitat concept, by definition and in practice, applies readily to the airspace. Some ecological and behavioral processes including habitat selection, foraging, and reproduction …
High Resolution Gravity, Helicopter Magnetic, And Electromagnetic Study, Haile Gold Mine, South Carolina,
2017
University of South Carolina
High Resolution Gravity, Helicopter Magnetic, And Electromagnetic Study, Haile Gold Mine, South Carolina, Saad Saud Alarifi
Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this research was to calibrate and test geophysical methods for the detection of disseminated sulfides in the area of the Haile Gold Mine, South Carolina. The work focused on the calibration of high resolution gravity, and helicopter electromagnetic (EM) and magnetic data provided by OceanaGold. While high resolution potential field data (gravity and magnetics) has not been proven to be effective at small scales in exploration for disseminated sulfides, there is a strong regional correlation between high amplitude gravity and magnetic anomalies and the most productive gold mines in the Carolina terrane. Helicopter EM methods have been …
The Summerville Formation: Evidence For A Sub-Horizontal Stratigraphic Sequence Below The Post-Rift Unconformity In The Middleton Place Summerville Seismic Zone,
2017
University of South Carolina
The Summerville Formation: Evidence For A Sub-Horizontal Stratigraphic Sequence Below The Post-Rift Unconformity In The Middleton Place Summerville Seismic Zone, Joseph Edward Getz
Theses and Dissertations
The Middleton Place Summerville Seismic Zone (MPSSZ) near Summerville, South Carolina was the site of renewed extensive investigation, beginning in the 1970’s, for the source of the 1886 Charleston earthquake. Reactivation of faults associated with a putative fault-bounded Triassic rift basin through analysis of seismic reflection, seismic refraction, and well data has since become the favored interpretation for the source of MPSSZ seismicity. Critical to this interpretation is the association of continental redbed sedimentary rocks in Triassic basins throughout the North American Atlantic margin. Reanalysis of 18 seismic reflection profiles and 25 seismic refraction profiles within the MPSSZ suggests that …
Utilizing Structure-From-Motion Photogrammetry And Unmanned Aerial Vehicles To Characterize Variability In Fluvial Deposits From The Salt Wash Member Of The Morrison Formation, East-Central Utah,
2017
University of South Carolina
Utilizing Structure-From-Motion Photogrammetry And Unmanned Aerial Vehicles To Characterize Variability In Fluvial Deposits From The Salt Wash Member Of The Morrison Formation, East-Central Utah, John Chesley
Theses and Dissertations
Modern fluvial systems are highly variable, often containing the entire spectrum of fluvial styles (e.g., braided to meandering). This variability is difficult to capture in ancient fluvial deposits due to limited 1- and 2-dimesional exposures, which provide only a snapshot of the depositional history at one location. As a result, researchers are forced to interpolate between exposures and develop regional scale models that often underestimate the complexity and variability seen in modern environments. Outcrops of the Upper Jurassic Salt Wash Member of the Morrison Formation in east-central Utah, USA provide a relatively unique opportunity to examine ancient fluvial sandstone bodies …
Serpentinization And Synthesis: Searching For Abiotic And Biotic Non-Volatile Organic Molecules In The Subsurface Of The Atlantis Massif,
2017
University of South Carolina
Serpentinization And Synthesis: Searching For Abiotic And Biotic Non-Volatile Organic Molecules In The Subsurface Of The Atlantis Massif, Katherine A. Hickok
Theses and Dissertations
High concentrations of hydrogen created during serpentinization can promote the formation of abiotic organic carbon molecules such as methane, formate, and short chain hydrocarbons and, in laboratory experiments, larger molecules containing up to 32 carbon atoms. Subsurface archaeal and bacterial communities can use these reduced compounds for metabolic energy. International Ocean Discovery Project Expedition 357 drilled 17 boreholes into the Atlantis Massif with the goals of investigating carbon cycling and the presence of life in a zone of active serpentinization. The expedition recovered multiple lithologies including gabbros, basalts, carbonate sands, and serpentinites. A subset of contrasting lithologies were analyzed for …
Carbon Sources To Microbes And Cryoconite On Alaskan Alpine Glacier Surfaces,
2017
University of South Carolina
Carbon Sources To Microbes And Cryoconite On Alaskan Alpine Glacier Surfaces, Drake Mccrimmon
Theses and Dissertations
Cryoconite are depressions in the ice surface filled with diverse microorganisms and dark debris, which are reducing albedo and increasing glacier melt. In order to understand cryoconite carbon composition and carbon sources to microorganisms living on glacier surfaces, bulk organic carbon and microbial lipids from supraglacial cryoconite sediment within the ablation zones of Spencer, Matanuska, and Mendenhall glaciers in southern Alaska have been coupled with radiocarbon (14C) analyses. The microbial lipids analyzed in these studies, phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA), are components of microbial membranes, quickly degrade after cell death, and give a snapshot of the viable microbial community. PLFA structure …
Glacial To Holocene Changes In Eastern Equatorial Pacific Deep-Water Chemistry And Circulation,
2017
University of South Carolina
Glacial To Holocene Changes In Eastern Equatorial Pacific Deep-Water Chemistry And Circulation, Natalie E. Umling
Theses and Dissertations
It has been hypothesized that the oceans store CO2 during glacial periods and then release it to the atmosphere, causing the onset of warm interglacial periods (Sigman and Boyle, 2000). Documenting this past transfer of CO2 between the oceans and atmosphere is of utmost importance for better understanding the impact that anthropogenic CO2 has and will have on Earth’s climate. The last deglaciation is a good analogue to modern increases in CO2 and temperature and is recent enough to be studied using radiocarbon. This period provides important insights into the nature of climate changes during the transition from glacial to …
Tectonic Studies Of Southeastern North America: The Suwannee Basin, Brunswick Suture Zone, Osceola Arc, And Pangean Transcurrent Fault System,
2017
University of South Carolina
Tectonic Studies Of Southeastern North America: The Suwannee Basin, Brunswick Suture Zone, Osceola Arc, And Pangean Transcurrent Fault System, Susannah Katherine Boote
Theses and Dissertations
A series of exotic terranes with complex tectonostratigraphic relationships construct the North American margin and record information critical to understanding the evolution of the Appalachian orogen. The Coastal Plain cover remains a challenge in this region; however, synthesis of seismic reflection, seismic refraction, well, and aeromagnetic data allows for a substantially revised interpretation of the basement rocks and structures that comprise the pre-Mesozoic crust of southeastern North America. These data reveal: (1) a Neoproterozoic subduction zone and paired continental-margin arc are preserved in Gondwanan crust in southeastern North America, (2) the Gondwanan Suwannee Basin of Early to Mid-Paleozoic age is …
Mechanisms Of Shear Zone Localization And Raman Thermobarometry In Spinel Peridotites From The Alpine Fault, New Zealand,
2017
CUNY City College
Mechanisms Of Shear Zone Localization And Raman Thermobarometry In Spinel Peridotites From The Alpine Fault, New Zealand, Emily J. Lubicich
Dissertations and Theses
A suite of xenoliths from two localities on South Island, New Zealand, exhibit rare microstructures and provide information on deformation during the early stages of development of the Alpine Fault. The first set of samples has evidence of dislocation creep with subgrains, recrystallized grains, undulose extinction and a lattice preferred orientation. These samples also show evidence of post deformation static grain growth with polygonal grains, 120° triple junctions, and euhedral grains within larger grains of the same phase. Samples from the second locality also show evidence of dislocation creep but with minimal static grain growth. This set also has a …
