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Towards Semiconductor Nanorods With Nickel/Iron Cocatalyst., Kehinde Ayorinde 2022 Western Kentucky University

Towards Semiconductor Nanorods With Nickel/Iron Cocatalyst., Kehinde Ayorinde

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The adverse effects associated with the utilization of fossil fuels has led to the need to provide an alternative cleaner energy. Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction via water splitting provides a renewable pathway to generating energy. Our photocatalyst system includes a semiconductor component (CdSe/CdS core/shell nanorods) to capture light and an attached metal (cocatalyst) for the hydrogen evolution reaction. Platinum is an effective metal catalyst for this reaction due to strong proton binding energy that easily facilitates the reduction of water to produce hydrogen gas. However, due to the high cost of platinum, there is a need to find a less …


Block Copolymer Directed Self-Assembly: Exploring The Efficacy Of Applications In Semiconductor Fabrication, Jakin Bryce Delony 2022 University of South Florida

Block Copolymer Directed Self-Assembly: Exploring The Efficacy Of Applications In Semiconductor Fabrication, Jakin Bryce Delony

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Over the course of the past 80 years, semiconductor devices have become increasingly ubiquitous in everyday life.From constructing mainframes that encompassed entire rooms during the 1940s, to inventing personal computers in the 1980s, to developing progressively faster smartphones and wearable technology in the 2010s, the primary driving force behind the Digital Revolution has been increasing transistor counts, and thus computing power, via incremental improvements in optical lithography. In 1965, Intel co-founder Gordon Moore boldly predicted that the transistor density of semiconductor devices would double approximately every 18-24 months. While this prediction -- now colloquially referred to as Moore's Law -- …


1st Place Contest Entry: Designing Hollow Nanogels For Drug Delivery Applications, Mo Hijazi 2022 Chapman University

1st Place Contest Entry: Designing Hollow Nanogels For Drug Delivery Applications, Mo Hijazi

Kevin and Tam Ross Undergraduate Research Prize

This is Mo Hijazi's submission for the 2022 Kevin and Tam Ross Undergraduate Research Prize, which won first place. It contains their essay on using library resources, their bibliography, and a summary of their research project on hollow-core nanogels.

Mo is a second-year student at Chapman University, majoring in Biological Sciences. Their faculty mentor is Dr. Molla Islam.


Application Of Gellan Gum Biopolymer In Biomedical Applications: A Review, Norsyakirah Izzati Hishamuddin, Mohd Hasmizam Razali, Khairul Anuar Mat Amin 2022 Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia

Application Of Gellan Gum Biopolymer In Biomedical Applications: A Review, Norsyakirah Izzati Hishamuddin, Mohd Hasmizam Razali, Khairul Anuar Mat Amin

Makara Journal of Science

Gellan gum (GG) has gained considerable attention in the food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries due to its functional characteristics. It has versatile properties, such as water solubility, easy bio-fabrication, good film/hydrogel-formation, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. These properties render GG a promising material in biomedical applications, specifically in the development of wound dressing materials. In this review, the use of GG biopolymer as a wound dressing material was discussed. Various fillers, such as titanium dioxides, clay, drug, and honey, have been incorporated in GG to produce film, hydrogel, or scaffold materials. The effects of filler on the mechanical performance, physical properties, antibacterial …


Synthesis Of Thiol-Acrylate Hydrogels For 3d Cell Culture And Microfluidic Applications, Anowar Hossain Khan 2022 Louisiana State University at Baton Rouge

Synthesis Of Thiol-Acrylate Hydrogels For 3d Cell Culture And Microfluidic Applications, Anowar Hossain Khan

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Globally cell culture is an $18.98 billion industry as of 2020, with an 11.6 percent annual growth rate. Drug discovery has an estimated worth of $69.8 billion in 2020 and is predicted to grow to $110.4 billion by 2025. Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture of cancer cells is one of the rapidly growing felids since it better recapitulates in vivo conditions compared to two-dimensional (2D) models. However, it is challenging to grow 3D tumor spheroids outside the body, and some of the existing technology can generate these spheroids outside the human body but poorly mimic in vivo tumor models. Therefore, there …


Functionalized 𝜹-Hexalactones (Fdhls): Bio-Derivable Monomers To Synthesize Renewable Polyester Thermoplastics, Atik Faysal 2022 University of Maine

Functionalized 𝜹-Hexalactones (Fdhls): Bio-Derivable Monomers To Synthesize Renewable Polyester Thermoplastics, Atik Faysal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Most thermoplastics are made from limited fossil-fuel sources and these plastics have very deleterious impacts on the environment. Finding a renewable source to synthesize new thermoplastic polymers with tunable properties like biodegradability, heat resistance, and moisture resistance are ongoing research interests. Lignocellulosic biomass is a promising renewable feedstock for biobased monomers and polymers production. In this work, functionalized 𝛿-hexalactone (FDHL) monomers are hypothesized to be synthesizable from lignocellulosic sourced hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) and lignin-derived pendant groups, generating a variety of aliphatic polyesters and potentially overcome current polymer challenges. Achieving a higher glass transition temperature (Tg) is one of …


Developing Injectable And Implantable Polymer Zwitterion Platforms For Glioblastoma Treatment, Sarah Ward 2022 University of Massachusetts Amherst

Developing Injectable And Implantable Polymer Zwitterion Platforms For Glioblastoma Treatment, Sarah Ward

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation describes the synthesis, characterization, and application of novel polymer zwitterion-drug conjugates intended for treating glioblastoma, with a particular focus on phosphorylcholine (PC) and temozolomide (TMZ). Using versatile TMZ-containing monomers, injectable polymer prodrugs and implantable polymeric hydrogels were prepared over a broad range of drug incorporations with tunable properties, making them ideally suited for further in vivo and clinical evaluations. The work presented here greatly expands the knowledge base of TMZ formulations and gives rise to several routes which circumvent the challenges associated with its use. Chapter 2 describes the incorporation of a novel TMZ-methacrylate monomer into random and …


Synthesis, Fabrication, And Assembly Of Mesoscale Polymer Filaments, Dylan M. Barber 2022 University of Massachusetts Amherst

Synthesis, Fabrication, And Assembly Of Mesoscale Polymer Filaments, Dylan M. Barber

Doctoral Dissertations

Mesoscale materials, with feature sizes in the range of one hundred nanometers to tens of micrometers, are ubiquitous in Nature. In organisms, mesoscale building blocks connect the properties of underlying molecular and nanoscructures to those of macroscale, organism-scale materials through hierarchical assemblies of recurring structural motifs. The collective action of large numbers of mesoscale features can afford stunning features like the structural color of the morpho butterfly wing, calcium ion-mediated movement in muscle, and wood structures like xylem that can support enormous external compressive loads and negative internal pressure to transport nutrients throughout an organism. In synthetic systems, the design, …


Kinetics, Characterization, And Applications In The Development Of Next-Generation Cure-On-Demand Polymeric Materials Through Frontal Polymerization, Daniel Paul Gary 2022 Louisiana State University

Kinetics, Characterization, And Applications In The Development Of Next-Generation Cure-On-Demand Polymeric Materials Through Frontal Polymerization, Daniel Paul Gary

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Frontal polymerization (FP) is a process in which a front propagates in a localized reaction zone converting monomer into polymer. This work explored the kinetics and applications of FP for the development of cure-on-demand materials.

The kinetic effects of fillers on frontal polymerization have not been thoroughly explored. In Chapter 2, various fillers were used, and their effects on front velocity and front temperature were determined. Clay minerals are primarily used, but the thermal conductive effects of milled carbon fiber were also explored. It was found that some fillers inhibit frontal polymerization through radical scavenging, while others increased the front …


4,6-O-Phenylethylidene Acetal Protected D-Glucosamine Carbamate-Based Gelators And Their Applications For Multi-Component Gels, Pooja Sharma, Guijun Wang 2022 Old Dominion University

4,6-O-Phenylethylidene Acetal Protected D-Glucosamine Carbamate-Based Gelators And Their Applications For Multi-Component Gels, Pooja Sharma, Guijun Wang

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The self-assembly of carbohydrate-based low molecular weight gelators has led to useful advanced soft materials. The interactions of the gelators with various cations and anions are important in creating novel molecular architectures and expanding the scope of the small molecular gelators. In this study, a series of thirteen new C-2 carbamates of the 4,6-O-phenylethylidene acetalprotected D-glucosamine derivatives has been synthesized and characterized. These compounds are rationally designed from a common sugar template. All carbamates synthesized were found to be efficient gelators and three compounds are also hydrogelators. The resulting gels were characterized using optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, …


Designing Nonflammable Polymers And Blends Containing Deoxybenzoin Derivatives, Elizabeth Stubbs 2022 University of Massachusetts Amherst

Designing Nonflammable Polymers And Blends Containing Deoxybenzoin Derivatives, Elizabeth Stubbs

Doctoral Dissertations

The importance of synthetic polymers in everyday life continues to grow, owing to their societal importance for improving our standard-of-living and enabling advances spanning medicine, electronics, construction materials, transportation. While niche applications occupy a small fraction of the overall volume of polymers produced, large scale applications tend to employ lower cost materials, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene. In addition to environmental considerations connected to these polymerized hydrocarbons, produced in excess of 380 million tons per year worldwide, their inherent flammability creates additional requirements associated with their manufacturing and use. Societal benefits of such polymers are extensive, and thus, there …


Source Data For Self-Spinning Filaments For Autonomously Linked Microfibers, Dylan M. Barber, Todd S. Emrick, Gregory Grason, Alfred Crosby 2022 University of Massachusetts Amherst

Source Data For Self-Spinning Filaments For Autonomously Linked Microfibers, Dylan M. Barber, Todd S. Emrick, Gregory Grason, Alfred Crosby

Data and Datasets

Filamentous bundles are ubiquitous in Nature, achieving highly adaptive functions and structural integrity from assembly of diverse mesoscale supramolecular elements. Engineering routes to synthetic, topologically integrated analogs demands precisely coordinated control of multiple filaments’ shapes and positions, a major challenge when performed without complex machinery or labor-intensive processing. Here, we demonstrate a photocreasing design that encodes local curvature and twist into mesoscale polymer filaments, enabling their programmed transformation into target 3-dimensional geometries. Importantly, patterned photocreasing of filament arrays drives autonomous spinning to form linked filament bundles that are highly entangled and structurally robust. In individual filaments, photocreases unlock paths 16 …


Directly Polymerizable Co Releasing Molecules, Jackson Snow 2022 University of Denver

Directly Polymerizable Co Releasing Molecules, Jackson Snow

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Despite the commonly held consensus that carbon monoxide (CO) is toxic, it has been shown to be an essential signaling molecule in the human neuronal system and has been noted to have anti-inflammatory properties, act as a vasodilator, have anti-proliferative impacts on tumors, and many other beneficial effects. The current limitation to using CO as a therapeutic molecule is delivering the proper dosages using CO releasing molecules (CORMs) without exhibiting toxicity. The first chapter of this thesis will review the biological significance of CO in biological systems, the limitations of existing CORMs, and the properties of diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) that make …


Synthesis Of Functional Chalcone Library For Use In Aza- Dipyrromethene Dye Systems, Kendal Crawley 2022 Murray State University

Synthesis Of Functional Chalcone Library For Use In Aza- Dipyrromethene Dye Systems, Kendal Crawley

Murray State Theses and Dissertations

Over the past decade, Aza-Bodipy dyes (ADPs), a derivative of the extensively studied BF2-dipyrromethene (BODIPY), have become a growing field of research due to their unique photophysical properties, high yielding synthesis, and relative stability. They possess a unique spectral window of 600 to 750 nm which is the red to near-IR region, evidenced by the blue color of many of these dyes. Increasing interest in these dyes is due to this near-IR window which is important for many applications.1-4 ADP chromophores also have a common core motif to that of phthalocyanines which allow for coordination at their …


การพัฒนาซอฟต์เซ็นเซอร์สำหรับการทำนายพารามิเตอร์ของการดูดซับคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์โดยใช้โครงข่ายประสาทเทียม, พงศ์พล ธวัชบัณฑิต 2022 คณะวิทยาศาสตร์

การพัฒนาซอฟต์เซ็นเซอร์สำหรับการทำนายพารามิเตอร์ของการดูดซับคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์โดยใช้โครงข่ายประสาทเทียม, พงศ์พล ธวัชบัณฑิต

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การดูดซับคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ในระดับโรงงานอุตสาหกรรมนั้นเป็นกระบวนการที่สำคัญในการลดปริมาณคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ที่เป็นแก๊สเรือนกระจกในแก๊สไอเสียก่อนส่งออกสู่ชั้นบรรยากาศ ซึ่งการรู้ปริมาณคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ที่ถูกดูดซับและเวลาที่การดูดซับเข้าสู่สมดุลจึงเป็นประโยชน์ในการวางแผนการดำเนินงานในอุตสาหกรรม ดังนั้นในงานวิจัยนี้ ศึกษาและพัฒนาโครงข่ายประสาทเทียมสามารถทำนายพารามิเตอร์ของการดูดซับคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ โครงข่ายประสาทเทียมที่พัฒนาด้วยโครงสร้างที่มีจำนวนชั้นซ่อน 2 ชั้นซ่อน ในแต่ละชั้นซ่อนประกอบด้วย 10 เซลล์ประสาท และฟังก์ชันกระตุ้นในชั้นซ่อนและชั้นส่งออกคือฟังก์ชันแทนซิกมอยด์มีประสิทธิภาพสูงที่สุด จากนั้นนำโครงข่ายประสาทเทียมที่มีโครงสร้างดังกล่าวไปใช้ในการศึกษาผลของสมการทางจลนศาสตร์และนำตัวแปรส่งออกไปแทนค่าในสมการทางจลนศาสตร์เพื่อสร้างเส้นโค้งของดูดซับคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ เส้นโค้งที่สร้างจากสมการของปฏิกิริยาอันดับหนึ่งเทียมมีค่าเฉลี่ยของค่า R-square สูงสุดคือ 0.8731 และค่าเฉลี่ยของค่า RMSE ต่ำที่สุดคือ 0.2358 จากนั้นนำโครงข่ายประสาทเทียมไปพัฒนาซอฟต์เซ็นเซอร์โดยเริ่มจากการแปลงโครงข่ายประสาทเทียมให้เป็นโปรแกรมที่เป็นภาษาไพทอน และนำโปรแกรมนี้ไปใส่ใน Raspberry pi 4 model b ตัวแปรนำเข้าทั้งหมดจะถูกคำนวณผ่านโครงข่ายประสาทเทียมที่ได้แปลงเป็นภาษาไพทอนแล้ว และส่งค่าตัวแปรส่งออกไปแสดงค่าผ่านแพลตฟอร์ม Grafana ซึ่งเป็นแพลตฟอร์มที่สะดวกและรวดเร็ว และสามารถรายงานค่าในเวลาจริงได้


การเสื่อมสภาพของน้ำมันหม้อแปลงชีวภาพฐานปาล์มและกระดาษฉนวนภายใต้การบ่มเร่งเชิงความร้อน, พรพงษ์ ศิริรัตน์สกุล 2022 คณะวิทยาศาสตร์

การเสื่อมสภาพของน้ำมันหม้อแปลงชีวภาพฐานปาล์มและกระดาษฉนวนภายใต้การบ่มเร่งเชิงความร้อน, พรพงษ์ ศิริรัตน์สกุล

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ในปัจจุบันจึงมีความพยายามในการพัฒนาน้ำมันพืชที่สามารถย่อยสลายได้ตามธรรมชาติ และเป็นมิตรกับสิ่งแวดล้อมนำมาทดแทนการใช้น้ำมันแร่ โดยน้ำมันชีวภาพฐานปาล์ม (EnPAT) เป็นหนึ่งในน้ำมันพืชทางเลือกที่ถูกพัฒนาเพื่อนำไปของเหลวฉนวนสำหรับหม้อแปลงไฟฟ้า อย่างไรก็ตามในระหว่างหม้อแปลงไฟฟ้าทำงานจะเกิดความร้อนขึ้น ซึ่งส่งผลกระทบทำให้ของเหลวฉนวน และกระดาษฉนวนที่อยู่ภายในเกิดการเสื่อมสภาพ ดังนั้นงานวิจัยนี้จึงมุ่งเน้นศึกษาลักษณะการเสื่อมสภาพของน้ำมันชีวภาพฐานปาล์มที่มีกระดาษฉนวนจุ่มแช่ พร้อมทั้งเปรียบเทียบกับน้ำมันแร่และเอสเตอร์ธรรมชาติเชิงการค้า (FR3) ด้วยการบ่มเร่งเชิงความร้อนที่อุณหภูมิ 110, 130 และ 150 ˚ซ เป็นระยะเวลาต่างๆ ในระบบปิด ซึ่งภายหลังจากการบ่มเร่งภายใต้บรรยากาศไนโตรเจน EnPAT เกิดการเสื่อมสภาพขึ้น โดยปริมาณความชื้น และค่าความเป็นกรดแสดงแนวโน้มเพิ่มขึ้นเช่นเดียวกับ FR3 แต่จะมีค่ามากกว่าน้ำมันแร่ ขณะที่ปริมาณสารที่เกิดจากการเสื่อมสภาพละลายในน้ำมันฉนวนมีการเพิ่มขึ้นน้อยที่สุด และค่าความคงทนต่อแรงดันไฟฟ้ายังคงมีค่ามากกว่าน้ำมันแร่ แม้ว่าจะมีค่าแฟกเตอร์กำลังสูญเสียไดอิเล็กทริกและค่าสภาพความต้านทานทางไฟฟ้าน้อยกว่าน้ำมันแร่ อย่างไรก็ตามการบ่มเร่งที่อุณหภูมิ 150 ˚ซ นาน 2,880 และ 4,008 ชม. กระดาษฉนวนที่จุ่มแช่ในน้ำมันชีวภาพฐานปาล์มมีค่าความคงทนต่อแรงดึงคงเหลือมากกว่ากระดาษฉนวนที่จุ่มแช่ในน้ำมันแร่อย่างชัดเจน นอกจากนี้ยังพบว่าหลังจากผ่านการบ่มเร่งที่อุณหภูมิ 150 ˚ซ นาน 720 ชม. ภายใต้บรรยากาศออกซิเจน น้ำมันทุกชนิดเกิดการเสื่อมสภาพอย่างรุนแรง อย่างไรก็ตาม EnPAT ยังคงมีค่าความคงทนต่อแรงดันไฟฟ้ามากที่สุด ดังนั้นน้ำมันชีวภาพฐานปาล์มจึงเป็นทางเลือกใหม่ สำหรับนำมาใช้เป็นของเหลวฉนวนภายในหม้อแปลงไฟฟ้า


Valorization Of Furfural To Fuel Additives By Aluminophosphate And Metal-Organic Framework Catalysts, Janejira Ratthiwal 2022 Faculty of Sciences

Valorization Of Furfural To Fuel Additives By Aluminophosphate And Metal-Organic Framework Catalysts, Janejira Ratthiwal

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

In this research, aluminophosphate (APAl) catalysts and metal oxide catalysts from calcined metal-organic frameworks (C-MOFs) were successfully synthesized. APAl-A catalysts were obtained from the FQM-383 laboratory group of Prof. Dr. Rafael Luque. The catalysts were named APAl-X/Y-A-Z which X/Y was the ratio of P/Al ratio and Z was the calcination temperature. Both factors were varied to study their effects on the catalyst properties of surface area and active acid sites on catalyst surface. The MOFs (MIL-101(Fe) and MIL-125(Ti)) were prepared by the solvothermal method. The calcination of MOFs (C-MIL-101(Fe) and C-MIL-125(Ti)) provided metal oxide catalysts. The APAl catalysts and C-MOFs …


Application Of Core Annular Flow For Oil Transportation In Different Pipe Configurations Using Computational Fluid Dynamics, Cindy Dianita 2022 Faculty of Sciences

Application Of Core Annular Flow For Oil Transportation In Different Pipe Configurations Using Computational Fluid Dynamics, Cindy Dianita

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The application of Core Annular Flow (CAF) has become an interesting solution in transporting heavy oil through pipeline because of its energy reduction and cost efficiency. Current study conducted a 3D computational fluid dynamic (CFD) to simulate CAF of oil-water in horizontal T- and Y-pipe junctions with two types of oil characteristic i.e., oil as Newtonian fluid and oil as non-Newtonian Carreau Fluid. The 2k factorial statistical experimental design was applied to investigate the effect of geometry on the flow performance. Eight cases were run with different diameter combinations and junction angle. The most attractive design was measured by the …


Improving Chromatographic Analysis Of Phenolic Compounds, Tarika Lomcharoenwong 2022 Faculty of Sciences

Improving Chromatographic Analysis Of Phenolic Compounds, Tarika Lomcharoenwong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Phenolic compounds are important chemicals and are applied in many fields. Moreover, they are found as contaminants in the environment. This research aimed to improve the chromatographic analysis of phenolic compounds and was divided into two parts. The first part focused on improving the separation of a mixture containing eighteen phenols using gas chromatography with derivatized cyclodextrin stationary phases. Results showed that all three cyclodextrin-based stationary phases, with different ring sizes, improved the separation of the mixture in comparison to polysiloxane OV-1701 stationary phase. The best separation was obtained from the small-size alpha-cyclodextrin with a capillary column of 15-meter long …


Selective Conversion Of Cellulose Into 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Over Modified Zeolite Catalysts In A Biphasic Solvent System, Oluwaseyi Ojelabi 2022 Faculty of Sciences

Selective Conversion Of Cellulose Into 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Over Modified Zeolite Catalysts In A Biphasic Solvent System, Oluwaseyi Ojelabi

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Lignocellulosic biomass mainly composed of cellulose which can be transformed through various thermochemical processes such as catalytic depolymerization, acid-catalyzed dehydration, pyrolysis, gasification, etc., into high-value chemicals for sustainable development and bio-based economy. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is one of the potential platform bio-chemicals that can be obtained directly from lignocellulosic biomass via catalytic depolymerization and/or acid-catalyzed dehydration using a bifunctional catalyst for the manufacture of various renewable products. Protonic zeolites are bifunctional solid acid catalysts and are well known for their remarkable properties. Their large surface area could enable molecules to diffuse in and out of their pore systems. Moreso, their acidic …


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