The Application Of Biological Processes To Increase Energy Potential In Landfills,
2022
Taylor University
The Application Of Biological Processes To Increase Energy Potential In Landfills, Ashlyn Eisenhart
Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects
There has been a dramatic increase in the amount of waste that we humans have created. This has been due to population growth, an increase in industrial manufacturing, along with urbanization and modernization.8 The number of tons of municipal solid waste entering landfills has increased from 82.5 million tons in 1960 to 146.1 million tons in 2018.17 However, thanks to recycling, composting, and energy recovery from combustion, the percentage of solid waste going to landfills has dramatically decreased, from around 93.6 to about 65.4 percent.17
Chemistry Of Toothpaste,
2022
Taylor University
Chemistry Of Toothpaste, Kayla Blanche Kirtley
Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects
The chemistry of toothpaste is explained, with a description of the chemical components and their mode of action in the role of toothpaste.
Unraveling Molecular Mechanisms Of Antibiotic Resistance Through Multiscale Simulations And Explainable Machine Learning,
2022
Southern Methodist University
Unraveling Molecular Mechanisms Of Antibiotic Resistance Through Multiscale Simulations And Explainable Machine Learning, Zilin Song
Chemistry Theses and Dissertations
Pathogen resistance to β-lactam antibiotics compromises effective treatments of superbug infections. One major source of β-lactam resistance is the bacterial production of β-lactamases, which could effectively hydrolyze β-lactam drugs. In this thesis, the hydrolysis of various β-lactam antibiotics by class A serine-based β-lactamases (ASβLs) were investigated using hybrid Quantum Mechanical / Molecular Mechanical (QM/MM) minimum energy pathway (MEP) calculations and explainable machine learning (ML) approaches. The TEM-1/benzylpenicillin acylation reaction with QM/MM chain-of-states reaction pathways was firstly revisited. I proposed two decomposition methods for energy contribution analysis based on perturbing ML regression models. Both methods were shown to be model implementation …
In Situ Characterization Of Electrode Structure And Catalytic Processes In The Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Reaction,
2022
1. CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
In Situ Characterization Of Electrode Structure And Catalytic Processes In The Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Ya-Chen Feng, Xiang Wang, Yu-Qi Wang, Hui-Juan Yan, Dong Wang
Journal of Electrochemistry
As an electrochemical energy conversion system, fuel cell has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency and high cleanliness. Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), as an important cathode reaction in fuel cells, has received extensive attention. At present, the electrocatalysts are still one of the key materials restricting the further commercialization of fuel cells. The fundamental understanding on the catalytic mechanism of ORR is conducive to the development of electrocatalysts with the enhanced activity and high selectivity. This review aims to summarize the in situ characterization techniques used to study ORR. From this perspective, we first briefly introduce the advantages of …
Brain Electrochemistry,
2022
1. Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
Brain Electrochemistry, Cong Xu, Ying Jiang, Ping Yu, Lan-Qun Mao
Journal of Electrochemistry
Brain, as the source of neural activities such as perceptions and emotions, consists of the dynamic and complex networks of neurons that implement brain functions through electrical and chemical interactions. Therefore, analyzing and monitoring neurochemicals in living brain can greatly contribute to uncovering the molecular mechanism in both physiological and pathological processes, and to taking a further step in developing precise medical diagnosis and treatment against brain diseases. Through collaborations across disciplines, a handful of analytical tools have been proven to be befitting in neurochemical measurement, spanning the level of vesicles, cells, and living brains. Among these, electrochemical methods endowed …
In-Situ/Operando57Fe Mössbauer Spectroscopic Technique And Its Applications In Nife-Based Electrocatalysts For Oxygen Evolution Reaction,
2022
1. Center for Advanced Mössbauer Spectroscopy, Mössbauer Effect Data Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China;
In-Situ/Operando57Fe Mössbauer Spectroscopic Technique And Its Applications In Nife-Based Electrocatalysts For Oxygen Evolution Reaction, Jafar Hussain Shah, Qi-Xian Xie, Zhi-Chong Kuang, Ri-Le Ge, Wen-Hui Zhou, Duo-Rong Liu, Alexandre I. Rykov, Xu-Ning Li, Jing-Shan Luo, Jun-Hu Wang
Journal of Electrochemistry
The development of highly efficient and cost-effective electrocatalysts for the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) remains a significant barrier to establish effective utilization of renewable energy storage systems and water splitting to produce clean fuel. The current status of the research in developing OER catalysts shows that NiFe-based oxygen evolution catalysts (OECs) have been proven as excellent and remarkable candidates for this purpose. But it is critically important to understand the factors that influence their activity and underlying mechanism for the development of state-of-the-art OER catalysts. Therefore, the development of in-situ/operando characterizations is urgently required to detect key intermediates along …
Rational Design Of Electrochemical Molecular Probes For Highly Selective And Long-Term Measurement In Vivo,
2022
School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.;
Rational Design Of Electrochemical Molecular Probes For Highly Selective And Long-Term Measurement In Vivo, Yue Wang, Li-Min Zhang, Yang Tian
Journal of Electrochemistry
Designing electrochemical interfaces for in vivo analysis of neurochemicals with high selectivity and long-term stability is vital for monitoring dynamic variation and dissecting the complex mechanisms of pathogenesis in living animals. This review focuses on the development of electrochemical interfaces based on rational design of molecular probes for in vivo measurement with high selectivity and high stability from three aspects: (1) Specific recognition probes were rationally designed and created to remarkably improve the selectivity of in vivo analysis in a complicated brain environment. (2) The Au-C≡C functionalized surface was developed to remarkably enhance the stability of molecular assembly, and employed …
An Additive Incorporated Non-Nucleophilic Electrolyte For Stable Magnesium Ion Batteries,
2022
1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China;3. i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China;
An Additive Incorporated Non-Nucleophilic Electrolyte For Stable Magnesium Ion Batteries, Mao-Ling Xie, Jun Wang, Chen-Ji Hu, Lei Zheng, Hua-Bin Kong, Yan-Bin Shen, Hong-Wei Chen, Li-Wei Chen
Journal of Electrochemistry
Non-nucleophilic electrolytes are promising next-generation highly stable electrolytes for magnesium-ion batteries (MIBs). However, a passivation layer on Mg metal anode usually blocks Mg2+ diffusion, leading to poor reaction kinetics and low Coulombic efficiency of the Mg plating/stripping in these electrolytes. Here we explore the utilization of phenyl disulfide (PDF) as a film-forming additive for non-nucleophilic electrolytes to regulate the interfacial chemistry on Mg metal anode. Phenyl-thiolate generated from the PDF additive was found to suppress the unfavorable surface blocking layer, resulted in a high Coulombic efficiency of up to 99.5% for the Mg plating/stripping process as well as a …
Tracking Light-Induced Fragmentation Of Single Silver Nanoparticles By Single Entity Electrochemistry,
2022
State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, P. R. China;
Tracking Light-Induced Fragmentation Of Single Silver Nanoparticles By Single Entity Electrochemistry, Mengjie Chen, Si-Min Lu, Hao-Wei Wang, Yi-Tao Long
Journal of Electrochemistry
Light irradiation on silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) could cause the energy conversion, thus, the fragmentation of Ag NPs. It is important to detect the changes of fragmented Ag NPs in the aspects of physical and chemical properties. Herein, benefiting from the high sensitivity, high temporal resolution, and high-throughput, single entity electrochemistry (SEE) method is introduced to in-situ track the dynamic laser fragmentation of single Ag NP. Compared with UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), SEE methods enables an accurate in-situ measurements of light-induced fragmentation of single Ag NP. The variation in the statistic current amplitude displays the real-time …
Recent Advances In Electrical Transport Spectroscopy For The In Situ Measurement Of Electrochemical Interfaces,
2022
Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China;
Recent Advances In Electrical Transport Spectroscopy For The In Situ Measurement Of Electrochemical Interfaces, Zhang-Yan Mu, Meng-Ning Ding
Journal of Electrochemistry
Electrochemical/electrocatalytic technology has played a central role in achieving highly efficient energy conversion and storage. To date, the in-depth electrochemical research begins to require accurate and multi-dimensional information of electrochemical interfaces, which usually relies on the application of in situ characterizations. Electrical transport spectroscopy (ETS) is a newly developed measurement strategy based on chip-platform, and provides in situ information of electrochemical interfaces from a novel perspective due to a signal origin that is fundamentally different from typical spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. In this tutorial review, the working principle and experimental setup of ETS are described in detail with the demonstration …
Synchrotron X-Rays Characterizations Of Metal-Air Batteries,
2022
1. MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China;
Synchrotron X-Rays Characterizations Of Metal-Air Batteries, Ya-Jie Song, Xue Sun, Li-Ping Ren, Lei Zhao, Fan-Peng Kong, Jia-Jun Wang
Journal of Electrochemistry
The rapid development of electric vehicles urgently requires high-energy-density batteries. Recently, metal-air batteries have attracted much attention in industry and academia for their ultra-high theoretical energy densities. However, the practical application of metal-air batteries is severely impeded by multiple drawbacks, including severe side reactions, low energy efficiency, and limited cycle life. Understanding the reaction mechanism of the cell and further developing effective strategies are beneficial for the practical application of metal-air batteries. In the past decade, advanced characterization techniques have accelerated the development of metal-air batteries. In particular, synchrotron radiation-based characterization techniques have been widely applied to the mechanistic study …
The Effect Of Fluorinated Substitution Of Meso Phenyl Porphyrins On Porphyrin Basicity,
2022
Nova Southeastern University
The Effect Of Fluorinated Substitution Of Meso Phenyl Porphyrins On Porphyrin Basicity, Harsh Chheda, Rushi Patel, Maria Ballester Ph.D., Victor Castro Ph.D.
Chemistry and Physics Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures
The protonation of meso-Tetra(2,3,4-trifluoromethylphenyl) porphyrin (TF) and meso-Tetra(pentafluorophenyl) porphyrin (PF) will be studied through UV vis spectroscopy. Protonation is achieved by titration of each porphyrin in toluene with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). The presence of a wavelength shift from the free base Soret to the protonated Soret will indicate the formation of a dication. The data from the UV spectra will be used to calculate the pKa values associated with each porphyrin. Based on the results, the average pKa for TF upon protonation was 2.07, while the average pKa for PF was 1.36 over four trials. A greater acidic value for …
The Phase Diagram Of A Non-Ideal Mixture’S P − V − X 2-Component Gas=Liquid Representation, Including Azeotropes,
2022
University of Connecticut
The Phase Diagram Of A Non-Ideal Mixture’S P − V − X 2-Component Gas=Liquid Representation, Including Azeotropes, Carl W. David
Chemistry Education Materials
The liquid=vapor two phase p−v−x diagram is constructed for non-ideal solutions including azeotropes.
Facet Dependent Oxygen Evolution Activity Of Spinel Cobalt Oxides,
2022
1. Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;2. Petrochemical Catalyst Lab., Lanzhou Petrochemical Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Lanzhou 730060, China;
Facet Dependent Oxygen Evolution Activity Of Spinel Cobalt Oxides, Li-Hua Zhang, Hong-Yuan Chuai, Hai Liu, Qun Fan, Si-Yu Kuang, Sheng Zhang, Xin-Bin Ma
Journal of Electrochemistry
Water splitting is a promising technology to produce clean hydrogen if powered by renewable energies, where oxygen evolution is the rate determining step at an anode. Here we adjust the different crystal planes of the cobalt oxides catalyst to expose more effective active sites through a hydrothermal process, so as to improve the reaction activity for oxygen evolution. The samples were well characterized by TEM, SEM and XRD. Among the three synthetic crystal planes (100), (111) and (110) of spinel cobalt oxides, the (100) crystal plane has the highest intrinsic activity. Combining in-situ infrared and DFT calculations, we …
Structural Degradation Of Ni-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode For Li-Ion Batteries,
2022
1. Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;2. School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & International Academy of Optoelectronics at Zhaoqing, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China;
Structural Degradation Of Ni-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode For Li-Ion Batteries, Jia-Yi Wang, Sheng-Nan Guo, Xin Wang, Lin Gu, Dong Su
Journal of Electrochemistry
Nickel(Ni)-rich layered oxide has been regarded as one of the most important cathode materials for the lithium-ion batteries because of its low cost and high energy density. However, the concerns in safety and durability of this compound are still challenging for its further development. On this account, the in-depth understanding in the structural factors determining its capacity attenuation is essential. In this review, we summarize the recent advances on the degradation mechanisms of Ni-rich layered oxide cathode. Progresses in the structure evolution of Ni-rich oxide are carefully combed in terms of inner evolution, surface evolution, and the property under thermal …
Recent Advances In Structural Regulation On Non-Precious Metal Catalysts For Oxygen Reduction Reaction In Alkaline Electrolytes,
2022
1. State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, China;2. University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China;
Recent Advances In Structural Regulation On Non-Precious Metal Catalysts For Oxygen Reduction Reaction In Alkaline Electrolytes, Xue Wang, Li Zhang, Chang-Peng Liu, Jun-Jie Ge, Jian-Bing Zhu, Wei Xing
Journal of Electrochemistry
Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline electrolytes is an important electrochemical process for metal-air batteries and anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). However, the sluggish kinetics spurs intensive research on searching robust electrocatalysts. Non-precious metal catalysts (NPMCs) that can circumvent the cost and scarcity issues associated with platinum (Pt)-based materials have been pursued and the challenges lie in the performance improvement to rival Pt-based benchmarks. As the composition and structure of the NPMCs have a significant impact on the catalytic performance, precise regulation on the catalyst structure holds great promise to bridge the activity gap between NPMCs and Pt-based benchmarks. …
Selective Co2 Reduction To Formate On Heterostructured Sn/Sno2 Nanoparticles Promoted By Carbon Layer Networks,
2022
Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092;
Selective Co2 Reduction To Formate On Heterostructured Sn/Sno2 Nanoparticles Promoted By Carbon Layer Networks, Xue Teng, Yanli Niu, Shuaiqi Gong, Xuan Liu, Zuofeng Chen
Journal of Electrochemistry
Tin (Sn)-based materials have emerged as promising electrocatalysts for selective reduction of CO2 to formate, but their overall performances are still limited by electrode structures which govern the accessibility to active sites, the electron transfer kinetics, and the catalytic stability. In this study, the heterostructured Sn/SnO2 nanoparticles dispersed by N-doped carbon layer networks (Sn/SnO2@NC) were synthesized by a melt-recrystallization method taking the low melting point of Sn (m.p. 232oC). The N-doped carbon layer networks derived from polydopamine could attract more electrons on the electrocatalyst, serve as conductive agents and protect the ultrafine nanoparticles from …
Mass Loading Optimization For Ethylene Glycol Oxidation At Different Potential Regions,
2022
1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore;2. Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138634 Singapore;3. Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology (BIC-ESAT), Beijing Key Laboratory for Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices (BKL-MMD), School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
Mass Loading Optimization For Ethylene Glycol Oxidation At Different Potential Regions, Sheng-Nan Sun, Zhi-Chuan Xu
Journal of Electrochemistry
Designing and fabricating the electrocatalysts is attracting more and more attention in recent years due to a global interest in developing techniques for electrochemical energy conversion and storage, as well as elelectro-synthesis of valuable chemicals. The activity is one of the key performance parameters for electrocatalysts, while the observed activity can be affected by mass loading of electrocatalysts. Here, we take cobalt oxide (Co3O4)/graphite paper electrode (Co3O4/GPE) as a model electrode to demon-strate how the mass loading of Co3O4 catalyst influences ethylene glycol (EG) oxidation in alkaline (KOH) by …
Recent Advances In Electrochemical Kinetics Simulations And Their Applications In Pt-Based Fuel Cells,
2022
1. Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Material, Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Science (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;
Recent Advances In Electrochemical Kinetics Simulations And Their Applications In Pt-Based Fuel Cells, Ji-Li Li, Ye-Fei Li, Zhi-Pan Liu
Journal of Electrochemistry
Theoretical simulations of electrocatalysis are vital for understanding the mechanism of the electrochemical process at the atomic level. It can help to reveal the in-situ structures of electrode surfaces and establish the microscopic mechanism of electrocatalysis, thereby solving the problems such as electrode oxidation and corrosion. However, there are still many problems in the theoretical electrochemical simulations, including the solvation effects, the electric double layer, and the structural transformation of electrodes. Here we review recent advances of theoretical methods in electrochemical modeling, in particular, the double reference approach, the periodic continuum solvation model based on the modified Poisson-Boltzmann …
A Beginners’ Guide To Modelling Of Electric Double Layer Under Equilibrium, Nonequilibrium And Ac Conditions,
2022
1. School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, People’s Republic of China;
A Beginners’ Guide To Modelling Of Electric Double Layer Under Equilibrium, Nonequilibrium And Ac Conditions, Lu-Lu Zhang, Chen-Kun Li, Jun Huang
Journal of Electrochemistry
In electrochemistry, perhaps also in other time-honored scientific disciplines, knowledge labelled classical usually attracts less attention from beginners, especially those pressured or tempted to quickly jam into research fronts that are labelled, not always aptly, modern. In fact, it is a normal reaction to the burden of history and the stress of today. Against this context, accessible tutorials on classical knowledge are useful, should some realize that taking a step back could be the best way forward. This is the driving force of this article themed at physicochemical modelling of the electric (electrochemical) double layer (EDL). We begin the exposition …
