Effects Of Etchants On Surface Morphologies And Electrochemical Performance Of Iro2-Mno2 Anodic Nano-Coatings,
2015
School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China;
Effects Of Etchants On Surface Morphologies And Electrochemical Performance Of Iro2-Mno2 Anodic Nano-Coatings, Qing-Guo Fan, Zhi-Guo Ye, Hui-Min Meng, Chun-Min Lu
Journal of Electrochemistry
The IrO2-MnO2 anodic nano-coatings were prepared by the traditional thermal decomposition method on the different surfaces of Ti substrates pretreated by different etchants (HCl, H2SO4, C2H2O4 and HF). Surface morphologies and electrochemical performance of the Ti based IrO2-MnO2 anodic coatings were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and polarization techniques. Analysis showed that the denser IrO2 nano-particles with longer dimensions were obtained at the IrO2-MnO2 anodic coating surfaces on the Ti substrates etched by HF and …
The Stoichiometry Of Metal Assisted Etching (Mae) Of Si In V2o5 + Hf And Hooh + Hf Solutions,
2015
West Chester University of Pennsylvania
The Stoichiometry Of Metal Assisted Etching (Mae) Of Si In V2o5 + Hf And Hooh + Hf Solutions, Kurt W. Kolasinski, William B. Barclay, Yu Sun, Mark Aindow
Chemistry Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Fabrication And Characterization Of A Vertically-Oriented Graphene Supercapacitor,
2015
Science Teacher and Researcher Program
Fabrication And Characterization Of A Vertically-Oriented Graphene Supercapacitor, Patrick R. Rice, Jiaxin Cui, Ahmad Badr, Michael M. Oye, Jessica E. Koehne, Meyya Meyyappan
STAR Program Research Presentations
Supercapacitors, otherwise known as electrical double layer capacitors, are a new type of electrochemical capacitor whose storage capacity is governed by two principals: the electrostatic storage achieved by a separation of charge at the interface of an electrode with an electrolytic solution, and pseudocapacitance, whose electrical energy is achieved by faradaic redox reactions. This project reports the synthesis and characterization of vertically-oriented graphene grown on copper substrates as electrodes in electric double-layer capacitor. Graphene is a two-dimensional pure carbon material with a high potential for energy storage. With vertically-grown graphene, an exponentially-larger surface area is made available, allowing an increase …
Unraveling The Mechanism Of Selective Ion Transport In
Hydrophobic Subnanometer Channels,
2015
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Unraveling The Mechanism Of Selective Ion Transport In Hydrophobic Subnanometer Channels, Hui Li, Joseph S. Francisco, Xiao Cheng Zeng
Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications
Recently reported synthetic organic nanopore (SONP) can mimic a key feature of natural ion channels, i.e., selective ion transport. However, the physical mechanism underlying the K+/Na+ selectivity for the SONPs is dramatically different from that of natural ion channels. To achieve a better understanding of the selective ion transport in hydrophobic subnanometer channels in general and SONPs in particular, we perform a series of ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the diffusivity of aqua Na+ and K+ ions in two prototype hydrophobic nanochannels: (i) an SONP with radius of 3.2 Å, and (ii) single-walled …
Medium-Sized Au40(Sr)24 And Au52(Sr)32
Nanoclusters With Distinct Gold-Kernel Structures
And Spectroscopic Features,
2015
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Medium-Sized Au40(Sr)24 And Au52(Sr)32 Nanoclusters With Distinct Gold-Kernel Structures And Spectroscopic Features, Wen Wu Xu, Yadong Li, Yi Gao, Xiao Cheng Zeng
Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications
We have analyzed the structures of two medium-sized thiolateprotected gold nanoparticles (RS-AuNPs) Au40(SR)24 and Au52(SR)32 and identified the distinct structural features in their Au kernels [Sci. Adv., 2015, 1, e1500425]. We find that both Au kernels of the Au40(SR)24 and Au52(SR)32 nanoclusters can be classified as interpenetrating cuboctahedra. Simulated X-ray diffraction patterns of the RS-AuNPs with the cuboctahedral kernel are collected and then compared with the X-ray diffraction patterns of the RS-AuNPs of two other prevailing Au-kernels identified from previous experiments, namely the Ino-decahedral kernel and icosahedral kernel. …
Extremely Strong Tubular Stacking Of Aromatic Oligoamide Macrocycles,
2015
State University of New York at Buffalo
Extremely Strong Tubular Stacking Of Aromatic Oligoamide Macrocycles, Mark A. Kline, Xiaoxi Wei, Ian J. Horner, Rui Liu, Shuang Chen, Si Chen, Ka Yi Yung, Kazuhiro Yamato, Zhonghou Cai, Frank V. Bright, Xiao Cheng Zeng, Bing Gong
Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications
As the third-generation rigid macrocycles evolved from progenitor 1, cyclic aromatic oligoamides 3, with a backbone of reduced constraint, exhibit extremely strong stacking with an astoundingly high affinity (estimated lower limit of Kdimer > 1013 M–1 in CHCl3), which leads to dispersed tubular stacks that undergo further assembly in solution. Computational study reveals a very large binding energy (–49.77 kcal mol–1) and indicates highly cooperative local dipole interactions that account for the observed strength and directionality for the stacking of 3. In the solid-state, X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirms that the aggregation of 3 results …
On The Catalytic Activity Of Palladium Nanoparticles-Based Anodes Towards Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation: Effect Of Electrodeposition Potential,
2015
The British University in Egypt
On The Catalytic Activity Of Palladium Nanoparticles-Based Anodes Towards Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation: Effect Of Electrodeposition Potential, Islam M. Al-Akraa Dr., Ahmad M. Mohammad Prof, Mohamed S. El-Deab Prof, Bahgat E. El-Anadouli Prof
Chemical Engineering
In this investigation, the catalytic activity of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs)-modified glassy carbon (GC) (simply noted as PdNPs/GC) electrodes towards the formic acid electro-oxidation (FAO) was investigated. The deposition of PdNPs on the GC substrate was carried out by a potentiostatic technique at different potentials and the corresponding influence on the particles size and crystal structure of PdNPs as well as the catalytic activity towards FAO was studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated the deposition of PdNPs in spherical shapes and the average particle size of PdNPs deposited at a potential of 0 V vs. Ag/AgCl/KCl(sat.) was the smallest (ca. 8 …
Advances In Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells: Fabrication Of Efficient Ir/Pd Nanocatalysts For Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation,
2015
The British University in Egypt
Advances In Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells: Fabrication Of Efficient Ir/Pd Nanocatalysts For Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation, Islam M. Al-Akraa, Ahmad M. Mohammad, Mohamed S. El-Deab Prof, Bahgat E. El-Anadouli Prof
Chemical Engineering
No abstract provided.
Porous Layers Composed Of Oxide Crystallites Formed By The Combination Of Laser Ablation And Anodization Of Metal,
2015
West Chester University of Pennsylvania
Porous Layers Composed Of Oxide Crystallites Formed By The Combination Of Laser Ablation And Anodization Of Metal, Abbie S. Ganas, Dmitry A. Znamensky, Nahúm Méndez Alba, José Luis Hernández-Pozos, Kurt W. Kolasinski
Chemistry Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Inhalable Nanocomposites And Anticancer Agents For Cancer Therapy,
2015
University of Kentucky
Inhalable Nanocomposites And Anticancer Agents For Cancer Therapy, Nathanael A. Stocke
Theses and Dissertations--Chemical and Materials Engineering
Cancer is designated as the leading cause of mortality worldwide and lung cancer is responsible for nearly 30% of all cancer related deaths. Over the last few decades mortality rates have only marginally increased and rates of recurrence remain high. These factors, among others, suggest the need for more innovative treatment modalities in lung cancer therapy. Targeted pulmonary delivery is well established for treating pulmonary diseases such as asthma and provides a promising platform for lung cancer therapy. Increasing local deposition of anticancer agents (ACAs) and reducing systemic exposure of these toxic moieties could lead to better therapeutic outcomes and …
B27−: Appearance Of The Smallest Planar Boron Cluster Containing
A Hexagonal Vacancy,
2015
Brown University
B27−: Appearance Of The Smallest Planar Boron Cluster Containing A Hexagonal Vacancy, Wei-Li Li, Rhitankar Pal, Zachary A. Piazza, Xiao Cheng Zeng, Lai-Sheng Wang
Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications
Photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations have been carried out to probe the structures and chemical bonding of the B27− cluster. Comparison between the experimental spectrum and the theoretical results reveals a two-dimensional (2D) global minimum with a triangular lattice containing a tetragonal defect (I) and two low-lying 2D isomers (II and III), each with a hexagonal vacancy. All three 2D isomers have 16 peripheral boron atoms and 11 inner boron atoms. Isomer I is shown to be mainly responsible for the observed photoelectron spectrum with isomers II and III as minor contributors. Chemical bonding analyses of these …
Electronic Structures And Electronic Spectra
Of All-Boron Fullerene B40,
2015
Southwest University, Chongqing
Electronic Structures And Electronic Spectra Of All-Boron Fullerene B40, Rongxing He, Xiao Cheng Zeng
Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications
This study is motivated by the recent discovery of the first all-boron fullerene analogue, a B40 cluster with D2d point-group symmetry, dubbed borospherene (Nat. Chem., 2014, 6, 727). Insight into the electronic structures and spectral properties of B40 is timely and important to understand the borospherene and the transition from open-ended plate or ribbon-like structures to a hollow-cage structure at B40. Optimized geometries of borospherene B40 for both the ground state and the first excited state allow us to compute spectral properties including UV-vis absorption, infrared (IR) and Raman spectra. Highly resolved absorption and …
Electrospun Titanium Dioxide And Silicon Composite Nanofibers For Advanced Lithium Ion Batteries,
2015
Georgia Southern University
Electrospun Titanium Dioxide And Silicon Composite Nanofibers For Advanced Lithium Ion Batteries, Kathleen Mccormac
College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations
A unique electrospinning method was implemented to fabricate composite nanofibers for lithium ion battery applications. The composite nanofibers were made of amorphous carbon, rutile phase TiO2, and cubic phase Si nanoparticles. Sulfur was utilized as a template to form void structures within the TiO2 nanofiber matrix. This provides the desired space for the Si expansion during the lithiation process. Phase, structure, composition, and morphology of the nanofibers were characterized using Raman spectroscopy, SEM, EDS, TGA, and powder XRD. Carbonized TiO2 nanofibers showed a low but stable specific capacity. Si Nanoparticles demonstrated an initially high but fast …
Synthesis, Surface Functionalization, And Biological Testing Of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles For Development As A Cancer Therapeutic,
2015
Virginia Commonwealth University
Synthesis, Surface Functionalization, And Biological Testing Of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles For Development As A Cancer Therapeutic, Stanley E. Gilliland Iii
Theses and Dissertations
Iron oxide nanoparticles are highly researched for their use in biomedical applications such as drug delivery, diagnosis, and therapy. The inherent biodegradable and biocompatible nanoparticle properties make them highly advantageous in nanomedicine. The magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles make them promising candidates for magnetic fluid hyperthermia applications. Designing an efficient iron oxide nanoparticle for hyperthermia requires synthetic, surface functionalization, stability, and biological investigations. This research focused on the following three areas: optimizing synthesis conditions for maximum radiofrequency induced magnetic hyperthermia, designing a simple and modifiable surface functionalization method for specific or broad biological stability, and in vitro and in …
Phthalimide-Based Π-Conjugated Small Molecules With Tailored Electronic Energy Levels For Use As Acceptors In Organic Solar Cells,
2015
Dalhousie University
Phthalimide-Based Π-Conjugated Small Molecules With Tailored Electronic Energy Levels For Use As Acceptors In Organic Solar Cells, Arthur D. Hendsbee, Seth M. Mcafee, Jon-Paul Sun, Theresa M. Mccormick, Ian G. Hill, Gregory C. Welch
Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations
The design, synthesis, and characterization of seven phthalimide-based organic π-conjugated small molecules are reported. The new materials are based on a phthalimide–thiophene–CORE–thiophene–phthalimide architecture. The CORE units utilized were phthalimide (M2), diketopyrrolopyrrole (M3), isoindigo (M4), naphthalene diimide (M5), perylene diimide (M6), and difluorobenzothiadiazole (M7); they were specifically selected to progressively increase the electron affinity of the resulting compound. A small molecule with no core (M1) was synthesized for comparison. Each material was synthesized through optimized direct heteroarylation cross-coupling procedures using bench top solvents in air. Combinations of …
Unhindered Triangulene Salt Pairs: Substitution-Dependent Contact Ion Pairing And Complex Solvent-Separated Discotic Ions In Solution,
2015
University of Kentucky
Unhindered Triangulene Salt Pairs: Substitution-Dependent Contact Ion Pairing And Complex Solvent-Separated Discotic Ions In Solution, Subrahmanyam Modekrutti
Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry
This work sought to enforce aromatic interactions between compatible π-molecular orbital systems with ionic bonding. In this case the interacting partners are oppositely charged discotic triangulene derivatives. The observed properties of the heterodimeric ion-pairs likely arise due to a hypothetical synergy between electrostatics and π-interactions. The work presented here describes investigation of putative covalency arising from this hypothetical synergy in the electrostatics driven π-stacking. In order to probe this, various hypotheses were made and experiments were designed to test their validity. The results from the experiments show existence of contact ion-pairs and complex solvent-separated discotic ions in solution. The formation …
Ferrocene-Fused Derivatives Of Acenes, Tropones And Thiepins,
2015
University of Kentucky
Ferrocene-Fused Derivatives Of Acenes, Tropones And Thiepins, Bidhya L. Maharjan
Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry
This research project is concentrated on tuning the properties of small organic molecules, namely polyacenes, tropones and thiepins, by incorporating redox-active transition metal centers π-bonded to terminal cyclopentadienyl ligands. Organometallic-fused acenequinones, tropones, thiepins and cyclopentadiene-capped polyacenes were synthesized and characterized. This work was divided into three parts: first, the synthesis of ferrocene-fused acenequinones, cyclopentadiene-capped acenequinones and their subsequent aromatization to polyacenes; second, the synthesis of ferrocene-fused tropones, thiotropones and tropone oxime; and third, the synthesis of ferrocene-fused thiepins. Ferrocene-fused quinones are the precursors to our target complexes. Our synthetic route to ferrocenequinones involved two-fold aldol condensation between 1,2-diformylferrocene and naphthalene-1,4-diol …
Plasma Treated Mesoporous Tio2 Thin Films For Energy Storage Applications,
2015
University of Kentucky
Plasma Treated Mesoporous Tio2 Thin Films For Energy Storage Applications, Allen D. Reed
Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry
Mesoporous TiO2 films treated with N2/argon plasma or H2 plasma were studied for use in photoelectrochemical water splitting and electrochemical supercapacitors, respectively. Cubic-ordered mesoporous thin films were prepared by a templated sol-gel method. UV-Vis absorbance spectra indicated that nitrogen plasma treatment significantly reduced the band gap of the TiO2. XPS analysis showed that nitrogen atoms are incorporated into substitutional sites, rather than interstitial. Photocatalytic activity of nitrogen-doped TiO2 films was evaluated by chronoamperometry and linear sweep voltammetry. Compared to pristine TiO2, plasma-treated films showed remarkable photocurrent enhancement (up to 240 times) …
Heteroatom-Doped Nanoporous Carbons: Synthesis, Characterization And Application To Gas Storage And Separation,
2015
Virginia Commonwealth University
Heteroatom-Doped Nanoporous Carbons: Synthesis, Characterization And Application To Gas Storage And Separation, Babak Ashourirad
Theses and Dissertations
Activated carbons as emerging classes of porous materials have gained tremendous attention because of their versatile applications such as gas storage/separations sorbents, oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts and supercapacitor electrodes. This diversity originates from fascinating features such as low-cost, lightweight, thermal, chemical and physical stability as well as adjustable textural properties. More interestingly, sole heteroatom or combinations of various elements can be doped into their framework to modify the surface chemistry. Among all dopants, nitrogen as the most frequently used element, induces basicity and charge delocalization into the carbon network and enhances selective adsorption of CO2. Transformation of …
Colloidal Synthesis And Optical Characterizations Of Semiconductor Nanocrystals From Nontoxic Elements,
2015
Virginia Commonwealth University
Colloidal Synthesis And Optical Characterizations Of Semiconductor Nanocrystals From Nontoxic Elements, Minh Q. Ho
Theses and Dissertations
To date, the search efforts have shifted from the toxic II-VI, III-V and IV-VI semiconductors to more environmentally friendly materials. Among Group II-V semiconductors, Zn3P2 has shown to be a more benign option, similar to Group IV (Ge, Si) materials, for future applications in photovoltaics and optoelectronics. This work is dedicated to the development of wet-chemical synthetic routes of (1) Zn3P2 and (2) Group IV (Ge, Si, Si1-xGex) nanocrystals with precise control over composition, crystal structure, size and dispersity by adjusting different reaction parameters such as temperature, time and solvent …
