Materials Chemistry Commons^™

High Temperature Materials From Bis-Ortho-Diynylarene (Boda)-Derived Resins And Perfluorocyclobutyl (Pfcb) Aryl Ether Polymers, Ernesto Isaac Borrego

Theses and Dissertations

This work expands the current understanding of materials chemistry and engineering capabilities of two synthetic platforms: 1.) bis-ortho-diynylarenes (BODA) and 2.) trifluorovinylaryl ethers (TFVE). Each platform possesses a unique chemistry which paradoxically enables the development of high-performance materials therefrom while simultaneously retaining exceptional melt and solution processability. Leveraging the apparent dichotomy in properties (performance/processability) obtainable from these two synthetics platforms, we have pursued and achieved a practical approach to high-temperature resistant materials with an immense potential for technology transfer and commercialization:

1.) BODA-derived resins (BDR) constitute a versatile platform of melt-processable resins capable of rapidly producing high performance …

Nanoparticles And The Environment: Biopolymer Grafted Cellulose And Screen-Printed Carbon Nanotube Composites, Dominique Henry Porcincula

Master's Theses

A host of environmental issues will define the state of the environment in the 21^st century, with plastic pollution and water shortages among them. While solutions to these problems require large-scale, multipronged solutions, one way we can address them is through material innovation and the use of nanoparticles.

In the first project, we address the issue of plastic pollution by creating nanocomposites of biodegradable polymers (PLA and PCL) with cellulose nanofibrils. Here, PLA and PCL are grafted from the surface of cellulose nanofibrils via ring-opening polymerization of cyclic ester monomers. Polymer-grafted cellulose (PGC) is characterized with structural analysis, solubility …

Chemical And Biological Catalysis Using A Functionalized Fluorinated Phthalocyanine, Mary Chiọma Okorie

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Phthalocyanines, a class of photosensitizers that generate ¹O₂ using visible light, have been widely used in a variety of applications such as catalysis, solid-state materials, and photodynamic therapy. A 3^rd generation, namely functionalized fluorinated phthalocyanines, F₄₈H₇(COOH)PcMetal, containing a carboxylic acid “tail” allows the Pc to be anchored onto supports such as metal oxides, producing a new family of supported photocatalysts, F₄₈H₇(COOH)PcZn-Oxides.

These new materials photooxidize toxic thioethers mainly to less toxic sulfoxides using visible light and air, a genuine green chemistry pathway. The catalysts are robust and survive reactive …

Scalable Solution Processing Of Niox Nanoparticles., Peter James Armstrong

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a promising alternative to silicon-based photovoltaics. However, PSCs face several challenges due to shortcomings in their stability, module efficiency, and scaled production. Although PSCs is still a young field of research, significant attention has been given to demonstrating power conversion efficiencies that are on par with traditional silicon. With that target reached, converting the laboratory demonstration into practical materials to increase access and abundance of solar energy are among the next large targets for the field. This comes with material challenges for perovskite and their companion charge transport layers (CTLs). Among the charge transport materials …

Studies On Electrochemical Hydrogen Isotope Separation, Liyanage Mayura Sankalpa Silva

All Dissertations

Graphene-integrated Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrochemical cells have emerged as a novel area of scientific investigation in the realm of hydrogen isotope separation. Chemical Vapor Deposited (CVD) graphene has been especially useful due to its large-scale production capability for scaling-up purposes. The research described in this dissertation explores the role that inadvertent introduction of cations, notably ammonium and copper, during the CVD graphene transfer onto PEM substrates, such as Nafion, might play in affecting hydrogen ion transport and isotope separation in PEM electrochemical cells. An extensive review of existing literature exposed a gap concerning unintentional cation introductions during graphene transfer, …

Characterization Of Interlayer Laser Shock Peening During Fused Filament Fabrication Of Polylactic Acid (Pla), Fabien Denise

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The field of additive manufacturing (AM) has gained a significant amount of popularity due to the increasing need for more sustainable manufacturing techniques and the adaptive development of complex product geometries. The problem is that AM parts routinely exhibit flaws or weaknesses that affect functionality or performance. Over the years, surface treatments have been developed to compensate certain flaws or weaknesses in manufactured products. Combining surface treatments with the modularity of additive manufacturing could lead to more adaptable and creative improvements of product functions in the future. The current work evaluates the feasibility of pursuing a new research axis in …

Quantification Of Dye Degradation On Titanium Dioxide-Based Membranes, Elizabeth Carol Wood

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the dye degradation on the titanium dioxide (TiO2)-based membranes. While many studies have shown photocatalytic degradation of dye on TiO2 in solution, few studies have been reported on the solid TiO2 substrate. In this work, a new method is developed to quantify the dye degradation on TiO2-based membranes. A hydrothermal method is used to synthesize the photocatalytic TiO2 nanofibers; vacuum filtration is applied to fabricate a self-assembled membrane. Silver is incorporated into the nanofibers through in situ reduction before vacuum filtration to fabricate Ag/TiO2 membrane in an attempt to red shift the …

Preparation And Lithium Storage Properties Of Carbon Confined Li3Vo4 Nano Materials, Jia-Qi Fan, Huan-Qiao Song, Jia-Ying An, Amantai A-Yi-Da-Na, Mo Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Li₃VO₄, as a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries, has been widely studied because of its low and safe voltage, and large capacity. However, its poor electronic conductivity impedes the practical application of Li₃VO₄ particularly at high rates. In this paper, carbon confined Li₃VO₄ nano materials (Li₃VO₄/C) were synthesized by hydrothermal and solid-phase method, and for comparison, the Li₃VO₄ (N) nano materials without carbon confinement and Li₃VO₄ (B) materials were also synthesized by pure solid-phase method. The composition, structure, …

Peg-Water Electrolyte For High-Performance Zinc Iodine Dual-Ion Batteries, Xiao-Feng Qu, Yu-Ting Tang, Xin-Cheng He, Jia-Sheng Zhou, Zi-Heng Tang, Wen-Hua Feng, Jun Liu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Thanks to abundant resource and rapid redox reaction kinetics, iodine is regarded as promising positive materials inthe batteries. However, the shuttling effect due to the high solubility of iodine in the electrolyte makes the performance of battery poor. In this paper, polyethylene glycol (PEG400) and potassium iodide were added into zinc-ion aqueous electrolyte. PEG400 could complex with iodine to reduce the dissolution of iodine, therefore alleviating the formation of soluble triiodide (I₃^–) from iodine and iodide ions. Furthermore, this electrolyte was used in the battery with double carbon cloths as the current collectors, double separators and zinc …

Lif-Sn Composite Modification Layer To Modify Garnet/Lithium Metal Interface, Wu Yang, Xue-Fan Zheng, Yu-Qi Wu, Zheng-Liang Gong

Journal of Electrochemistry

The growing demands for electric vehicles and consumer electronics; as well as the expanding renewable energy storage market; have promoted extensive research on energy storage technologies with low costhigh energy density and safety. Lithium (Li) metal and solid-state electrolytes are considered as important components for next-generation batteries because of their great potential for improvements in energy density and safety performance. Inorganic garnet-type solid electrolytes with high Li-ion conductivity (about 10^-3 S·cm^-1) and high shear modulus (55 GPa) are considered to be ideal solid-state electrolytes; however; the issue of Li dendrite growth still obstructs their practical application. Herein; …

Constructing Carbon-Encapsulated Nifev-Based Electrocatalysts By Alkoxide-Based Self-Template Method For Oxygen Evolution Reaction, En-Hui Ma, Xu-Po Liu, Tao Shen, De-Li Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The development of green and sustainable water-splitting hydrogen production technology is beneficial to reducing the over-reliance on fossil fuels and realizing the strategic goal of "carbon neutral". As one of the half reactions for water splitting, oxygen evolution reaction has suffered the problems of sluggish four-electron transfer process and relatively slow reaction kinetics. Therefore, exploring efficient and stable catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction is of critical importance for water-splitting technology. Metal alkoxides are a series of compounds formed by the coordination function of metal ions with alcohol molecules. Metal alkoxides possess the double advantages of organic materials and inorganic materials, …

Binding Interactions Of Biologically Relevant Molecules Studied Using Surface-Modified And Nanostructured Surfaces, Palak Sondhi

Dissertations

This research focuses on the field of surface nanobioscience, wherein different nanosurfaces that will be used as working electrodes in the electrochemical cell are manufactured and surface modified to understand the critical binding interactions between biologically significant molecules like proteins, carbohydrates, small drug molecules, and glycoproteins. This research is essential if we are to determine whether a synthetic molecule can serve as a therapeutic candidate or diagnose a disease in its early stages. In order to fully understand the binding interactions, the study begins with defining some of the fundamental concepts, principles, and analytical tools for biosensing.

Afterwards, we addressed …

Electrochemical Degradation Of Methylene Blue With Seawater And Pb/Pbo2 Electrodes From Battery Waste, Gunawan Gunawan, N. B. Adiwibawa Prasetya, Didik Setiyo Widodo, Roni Adi Wijaya

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Electrochemical degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye with seawater electrolyte using lead and lead oxide (Pb/PbO2) electrodes from waste batteries has been successfully conducted. Characterization of battery waste, the effectiveness of dye degradation, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) concentration, dissolved oxygen (DO) level, reaction mechanism, the effect of time variation (15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes), and voltage variation (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 volts) were observed. Characterization showed results by the characteristics of Pb and PbO2 confirmed by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) result-ing in 2θ peaks of Pb at 31.36, 36.38, 52.26, 62.36, 65.38º and 2θ (β-PbO2) at 25.4, 32.0, …

A Computational Approach For Mapping Electrochemical Activity Of Multi-Principal Element Alloys, Jodie A. Yuwono, Xinyu Li, Tyler D. Dolezal, Adib J. Samin, Javen Qinfeng Shi, Zhipeng Li, Nick Birbilis

Faculty Publications

Multi principal element alloys (MPEAs) comprise an atypical class of metal alloys. MPEAs have been demonstrated to possess several exceptional properties, including, as most relevant to the present study a high corrosion resistance. In the context of MPEA design, the vast number of potential alloying elements and the staggering number of elemental combinations favours a computational alloy design approach. In order to computationally assess the prospective corrosion performance of MPEA, an approach was developed in this study. A density functional theory (DFT) – based Monte Carlo method was used for the development of MPEA ‘structure’; with the AlCrTiV alloy used …

Chain Conformation And Exciton Delocalization In A Push-Pull Conjugated Polymer, Yulong Zheng, Rahul Venkatesh, Connor P. Callaway, Campbell Viersen, Kehinde H. Fagbohungbe, Aaron L. Liu, Chad Risko, Elsa Reichmanis, Carlos Silva-AcuñA

UK CARES Faculty Publications

Linear and nonlinear optical line shapes reveal details of excitonic structure in polymer semiconductors. We implement absorption, photoluminescence, and transient absorption spectroscopies in DPP-DTT, an electron push−pull copolymer, to explore the relationship between their spectral line shapes and chain conformation, deduced from resonance Raman spectroscopy and from ab initio calculations. The viscosity of precursor polymer solutions before film casting displays a transition that suggests gel formation above a critical concentration. Upon crossing this viscosity deflection concentration, the line shape analysis of the absorption spectra within a photophysical aggregate model reveals a gradual increase in interchain excitonic coupling. We also observe …

Flexible And Sewable Electrode Based On Ni-Co@Pani-Salphen Composite-Coated On Textiles For Wearable Supercapacitor, Touba Rezaee Adriyani, Ali A. Ensafi, B. Rezaei

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Flexible electrodes with high deformability and energy density are critical for electronic textiles. The key factor for achieving high-performance supercapacitors with superior power and energy density is the evaluation of materials that exhibit exceptional capacitive performance. Herein, we have prepared Ni-Co nanoparticles at the surface of polyaniline-salphen (Ni-Co@PS). Then, followed by casting Ni-Co@PS on a conductive carbon cloth (CC) as a substrate through a facile in-situ polymerization strategy. The morphologies of Ni-Co@PS composite were characterized by different methods such as FE-SEM, XPS, XRD, BET, and electrochemical methods. This nanocomposite showed high tolerability and a large surface area with excellent behavior …

Hydroxyapatite-Based Coatings On Silicon Wafers And Printed Zirconia, Antoine Chauvin

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Dental surgery needs a naturally attract implant design that can ensure both osseointegration and soft tissue integration. Hydroxyapatite (HAp), the main mineral constituent of dentine and tooth enamel, is commonly used as a coating component, notably for overlaying titanium– or ceramics–based implants. This thesis aims to investigate the behavior of a HAp-based coating, specifically designed to be compatible with a porous substrate. Coating layers are made by sol–gel dip coating by immersion of porous substrates made by additive manufacturing into solutions of HAp, having been mixed with polyethyleneimine (PEI), to improve the adhesion of HAp on the substrate. First, the …

Research Progress And Performance Improvement Strategies Of Hard Carbon Anode Materials For Sodium-Ion Batteries, Xiu-Ping Yin, Yu-Feng Zhao, Jiu-Jun Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

This paper systematically summarizes the research progress of hard carbon anode materials in sodium ion batteries(SIBs) and the development of the corresponding sodium storage mechanism in recent years, and reviews the performance improvement strategies of hard carbon materials from the aspects of structural design and electrolyte regulation. The effects of the selection of precursors, carbonization temperature, pretreatment, pore formers, heteroatom doping, material compounding, electrolyte regulation and pre-sodiumization on the sodium storage performance of hard carbon anode materials are briefly described. This paper provides new insights into the design, synthesis and electrolyte
matching of high-performance and low-cost hard carbon materials, and …

Charge-Dependence Of Dissolution/Deposition Energy Barrier On Cu(111) Electrode Surface By Multiscale Simulations, Hang Qiao, Yong Zhu, Sheng Sun, Tong-Yi Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Behaviors of electrified interface under different applied potentials/charges play the central role in electroplating process and electrochemical corrosion. The mechanism, however, is unclear yet for a surface atom dissolving/depositing from/on an electrode surface under an applied potential. The energy barrier along the reaction path is the key variable. The present work conductes hybrid first-principle/hybrid calculations to study the direct and indirect dissolution/deposition of a Cu atom on perfect/stepped Cu(111) planar electrodes in an electrolyte under different excess charges. Energy profiles present a linear relationship between the energies of the initial/final state and the activation state of different reaction paths under …

Preparation And Electrocatalytic Performance Of Feni-Cop/Nc Bifunctional Catalyst, Si-Miao Liu, Jing-Jiao Zhou, Shi-Jun Ji, Zhong-Sheng Wen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Rechargeable zinc-air batteries have gradually attracted much attention worldwide due to their high capacity, high energy density and low price. Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) correspond to the charging and discharging processes in rechargeable zinc-air battery, respectively. At present, commercial Pt/C and IrO₂ catalysts hinder the large-scale application of zinc-air batteries due to low reserves, high prices and poor stability. Therefore, exploring high performance, low cost and high stability with dual functional catalysts is important for the development of rechargeable zinc-Air batteries. The metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have high specific surface area, structural stability, good catalytic …