Inorganic Chemistry Commons^™

Fundamental Chemistry Related To The Separations And Coordination Of Actinium-225, Thorium-227, And Technetium-99, Jasmine L. Hatcher

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This work explores the fundamental chemistry of actinium, thorium, and technetium in an effort to develop methodologies which help to address complications specific to each of these elements. Developing fundamental knowledge in inorganic chemistry has the power to meaningfully address a number of real world problems. By using simple systems and experiments like following an electron or changing the solvent system, we are able to gain invaluable information which can be used to address major issues.

Actinium-225 (t_½: 9.92 d) is an alpha-emitting radionuclide with nuclear properties well suited for alpha therapy of malignant tumors. The present global …

The Importance Of Solvent Effects On The Mechanism Of The Pfeiffer Effect, Jamie Lunkley, Ngoc Nguyen, Kristina Tuminaro, Dana Margittai, Gilles Muller

Faculty Publications, Chemistry

The Pfeiffer effect is observed when an optically active compound such as an amino acid is introduced to a solution containing a labile racemic metal complex, and an equilibrium shift is obtained. The “perturbation” results in an excess of one enantiomer over the other. The shift is a result of a preferential outer sphere interaction between the introduced chiral species and one enantiomeric form (Λ or ∆) of a labile metal complex. Speculations regarding the mechanism of the Pfeiffer effect have attributed observations to a singular factor such as pH, solvent polarity, or numerous other intermolecular interactions. Through the use …

Stylolites Cathodoluminescence Under Cross Polarized Light, Katherine Dvorak

The Hilltop Review

Devil's Gate limestone under cathodoluminescence. Bright yellow and orange areas are calcite and the bright blue indicates trace minerals along the solution seam. Trace minerals left in the seam are heavy metals and other silicate minerals.

Sintering-Induced Nucleation And Growth Of Noble Metal Nanoparticles For Plasmonic Resonance Ceramic Color, Nathan Dinh, Michael C. Leopold, Ryan Coppage

Chemistry Faculty Publications

This study demonstrates the formation of nanoparticles (NPs) from metal salts within ceramic glazes, such that the use of this colorant technology is more accessible to artisans, employs less metal content, is less environmentally harmful, and allows for the use of traditional kilns. Gold NPs have been demonstrated to possess a specific, low material loading use as a ceramic glaze colorant via plasmon resonance. Pre-synthesized gold NPs that are added to ceramic glazes have been found to significantly change in size after firing in both reductive and oxidative atmospheres, but still maintain some size relationships and color properties. Unfortunately, it …

Platinum@Hexaniobate Nanopeapods: Sensitized Composite Architectures For Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Under Visible Light Irradiation, Clare Davis-Wheeler Chin

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

Hydrogen fuel is one of the most important areas of research in the field of renewable energy development and production. Hydrogen gas can be generated by fuel cells, water electrolyzers, and heterogeneous nanoscale catalysts. It can be burned to directly release chemical energy or condensed for storage and transport, providing fuel for combustion devices or storing excess energy generated by renewable sources such as wind turbines and concentrated solar power assemblies. While platinum is the most active catalyst for hydrogen reduction, its high cost significantly deters its utilization in advanced photocatalytic materials. One approach to mitigating this expense is optimizing …

Examining The Effects Of Amino And Thiolate Ligands On The Reactivity And Selectivity Of Palladium On Carbon In Hydrogenation Reactions, Eric Liu, Christina Li

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Heterogeneous catalysts are used widely by chemical and energy industries because they show high reactivity but often suffer from lack of selectivity. On the other hand, ligands are commonly used in homogeneous catalysts to control the reactivity and selectivity; however, the effects of the ligands on the steric and electronic properties of heterogeneous catalysts are less understood. We examine the effects of four different ligands: 1-adamantanethiol, 1-adamantylamine, 1-dodecanethiol, and 1-dodecylamine, for the commercial hydrogenation catalyst palladium on carbon. Hydrogenation reactions are used as a screening tool to see the behavior that the different catalysts exhibit in the presence of unsaturated …

Crystal Structures Of 2-Bromo-1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexa­Methyl-2-(Tri­Methyl­Sil­Yl)Tris­Ilane And 2-Bromo-1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexa­Isopropyl-2-(Triiso­Propyl­Sil­Yl)Tri­Silane, Eva Gulotty, Richard Staples, Shannon Biros, Peter Gaspar, Nigam Rath, William Winchester

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Works

The synthesis and crystal structures of two tris­(tri­alkyl­sil­yl)silyl bromide compounds, C9H27BrSi4 (I, HypSiBr) and C27H63BrSi4 (II, TipSiBr), are described. Compound I was prepared in 85% yield by free-radical bromination of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexa­methyl-2-(tri­methyl­sil­yl)tris­ilane using bromo­butane and 2,2′-azobis(2-methyl­propio­nitrile) as a radical initiator at 333 K. The mol­ecule possesses threefold rotational symmetry, with the central Si atom and the Br atom being located on the threefold rotation axis. The Si—Br bond distance is 2.2990 (12) Å and the Si—Si bond lengths are 2.3477 (8) Å. The Br—Si—Si bond angles are 104.83 (3)° and the Si—Si—Si bond angles are 113.69 (2)°, reflecting the steric hindrance …

Cerberus-Type Trisanionic Trisnhc And Its Zwitterionic Gold And Silver Complexes, Maleek Montgomery, Daniela Tapu

Master of Science in Chemical Sciences Theses

While early efforts have been made to explore the chemistry of neutral multitopic nonchelating N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), limited progress has been made in the development of their anionic counterparts. This thesis describes the synthesis and characterization of a novel trianionic NHC. The corresponding thione was generated through an NMR experiment of the free carbenes with an excess of sulfur. The utility of this novel triscarbene as a ligand in organometallic chemistry has been proven by the construction of homotrimetallic systems. The resulting zwitterionic metal complexes of type [(MPPh)₃(NHC)] (M = Au or Ag) have been fully characterized by …

Crystallographic Exploration Of Fundamental Technetium Species At Nonambient Conditions, Daniel S. Mast

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The study of mater under extreme conditions has yielded fascinating insight into the physical and chemical nature of materials that under more modest conditions are considered mundane but have quite unusual properties when under pressure. Examples of this are the lightest of elements found in the first two rows and in the heaviest elements of the lanthanide and actinide series. Pure elements, though the simplest possible chemical systems, have proven to be among the most complex and interesting. Technetium metal is a simple HCP transition metal that, due to its half-filled d-shell, has a rich chemistry and an important place …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Zinc(Ii) Dipyrrin Photosensitizers, Norah Alqahtani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction transforms CO2 to useful chemicals and fuels, reducing CO2 emissions and making fossil fuels more renewable. Due to a lack of earthabundant sensitizers, we want to design new earth-abundant sensitizers to go with the many known carbon dioxide reduction catalysts. Zn(II) dipyrrin complexes strongly absorb visible light, but their excited state properties have not been widely studied. To investigate their photophysical properties, two Zn dipyrrin complexes, with and without heavy atoms, were synthesized and characterized by NMR and mass spectrometry. The photophysical properties of the two complexes were measured in polar and non-polar solvents, particularly fluorescence …

Oxidation Of Benzylic Alcohols And Lignin Model Compounds With Layered Double Hydroxide Catalysts, Justin K. Mobley, John A. Jennings, Tonya Morgan, Axel Kiefer, Mark Crocker

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Alcohol oxidation to carbonyl compounds is one of the most commonly used reactions in synthetic chemistry. Herein, we report the use of base metal layered double hydroxide (LDH) catalysts for the oxidation of benzylic alcohols in polar solvents. These catalysts are ideal reagents for alcohol oxidations due to their ease of synthesis, tunability, and ease of separation from the reaction medium. LDHs synthesized in this study were fully characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, NH₃-temperature programmed desorption (TPD), pulsed CO₂ chemisorption, N₂ physisorption, electron microscopy, and elemental analysis. LDHs were found to effectively oxidize benzylic alcohols …

Covalency Is Frustrating: La2sn2o7 And The Nature Of Bonding In Pyrochlores Under High Pressure–Temperature Conditions, Christian Childs, Keith V. Lawler, Andrew L. Hector, Sylvain Petitgirard, Ori Noked, Jesse S. Smith, Dominik Daisenberger, Lucile Bezacier, Marek Jura, Chris J. Pickard, Ashkan Salamat

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Research

Natural specimens of the pyrochlore (A2B2O7) compounds have been found to retain foreign actinide impurities within their parent framework, undergoing metamictization to a fully amorphous state. The response to radionuclide decay identifies pyrochlore systems with having high radiation tolerance and tailored use in radioactive waste applications and radionuclide sequestration. High pressure is a powerful pathway to high density states and amorphization with parallels to radiation-induced processes. Here, La2Sn2O7 is evaluated under extreme conditions via the combination of laser heating in a diamond anvil cell with X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The measurements are supported by ab initio random structure searching …

Development Of Chemistry Activities For Local Outreach In Stem, Emily Knight

Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects

Introduction: This research project was started because of an increase in outreach opportunities for the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry. For similar opportunities, we now have bins of content that are simple to use, encouraging more students to participate in volunteer research.

Purpose: to find, modify, and/or create grade-level appropriate labs and demonstration activities for 5th-8th graders, with a specific focus on activities hat involve easily available components. These activities are intended to be used for outreach to local schools by chemistry student volunteers and released online to act as a resource for teachers.

Educational Resources: Polymers, Emily Knight

Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects

The document is meant to act as a resource for elementary through middle school teachers, featuring a science activity connected to Indiana state standards with grade-appropriate science connections aimed toward 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th grade.

This document contains 3 polymer-based activities demonstrating different properties of polymers - the physical characteristics, possible absorbency, and elasticity. These activities can be abbreviated and used in rotating stations, planned over multiple days, or you can pick on that fits best with the classroom environment.

Educational Resources: Ionic Matching, Emily Knight

Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects

The document is meant to act as a resource for elementary through middle school teachers, featuring a science activity connected to Indiana state standards with grade-appropriate science connections aimed toward 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th grade.

The entire point of this piece is simply to introduce balancing charges in ionic compounds. This is a simpler method to get students thinking about the idea, which also makes it suitable for pre-high school students. It gives a visual representation of how charges balance and cow cations pair with anions. At this level, it is very similar to least common denominator calculations.

Educational Resources: Homemade Fluorometer, Emily Knight

Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects

The document is meant to act as a resource for elementary through middle school teachers, featuring a science activity connected to Indiana state standards with grade-appropriate science connections aimed toward 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th grade.

Educational Resources: Exchange Rates And Unit Conversion, Emily Knight

Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects

The document is meant to act as a resource for elementary through middle school teachers, featuring a science activity connected to Indiana state standards with grade-appropriate science connections aimed toward 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th grade.

Students might have experience in 3rd-6th grade with converting basic ideas such as volume and measurements. This is intended to expand that idea and introduce the mole. It's also a general interactive conversion/exchange activity. All items in here are just based on what we had available and convenient, so feel free to swap out items such as rubber stoppers with something more easily available …

Educational Resources: Curie Point Engine, Emily Knight

Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects

The document is meant to act as a resource for elementary through middle school teachers, featuring a science activity connected to Indiana state standards with grade-appropriate science connections aimed toward 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th grade.

The Curie point of a metal is the temperature at which it loses its magnetic characteristics. Heat can cause magnets to stop being magnetic, which is why heating up magnets is not advised. The engine works because the Curie point of nickel is 354 degrees Celsius, a temperature that can be reached with a simple candle flame. Included are instructions about how to build …

Educational Resources: Magnets, Emily Knight

Chemistry & Biochemistry Student Projects

No abstract provided.

Photochemical Investigation Of High-Valent Metal-Oxo Intermediates Containing Corrole And Light-Harvesting Porphyrin Ligands, Jonathan Malone

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

In enzymatic and synthetic catalytic oxidations, high-valent iron-oxo intermediates play a vital role as the active oxidant. In this regard, many synthetic metal catalysts are designed as biomimetic models to resemble the active site of Cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450) which are the predominant oxidation catalysts in nature. Vitamin B12 cofactors, with a corrole-like structure corrin, are also utilized in some of the more difficult reactions in nature such as rearrangement and reductase reactions.

In this work, application of the promising photochemical method to corrolecontaining ligands systems showed much success in the generation of manganese(V)-oxo corrole intermediates using two electron-deficient corrole …