Anatomy Commons^™

Specialized Late Cingulo-Opercular Network Activation Elucidates The Mechanisms Underlying Decisions About Ambiguity, Jordan E. Pierce, Nathan M. Petro, Elizabeth Clancy, Caterina Gratton, Steven E. Petersen, Maital Neta

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

Cortical task control networks, including the cingulo-opercular (CO) network play a key role in decision-making across a variety of functional domains. In particular, the CO network functions in a performance reporting capacity that supports successful task performance, especially in response to errors and ambiguity. In two studies testing the contribution of the CO network to ambiguity processing, we presented a valence bias task in which masked clearly and ambiguously valenced emotional expressions were slowly revealed over several seconds. This slow reveal task design provides a window into the decision-making mechanisms as they unfold over the course of a trial. In …

Caudal Dmn Neurons Innervate The Spleen And Release Cart Peptide To Regulate Neuroimmune Function, Nobuhide Kobori, Anthony N Moore, John B Redell, Pramod K Dash

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Inflammation is a fundamental biological response to injury and infection, which if unregulated can contribute to the pathophysiology of many diseases. The vagus nerve, which primarily originates from the dorsal motor nucleus (DMN), plays an important role in rapidly dampening inflammation by regulating splenic function. However, direct vagal innervation of the spleen, which houses the majority of immune and inflammatory cells, has not been established. As an alternative to direct innervation, an anti-inflammatory reflex pathway has been proposed which involves the vagus nerve, the sympathetic celiac ganglion, and the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. Although sympathetic regulation of inflammation has been shown, …

The Effect Of Genetic Taste Status On Swallowing: A Literature Review, Theresa S. Lee, Angela M. Dietsch, Rana H. Damra, Rachel W. Mulheren

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

Purpose

Swallowing and taste share innervation pathways and are crucial to nutritive intake. Individuals vary in their perception of taste due to factors such as genetics; however, it is unclear to what extent genetic taste status influences swallowing physiology and function. The purpose of this review article is to provide background on genetic taste status, review the evidence on the association between genetic taste status and swallowing, and discuss research and clinical implications.

Method

A comprehensive literature review was conducted using search terms related to swallowing and genetic taste status. Studies were included if they investigated the main effect of …

Alcapa – A Rare Cause Of Effort Angina In An Adult: A Case Report, Henita Joshna Menezes, Raghav R. Nagpal, Sonia R B D'Souza, Ramachandran Padmakumar

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: ALCAPA – ‘Anomalous Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery’, it is an infrequent congenital cardiovascular abnormality distinguished by the ‘left coronary artery’ originating from the ‘pulmonary artery’ in place of its normal origin, the aorta. Failing to treat this critical condition, might result in myocardial ischemia, left ventricular dysfunction, and a risk of sudden heart-related death.

Clinical manifestations: Exertional chest pain and fatigue since 6 months.

Diagnosis, therapeutic intervention, and outcomes: The diagnosis was established with the help of transoesophageal echocardiography and coronary angiogram. Surgical repair by Left Coronary Artery reimplantation was done with a successful outcome.

Conclusion: …

Stellate Ganglion Block For Refractory Raynaud’S Phenomenon- A Case Report, William J. Naber Ii, Derik J. Scribner, Gabriel Howard

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

Introduction: Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is predominately a sympathetically mediated ischemic vasospastic disease involving the distal limbs and is associated with sharp pains, numbness, and dermatological color changes. The symptoms are commonly induced by cold weather, stress, and trauma and it is known to affect 4.85% of the population. There are few well-defined treatments for patients with RP that are refractory to 1st-line therapies. We present a case of intractable RP with corresponding response to stellate ganglion block (SGB) which demonstrates the efficacy profile and safety of SNS blocks in treatment of resistant RP.

Methods: Per Bon Secours Mercy Health …

Preparing For The Unexpected: Recognizing A Tortuous Thoracic Aorta During Ultrasound-Guided Thoracentesis, Michael Choi, Jessica Roettger, Christopher J. Smith

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

Ultrasound-guidance has become the standard of care for bedside thoracentesis. This manuscript describes the importance of utilizing point-of-care-ultrasound (POCUS) and color Doppler in avoiding an unusual, but potentially catastrophic aortic puncture during thoracentesis. The case describes a 70 year-old man who presented with one week of shortness of breath. He was found to have a large left-sided pleural effusion on imaging studies. During a bedside POCUS examination, he was found to have a hyperechoic linear structure in his posterior left hemithorax. Ultrasound application of color Doppler revealed a pulsatile flow, confirming visualization of the aorta. The site of needle insertion …

An Overview Of Risk Factors For Androgenetic Alopecia Among Women At Pasar Ambacang, Kuranji, Padang, Lidya Aprilia Sugma, Satya Wydya Yenny, Roslaili Rasyid

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a patterned hair loss due to chronic and progressive miniaturization of hair follicles. Hair represents femininity and self-confidence in women. Therefore, AGA may affect the quality of life and psychology in women. This study aims to describe the risk factors for AGA in women living in Pasar Ambacang Sub-district, Kuranji District, Padang City.

Method: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study that included 40 women with AGA. Interviews with subjects were conducted. This study was approved by the Health Research Ethics Committee at Universitas Andalas (252/UN.16.2/KEPK-FK/2021)

Results: AGA was mostly found on patients …

Scientometric Evaluation Of The Global Research In Acne Disease, Aida Khakimova, Oleg Zolotarev, Engin Senel

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Although acne is one of the most common diseases, medical literature lacks a scientometric analysis relevant to this disorder. In the present study we aimed to perform a scientometric evaluation of literature related to acne.

Methods: Publications were identified by searching for the term «acne» in PubMed. Papers from different countries were then identified by using the Advanced Search Builder. The indicators for evaluating of the absolute and relative increase in number of articles were proposed.

Results: Dynamic publication of activity is compared according to our proposed indicator - The Average Relative Growth Rate. After 1945 …

Lucio Phenomenon In Pregnancy: A Histopathology Review, Siti Efrida Fiqnasyani, Triasari Oktavriana,, Ervina Rosmarwati, Dita Eka Novriana, Ambar Mudigdo

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Lucio phenomenon (LP) is a reaction occurring in lepromatous, non-nodular, diffuse leprosypatients who have not received multidrug therapy (MDT). The diagnosis of LP are based on clinical features and supported by histopathological examination. This report was conducted to establish a diagnosis of LP byhistopathological examination, considering that cases of LP in pregnancy are quite rare so that clinicians can be more precise.

Case: A 35-year-old pregnant woman complained of extensive ulcers on her hand and legs. Madarosis, saddle nose, and earlobes were found A slit skin smear examination showed a bacterial index of +4 and a morphological …

The Effectivity Of Ultrasound-Guided Platelet-Rich Plasma Perineural Injection In Improving Leprosy Sensory Peripheral Neuropathy, Herwinda Brahmanti, Arif Widiatmoko, Dhelya Widasmara, Diane Tantia Sari, Shahdevi Nandar Kurniawan, Widodo Mardi Santoso, Ristiawan Muji Laksono, Abdul Gofur

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Sensory nerve damage is the earliest leprosy sign which can lead to disability. Previous studies showed that autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) perineural blind injection can stimulate leprosy sensory nerve regeneration. Our study provided a safer and more accurate PRP agent delivery method through ultrasound-guided injection and was the first to compare PRP versus standard neuropathy treatment, the neurotropic vitamin. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of combination therapy of ultrasound-guided PRP perineural injection and oral vitamin B complex compared to single oral vitamin B complex in sensory peripheral neuropathy of posterior tibial nerve in leprosy patients.

Challenges In Diagnosing Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome In Children With Kwashiorkor: A Case Report, Christie Hamdali, Sondang Sirait, Adria Rusvita, Bawono Bhakti

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a type of exfoliating skin disease with high incidence in children. This condition can cause serious morbidity and even mortality with certain comorbid diseases such as malnutrition. Malnutrition could mask the diagnosis of SSSS because of its similarity to numerous differential diagnoses. Accuracy of clinical diagnosis is then essential to determine the proper initial management. This case report presents a 6-month-old male baby with staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and kwashiorkor. The patient presented with complaints of multiple erythematous plaques and widespread vesicular lesions that subsequently ruptured, resulting in erosions. Physical examination revealed edema, coarse …

The Effect Of Topical Oatmeal (Avena Sativa) On Hydration-Related Skin Disorders: A Systematic Review, Karenina Novani Sugondo, Melyawati Hermawan

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: In recent years, interest in developing cosmetics and beauty products based on natural ingredients has increased. The addition of herbal extracts to products could improve the effectiveness of therapy. One of the natural ingredients that can be found is oatmeal. Oatmeal has been used for a long time and has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as a skin protective agent since 2003. This study aims to systematically review the literature to determine the effect of topical oatmeal (Avena sativa) on hydration-related skin disorders.

Methods: A total of 9,538 studies were found in the database sources …

Zosteriform Cutaneous Metastases From A Carcinoma Mammae, Kharisma Yuliasis Widiasri, Ayu Wikan Sayekti, Novian Febiyanto, Elliana Wahyuanggradewi, Jeffrey Giantoro, Satiti Retno Pudjiati, Hanggoro Tri Rinonce, Agnes Sri Siswati

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Cutaneous metastases were reported in 18.6-26.5% of breast cancer patients. Zosteriform cutaneous metastasis is an unusual and rare morphological variant. Clinicians, especially dermatovenereologists, should consider dermatomal cutaneous metastases in oncology patients aside from herpes zoster, which is common in this population.

Case Illustration: A 62-year-old woman presented with clustered papules and vesicles with an erythematous base, sometimes painful, on the right side of the chest in T5-T7 dermatomal distribution of 1-month duration. She had undergone a radical mastectomy for breast carcinoma and had been receiving chemoradiotherapy, which was completed in March 2018. A diagnosis of zosteriform cutaneous …

Therapy Selection For Tinea Corporis And Cruris With Commorbidity: 3 Case Series, Yefta Yefta, Dwi Retno Adi Winarni, Agnes Sri Siswati

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Dermatophytosis is a superficial (skin, hair and nails) fungal infection caused by dermatophyte group fungi (Trichophyton, Epidermophyton and Microsporum). Immunocompromised conditions cause fungal infections to become more widespread and require consideration of therapy.

Case Illustration: This case series represented three cases of tinea corporis and tinea cruris in patients with comorbidities. The first case was tinea corporis and tinea cruris in a patient with congestive heart failure with oral terbinafine therapy. The second case was tinea corporis and tinea cruris in a patient with bilateral fourth degree hydronephrosis with oral griseofulvin therapy. The third case was tinea …

Targeting Cgas/Sting Signaling-Mediated Myeloid Immune Cell Dysfunction In Time, Vijay Kumar, Caitlin Bauer, John H. Stewart

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Myeloid immune cells (MICs) are potent innate immune cells serving as first responders to invading pathogens and internal changes to cellular homeostasis. Cancer is a stage of altered cellular homeostasis that can originate in response to different pathogens, chemical carcinogens, and internal genetic/epigenetic changes. MICs express several pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on their membranes, cytosol, and organelles, recognizing systemic, tissue, and organ-specific altered homeostasis. cGAS/STING signaling is a cytosolic PRR system for identifying cytosolic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in a sequence-independent but size-dependent manner. The longer the cytosolic dsDNA size, the stronger the cGAS/STING signaling activation with increased type 1 interferon …

Systemic Review Of Clot Retraction Modulators, Alaina Guilbeau, Rinku Majumder

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Through a process termed clot retraction, platelets cause thrombi to shrink and become more stable. After platelets are activated via inside-out signaling, glycoprotein αIIbβIII binds to fibrinogen and initiates a cascade of intracellular signaling that ends in actin remodeling, which causes the platelet to change its shape. Clot retraction is also important for wound healing. Although the detailed molecular biology of clot retraction is only partially understood, various substances and physiological conditions modulate clot retraction. In this review, we describe some of the current literature pertaining to clot retraction modulators. In addition, we discuss compounds from Cudrania trucuspidata, Arctium lappa, …

Partial Support In Chronic Heart Failure, Bart Meyns, Walter Droogne, Steven Jacobs

The VAD Journal

Partial left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support offers several advantages in treating chronic heart failure. It also raises concerns about insufficient support, worsening symptoms, and impediment of myocardial recovery. The clinical trial results for the CircuLite device (Medtronic) have shown that close monitoring can ensure improved outcomes for partial support. Another study on the ovine model demonstrated that partial and full support have similar effects regarding reverse remodeling. Thus, patients receiving partial LVAD support need regular follow-up care. Clinical assessment of symptoms and organ function must be used alongside objective judgment of patients’ needs to ensure support levels are appropriately …

Lower Socioeconomic Status Is Associated With Premature Brain Aging, Natalie Busby, Sarah Newman-Norlund, Sara Sayers, Roger Newman-Norlund, Janina Wilmskoetter, Chris Rorden, Samaneh Nemati, Sarah Wilson, Nicholas Riccardi, Rebecca Roth, Lisa Johnson, Dirk B. Den Ouden, Julius Fridriksson, Leonardo Bonilha

Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Methods

Resistance Training And Running Performance And Economy: A Literature Review, James Bottrill

University Honors Theses

Running performance is largely determined by maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂ max), velocity at VO₂ max, fractional utilisation of VO₂ max and running economy. Running economy is relatively under-researched and could be improved by resistance training because of its neuromuscular underpinnings. However, existing research on this topic is quite unorganised and inconclusive and is yet to prove a direct linkage between resistance training, running economy and performance. This literature review aimed to provide an organised overview of the existing literature, identify and address confounding variables and provide recommendations for future research. A search for studies was conducted via …

Incubation With Porcine Urinary Bladder Matrix Yields A Late-Stage Wound Transcriptome In Endothelial Cells And Keratinocytes Isolated From Both Diabetic And Non-Diabetic Subjects, John T. Paige, Daniel J. Lightell, Hunter F. Douglas, Natasha C. Klingenberg, Thaidan Pham, T. Cooper Woods

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Proper wound closure requires the functional coordination of endothelial cells (ECs) and keratinocytes. In the late stages of wound healing, keratinocytes become activated and ECs promote the maturation of nascent blood vessels. In diabetes mellitus, decreased keratinocyte activation and impaired angiogenic action of ECs delay wound healing. Porcine urinary bladder matrix (UBM) improves the rate of wound healing, but the effect of exposure to UBM under diabetic conditions remains unclear. We hypothesized that keratinocytes and ECs isolated from both diabetic and non-diabetic donors would exhibit a similar transcriptome representative of the later stages of wound healing following incubation with UBM. …