Cardiovascular System Commons^™

A 12-Lead Ecg Database To Identify Origins Of Idiopathic Ventricular Arrhythmia Containing 334 Patients, Jianwei Zhang, Guohua Fu, Kyle Anderson, Huimin Chu, Cyril Rakovski

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Cardiac catheter ablation has shown the effectiveness of treating the idiopathic premature ventricular complex and ventricular tachycardia. As the most important prerequisite for successful therapy, criteria based on analysis of 12-lead ECGs are employed to reliably speculate the locations of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmia before a subsequent catheter ablation procedure. Among these possible locations, right ventricular outflow tract and left outflow tract are the major ones. We created a new 12-lead ECG database under the auspices of Chapman University and Ningbo First Hospital of Zhejiang University that aims to provide high quality data enabling detection of the distinctions between idiopathic ventricular …

Follow Up Care For Heart Failure Patients And Association With Hospital Readmission, Supraja Thunuguntla, Michael Machiorlatti, Sonya Rivera, Juan Cortinas Galvan, Jose Campo Maldonado

School of Medicine Publications

Background:

The CDC reports 6.5 million adults in the US have Heart failure (HF) with yearly costs topping 30 billion. HF patients admitted to Valley Baptist (VB) are readmitted 26% of the time, which is close to the national average of 23% [1]. Standard of care for HF patients is remote nursing care for 30 days from discharge. A hospitalization for any reason within 30 days is considered a “readmission”. On October 1, 2019 at VB remote nursing care changed from weekly house visits to weekly phone calls. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of this …

Predicting Bleeding And Thrombosis Complications In Patients With Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assist Devices, Kyle Zacholski, William Kuan, Justin Mccann Mccann, Aric Schadler, Aaron Cook, Sara Parli, Adam Sieg

The VAD Journal

Background: Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) therapy has been proven to relieve heart failure symptoms and improve survival, but is not devoid of bleeding and/or thrombotic complications. Risk stratification tools have been utilized in other cardiovascular disease populations to estimate the risk of bleeding and thrombosis with and without anticoagulation, including the HAS-BLED, HEMORR₂HAGES, CHADS₂ and CHA₂DS₂-VASc models. The study objective was to evaluate the predictive value of available risk models for bleeding and thrombotic complications in patients with an LVAD within one year of implantation.

Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center analysis …

Syllabus For Clinical Exercise Physiology (Kine 4700), Phillip Drouet

Q2S Enhancing Pedagogy

The syllabus has newly developed learning objectives that will prepare students entering the field of clinical exercise physiology. This course will cover the etiology and pathophysiology of many chronic diseases that plague the population. Assessments of chronic diseases include but are not limited to understanding symptomology will also be covered. Due to the limitations in time the most prevalent chronic disease will be covered and students will have to present on a disease that was not presented in class. The practical application portion of this course will take place during a lab section. Here students will have the opportunity to …

Optimal Multi-Stage Arrhythmia Classification Approach, Jianwei Zhang, Huimin Chu, Daniele Struppa, Jianming Zhang, Sir Magdi Yacoub, Hesham El-Askary, Anthony Chang, Louis Ehwerhemuepha, Islam Abudayyeh, Alexander Barrett, Guohua Fu, Hai Yao, Dongbo Li, Hangyuan Guo, Cyril Rakovski

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Arrhythmia constitutes a problem with the rate or rhythm of the heartbeat, and an early diagnosis is essential for the timely inception of successful treatment. We have jointly optimized the entire multi-stage arrhythmia classification scheme based on 12-lead surface ECGs that attains the accuracy performance level of professional cardiologists. The new approach is comprised of a three-step noise reduction stage, a novel feature extraction method and an optimal classification model with finely tuned hyperparameters. We carried out an exhaustive study comparing thousands of competing classification algorithms that were trained on our proprietary, large and expertly labeled dataset consisting of 12-lead …

A 12-Lead Electrocardiogram Database For Arrhythmia Research Covering More Than 10,000 Patients, Jianwei Zhang, Jianming Zhang, Sidy Daniako, Hai Yao, Hangyuan Guo, Cyril Rakovski

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

This newly inaugurated research database for 12-lead electrocardiogram signals was created under the auspices of Chapman University and Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine) and aims to enable the scientific community in conducting new studies on arrhythmia and other cardiovascular conditions. Certain types of arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation, have a pronounced negative impact on public health, quality of life, and medical expenditures. As a non-invasive test, long term ECG monitoring is a major and vital diagnostic tool for detecting these conditions. This practice, however, generates large amounts of data, the analysis of which requires considerable …

Steps-T Program Improves Endovascular Treatment Outcomes Of Acute Ischemic Stroke; A 6-Year Study, Ameer E. Hassan, Rani R. Rabah, Laurie Preston, Wondwossen G. Tekle

School of Medicine Publications

Background: Early endovascular recanalization of occluded vessels in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a major contributor to good clinical outcome. We report the analysis of all AIS patients throughout a 6-year experience following the deployment of a quality initiative aiming at improving care, speed and maintaining quality for AIS treatment.

Methods: Using a prospectively collected endovascular database at a comprehensive stroke center between 2012 and 2017, workflow/outcomes were recorded. There were no exclusion criteria. During the first year, a quality program employing “digital-object” technology, staff education, and workflow improvement was implemented to reduce time-to-treatment. Using electronic recording, workflow times were …

Left Ventricular Strains During Late Filling In A Preclinical Model, Saar Peles

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Understanding the mechanisms governing left ventricular function and dysfunction is critical to analyze cardiovascular disorders and gaining insights into possible therapies. Left ventricular function can be evaluated using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Cardiac displacements and corresponding strains are then computed from the imaging data. In measuring and assessing the left ventricle’s motion, images are taken either in the short axis (top-down) or long axis (side) views. In this project, we will use DENSE MRI data, which measures the displacements of individual tissue voxels during the cardiac cycle.

After extracting the myocardial tissue by segmenting the MR images, strains are computed …

Effects Of A Strength Training Intervention And Quality Of Life: Case Study On A Sedentary Adult Female, Lucas Frazier

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

The purpose of the project is to evaluate physiological and quality of life changes in a

sedentary, senior-aged (55 or older) female using a six-week strength training

intervention. This case study will instruct how to perform a push-pull-legs split

routine by going to the gym three times per week. Prior to the six week intervention,

both quantitative and qualitative variables will be collected to assess baseline data,

including the subject’s resting heart rate, resting blood pressure, grip strength, one-

repetition maximum on seven whole body exercises (dumbbell bicep curl, tricep

pushdown, barbell bench press, wide-grip lat pull-down, seated dumbbell press, …

Enhancement Of The Syncardia Total Artificial Heart For Pediatric Use, Margaret Clark, Madison Marks

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Pediatric patients with disorders and diseases of the heart have limited options with regards to implantable devices. Many of these implants are ventricular assist devices, which is not always suitable for a patient. Total artificial hearts (TAHs) have supported many adult patients until transplantation, and we believe that they could do the same for pediatric patients. SynCardia has the only Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved TAH devices. Since SynCardia is the only company with FDA approved TAHs, we decided to modify the design of the SynCardia TAH for use in pediatric patients without compromising the function of the current …

Individualizing Patient Care During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention To Reduce Operator Risk Adjusted Bleeding Rates: A Pre/Post Interventional Study, Sarah Brown

DNP Projects

OBJECTIVE: It is well documented that the most common problems associated with diagnostic and interventional angiography are major bleeding and vascular complications. While previous research and the American College of Cardiology (ACC) recommend the use of bleeding risk stratification tools, there is little evidence related to the use of bleeding avoidance strategies in the high-risk for bleeding population. This study aims to determine if individualizing access site and anticoagulation strategies based on bleeding risk stratification would positively impact NCDR Risk-Adjusted Bleeding Rates.

METHODS: This was a single-center pilot study utilizing retrospective chart reviews with pre/post design. Data was collected on …

Bioenergetic Functions In Subpopulations Of Heart Mitochondria Are Preserved In A Non-Obese Type 2 Diabetes Rat Model (Goto-Kakizaki), Nicola Lai, C. M. Kummitha, F. Loy, R. Isola, C. L. Hoppel

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

A distinct bioenergetic impairment of heart mitochondrial subpopulations in diabetic cardiomyopathy is associated with obesity; however, many type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients with high-risk for cardiovascular disease are not obese. In the absence of obesity, it is unclear whether bioenergetic function in the subpopulations of mitochondria is affected in heart with T2DM. To address this issue, a rat model of non-obese T2DM was used to study heart mitochondrial energy metabolism, measuring bioenergetics and enzyme activities of the electron transport chain (ETC). Oxidative phosphorylation in the presence of substrates for ETC and ETC activities in both populations of heart mitochondria in …

Endothelial Iqgap1 Regulates Leukocyte Transmigration By Directing The Lbrc To The Site Of Diapedesis, David P. Sullivan, Prarthana J. Dalal, Fanny Jaulin, David B. Sacks, Geri Kreitzer, William A. Muller

Publications and Research

Transendothelial migration (TEM) of leukocytes across the endothelium is critical for inflammation. In the endothelium, TEM requires the coordination of membrane movements and cytoskeletal interactions, including, prominently, recruitment of the lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC). The scaffold protein IQGAP1 was recently identified in a screen for LBRC-interacting proteins. Knockdown of endothelial IQGAP1 disrupted the directed movement of the LBRC and substantially reduced leukocyte TEM. Expression of truncated IQGAP1 constructs demonstrated that the calponin homology domain is required for IQGAP1 localization to endothelial borders and that the IQ domain, on the same IQGAP1 polypeptide, is required for its function in TEM. …

There Is No Association Between The Number Of Stent Retriever Passes And The Incidence Of Hemorrhagic Transformation For Patients Undergoing Mechanical Thrombectomy, Ameer E. Hassan, Hari Kotta, Umar Shariff, Laurie Preston, Wondwossen G. Tekle, Adnan Qureshi

School of Medicine Publications

Background: Previous research has focused on the association between hemorrhagic transformation (HT) incidence and pre-procedural variables (i.e., baseline variables) rather than the association between HT incidence and endovascular treatment (EVT) procedural variables (e.g., stent retriever passes).

Objective: To assess the association, if any, that exists between the number of stent retriever passes per procedure and the incidence of HT for patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy.

Methods: An endovascular database from a comprehensive stroke center was used to collect data on EVT patients treated with Trevo, Solitaire, or Penumbra stent retrievers from the years 2012 to 2017. Statistical analyses were conducted on …

The Late Stage Of Copi Vesicle Fission Requires Shorter Forms Of Phosphatidic Acid And Diacylglycerol, Seung-Yeol Park, Jia-Shu Yang, Zhen Li, Pan Deng, Xiaohong Zhu, David Young, Maria Ericsson, Ruben L. H. Andringa, Adriaan J. Minnaard, Chunmei Zhu, Fei Sun, D. Branch Moody, Andrew J. Morris, Jun Fan, Victor W. Hsu

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Studies on vesicle formation by the Coat Protein I (COPI) complex have contributed to a basic understanding of how vesicular transport is initiated. Phosphatidic acid (PA) and diacylglycerol (DAG) have been found previously to be required for the fission stage of COPI vesicle formation. Here, we find that PA with varying lipid geometry can all promote early fission, but only PA with shortened acyl chains promotes late fission. Moreover, diacylglycerol (DAG) acts after PA in late fission, with this role of DAG also requiring shorter acyl chains. Further highlighting the importance of the short-chain lipid geometry for late fission, we …

Evaluating The Epidemiology And Management Of Bovine Congestive Heart Failure, Adam Bassett

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

A form of congestive heart failure is increasingly reported as a cause of death in feedlot cattle located at moderate altitude (≤ 1,524 m.). Significant knowledge gaps exist in the epidemiology and management of this form of bovine congestive heart failure (BCHF) regarding frequency and timing of BCHF cases and ways in which beef cattle producers and veterinarians can mitigate this condition. These knowledge gaps present major barriers to understanding the mechanism of BCHF and mitigating the consequences of BCHF. The purpose of this thesis is to summarize current knowledge about BCHF, define gaps in knowledge for which more research …

Analyzing The Structural Properties Of Pulmonary Arterial Networks, Megan J. Chambers

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

Atypical Presentation Of Stemi With Cardiac Tamponade Related To Malignancy, Matthew J. Johnson, Rohan Penmetcha

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Cardiac tamponade and myocardial infarction are rare as the initial presentation of a malignancy. Here, we describe a case with an atypical presentation of a myocardial infarction due to a thrombus in the right coronary artery occurring in the setting of a pericardial effusion causing tamponade physiology related to malignancy. We present this unique case of myocardial infarction and cardiac tamponade as this was not caused by a type-A aortic dissection. In conclusion, we suggest that malignancy be considered in the differential diagnosis when these findings present together.

Using Peripheral Venous Pressure Waveforms To Predict Key Hemodynamic Parameters, Ali Zohair A Alalawi

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Analysis of peripheral venous pressure (PVP) waveforms is a novel method of monitoring intravascular volume. Two cohorts were used to study the hemodynamics change of the body state and its influence on the PVP using (1) dehydration setting with infants suffering from pyloric stenosis and (2) hemorrhage setting during a craniosynostosis elective surgery. The goal of this research is to develop a minimally invasive method of analyzing the PVP waveforms and find correlations with volume loss.

Twenty-three pyloric stenosis patients PVP were acquired at five stages and were divided into euvolemic, normal fluid volume, and hypovolemic, significant fluid loss. Seven …

A Perfusion Decellularization Heart Model - An Interesting Tool For Cell-Matrix Interaction Studies, Mihai Meșină, Ion Mîndrilă, Cristian Mesina, Cosmin Vasile Obleagă, Octavian Istrătoaie

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Objective. In this paper, we present a technique for whole human, pig, or rat heart decellularization in order to obtain a tool for cell-matrix interaction studies and to obtain the extracellular matrix scaffold with applications to the study of cardiac connective tissue architecture for tissue bioengineering.

Material and methods. In order to achieve tissue decellularization we present two separate protocols, the first for large animal hearts (e.g., pig hearts) and human hearts, the second for smaller hearts (e.g., rat hearts). We have performed the cardiac decellularization technique on 20 pig hearts, 5 human hearts, and 20 rat hearts.

Results. The …