Seasonal Changes In Vitro Digestibility Of Leaf And Pseudostem And Its Implications For Diet Digestibility Of Perennial Ryegrass Continuously Stocked With Sheep,
2024
AgResearch, NZ
Seasonal Changes In Vitro Digestibility Of Leaf And Pseudostem And Its Implications For Diet Digestibility Of Perennial Ryegrass Continuously Stocked With Sheep, H Clark
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The dry matter digestibility (DMD%) of 3 categories of leaf (youngest expanding leaf, youngest fully expanded leaf, older leaves) and the pseudostem in 3 late heading diploid perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cultivars (S23, Melle and Mascot) was estimated on 6 occasions during a single 6-month. grazing season. The cultivars were continuously stocked to maintain a sward height of 4 cm. Information on the DMD% of the plant parts was combined with details of the proportions of leaf and pseudostem consumed by the sheep to obtain an estimate of diet digestibility. Differences between cultivars in the DMD% of plant …
Analysis Of Undried, Unground Forage With A Visible-Near-Infrared Monochromator,
2024
The Pennsylvania State University
Analysis Of Undried, Unground Forage With A Visible-Near-Infrared Monochromator, J S. Shenk
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Near-infrared (NIR) instruments are now available that will analyse forage (hay, silage and pasture) for crude protein, fibre constituents and some elements without drying or grinding the sample. The accuracy of this new method of sample analysis is not quite as good as the accuracy of NIR analyses of dried and ground samples. However, given the sampling error associated with obtaining a representative forage sample from a load of hay, silo or pasture, this new method of analysis can provide useful information. In addition, instruments scanning the visible and the near-infrared spectrum can quantify forage colour as well as composition. …
Genotypes Of Dry, Mature Subterranean Clover Differ In Shear Energy,
2024
CSIRO
Genotypes Of Dry, Mature Subterranean Clover Differ In Shear Energy, S K. Baker, L Klein, E S. De Boer, D B. Purser
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Variation in voluntary feed intake accounts for about half of the variation in feeding value among forages, and shear or comminution energy is a good predictor of constraint to forage intake. We have developed a technique to determine the energies required to compress and shear green or dead feed material. Among 5 genotypes of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) there is a negative relationship between the energies required to compress and shear them, and the voluntary feed intake of them by sheep. The two genotypes that were most difficult to shear contained more stem and petiole than the other …
Sustainability Of African Farming Systems With Particular Reference To Soil Fertility, Multiple Cropping Systems And Weed Ingress In Smallholder Systems In Humid Tropical Africa, Bede N. Okigbo, Elly N. Sabiti
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Africa continues to face a food and agricultural crisis, the effects of which are sometimes exacerbated by drought and civil strife. The food crisis is the result of the inability of African countries in the humid tropical areas and other zones to produce enough food to satisfy escalating demand, owing largely to rapid population growth and pressures of modernisation. Furthermore, the inability of these countries to earn adequate incomes and the lack of food security, especially in some countries suffering from drought, civil strife or war, has resulted in increasing reliance on food aid to fulfil their food import requirements. …
Sustainability Of Forage-Livestock Production In Smallholder And Plantation Systems,
2024
Ministry of Agriculture, Philippines
Sustainability Of Forage-Livestock Production In Smallholder And Plantation Systems, F A. Moog
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Smallholder crop production and plantation systems in south-east Asia provide great opportunities for the expansion of the livestock industry in the region. Weeds and crop residues associated with crop cultivation are utilised efficiently with integration of fodder species in cropping systems. Native vegetation and introduced forage species under plantation support and increase animal production, respectively. Some socioeconomic factors and policies affecting utilisation of grasslands and plantations in relation to smallholder productions are discussed.
Role Of A Three-Strata Forage System In Sustaining Soil Fertility And Arable Crop Production,
2024
Udayana State University
Role Of A Three-Strata Forage System In Sustaining Soil Fertility And Arable Crop Production, M Suarna, I M. Nitis, K Lana, W Sukanten, S Putra
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A three-strata forage system (TSFS) experiment was carried out for 5 years to study the role of grass and herbaceous legume (first stratum), shrub legume (second stratum), and fodder trees (third stratum) in sustaining soil fertility and food crop production in a dryland farming area in Bali. The completely randomised design consisted of 2 sloping farming systems (TSFS and traditional system) and 9 replications. Each 0.25 ha TSFS consisted of 0.16 ha core area for food crops, a 0.09 ha peripheral area for Cenchrus ciliaris, Panicum maximum, Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Graham, S. hamata cv. Verano and Centrosema pubescens …
Increasing The Forage Supply And Cattle Production Through A Three-Strata Forage System,
2024
Udayana State University
Increasing The Forage Supply And Cattle Production Through A Three-Strata Forage System, K Lana, I M. Nitis, W Sukanten, S Putra, M Suarna
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
A three-strata forage system (TSFS) experiment has been can-ied out for 3 years to study the effect of first stratum (grass and ground legume), second stratum (shrub legume) and third stratum (fodder tree) in increasing forage supply and Bali cattle production in a dryland farming area in Bali. The completely randomised factorial design consisted of 2 farming systems (TSFS and traditional system 2) and 2 stocking rates (2 and 4 steers/ha) with 10 and 11 replications. The 0.2S ha TSFS plot was divided into a 0.16 ha core area for food crop, a 0.09 ha peripheral area for the pasture …
Problems And Prospects For Forage Improvement And Utilization In Ghana,
2024
Animal Research Institute, Ghana
Problems And Prospects For Forage Improvement And Utilization In Ghana, W S. Alhassan, P Barnes
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
About 70% of the Iota! land area of Ghana is potential grazing land. Mosl ruminant livestock feed is from range, Pasture research in Ghana started in 1938 with the establishment of various native grass and legume collections. These included the grasses Vetiveria fulvilbarbis and Andropogon canalicultaus and the shrubs Griffonia simplicifolia (Leguminosae) and Grewia carpinfolia (Tiliaceae). Considerable success has been made in the introduction and screening of exotic grasses and legumes including Cenchrus ciliaris and various Stylosanthes spp. Very few studies have been conducted on forage utilisation. With the growing awareness of agro-forestry schemes, there are prospects for improved forage …
Factors Restricting The Success Of Pasture Establishment In The Mid-Altitude Zone Of Yunnan Province, South-West China,
2024
Livestock and Pasture Research Centre, China
Factors Restricting The Success Of Pasture Establishment In The Mid-Altitude Zone Of Yunnan Province, South-West China, Li Shuan, Gao Zen Yin, Zhao Wen Hong
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Factors restricting success of pasture establishment were studied at Lunan Milk Goat Breeding Farm (24°51 'N; 1770 m) from 1989-1990. It was found that establishment was adversely affected by moisture stress, hard bare ground, infertile acid soil, storms, seedharvesting ants, crickets and birds. These factors resulted in physical loss of seed, loss of seed viability, failure of germinated seed to emerge or develop roots and mortality of seedlings, thus causing failure of pasture establishment, Measures to overcome these problems are: appropriate sowing time, good seedbed preparation and sowing technique, recommended fertiliser use and seed treatment with pesticides.
An Investigation In To The Cost Of Pasture Improvement In Yunnan Province, China,
2024
Research Centre of Livestock and Pasture, China
An Investigation In To The Cost Of Pasture Improvement In Yunnan Province, China, Li Shuan, Gao Zen Yun
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
To obtain information to guide our extension work, we investigated the cost of pasture improvement at 6 sites over Yunnan province in 1989. Results show that the costs (yuan/ha) were: 113-290 on seed, 8-326 on land preparation, 100-276 on fertilisation, 240-6350 on fencing and 77-140 on other items. There is no certain relation between the cost and the effect. There were some unreasonable costs on some items at every site. The cost could be more reasonable and the effect could be helter by Improving the scheme taken. This paper sets out the details of cost and effect at the 6 …
Recent Advances In Pasture Research And Development In Zambia With Special Reference To The Agro-Ecological Regions,
2024
Mount Makulu Research Centre, Zambia
Recent Advances In Pasture Research And Development In Zambia With Special Reference To The Agro-Ecological Regions, Jarsolav Kulich
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Zambia is a large country (7S2 972 km"Z) with a low population density (about 1 Olkm2), 3 distinct seasons and 3 a8f(!-ecological regions, Each region has a specific temperature and rainfall regime, The country has 2.6 million head of cattle of various breeds concentrated in regions of low (<700 mm) to moderate (8()()..1000 mm) annual rainfall with high to moderate temperatures, Calving and turn off rates are low in the traditional sector, Pasture research started 10 years ago. Work reported here was concentrated in each of the agro-ecologlcal regions. The results suggested that production from local breeds could be improved by adopting and integrating pasture farming.
Increasing Forage Quantity And Quality Through Mixed Cropping In Kuestan, Iran,
2024
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran
Increasing Forage Quantity And Quality Through Mixed Cropping In Kuestan, Iran, A Kashani, J Bahrani
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
It was concluded from 3 years of trials in Iran that oats-clover and barley-clover mixtures produced more forage than their pure stands and than medic mixtures. Nitrogen topdressing increased the forage yields of mixtures. Since mixtures are more nutritious and balanced as feed for livestock, their planting is recommended for the region.
Influence Of Phosophogypsum On Bahiagrass Production,
2024
University of Florida
Influence Of Phosophogypsum On Bahiagrass Production, J E. Rechcigl, I S. Alcordo
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Phosphogypsum, a byproduct of phosphoric acid production, is 85-93% gypsum and is a potential source of sulphur and calcium for crops. Phosphogypsum is presently accumulating at the rate of more than I SO million tonnes annually world wide. A field study was conducted for 2 years to evaluate the influence of phosphogypsum on bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) production in Florida. Treatments consisted of 5 rates of phosphogypsum (0, 0.2, 0.4 and 1.0 Mg phosphogypsum/ha applied annually and 2.0 and 4.0 Mg phosphogypsum ha applied at a one time application). Treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomised complete block …
Influence Of Selected Horizon Combinations Of A Spodosol On Bahiagrass Yield And Quality,
2024
University of Florida
Influence Of Selected Horizon Combinations Of A Spodosol On Bahiagrass Yield And Quality, H Ibrikci, J E. Rechicigl, E A. Hanlon
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In recent field studies, bahiagrnss (Paspalum notatum Flugge), a major forage crop in Florida, did not respond lo added Phosphorus fertiliser even though preplant Mehlich I (Ml) soil test indicated very low extractable P (<10 mg/kg). Surface (Ap), E, spodic (Bh) horizons of a Spodosol, limed spodic horizon (BhL), and commercial builders sand were packed into cylindrical plastic bags in selected combinations. The combinations were Ap-B-S, Ap-E-Bh, Ap-E-BhL, and sand. P was applied in 2 rates as O and 60 kg P/ha to selected bags. Bahiagrass sod with its stolon-root system was collected from an unfertilised bahiagrass field, then placed on the soil surface within the growth bags. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomised design with 4 replicates in a glasshouse. Total forage yield, root dry weight, root growth and distribution were determined in each bag over a period of 175 days. Total forage dry matter was increased with addition of 60 kg P/ha in all treatments. Root growth was not influenced by treatments but dry root weight was different in each treatment. Overall forage crude protein content was not influenced by treatments.
Nutrient Cycling Via Forage Litter In Tropical Grass-Legume Pastures,
2024
CIAT
Nutrient Cycling Via Forage Litter In Tropical Grass-Legume Pastures, R J. Thomas, M Fisher, C Lascano, I M. Rao, M Ayarza, N Asakawa
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Monthly rates of litter production were compared in pastures of Brachiaria dictyonenra either alone or in associations with Centrosema acutifolium or Stylosanthes capitata at low (I) medium ( 1.5), or high (2.0 animals/ha) stocking rates. Even though litter biomass at the start of grazing differed between treatments, after 3 months' grazing there were no differences either between grass or grass-legume pastures or between stocking rates in monthly rates of litter production. There were large differences in the quality of pasture litter however, the associations having 3- to· 4-fold greater concentrations of N, P and Ca compared with grass-only pastures …
New Panicum Maximum Cultivars For Diverse Ecosystems In Brazil,
2024
EMBRAPA
New Panicum Maximum Cultivars For Diverse Ecosystems In Brazil, L Jank, J C.G Costa, Y H. Savidan, C B. Do Valle
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
In 1982 a collection of 426 accessions of Panicum maximum (guinea grass) representative of its natural variability, was introduced co Brazil through a co-operative agreement with Prance. After 2 years of agronomic and morphological evaluation of this germplasm in small plots in Campo Grande, MS, 25 accessions were selected to be tested in diverse ecosystems throughout Brazil. The national network of evaluation was established in January 1988, over 7 states of the country: 2 in the humid tropics, 3 in the savannas, 1 towards the north-east coast and 1 in the subtropics. Agronomic variables studied were dry season and year-round …
Agronomic Evaluation Of Brachiaria Germplasm In Brazil,
2024
EMBRAPA-CNPGC
Agronomic Evaluation Of Brachiaria Germplasm In Brazil, C B. Do Valle, S Calixto, M C. Amexquita
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
Increasing demands for new cultivars of grasses adapted to the acid soils of tropical savannas and resistant to spittlebugs (Homoptera:Cercopidae) led CIAT to organise collections of Brachiaria spp. germplasm in eastern Africa in the 1980s. Over 800 accessions were assembled and distributed to various countries. Bmpresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropeculiria (BMBRAPA) received about 300 accessions which are being evaluated with the objective of selecting superior Brachiaria cultivars to be released to farmers. This paper reports on the agronomic performance of 184 accessions belonging to 5 different species, evaluated for 2 years in small plots, in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. Parameters …
Climatic Variation In The Monsoonal Subtropics Of China And Its Effect On Grassland Farming,
2024
UNDP-NZ-China Co-operation Project
Climatic Variation In The Monsoonal Subtropics Of China And Its Effect On Grassland Farming, Jizhou Ren, Xianglin Li, P.N P. Matthews
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The subtropical regions of China, making up 28% of the total area of the country, are characterised by 3 types of ecological environment as a result of effects of the monsoon climate: Indian Ocean monsoondominated (dry winter-spring), Pacific Ocean monsoon-dominated (hot, dry summer), and highland transitional (moderate) types. Bach of these has specific patterns of humidity (referred to as K value) and pasture growth. The main constraints to and opportunities for grasshind farming in China's subtropics are highlighted.
Seasonal Yield Distribution Pattern Of Dryland Pastures In Yucatan, Mexico,
2024
Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan
Seasonal Yield Distribution Pattern Of Dryland Pastures In Yucatan, Mexico, I R. Armendariz, J B. Castillo, M E. Bolio, L Ramirez
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
An experiment was conducted in order to characterise the seasonal distribution of the dry malt er (DM) yield of buff el ( Cenclmis ciliaris), guinea (Panicum maximum) and llanero (Andropogon gayanus) swards under dryland conditions in Yucaufo, Mexico. Average rainfall is 952 mm - falling mainly in June-November. Treatments consisted of a factorial arrangement of grass species, and 3 series of plots rotationally 6 weeks with 2-week intervals between cuts, all allocated to 4 blocks on a Luvisol. Plot size was 3x4 m and the sampling area was 6.9 m2, The cutting height was 20 cm. Fertilisers …
Potential Yield And Adaptability Of Tropical Forages In Different Ecological Regions Of Burundi,
2024
ISABU
Potential Yield And Adaptability Of Tropical Forages In Different Ecological Regions Of Burundi, P Brandelard, O Ncamihgo
IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)
The permanent grasslands based mainly on Eragrostis olivacea are (disappearing in Burundi, because of the increasing density of small . farms. As a result, the integration of forage cultivation in the traditional farming systems becomes of vital importance for the survival of livestock production. A 5-year investigation on yields, nutritive value, persistence and adaptability to soil and altitude of several indigenous and introduced tropical forage grasses and legumes in various ecological regions of Burundi led to proposals that some well-adapted species and cultivars be distributed to farmers. Some species, like Tripsacum andersonii, Pennisetum purpureum and Desmodium intortmn, are quite …
