The Effect Of Cobalt Protoporphyrin And Cobalt Chloride On Heme Oxygenase Expression And Protection From Deoxycholate-Induced Apoptosis,
2010
Virginia Commonwealth University
The Effect Of Cobalt Protoporphyrin And Cobalt Chloride On Heme Oxygenase Expression And Protection From Deoxycholate-Induced Apoptosis, Tina Lawson
Theses and Dissertations
The inner surface of the stomach is lined by a mucous membrane known as the gastric mucosa. The integrity of the gastric mucosa is critical for protecting the stomach from the low pH and proteolytic environment within the lumen. Both clinically and experimentally, exposure of gastric mucosal cells to bile salts is known to cause injury. Bile salts present in duodenogastric reflux are thought to play a significant role in gastric ulcer formation and alkaline gastritis. In vitro, studies using physiologic concentrations of the secondary bile salt, deoxycholic acid, indicate that bile salts can induce apoptosis in cultured human gastric …
The Impact Of A Pilot Community Intervention On Health-Related Fitness Measures In Overweight Children,
2010
Middle Tennesee State University
The Impact Of A Pilot Community Intervention On Health-Related Fitness Measures In Overweight Children, Jenny G. Hutchens, Jennifer L. Caputo, Janet M. Colson, Richard S. Farley, Matthew S. Renfrow, Eric P. Seguin
International Journal of Exercise Science
The purpose of this study was to pilot a 5-week community-based intervention on improving measures of health-related fitness in overweight children. Data were obtained from 8 overweight and obese 8- to 14-year-old children. Measurements included muscular fitness (curl-ups and modified pull-ups), aerobic capacity (20 meter progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance run [PACER] test), body composition (tricep and calf skinfolds), body mass index (BMI), and flexibility (back saver sit-and-reach). A significant reduction in BMI was observed at post-test compared to baseline (p = .03). There was a significant decrease in body fat at post-test for boys (p = .013).
Resistance And Aerobic Training Sequence Effects On Energy Consumption In Females,
2010
University of Central Missouri
Resistance And Aerobic Training Sequence Effects On Energy Consumption In Females, Rachael Cutts, Steve Burns
International Journal of Exercise Science
Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of sequence of resistance and aerobic training on energy consumption on sedentary overweight females. Methods: Participants were 15 sedentary overweight females (age = 28.6 ±12 yrs; BMI = 28.1±7.8) Subjects did a counterbalanced intervention: resistance training (circuit training) first (intervention RT) or aerobic exercise first (intervention AT), while oxygen consumption was continuously measured for 80 min. Subjects performed a warm-up on the treadmill at 40% of their heart rate reserve for 5 minutes, then for 30 minutes did continuous walking or jogging on the treadmill at ~67% of their …
Longitudinal, Diet-Induced Weight Gain Is Associated With Increased Blood Monocytes And Reduced Tlr4 Expression,
2010
University of Houston - Main
Longitudinal, Diet-Induced Weight Gain Is Associated With Increased Blood Monocytes And Reduced Tlr4 Expression, Kelley Strohacker, Richard J. Simpson, Katie C. Carpenter, Whitney L. Breslin, Brian K. Mcfarlin
International Journal of Exercise Science
Excessive weight gain increases systemic inflammation resulting in increased disease risk. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) reportedly mediates increases in inflammation; however, its role has not been fully evaluated. Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine the longitudinal effect of diet-induced weight gain on blood monocyte concentration and cell-surface TLR4 expression. Research Methods & Procedures. Male CD-1 mice were randomly assigned to high-fat (HF, n = 12) or low-fat (LF, n = 13) groups. Non-lethal, saphenous vein blood samples were collected at 0, 4, 8 and 12 weeks of treatment. Three-color flow cytometry was used to measure monocyte (CD11b+/CD14+) …
Does A Physical Education Bout Alter Percent Body Fat And The Adiposity Health Risk Classification When Using Leg-To-Leg Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis In Girls?,
2010
Bloomsburg University
Does A Physical Education Bout Alter Percent Body Fat And The Adiposity Health Risk Classification When Using Leg-To-Leg Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis In Girls?, Elise Fitzgerald, Angela Fatool, Curt B. Dixon, Joseph L. Andreacci
International Journal of Exercise Science
Purpose: The purposes of this investigation were to determine: 1) whether a structured in-school physical education exercise bout altered percent body fat (%BF) determined by leg-to-leg bioelectrical impedance analysis (LBIA); and 2) whether the potential exercise-induced %BF magnitude of change altered the health risk classification of the child. Methods: Seventy-six girls (age: 12.2 ± 1.0 yr; height: 153.9 ± 7.5 cm; body mass: 51.9 ± 15.5 kg; BMI: 21.7 ± 5.4 kg/m2) participated in this investigation. LBIA measured %BF values were obtained immediately before and within five minutes after completing a structured, in-school, physical education class. Results: Significant reductions (p < 0.0001) in mean %BF (25.0 ± 10.2 vs. 24.4 ± 10.3 %) were observed for the group following the physical education class. For the majority of the girls (88%), the %BF alteration was less than ± 2.0 %BF. More specifically, the %BF magnitude of change was ± 1.0 %BF in 64.5% of the girls, between 1.1 and 2.0 %BF in 23.7% of the girls, and by more than 2.0 %BF in 11.8% of the girls. Regardless of the %BF magnitude of change, all girls remained in the same adiposity classification category (healthy vs. unhealthy body fat) following exercise. Conclusion: Adhering to the pre-test exercise guideline appears unnecessary when using LBIA to categorize the health risk of an adolescent girl.
Does Standing On A Cycle-Ergometer, Towards The Conclusion Of A Graded Exercise Test, Yield Cardiorespiratory Values Equivalent To Treadmill Testing?,
2010
Southern Arkansas University-Magnolia
Does Standing On A Cycle-Ergometer, Towards The Conclusion Of A Graded Exercise Test, Yield Cardiorespiratory Values Equivalent To Treadmill Testing?, Joshua Mitchell, William B. Kist, Kendall Mears, Jesse Nalls, Kyle Ritter
International Journal of Exercise Science
Graded exercise testing (GXT), per a cycle-ergometer (CE), offers safety and monitoring advantages over treadmill (TM) GXT. Unfortunately, CE-VO2max and some other cardiorespiratory (CR) variables are frequently lower than TM-GXT values. It has been difficult to compare TM and CE-GXT values. However, it was hypothesized that standing towards the conclusion of the CE-GXT (Stand-CE) might increase CE values to those equal to TM-GXT. If Stand-CE and TM-GXT CR values were equal, Stand-CE-GXT could become the method of choice for GXT for the general population. The purpose of this investigation was to investigate the effect of Stand-CE on CR variables. An …
Perceived Muscle Soreness In Recreational Female Distance Runners,
2010
University of Central Missouri
Perceived Muscle Soreness In Recreational Female Distance Runners, Dave Burnett, Steve Burns, Kevin Smith
International Journal of Exercise Science
ABSTRACT PERCEIVED MUSCLE SORENESS IN FEMALE RUNNERS D. Burnett†, K. Smith†, S. Burns‡, C. Smeltzer*, K. Young†. Health and Human Performance. University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, Mo; email: [email protected] Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if rating of perceived exertion correlated with perceived muscle soreness during delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in female runners. This study examined the pre and post running economy measures and perceived muscle soreness before and after a 30 minute downhill run (DHR) at - 15% grade and 70% of the subjects predetermined maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 peak). Methods: Six female recreational runners …
Monitoring Training Load In Indian Male Swimmers.,
2010
Sports Authority of India,Bangalore.
Monitoring Training Load In Indian Male Swimmers., Pralay Majumdar Dr., Sri Vidhya Jr.
International Journal of Exercise Science
The present study was taken up to monitor the training load and the impact of training load to the hormone concentrations such as testosterone, cortisol and T/C (Testosterone/Cortisol) ratio during the three phases of training viz preparatory phase, pre-competitive phase and competitive phase in Indian male swimmers. Blood samples were collected at the completion of each phase and the hormone concentrations were quantified. Our results reveal that the testosterone and T/C ratio significantly decreases whereas cortisol increases in the subsequent periodised cycle and concludes that the hormone concentration changes with the intensity and duration of exercise i.e. when the intensity …
Association Of Body Surface Area And Body Composition With Heart Structural Characteristics Of Female Swimmers,
2010
IA University, Najafabad Branch, Isfahan
Association Of Body Surface Area And Body Composition With Heart Structural Characteristics Of Female Swimmers, Bahreh Sheikh Saraf, Hojat Allah Nikbakht, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani
International Journal of Exercise Science
In healthy nonathletic populations, some left ventricle (LV) parameters such as LV mass (LVM) and LV end diastolic dimension (LVEDD) can be predicted by some of body size parameters such as body surface area (BSA), fat-free mass (FFM), and height (H). These body size parameters use to remove covariate influence of body size from cardiac dimension variables and allow comparisons to be made between individuals and groups of different body size. Endurance exercise has been associated with changes in LV size and body composition of athletes. The aim of this study was to evaluate in 30 trained female swimmers (age …
Objective And Subjective Assessments Of ‘Normal’ Walking Pace, In Comparison With That Recommended For Moderate Intensity Physical Activity,
2010
Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK
Objective And Subjective Assessments Of ‘Normal’ Walking Pace, In Comparison With That Recommended For Moderate Intensity Physical Activity, Kathryn L. Taylor, Claire Fitzsimons, Nanette Mutrie
International Journal of Exercise Science
Abstract Despite its common application and widely reported health benefits, walking, in relation to pace and intensity, is under-researched. Few studies have addressed whether people normally walk at a pace which meets the public health recommendations for moderate intensity physical activity (1.34-1.79 ms-1) and there is no known research on individuals’ perceptions of factors which influence walking pace. This study aimed to objectively assess if participants were reaching the pace required for moderate intensity physical activity during ‘normal’ walking. This was examined via a Global Positioning System (GPS) over a 1 km outdoor walk and a timed 150 m trial. …
Prevalence Of Plagiarism In Manuscript Submissions And Solutions,
2010
University of Houston - Main
Prevalence Of Plagiarism In Manuscript Submissions And Solutions, Brian K. Mcfarlin, T Scott Lyons, James W. Navalta
International Journal of Exercise Science
No abstract provided.
Recreational Cyclists: The Relationship Between Low Back Pain And Training Characteristics,
2010
James Cook University
Recreational Cyclists: The Relationship Between Low Back Pain And Training Characteristics, Samantha J. Schulz, Susan J. Gordon
International Journal of Exercise Science
This study investigated the relationship between low back pain (LBP) and training characteristics in recreational cyclists. Purposive sampling was used to recruit sixty-six recreational cyclists from nine cycling clubs. Participants completed a survey reporting training characteristics and LBP behaviour during a usual week of cycling. This included percent of time spent cycling in three common riding positions, cycling terrain, average cycling pace, number of gears, days per week cycled and number of cycling events per year. Fifty percent reported LBP during or after cycling or smoking and LBP. Cyclists who reported LBP cycled significantly further in a usual week of …
Delayed Wound Healing: Can Exercise Accelerate It?,
2010
Bowling Green State University
Delayed Wound Healing: Can Exercise Accelerate It?, K Todd Keylock, Hilary Young
International Journal of Exercise Science
Poorly healing wounds affect millions around the world, yet preventive methods and low-cost, effective treatments are few. Wounds heal quickly through well-coordinated phases in those who are healthy and active but can become chronically nonhealing as a result of disease and inactivity. Recently it has been reported that moderate aerobic exercise accelerated healing rates in the aged. High levels of inflammation are known to delay wound healing, and aging and disease are associated with chronically increased inflammation. Therefore, exercise may help speed healing by reducing inflammation to healthier levels not only in the aged, but also in other populations with …
Molecular Mechanisms Involved Involved In The Interaction Effects Of Hcv And Ethanol On Liver Cirrhosis,
2010
Virginia Commonwealth University
Molecular Mechanisms Involved Involved In The Interaction Effects Of Hcv And Ethanol On Liver Cirrhosis, Ryan Fassnacht
Theses and Dissertations
The leading causes of liver disease are Hepatitis C virus infection and chronic alcohol abuse. Alcohol accelerates liver disease in HCV but the mechanisms are poorly understood. The identification of molecular gene expression profiles on human liver tissue was performed using microarrays. Samples were obtained from alcoholic-cirrhotic, HCV-cirrhotic, HCV/alcohol-cirrhotic and control non-cirrhotic liver tissue. Probe set expression summaries were calculated using RMA. Probe set level linear models were fit where probe set expression was modeled by HCV status, alcohol status, and the interaction between HCV and Alcohol. HCV cirrhosis was associated with up-regulation of genes related to viral and immune …
Chronic Amp-Activated Protein Kinase Activation And A High-Fat Diet Have An Additive Effect On Mitochondria In Rat Skeletal Muscle,
2010
Brigham Young University - Provo
Chronic Amp-Activated Protein Kinase Activation And A High-Fat Diet Have An Additive Effect On Mitochondria In Rat Skeletal Muscle, Natasha Fillmore
Theses and Dissertations
Factors that stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle include AMPK, calcium, and circulating FFAs. Chronic treatment with either AICAR, a chemical activator of AMPK, or increasing circulating FFAs with a high fat diet increases mitochondria in rat skeletal muscle. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the combination of chronic chemical activation of AMPK and high fat feeding would have an additive effect on skeletal muscle mitochondria levels. We treated Wistar male rats with a high fat diet (HF), AICAR injections (AICAR), or a high fat diet and AICAR injections (HF+AICAR) for six weeks. At the end of …
Anti-Depressive And Anti-Obesity Changes Following Either Dietary Isoflavone Treatment Or Injection Treatment With The Isoflavonoid Equol: Positive Response Dependent On Animal Age And Ovarian Status In Female Long Evans Rats,
2010
Brigham Young University - Provo
Anti-Depressive And Anti-Obesity Changes Following Either Dietary Isoflavone Treatment Or Injection Treatment With The Isoflavonoid Equol: Positive Response Dependent On Animal Age And Ovarian Status In Female Long Evans Rats, Crystal Blake
Theses and Dissertations
Two conditions associated with ovarian depletion are increased potential for depressive episodes and increased abdominal weight gain. In five different experiments we examined the effect of soy-containing diets or equol injections on depression, serotonin levels, weight gain (BW) and white adipose tissue (WAT) deposition of female Long-Evans rats in various stages of life. Rats were intact, ovariectomized or experienced natural ovarian failure (NOF). While this paper will present each experiment, only experiment 5 is outlined here due to space limitations. From conception the rats were exposed to either a soy-rich (Phyto-600) or low-soy diet (Phyto-low). Animals experienced NOF at approximately …
Liver Kinase B1/Amp-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling In The Diaphragm,
2010
Brigham Young University - Provo
Liver Kinase B1/Amp-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling In The Diaphragm, Jacob D. Brown
Theses and Dissertations
The Liver Kinase B1 (LKB1)/AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway is a major regulator of skeletal muscle metabolic processes. During exercise, LKB1-mediated phosphorylation of AMPK leads to its activation, promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and glucose transport, among other effects. The roles of LKB1 and AMPK have not been fully characterized in the diaphragm. Two methods of AMPK activation were used to characterize LKB1/AMPK signaling in diaphragms from muscle-specific LKB1 knockout (KO) and littermate control (C) mice: (1) acute injection of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) and (2) 5-min direct electrical stimulation (ES) of the diaphragm. Diaphragms were excised 60 minutes post-AICAR injection and …
Concurrent Visual Feedback, Practice Organization, And Spatial Aiming Accuracy In Rapid Movement Sequences,
2010
University of Colorado at Boulder
Concurrent Visual Feedback, Practice Organization, And Spatial Aiming Accuracy In Rapid Movement Sequences, David E. Sherwood‡, Brian Duffell*
International Journal of Exercise Science
Int J Exerc Sci 3(2) : 78-91, 2010. While the availability of visual feedback is a well-known factor influencing the accuracy of rapid aiming movements, little is known about how vision might interact with a contextual variable like practice organization. In the current study, the interaction of concurrent visual feedback (CVF) and practice organization on aiming movement accuracy was investigated in the dominant limb of 40 college-aged participants. Participants performed “triplets” of rapid aiming movements with a lightweight lever in the sagittal plane involving short (20°), medium (40°), long (60°) distances and were randomly assigned to one of four groups …
Redox Status Affects The Catalytic Activity Of Glutamyl-Trna Synthetase,
2010
Universidad de Chile
Redox Status Affects The Catalytic Activity Of Glutamyl-Trna Synthetase, Assaf Katz, Ranat Banerjee, Merly De Armas, Michael Ibba, Omar Orellana
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Glutamyl-tRNA synthetases (GluRS) provide Glu-tRNA for different processes including protein synthesis, glutamine transamidation and tetrapyrrole biosynthesis. Many organisms contain multiple GluRSs, but whether these duplications solely broaden tRNA specificity or also play additional roles in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis is not known. Previous studies have shown that GluRS1, one of two GluRSs from the extremophile Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, is inactivated when intracellular heme is elevated suggesting a specific role for GluRS1 in the regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis. We now show that, in vitro, GluRS1 activity is reversibly inactivated upon oxidation by hemin and hydrogen peroxide. The targets for oxidation-based inhibition were …
Poisonous Rangeland Plants In San Luis Obispo County,
2010
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
Poisonous Rangeland Plants In San Luis Obispo County, Sara Litten, Amanda Ou
Animal Science
Poisonous Rangeland Plants in San Luis Obispo County is a comprehensive educational guide to rangeland plants that are toxic to domestic livestock. This guide begins with an exploration of how the biological systems are affected by the poisonous plant toxins. The biochemistry behind these toxins is included in the discussion. Next, reference material for fourteen plants that inhabit San Luis Obispo County is provided. This information includes specific toxins found in poisonous plants, affected animals, symptoms of poisoning, stages of growth, lethal dose, and distribution of the plant in California. This section of the guide is filled with helpful photos …
