Considerations For Studying Sex As A Biological Variable In Spinal Cord Injury,
2020
University of Kentucky
Considerations For Studying Sex As A Biological Variable In Spinal Cord Injury, Andrew N. Stewart, Steven M. Maclean, Arnold J. Stromberg, Jessica P. Whelan, William M. Bailey, John C. Gensel, Melinda E. Wilson
Physiology Faculty Publications
In response to NIH initiatives to investigate sex as a biological variable in preclinical animal studies, researchers have increased their focus on male and female differences in neurotrauma. Inclusion of both sexes when modeling neurotrauma is leading to the identification of novel areas for therapeutic and scientific exploitation. Here, we review the organizational and activational effects of sex hormones on recovery from injury and how these changes impact the long-term health of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. When determining how sex affects SCI it remains imperative to expand outcomes beyond locomotor recovery and consider other complications plaguing the quality of …
Long Qt Syndrome Type 2: Emerging Strategies For Correcting Class 2 Kcnh2 (Herg) Mutations And Identifying New Patients,
2020
University of Kentucky
Long Qt Syndrome Type 2: Emerging Strategies For Correcting Class 2 Kcnh2 (Herg) Mutations And Identifying New Patients, Makoto Ono, Don E. Burgess, Elizabeth A. Schroder, Claude S. Elayi, Corey L. Anderson, Craig T. January, Bin Sun, Kalyan Immadisetty, Peter M. Kekenes-Huskey, Brian P. Delisle
Physiology Faculty Publications
Significant advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that cause congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) have been made. A wide variety of experimental approaches, including heterologous expression of mutant ion channel proteins and the use of inducible pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) from LQTS patients offer insights into etiology and new therapeutic strategies. This review briefly discusses the major molecular mechanisms underlying LQTS type 2 (LQT2), which is caused by loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in the KCNH2 gene (also known as the human ether-à-go-go-related gene or hERG). Almost half of suspected LQT2-causing mutations are missense mutations, and functional studies …
Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, And Sleep Quality In Adults With Primary Hypertension And Obesity Before And After An Aerobic Exercise Program: Exerdiet-Hta Study,
2020
Universidad del Pais Vasco - Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Campus Álava
Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, And Sleep Quality In Adults With Primary Hypertension And Obesity Before And After An Aerobic Exercise Program: Exerdiet-Hta Study, Aitor Martinez Aguirre-Betolaza, Iñigo Mujika, Paul Loprinzi, Pablo Corres, Ilargi Gorostegi-Anduaga, Sara Maldonado-Martín
Faculty and Student Publications
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Background: The purposes of the study were to: analyze, by objective (accelerometry) and subjective (International Physical Activity Questionnaire, IPAQ) methodologies, the physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in healthy adults (HEALTHY, n = 30) and individuals with primary hypertension (HTN) and overweight/obesity (n = 218); assess the effects of an aerobic exercise intervention on physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep quality in the HTN group; and evaluate the relationship between objectively measured and subjectively reported PA and SB. Methods: The measurements were performed before a 16-week exercise intervention …
Impact Of Placement Of Fitbit Hr Under Laboratory And Free-Living Conditions,
2020
Kyung Hee University
Impact Of Placement Of Fitbit Hr Under Laboratory And Free-Living Conditions, Hyun Chul Jung, Minsoo Kang, Nan Hee Lee, Soeun Jeon, Sukho Lee
Faculty and Student Publications
© 2020 by the authors. Wrist-worn activity monitors have become accessible for measuring physical activities, but an activity monitor's accuracy worn at different placements is not well understood. This study aimed to examine the differences in measurements of heart rates, step counts, and calories estimated from the fitness tracker worn at different locations and the accuracy of Fitbit HR against criterion measures. Thirty-two healthy adults participated in this study. Participants wore Fitbit HR at four different locations (right proximal, distal, and left proximal, distal). Treadmill exercise consisted of five 5-min phases including slow walking and jogging. Free-living activities involved ten …
Determinants Of The Carbon Footprint Of German Swimmers 2020.,
2020
SUNY College Cortland
Determinants Of The Carbon Footprint Of German Swimmers 2020., Ann-Marie Muehlbauer
Master's Theses
The current climate situation is placing our planet and future generations at risk, which demonstrates the urgency to combat climate change and conduct research to support this effort. Calculating the carbon footprint of active sport participation represents an important opportunity to conduct additional research. This study examined the environmental attitudes and practices of swim club members in Germany. The study had three goals: First, to calculate the total and partial carbon footprint of German swimmers; second, to understand how sport organizations induce participants to engage in pro-environmental behavior; and third, to analyze various factors associated with carbon footprint, such as …
Impacts Of Tourism On The Ecophysiology Of The Endangered Northern Bahamian Rock Iguana (Cyclura Cychlura),
2020
Utah State University
Impacts Of Tourism On The Ecophysiology Of The Endangered Northern Bahamian Rock Iguana (Cyclura Cychlura), Alison C. Webb
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Increased interest in ecotourism over recent years has led to more direct human-animal interactions and a striking concomitant increase in the provisioning of non-natural food, that may have unintended consequences for the wildlife involved. The critically endangered Northern Bahamian Rock Iguana provides a valuable model to address the potential impact of food provisioning on health as there are populations that represent a graded variation in human presence, with sites experiencing high, low, or no tourism. To assess the potential impacts of tourism on iguana physiology I first reviewed the relevant literature on iguana physiology and then performed three investigations focusing …
Population Surveys And Health Assessments Of Captive And Free-Ranging Alligator Snapping Turtles,
2020
Missouri State University
Population Surveys And Health Assessments Of Captive And Free-Ranging Alligator Snapping Turtles, Samantha Louise Hannabass
Graduate Theses/Dissertations
Alligator Snapping Turtles (Macrochelys temminckii) have experienced range-wide declines primarily due to overharvest for the meat market and habitat degradation in the form of damming and channelization of rivers. Head-start programs and reintroduction efforts have been initiated to release individuals throughout their historic range. Before releasing Alligator Snapping Turtles, sites need to be assessed to determine the suitability of habitat, if there is a robust turtle community already present, and the causes of the original extirpation have been eliminated. I assessed the turtle communities and documented anthropogenic impacts (e.g. boat traffic) at nine possible reintroduction sites in southeastern …
Functional Training And Blood Flow Restriction: A Perspective View On The Integration Of Techniques,
2020
Universidade Federal de Sergipe
Functional Training And Blood Flow Restriction: A Perspective View On The Integration Of Techniques, Marzo E. Da Silva-Grigoletto, Ezequias Pereira Neto, David George Behm, Jeremy P. Loenneke, Cauê Vazquez La Scala Teixeira
Faculty and Student Publications
No abstract provided.
Assessing Well-Being Of Asian Elephants (Elephas Maximus) Through Major Events And Transitions, With Development And Aging, And Husbandry Changes,
2020
Portland State University
Assessing Well-Being Of Asian Elephants (Elephas Maximus) Through Major Events And Transitions, With Development And Aging, And Husbandry Changes, Sharon Stuart Glaeser
Dissertations and Theses
In this body of research, reproductive and adrenal hormones and behavior were used to evaluate individual and group responses to physiological, social, and environmental changes in zoo-housed Asian elephants, considering factors of sex, age, and life stage. Animals experience physiological, social, and environmental changes as part of their natural history and individual life experience. Measures of both positive and negative states are needed to assess the impact of these changes at the individual and group level. Such measures can help us better understand how animals cope with a changing environment, and can help inform management decisions. Through longitudinal analyses of …
Energy Stores And Life-History Transitions In Red-Sided Garter Snakes (Thamnophis Sirtalis Parietalis),
2020
Portland State University
Energy Stores And Life-History Transitions In Red-Sided Garter Snakes (Thamnophis Sirtalis Parietalis), Rachel Catharine Wilson
Dissertations and Theses
All organisms must prioritize investment in either reproductive or self-maintenance activities. Despite this established paradigm, our understanding of how organisms choose to prioritize certain behaviors and physiologies over others remains limited. It is likely that an organism's energy status not only influences variation in reproductive effort, but also transitions to and from reproductive activities. My dissertation aims to investigate how energy metrics (body condition index, adipocyte follicle size, and liver glycogen) relate to reproduction and associated life-history stages in red-sided garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis). Chapter two examines if energy metrics differ with migratory status and sex in …
The Influence Of Normalization Technique On Between-Muscle Activation During A Back-Squat,
2020
University of St. Thomas
The Influence Of Normalization Technique On Between-Muscle Activation During A Back-Squat, J Adam Korak, Brett D. Bruininks, Max R. Paquette
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 13(1): 1098-1107, 2020. Currently, no gold standard electromyography (EMG) normalizing technique exists when conducting between-muscle comparisons of muscle activity during isotonic resistance training exercises. The aim of this study was to assess if between-muscle activation during the back-squat differed among electromyography (EMG) normalization techniques when normalizing to: (1) 1 repetition maximum (1RM), (2) maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), and (3) the first of a set of three repetitions (Rep1%) in trained female lifters. Thirteen participants completed a back-squat 1RM, MVIC of the rectus-femoris (RF) and gluteus-maximus (GM), and three repetitions of the back-squat at 80% …
Effects Of Power-Endurance And Controlled Heavy Squat Protocols On Vertical Jump Performance In Females,
2020
Oklahoma State University
Effects Of Power-Endurance And Controlled Heavy Squat Protocols On Vertical Jump Performance In Females, Cameron S. Mackey, Ryan M. Thiele, Jessica Schnaiter-Brasche, Doug B. Smith, Eric C. Conchola
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 13(4): 1072-1085, 2020. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the immediate and acute vertical jump performance responses throughout and following two different free-weight back squat exercise protocols. Fifteen resistance-trained women (mean ± SD: age = 21.8 ± 0.9 years; height = 164.6 ± 8.4 cm; mass = 68.5 ± 9.2 kg) performed vertical jumps before (Pre), immediately after each set (S1-S5), and up to 20 minutes post squat exercise (Post0-Post20) of either a power-endurance (PE; 5×16 at 40% 1-RM) or controlled heavy (CHP; 5×8 at 80%) protocol. Participants’ jump height (JH), mean (MP), …
The Impacts Of Shoulder Position Sense, Vision, Racket Weight, And Gender On Racket Positioning Accuracy In Tennis Players,
2020
Angelo State University
The Impacts Of Shoulder Position Sense, Vision, Racket Weight, And Gender On Racket Positioning Accuracy In Tennis Players, Kaitlyn Collins, Sydney Young, You-Jou Hung
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 13(1): 1086-1097, 2020. Repetitive loading to the shoulder joint can compromise shoulder position sense, which may further contribute to injuries and performance deficits. The first goal of the study was to examine the correlation between shoulder position sense and racket positioning accuracy. The second goal of the study was to examine the impact of visual feedback, racket weight, and gender on racket positioning accuracy in tennis players. Fifty-eight tennis players participated in the study. Active shoulder position sense was examined in 3 abduction (45°, 90°, 135°) and 2 external rotation (45°, 90°) angles. For racket …
Effects Of Intermittent Fasting And Physical Activity On Salivary Expression Of Reduced Glutathione And Interleukin-1b,
2020
Davis & Elkins College
Effects Of Intermittent Fasting And Physical Activity On Salivary Expression Of Reduced Glutathione And Interleukin-1b, Colton Allen, Brandon Sellers, Mackinzie Smith, Alyssa Edwards, Kirsten Gateless, Bailey Aab, Kalee Sherrard, Carl Bolyard, Shawn Stover
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 13(7): 1063-1071, 2020. Previous research has consistently demonstrated that regular exercise promotes antioxidant production and decreases the expression of inflammation markers. However, there is very little research examining the effects of intermittent fasting (IF) on oxidative stress and inflammation. The present study investigated the hypothesis that a combination of IF and physical activity will reduce the need for glutathione (GSH) production by decreasing oxidative stress. In addition, it was hypothesized that a combination of IF and physical activity will significantly reduce inflammation, as indicated by a decrease in interleukin-1b (IL-1b) concentration. For three months, subjects …
Calculating An Equation To Estimate The Maximum Oxygen Uptake In Lifeguards,
2020
Universidade da Coruña
Calculating An Equation To Estimate The Maximum Oxygen Uptake In Lifeguards, Brais Ruibal-Lista, José Palacios-Aguilar, José Antonio Prieto, Sergio López-García, Miguel Santiago-Alonso, José Antonio Cecchini-Estrada, Cristian Abelairas-Gómez
International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education
The aim of this study was to derive an equation that validly and reliably estimates the VO2 reached in the IPTL, a maximum stress test for lifeguards. From the results obtained in the first part of the research, a multiple linear regression model was identified. A "stepwise" procedure was established as a variable selection method, where the VO2IPTL was selected as the dependent variable and the maximum time reached in the IPTL (s), the percentage of muscle mass (%) and weight of the participant (kg), as independent variables. This procedure generated a regression model where a high correlation …
Portuguese Lifeguards Performance In Aquatic Rescue: An Exploratory Study,
2020
University of Coimbra; Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education
Portuguese Lifeguards Performance In Aquatic Rescue: An Exploratory Study, Olga G. Marques Ph.D., José Palacios-Aguilar Ph.D, Henrique G. Melo Mcs., Nuno G. Leitão, Lucia P. Castillo Msc., David Szpilman M.D, Luís Rama Ph.D.
International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education
The objective of the study was to compare the performance of Portuguese lifeguards in two trials of simulated rescue at the beach within a regular continuous workday. Additionally, the study aimed to analyse the influence of experience and initial course syllabus on the rescue performance. A total of 86 Portuguese lifeguards (LG) participated in this study, 69 males and 17 females. The two simulated drowning occurrences were planned to occur at 50 meters from the coastline between 9.00h am and 18.00h pm. The weather conditions, the characteristics of the beach, wave amplitude were also controlled. The results were analysed through …
Determining Perceptions To Electronically-Delivered, Personally-Adaptive, Multimedia Exercise Prompts For Middle-Age Adults,
2020
University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Determining Perceptions To Electronically-Delivered, Personally-Adaptive, Multimedia Exercise Prompts For Middle-Age Adults, Paula-Marie M. Ferrara, Ethan T. Schaltegger, Cory Beaumont, Kelley Strohacker
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 13(5): 979-995, 2020. Due to high interaction rates, smart devices are being utilized for mobile health (mHealth) interventions. Multimedia capabilities may be leveraged to improve mHealth exercise interventions. Our purpose was to explore individuals’ perceptions of multimedia exercise prompts tailored to their immediate mental/physical states. Using electronic surveys, respondents provided in-the-moment ratings of emotional state, energy, fatigue, physical discomfort, and thirst, with higher scores reflecting a higher “readiness to exercise” (i.e., if a person is currently in a pleasant mood with high energy and low discomfort, he/she is likely to have a greater capacity for …
The Relationship Between Aerobic Test Performance And Injuries In Police Recruits,
2020
Tactical Research Unit, Bond University
The Relationship Between Aerobic Test Performance And Injuries In Police Recruits, Robin Marc Orr, Danielle Ferguson, Ben Schram, J. Jay Dawes, Robert G. Lockie, Rodney Pope
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 13(4): 1052-1062, 2020. Lower levels of fitness are associated with an increased risk of injury in police recruits. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between initial aerobic performance assessments and injury risk during police recruit training. Retrospective data from 219 police recruits undergoing training program at a state police training academy, including 20-m Multistage Fitness Test (MSFT) and 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test (IFT) scores and injury data, were collected. Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between levels of fitness (MSFT rs = - 0.292, p < 0.001: 30-15 IFT rs=- 0.315, p < 0.001) and rates of injury. Furthermore, a Pearson’s correlation showed a strong correlation between MSFT and the 30-15 IFT scores (r = 0.877, p < 0.001). Police recruits with lower fitness were at a higher risk of injury than those with higher fitness over the duration of a recruit training program. These findings indicate that aerobic performance assessments may be used by law enforcement agencies to estimate the relative risks of injury among cadets.
Reproducibility Of Objective And Subjective Markers Of Exercise Recovery In College Aged Males,
2020
University College Dublin
Reproducibility Of Objective And Subjective Markers Of Exercise Recovery In College Aged Males, Katie Coffey, Rachel Mccollum, Elizabeth Smyth, Eliza Casey, Jade Plunkett, Katy Horner
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 13(4): 1041-1051, 2020. This study investigated the reproducibility of objective and subjective parameters of recovery pre- and post-exercise in college-aged male athletes. Thirteen male (aged 19-22y) team sport players were assessed for a range of recovery markers before and 24 hours after a repeated sprint protocol. An identical procedure was followed one week later. Participants undertook two objective tests: creatine kinase (CK) and countermovement jump (CMJ) height; and two subjective tests: visual analogue scale (VAS) for muscle soreness and 5-item well-being questionnaire (WB). Coefficients of variation (CV) of CMJ and WB were lowest of all …
Anthropometrical And Physical Fitness Predictors Of Operational Military Test Performance In Air Force Personnel,
2020
Postgraduate Program in Operational Human Performance, Air Force University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL
Anthropometrical And Physical Fitness Predictors Of Operational Military Test Performance In Air Force Personnel, Raí Tripolone Silva, Fabio A D Campos, Leandra Cristina Benetti Campos, Monica Y. Takito, Edison M. Miron, Idico L. Pellegrinotti, Emerson Franchini
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 13(4): 1028-1040, 2020. The objective of this study was to verify the relationships between the anthropometrical and physical fitness parameters (measured by the Physical Conditioning Assessment (PCA) of the Aeronautics Command), with the operational performance in the simulated military task performance (SMTP) performed by the infantry military of a Brazilian Air Force (BAF) unit. These evaluations were performed on two distinct days, interspersed by 48h, with PCA on the first day and the SMTP in the second. The distribution of the dependent variable was not normal (Shapiro-Wilk test, p = 0.001). Data are presented as …
