Dairy Science Commons^™

Developing A Ninhydrin Assay To Determine Methionine And Lysine Loss From Rumen Protected Amino Acid Supplements, Ashley K. Miske

Honors Theses and Capstones

No abstract provided.

The Impact Staphylococcus Aureus Has On Conventional And Organic Dairy Herds In New Hampshire And New York, Jacqueline Rose Holmes

Honors Theses and Capstones

Staphylococcus aureus is a potentially virulent bacterium that causes mastitis in dairy cattle. The toxins produced from S. aureus impact host immunity, damage the mammary gland, and can adapt to cause antimicrobial resistance. It is important to manage both organic and conventional farms correctly by practicing proper hygiene while milking and providing a clean environment. There is a significant increase of S. aureus cases on organic farms compared to conventional, so there may be ways in which organic management and treatment options could be altered to reduce economic loss and animal suffering. The thesis focuses on the involvement S. aureus …

Effect Of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy On Milk Quality In Organic Dairy Cows, Kayla A. Young

Honors Theses and Capstones

Organic dairy systems are limited when it comes to the use of antibiotics and pharmaceuticals which creates opportunities to explore alternative treatments to promote cow health. Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy (PEMF), a form of electromagnetic stimulation, promotes various types of healing for both animal and human medicine. Our objective was to explore the effect of PEMF on milk yield and composition in organic dairy cows. Mid-lactation Jersey cows (n = 35) of various parities were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) control (CON; n = 12); no PEMF, 2) once daily PEMF (PEMF1; n = 12), …

The Effects Of Heat Stress On The Rumination In Lactating Dairy Cows, Kailey Anne Deighan

Honors Theses and Capstones

This study aimed to (1) investigate the association between Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) and rumination activity patterns in lactating dairy cows, and (2) explore the breed-specific impacts of THI on rumination time in Holstein and Jersey cows. The first hypothesis was that higher THI values would be associated with decreased rumination time (RT). The second hypothesis proposed that Holsteins, due to their lower heat tolerance, would experience greater reductions in RT than Jerseys under heat stress. From June 1 to October 1, 2024, daily climatic data were collected in New Hampshire using VisualCrossing to calculate THI. Each day was categorized into …

Safety, Immunogenicity, And Efficacy Of A Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Vectored Vaccine Against Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus And Heartland Bandavirus, Philip Hicks, Tomaz B. Manzoni, Jonna B. Westover, Raegan J. Petch, Brianne Roper, Brian B. Gowen, Paul Bates

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (STSV) is a recently emerged tickborne virus in east Asia with over 18,000 confirmed cases. With a high case fatality ratio, SFTSV has been designated a high priority pathogen by the WHO and the NIAID. Despite this, there are currently no approved therapies or vaccines to treat or prevent SFTS. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) represents an FDA-approved vaccine platform that has been considered for numerous viruses due to its low sero-prevalence in humans, ease in genetic manipulation, and promiscuity in incorporating foreign glycoproteins into its virions. Methods: In this study, we developed a …

Dairy & Food Science News, December 2024, Department Of Dairy And Food Science News

Dairy & Food Science News

Message from the Department Head
Faculty & Staff Updates
New Faculty Joining Our Department
Current Team of Faculty & Staff
Recruitment Updates & Opportunities
Extension Updates
Student Updates
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In Ovo Administration Of L. Animalis, B. Licheniformis, , Or Their Combination Influences Ross 708 Broiler Chick Hatch Performance And Immuno-Physiological Parameters, C. N. Beck, K.G.S. Wamsley, C. D. Mcdaniel, A. S. Kiess

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

There is a demand for novel pathogen mitigation strategies in antibiotic-free poultry production, which has triggered the development of various probiotic application methods. One application method is the in ovo (in egg) administration of probiotics on incubation day (d) 18, where the unhatched chick consumes a probiotic before hatch and prior to being exposed to environmental pathogens. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of in ovo L. animalis, B. licheniformis, or L. animalis + B. licheniformis (10⁶ cfu/50 mL L each) administration on hatch performance (N = 21 egg flats/treatment, 30 …

Examining Factors Of Variance In Energy Metabolism Of Dairy Cattle, Addison L. Carroll

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Variation is thought to occur in the use of dietary energy for production in dairy cattle. First, variance can be observed when new methane mitigation strategies are fed resulting in increased H₂ output potentially resulting in downstream effects on estimates of heat production via the Brouwer (1965) equation. Therefore, in chapter 3 a review was created to systematically describe the mathematics and theory behind the Brouwer equation, and rederive a heat production equation to integrate H₂ production. Results indicate heat production using the classical Brouwer equation (1965) relative to the rederived equation resulted in an overestimation of heat …

The Bacterial Cell Wall Components Lipopolysaccharide And Peptidoglycan Initiate Divergent Local Tissue And Systemic Inflammatory Response Profiles In The Chicken Model, Kristen A. Byrne, Gisela F. Erf

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

The innate immune system plays an important role in the early defense against pathogens. To better understand the chicken’s innate inflammatory responses, we concurrently examined the cellular responses at the injection site and in the blood following intradermal (i.d.) injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or peptidoglycan (PGN) into the pulp of growing feathers (GFs). Both LPS from Gram-negative bacteria and PGN from Gram-positive bacteria are potent stimulators of innate inflammatory responses. The time-course study conducted revealed similarly elevated levels of heterophils and macrophages in injected GF-pulps during the first 24 h for both LPS and PGN. However, PGN also stimulated rapid …

Economic Evaluation Of Grazing Steers On Summer Annuals Sod-Seeded Into Warm-Season Perennial Pasture, Ivanelle Meyer, Michael P. Popp, Christine C. Nieman, James L. Mitchell, Kenneth P. Coffey

Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objectives

Materials and Methods

Results and Discussion …

From Block To Shred: Understanding The Factors Influencing Shreddability Of Mozzarella Cheese, Gunvantsinh Rathod, Suresh Saatariya, Ram Kumar, Praveen Upreti, Prafulla Salunke, J.K. Amamcharla

Dairy Science and Food Science Faculty Publications: 2022 to Present

Mozzarella cheese (MC) is widely used for pizza ap- plications, and it is generally shredded either in conver- sion plants or in pizzerias. The shreddability of MC is influenced by a variety of factors and it is critical to understand how different Mozzarella cheese types and storage conditions (temperature and age) affect this prop- erty. Three batches each of 3 types of MC (low-moisture Mozzarella (LMM), low-moisture part-skim Mozzarella (LMPS), and reduced fat Mozzarella (RFM)) representing 3 different fat levels were procured directly from a com- mercial manufacturer and stored at 2 different tempera- tures (1.67 and 4.44°C) and evaluated …

A Comparison Of Inversion Test Holding Methods For Broilers, A. Perretti, S. Weimer

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objective, robust, and repeatable assessments of fear responses of poultry can lead to improvements in research techniques, the validity of test results, and ultimately bird welfare. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of 2 different holding methods on broiler fear responses during the inversion test, a standardized method of assessing fear in poultry. On D15 and D34 mixed-sex broilers (N = 80) were inverted and held either by their shanks (N = 40) or feet (N = 40) at arm's length away from the experimenter for 30 s. The frequency of wing flapping, head movement, attempts …

Differential Hepatic Expression Of Mirna In Response To Aflatoxin B1 Challenge In Domestic And Wild Turkeys, Kade Jorud, Kristelle M. Mendoza, Thomas Kono, Roger A. Coulombe, Kent M. Reed

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB₁) is a major foodborne mycotoxin that poses a significant economic risk to poultry due to a greater degree of susceptibility compared to other agricultural species. Domesticated turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) are especially sensitive to AFB₁; however, wild turkeys (M. g. silvestris) are more resistant. A lack of functional isoforms of hepatic glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), an enzyme that plays a role in the detoxification of aflatoxin, is suspected as the reason for the increased sensitivity. Previous studies comparing the gene expression of domesticated and wild turkeys exposed to AFB₁ identified …

In-Line Milk Progesterone Monitoring As A Tool For Precision Reproductive Management, Tony C. Bruinjé, Divakar J. Ambrose, Stephen J. Lebalnc

Dairy Science and Food Science Faculty Publications: 2022 to Present

In-line milk progesterone (IMP4) monitoring (Herd Navigator, DeLaval) is a technology that automatically detects onset of cyclicity, estrus, and pregnancy. Sampling starts at 20 DIM and occurs on average every 2 d until pregnancy. Estrus is detected based on a decline in progesterone (P4) concentrations below a threshold, and pregnancy is assessed from 30 to 55 d after AI in cows without return to estrus. Here, we review the potential of IMP4 as a tool for reproductive management. In a series of observational studies with up to 158,961 IMP4 records from 4,353 AI events, we characterized predictors of pregnancy per …

Impact Of Bypass Fat Supplementation On Milk Production And Weight Gain In Nili Ravi Buffaloes Under Southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's Geo-Climatic Conditions, Shahzeb Khan, Arsalan Khan, Asad Ullah, Abid Ullah, Amjad Ali, Safi Ullah, Imran Khan, Muhammad Yasir, Israr Ud Din, Atta Ur Rehman, Muhammad Rizwan, Jahangir Ali

Journal of Bioresource Management

This study was conducted to examine the effect of bypass fat supplementation on milk production, composition, and body weight gain in Nili Ravi Buffaloes living in the unique geo-climatic conditions of Southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Twenty lactating Nili Ravi buffaloes were randomly assigned to control and bypass fat supplementation groups in randomized, controlled experiment. Over the course of three months, data were collected on milk yield, milk composition, and body weight while environmental factors were considered. The bypass fat group gained significantly more weight on average than the control (p0.05). Bypass fat supplementation can substantially increase milk production, milk fat content, …

Risk Factors Of Bovine Clinical Mastitis And Antimicrobial Resistance Of Mastitis-Causing Escherichia Coli In Shandong, China, Liu Peng, Dongfang Hu, Jinjiao Zuo, Caihong Wu, Hui Lu, Zilong Cheng, Mengda Liu

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The culling of dairy cattle is closely related to the economic benefits of the farm. Many reasons can lead to the culling of cows. Among these, mastitis is the main reason for the serious economic loss of the dairy industry, and also the harm to global public health. However, little is known about cow culling situations, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence factors of mastitis-causing Escherichia coli in Shandong, China. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 16 randomly selected dairy herds to identify the reasons for cow culling, to assess the risk factors, and to isolate the major etiological agent of clinical …

Dairy Club Digest: Udderly Good Times, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

This is the 2024 Dairy Club Digest. The Diary Club Digest is published annually by the South Dakota State University Dairy Club. The Digest contains information and news about the activities and members of the SDSU Dairy Club for the academic year 2023 - 2024.

Pasture Data Reconciliation Of The South West Agricultural Zone Of Western Australia September 2024, Tafesse Estifanos, Amir Abadi Ghadim, Paul Mattingley, Kate Pritchett, Tony Della Bosca

Animal production and livestock published reports

Western Australia’s (WA) agricultural land use system features extensive pasture land vital for grazing sheep and cattle. Most pastures in the south west of Western Australia consist of annual species that grow during the cool, wet winters of the Mediterranean climate and senesce in the warm to hot, dry summers. Understanding the spatial distribution of pasture areas within the context of mixed farming is essential for developing effective land management strategies to enhance livestock production and profitability through balanced pasture supply and demand.

This report focuses on reconciling pasture area data for the south-west of Western Australia’s agricultural zone across …

Early 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3-Glycosides Supplementation: An Efficient Feeding Strategy Against Bacterial Chondronecrosis With Osteomyelitis Lameness In Broilers Assessed By Using An Aerosol Transmission Model, Andi Asnayanti, Khawla Alharbi, Anh Dang Trieu Do, Layla Al-Mitib, Kathrin Buhler, Jan Dirk Van Der Klis, Javier Gonzalez, Michael T. Kidd, Adnan A. Alrubaye

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO) lameness is a leg disorder in broilers leading to huge economic losses, food safety concerns, and animal welfare issues in the poultry industry. The active metabolite of vitamin D₃, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃, plays pivotal roles in mineral homeostasis, bone health, and immune systems which are essential for protection against BCO. Thus, we hypothesized that supplementation with a Solanum glaucophyllum-derived source of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (1,25(OH)₂D₃-glycosides) would be an effective measure to control lameness. Here, we report the optimum concentration of 1,25(OH)₂D₃-glycosides …

Assessment Of Novel Protein Ingredient Arthrospira Platensis And Soybean Genotype Amino Acid And Oil Selection Improvements On Broiler Performance For A 28-42 D Feeding Period, Savannah C. Wells-Crofton, Kenneth B. Nelson, Garrett J. Mullenix, Craig W. Maynard, Michael T. Kidd

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Two experiments were conducted to assess the efficiency of including the novel protein ingredient Arthrospira platensis or improved soybean meal in a broiler diet. The first experiment aimed to determine the feeding value of soybean meal produced from varieties of soybeans bred for increased amino acid content (SBAA) and improved oil content (SBO) compared to a conventional soybean variety in an ANOVA design fed to Cobb 500 female broilers for 28–42 d. The SBAA and SBO soybeans contained overall higher amino acid content and lower oligosaccharide content compared to the conventional soybean variety in addition to improved oil quality. The …