Economics Commons^™

Built By Hand, Run By Machine: Robots And The Uneven Displacement Of Native And Migrant Workers In Germany (2012-2024), Farida Mohamed Elkhosht

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigates whether industrial robot adoption generates differential employment effects for native and migrant workers across German local labor markets, using district-level data for 393 districts over 2012–2024. This question matters because Germany combines one of the world's highest concentrations of industrial robots with one of the largest migrant workforces in the OECD. Despite growing policy interest in the distributional effects of technological change, limited evidence exists on whether automation affects native and migrant employment differently within the same local labor markets. Using Bartik shift-share design to measure exogenous variation in robot exposure, the study finds that the effect …

Policy Coherence And Private Sector Development In Egypt: Aligning Governance Reforms With Development Finance, Shereef El Tanahi

Theses and Dissertations

Despite record volumes of development finance flowing into Egypt, the private sector, particularly its micro, small, and medium enterprises, has yet to experience the broad-based growth these investments were designed to catalyze. Between 2020 and 2025, international development partners committed more than 15.6 billion dollars to Egypt's private sector, yet private investment remains a modest share of the national economy, and most domestic firms continue to face severe barriers to credit.

This thesis argues that the answer lies not in the volume of capital mobilized, but in the coherence of the policies that govern how that capital reaches firms. The …

Bridging The Gap Between Career Expectations Versus Labor Market Realities, Reinette P. Madrid, Grethel T. Ledesma, Ignatius Aryono Putranto, Jyro B. Triviño

Leadership and Strategy Faculty Publications

Most students lack awareness regarding the labor market outcomes for their chosen college majors. This study aims to answer what factors affect the career expectations of graduating students at Quezon City University and how these expectations align with the prevailing labor market situation. It employed descriptive, causal, and explanatory research using a sample of 108 respondents from fourth-year information technology students for the school year 2021 to 2022. Eight of the nine null hypotheses were rejected by employing multinomial logistic and linear regression. Student fixed effects and other labor market outcomes significantly predicted salary, estimated stability, and estimated skills in …

Bayesian Linear, Heteroskedastic, Multilevel, And Dynamic Models For Assessing The Effects Of Policy Uncertainty, Green Finance, Innovation, And Environmental Stringency On Sustainable Economic Growth In Oecd Economies, Md Qamruzzaman, Abdulrahman Alomair, Abdulaziz S. Al Naim, Sylvia Kor

Student Publications [Scholarly]

This study analyzes how policy uncertainty, green finance, green innovation, and the stringency of environmental policy affect sustainable economic growth in OECD member countries from 1996 to 2023. Given the growing evidence that advanced economies are facing structural lock-ins, a lack of coherent policy credibility, and insufficient financial and innovative capabilities, the current study integrates these factors into a coherent empirical framework that continues to prevent disintegration in the current literature. Using environmentally adjusted multifactor productivity as a proxy for green economic growth, the analysis employs a panel of Bayesian econometric models that include linear, heteroskedastic, multilevel, random-effects, and panel …

Horizontal Regulatory Barriers In International Trade: Evidence From Electric Plugs, Yuan Mei, Mingzhi (Jimmy) Xu

Research Collection School Of Economics

Domestic policies regulating the horizontal dimensions of product differentiation can impede international trade and have become a major concern in contemporary trade negotiations. We estimate trade frictions associated with incompatible designs of electric plugs, a well-known example of a horizontal regulatory barrier. Our findings indicate that fewer electronic devices are exported to destinations with incompatible electric plugs, and this effect operates through both the extensive margin and the intensive margin of exports. These results are further corroborated by an online survey of Chinese electronics exporters. Moreover, incompatible plugs are associated with lower average quality of exported electronic devices, suggesting that …

Climate Transition Stress Testing For Corporate Credit Risk: A Replicable Data-Mining Pipeline Using Esg Risk Scores, Huynh Long Hung Nguyen, Alan @ Ali Madjelisi Megargel, Rajesh Krishna Balan, Paul Robert Griffin

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We present a replicable data-mining pipeline for illustrative, scenario-conditioned corporate distress analysis under feature decoupling. The pipeline links Compustat financial statements with Sustainalytics ESG Risk Rating records for 2,144 U.S. non-financial public firms, constructs a standardized Transition Risk Index (TRI), estimates a contemporaneous accounting-distress classifier, and applies transparent transition-cost sensitivities. Distress is defined as annual operating income insufficient to cover annual interest expense; interest coverage itself is excluded from the predictors. The resulting model is not a forward default forecast or a regulatory probability-of-default model. On a held-out cross-sectional test set, the logistic specification obtains AUC 0.909, PR-AUC 0.822, and …

Assessment Of The Potential Training Population Within Selected Neighborhoods In The City Of Chattanooga, Tennessee, Kathleen Bolter, Gerrit Anderson, Kyle Huisman

Upjohn Institute Technical Reports

This report provides a strategic analysis of the potential job training population of prime-age (25–54) “Recompete” residents within 14 identified census tracts in South and East Chattanooga, Tennessee. The data reveal a distinct population facing compounded physical and economic barriers that require a multisectoral approach beyond traditional skills training. The report offers neighborhood-specific strategies to improve stable employment through better access to training and other forms of transportation, childcare, and language assistance.

Educational Attainment Among Latinos In The New York Metropolitan Area 2000 - 2024., Laird W. Bergad

Center for Latin American, Caribbean, and Latino Studies

This report shows that between 2000 and 2024 Latinos have experienced a substantial rise in the percentage of college graduates 25 years of age and older. In 2000, 12% of all adult Latinos in the entire New York metro area had achieved a B.A. degree or greater. This more than doubled to 26% in 2024.

These higher levels of educational attainment led to higher household incomes. In 2024, Latino household heads in the New York metro region who had achieved a B.A. or higher degree earned median household incomes ($125,000) which were twice the incomes of those who had only …

Converging, But Not Together: Regional Growth After Eu Enlargement, Armine Kardashyan

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

Using annual NUTS-3 data for eleven Central and Eastern European member states from 2000 to 2023, this paper studies whether regional catch-up after EU enlargement reflects absolute or conditional convergence. I estimate rolling ten-year convergence regressions within a steady-state framework in which regional GDP per capita depends on investment, human capital, and EU exposure. The results show strong conditional convergence during the early and middle phases of enlargement: Regions above their predicted steady states grow more slowly, consistent with adjustment toward heterogeneous long-run targets. This relationship weakens over time and becomes statistically indistinguishable from zero in later windows. Absolute convergence …

Constructing The Cyber Workforce Gap: Measurement And Its Consequences, Ryan Straight

Journal of Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice

Cyber workforce-gap figures steer federal strategy, industry advocacy, and the growth of educational programs. Rather than estimating the U.S. gap, this review examines how the estimates are made: through job-posting analytics, survey-based estimation, and federal accounting, each of which must assume its way from instrument to labor market. A census of this journal's complete run illustrates what those figures underwrite in one venue: of 176 items published across eleven years, 51 invoke a labor-market workforce claim, 46 treat it as settled fact, and only one, an editorial, interrogates it. Meanwhile, the producers and auditors of those figures have diverged. Between …

The Profitability Of Racial Diversity And Gender Balance In Modern Hollywood, M. Garrett Roth, William Mcandrew

The Journal of Economics and Politics

This paper investigates the effects of racial and gender diversity in modern Hollywood. The primary objective is to determine if an objectively measurable increase in diverse casting over the last two decades has had a positive or negative impact on profits, and a secondary objective to measure diversity’s impact on critic scores. The study utilizes data focusing on the fifty most expensive films from 2003, 2008, 2013, 2018, and 2023. The findings indicate that profit is neither positively nor negatively affected by diversity, whether in ethnicity or gender. However, movie critic ratings are negatively affected by ethnic diversity when using …

21st Century Monetary Policy: The Federal Reserve From The Great Inflation To Covid-19, Greg Arburn

The Journal of Economics and Politics

No abstract provided.

Profit Shifting And Tax Avoidance: Evidence From Us Multinational Enterprises, Dimitris Giakoulas, Kostas Gemenis, Nikolaos Daskalakis

The Journal of Economics and Politics

In this paper, we investigate tax avoidance of MNEs through profit shifting to tax havens. Using macro data from US MNEs, we analyze at the host country level where US affiliates book their profits and where their actual production activities take place. We find that the effect of the corporate tax on excess profits is conditional on whether the host country is considered to be a tax haven. Among tax haven host countries, a difference of 1% in the corporate tax is associated with a change of 8-15% in excess profits, while the relationship between corporate tax and excess profits …

An Analysis Of Poverty Convergence: Evidence From Pennsylvania Counties, Angel Alcantara, Stephanie M. Brewer, James J. Jozefowicz

The Journal of Economics and Politics

This paper extends applications of unconditional and conditional β-convergence and σ-convergence analysis to poverty rates in a panel data sample of Pennsylvania counties during the period 1990-2019. Spatial structural breaks between rural and urban counties in Pennsylvania plus the possibility that Philadelphia County is an outlier are acknowledged to avoid spurious inferences. The findings support the existence of unconditional β-convergence in the pooled, urban, and rural samples with non-metropolitan areas exhibiting the greatest convergence. However, the largest conditional β-convergence is observed for urban counties, and this outcome is robust to the exclusion of Philadelphia County. Graphical evidence evinces a greater …

Unfinished Business, David Mcclough

The Journal of Economics and Politics

No abstract provided.

Journal Of Economics And Politics: Examining The Transition To An Online Publication, David Mcclough

The Journal of Economics and Politics

No abstract provided.

The Methodology Of Multiple Regressions For Gdp Per Capita For Nations In The World Between 0 Ce And 1940, Robert Rogers

The Journal of Economics and Politics

A reduced-form model of GDP per capita is estimated using the classical econometric method and two Bayesian techniques, Extreme Bounds Analysis (EBA) and Bayesian Analysis of Classical Estimation (BACE) for the two millenniums. For several variables, such as the impact of colonialism, the Goldstone hypothesis of efflorescence increasing economic growth, and the impact of technology, this paper lends support, especially when the Bayesian methods are applied. Other results are mixed. Generally, the results support use of Bayesian methods by eliminating hypotheses that are not consistently supported over all models.

The Value Of Everything: Making And Taking In The Global Economy, David Mcclough

The Journal of Economics and Politics

No abstract provided.

Information Cascades In The Classroom: The Relationship Between In-Class Feedback And Course Performance, Amanda C. Cook, James Bland, Andrew Meisner

The Journal of Economics and Politics

Technology is used in undergraduate courses to engage students and provide feedback about understanding. TopHat is an application which displays multiple choice questions mid-class. In this field experiment, we determine if displaying or hiding the distribution of peer responses has an impact on exam scores. When students see peer responses, we observe information cascades on both correct and incorrect answers. Getting an individual TopHat question correct predicts a 1.3 percentage point increase on final exam scores, however we find no difference in predictive power between treatments. Participating in one negative cascade predicts that a student will score approximately five percentage …

Re-Evaluating Subsidies For Services That Carry No Positive Externalities: A Benefit-Cost Analysis Of Convenience Loop Busing Versus Walking, Anthony N. Russo, Kevin J. Egan

The Journal of Economics and Politics

This paper seeks to provide a benefit-cost analysis of continuous loop busing service offered by The University of Toledo in Toledo, Ohio. The on-campus busing service is completely subsidized by the university through student fees and provided as a free service to students with less than one-quarter of students currently using the service. Using a contingent valuation survey, we estimate a lower bound mean willingness to pay (WTP) of about $6 per student user per semester. Multiplying by the student body population leads to a total WTP estimate of approximately $37,000 per semester. When compared solely to labor and fuel …

Firm Behavior In The Mid-Twentieth Century American Steel Industry, Robert Rogers

The Journal of Economics and Politics

In the period from 1920 to 1972, the American steel industry consisted of eight large companies and a fringe composed of small domestic producers and foreign firms exporting to the United States. The market structure made it unlikely that the industry behaved in a perfectly competitive fashion. Thus, oligopoly hypotheses on firm behavior such as Nash-Bertrand and Stackelberg leadership seem plausible. This paper estimates a BLP demand model for the industry, and it, then, uses the demand parameters to estimate price equations under the different behavioral assumptions. From the information in this model, tests are made to see which hypothesis …

Is Capital Expenditure Contagious? An Analysis Of Ucc Data From Ohio And Its Neighbors, Peter Vanderhart, Zheng Zeng

The Journal of Economics and Politics

Economic conditions are often observed to be correlated across space and time. One interpretation of this phenomenon is that economic activity is “contagious.” That is, good or bad conditions in one economic area may later cause similar conditions to occur in nearby areas. The prevalence and extent of these relationships is important to understand for those seeking to foster regional economic development.

We focus on capital equipment spending at the state level at a monthly frequency. This is possible given our access to a unique data set, the Randall-Reilley Capital Investment Index (RRCII). This index measures capital expenditure using Uniform …

To Pay Or Not To Pay: An Empirical Examination Of The Effect Of Injunctive Norms On Charitable Donations, David Mcclough, Randall Ewing, Susan Schertzer

The Journal of Economics and Politics

Charitable endeavors often face resource constraints and rely on altruism for monetary donations necessary to pursue mission-driven operations. Implementation of an honor-based payment system to attract donations attempts to eliminate some portion of the costs associated with fundraising activity. However, honor-based systems are not monitored and, therefore, susceptible to underpayment and theft. This study examines how posting a message communicating a negative injunctive norm affects charitable donations resulting from provision of a snack box using an honor-based payment system. The study finds that presentation of an injunctive norm dissuades contributions from donors inclined toward slight underpayment but does not deter …

Does Public Transit Affect Crime? The Addition Of A Bus Line In Cleveland, Morgan Neiss

The Journal of Economics and Politics

Public transportation affects crime rates in neighborhoods surrounding its implementation. It can give criminals easier access to potential targets and decrease the probability of getting caught, or it can give lower-income individuals better access to reliable transportation, which decreases the probability of those individuals getting involved in criminal activity. This paper analyzes available criminal data, property data, and public assistance data for the City of Cleveland to study the effects on property crime rate after the 2008 implementation of a public bus line. The paper's hypothesis is that there is a difference in the mean crime rate before and after …

Baseball’S Anti-Trust Exemption And Major League Baseball Labor Relations In The 20th Century, Shawn M. Smith

Bound Away: The Liberty Journal of History

Baseball, being America's pastime and the most popular sport in the professional ranks from the 1870s onward for at least another century beyond that, gives us a lens wherethrough we may see so much about American culture, economics and society during this time period. This work looks at baseball’s unique economic position throughout the 20th century and how it changed over the course of time. Baseball had an exclusive arrangement unavailable to other industries in that it had an anti-trust exemption, which was based on the 1922 Supreme Court decision in  Federal Baseball Club of Baltimore v. National League. …

All That Glitters Is Not Gold: Consuelo Vanderbilt And Transatlantic Marriages In The Gilded Age, Katie M. Cassady

Bound Away: The Liberty Journal of History

Between 1865 and the onset of World War I, wealthy American women increasingly married titled European men. These marriages played a critical role for both parties: the newly moneyed elite asserted its claim to social status, and depleted European nobility regained the funds so essential to their longevity. By 1915, 454 American heiresses had married into the European aristocracy. In one famous example, Consuelo Vanderbilt was forcibly wed to the ninth Duke of Marlborough. As the Vanderbilt family labored to assimilate themselves into old-money New York society, the opportunity to tie their family name to English nobility could catapult the …

The Non-Biblical Source Of Medieval Usury Prohibitions, Phil Gramm, Patrick Gray, Robert B. Ekelund

Journal of New Finance

Ecclesiastical and secular prohibitions of usury—often equated with any charging of interest on a loan—and their impact on commerce and economic progress in medieval Europe have long been recognized. In this paper we revisit one aspect of the debate, namely, the use of the ancient philosophical sources and the biblical texts by ancient and medieval writers. On the basis of a close reading of the Parable of the Talents (Matthew 25:14-30) and a review of the secondary literature devoted to it, we argue that in the New Testament Jesus attaches no moral stigma to moneylending. It is therefore surprising that …

Why Nevada Leaves So Much Federal Money Behind, The Lincy Institute

Lincy Institute Events

The Lincy Institute presents new research examining the history, politics, and policies that have caused Nevada to fare so poorly in accessing federal resources for decades and offer recommendations for how Nevada can more effectively interface with federal agencies to reverse this history. The event also features a panel discussion with nonprofit and former state and local government leaders.

Panel

Moderator — David Damore, Executive Director, The Lincy Institute

Panelists — Michael Brown, Fellow, The Lincy Institute — Lisa Corrado, Executive Director, Nevada Nonprofits — Miles Dickson, Chief Executive Officer, Nevada GrantLab — Yvanna Cancela, Chief of Staff, U.S. Representative …

Building A Defense Economy: World War Ii, Federal Investment, And Georgia’S Economic Transformation, 1940-1965, William Heath Taylor

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This dissertation examines how World War II transformed Georgia’s economy from a predominately rural, agricultural economy into a more diversified economy increasingly tied to federal investment, military activity, industrial production, transportation, and commerce. It argues that wartime mobilization accelerated this transformation by directing federal funds into military installations, defense industries, infrastructure, and public services while drawing workers into expanding centers of employment. Using federal records, census data, military publications, corporate reports, newspapers, and oral histories, the study examines Fort Benning, Robins Field, Camp Toccoa, Bell Aircraft, the Brunswick Shipyards, Delta Air Lines, and The Coca-Cola Company. These cases show how …

Upjohn Regional Economic Outlook, Vol. 1, No. 2, July 2026, Iryna V. Lendel, Chloe Wieber, Sevrin Williams, Gerrit Anderson, Lee Adams, Emily Petz

Reports

No abstract provided.