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Articles 3961 - 3990 of 7150
Full-Text Articles in Physiology
Effects Of Blocking Tlr 4 And Rage On The Progression Of Oa In The Tmj, David Mecham, David Kooyman
Effects Of Blocking Tlr 4 And Rage On The Progression Of Oa In The Tmj, David Mecham, David Kooyman
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease of the cartilage that affects more than 80% of Americans above the age of 65 (1). Many adults also suffer from Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD), and 80% of such individuals eventually develop Temporomandibular joint associated Osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) (2). Current pharmaceutical options target symptoms of OA, but there are no known treatments available. Research is being undertaken to elucidate the root causes of the disease at a cellular level. Our lab has previously shown that mice lacking the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products are protected from OA (3). Other researchers have shown that blocking …
Hyperosmolarity And Trophoblast Behavior In Gestational Diabetes, Preeclampsia, And Intrauterine Growth Restriction, Camilo Mejia, Juan Arroyo
Hyperosmolarity And Trophoblast Behavior In Gestational Diabetes, Preeclampsia, And Intrauterine Growth Restriction, Camilo Mejia, Juan Arroyo
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Pregnancy necessitates interactions between the mother and the fetus, and the placenta is the medium through which this is accomplished. Many complications during pregnancy, such as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and preeclampsia (PE) arise from abnormalities in trophoblast cells of the human placenta. Trophoblast cells form the connection between the fetus and the uterine wall. We see placental hyperosmolarity in pregnant patients with diabetes, and there are some reports of aberrant trophoblast functioning during IUGR and PE at term, but more needs to be studied regarding the hyperosmolar stress associated with these pathologies and its role in embryo development. Deviation …
Three-Dimensional Modeling Of Facial Nerve Vii, Dani Peterson, Jonathan Wisco
Three-Dimensional Modeling Of Facial Nerve Vii, Dani Peterson, Jonathan Wisco
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Due to its long and complicated trajectory through the cranium, facial nerve VII (CN VII) (see figure 1) can be damaged in surgeries, sometimes resulting in facial muscle paralysis. Surgical removal of acoustic neuromas and parotid tumors, in addition to surgical repair of the temporomandibular joint disorder are associated with a risk of damage to CN VII. In addition, insertion of auditory implants can damage the nerve, as can improper stimulation to the nerve after the implantation has occurred. This study’s focus was the creation of a three-dimensional (3D) model based off of data from dissection of the nerve in …
The Role Of Endocannabinoid Receptor Gpr55 On Learning And Memory, Bradley Prince, Jeffery Edwards
The Role Of Endocannabinoid Receptor Gpr55 On Learning And Memory, Bradley Prince, Jeffery Edwards
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Each year millions of people are affected by Alzheimer’s disease, one of the most common forms of dementia. Extensive research has shown that Alzheimer’s affects the hippocampus, the part of the brain principally responsible for learning and memory. The mechanisms responsible for learning and memory are just beginning to be elucidated, and a more comprehensive knowledge of them will be essential in order to understand the brain under normal situations as well as in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s. Studies in this area have sought to understand the causes and treatments of disease, but so far both the underlying physiology …
Utilization Of The Tgf-Β Signaling Pathway And Cell-Substrate Interaction In A Novel Anti-Cancer Drug Screen, Nicholas Saguibo, Dr. Marc Hansen
Utilization Of The Tgf-Β Signaling Pathway And Cell-Substrate Interaction In A Novel Anti-Cancer Drug Screen, Nicholas Saguibo, Dr. Marc Hansen
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The TGF-β signaling pathway has been researched extensively over the past few years, and has been shown to be active in the majority of metastatic tumors. Interestingly, tumors expressing TGF-β activity are positively correlated with poorer prognosis in patients, making it a logical target for cancer therapeutics. Furthermore, research conducted in our lab in recent years has demonstrated that the stiffness of the substrate upon which metastatic cancer cells are adhered plays a significant role in the rate of metastasis. To summarize: the harder the substrate, the higher the rate of metastasis. This same research has also demonstrated that softer, …
The Countering Effects Of Exercise On Stress Reduced Long-Term Potentiation In Mouse Hippocampi, Jacob Trotter, Dr. Jerffrey Edwards
The Countering Effects Of Exercise On Stress Reduced Long-Term Potentiation In Mouse Hippocampi, Jacob Trotter, Dr. Jerffrey Edwards
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The hippocampus is an area of the brain that mediates learning and memory by changing the properties of synapses between its neurons. This ability of synapses to change is known as synaptic plasticity. Long-term potentiation (LTP), a long-lasting increase in signal transmission between two neurons, is one of several phenomena underlying synaptic plasticity and is the cellular correlate of memory and learning. Several studies of LTP in mice show that there is a marked impairment of LTP in hippocampal slices taken from rodents exposed to stress. Their data suggests that stress may lead to deficits in learning and memory. In …
The Effects Of Stress And Exercise On Learning And Memory, Teresa Nufer (St. Pierre), Jeffery G. Edwards
The Effects Of Stress And Exercise On Learning And Memory, Teresa Nufer (St. Pierre), Jeffery G. Edwards
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Both stress and exercise have significant physiological effects. Researchers have studied these effects throughout the body, and current evidence suggests that exercise and stress also have profound effects on the brain. While stress decreases brain function, exercise has been show to enhance brain function. Recently, researchers have begun to investigate the effects of stress and exercise on the brain simultaneously, instead of studying the effects individually. Our lab has furthered these studies through the use of electrophysiology and behavioral experiments. Four groups of mice were studied: a control group, a group that experienced a chronic stress protocol, a group that …
Expressing And Characterizing Mechanosensitive Channels In Xenopus Oocytes, Grigory Maksaev, Elizabeth S. Haswell
Expressing And Characterizing Mechanosensitive Channels In Xenopus Oocytes, Grigory Maksaev, Elizabeth S. Haswell
Biology Faculty Research
The oocytes of the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) comprise one of the most widely used membrane protein expression systems. While frequently used for studies of transporters and ion channels, the application of this system to the study of mechanosensitive ion channels has been overlooked, perhaps due to a relative abundance of native expression systems. Recent advances, however, have illustrated the advantages of the oocyte system for studying plant and bacterial mechanosensitive channels. Here we describe in detail the methods used for heterologous expression and characterization of bacterial and plant mechanosensitive channels in Xenopus oocytes.
Bacterial Symbionts, Buchnera, And Starvation On Wing Dimorphism In English Grain Aphid, Sitobion Avenae (F.) (Homoptera: Aphididae), Fangmei Zhang, Xiangrui Li, Yunhui Zhang, Brad Coates, Xuguo Joe Zhou, Dengfa Cheng
Bacterial Symbionts, Buchnera, And Starvation On Wing Dimorphism In English Grain Aphid, Sitobion Avenae (F.) (Homoptera: Aphididae), Fangmei Zhang, Xiangrui Li, Yunhui Zhang, Brad Coates, Xuguo Joe Zhou, Dengfa Cheng
Entomology Faculty Publications
Wing dimorphism in aphids can be affected by multiple cues, including both biotic (nutrition, crowding, interspecific interactions, the presence of natural enemies, maternal and transgenerational effects, and alarm pheromone) and abiotic factors (temperature, humidity, and photoperiod). The majority of the phloem-feeding aphids carry Buchnera, an obligate symbiotic proteobacteria. Buchnera has a highly reduced genome size, but encode key enzymes in the tryptophan biosynthetic pathway and is crucial for nutritional balance, development and reproduction in aphids. In this study, we investigated the impact of two nutritional-based biotic factors, symbionts and starvation, on the wing dimorphism in the English grain aphid, …
The Endogenous Molecular Clock Orchestrates The Temporal Separation Of Substrate Metabolism In Skeletal Muscle, Brian A. Hodge, Yuan Wen, Lance A. Riley, Xiping Zhang, Jonathan H. England, Brianna D. Harfmann, Elizabeth A. Schroder, Karyn A. Esser
The Endogenous Molecular Clock Orchestrates The Temporal Separation Of Substrate Metabolism In Skeletal Muscle, Brian A. Hodge, Yuan Wen, Lance A. Riley, Xiping Zhang, Jonathan H. England, Brianna D. Harfmann, Elizabeth A. Schroder, Karyn A. Esser
Physiology Faculty Publications
BACKGROUND: Skeletal muscle is a major contributor to whole-body metabolism as it serves as a depot for both glucose and amino acids, and is a highly metabolically active tissue. Within skeletal muscle exists an intrinsic molecular clock mechanism that regulates the timing of physiological processes. A key function of the clock is to regulate the timing of metabolic processes to anticipate time of day changes in environmental conditions. The purpose of this study was to identify metabolic genes that are expressed in a circadian manner and determine if these genes are regulated downstream of the intrinsic molecular clock by …
Biological Significance Of Photoreceptor Photocycle Length: Vivid Photocycle Governs The Dynamic Vivid-White Collar Complex Pool Mediating Photo-Adaptation And Response To Changes In Light Intensity, Arko Dasgupta, Chen-Hui Chen, Changhwan Lee, Amy S. Gladfelter, Jay C. Dunlap, Jennifer J. Loros
Biological Significance Of Photoreceptor Photocycle Length: Vivid Photocycle Governs The Dynamic Vivid-White Collar Complex Pool Mediating Photo-Adaptation And Response To Changes In Light Intensity, Arko Dasgupta, Chen-Hui Chen, Changhwan Lee, Amy S. Gladfelter, Jay C. Dunlap, Jennifer J. Loros
Dartmouth Scholarship
Most organisms on earth sense light through the use of chromophore-bearing photoreceptive proteins with distinct and characteristic photocycle lengths, yet the biological significance of this adduct decay length is neither understood nor has been tested. In the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa VIVID (VVD) is a critical player in the process of photoadaptation, the attenuation of light-induced responses and the ability to maintain photosensitivity in response to changing light intensities. Detailed in vitro analysis of the photochemistry of the blue light sensing, FAD binding, LOV domain of VVD has revealed residues around the site of photo-adduct formation that influence the stability …
Physical Activity Participation For College Students With Learning Disabilities And Adhd, J L. Valis, M Gonzalez
Physical Activity Participation For College Students With Learning Disabilities And Adhd, J L. Valis, M Gonzalez
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
Mechanical Efficiency Of Repeated Jump Squats With Reduced Eccentric Load, M Tholis, G Moir, C Witmer, M Miltenberger, S Davis Facsm
Mechanical Efficiency Of Repeated Jump Squats With Reduced Eccentric Load, M Tholis, G Moir, C Witmer, M Miltenberger, S Davis Facsm
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
Quantifying Emergency Department Visits From Sport With A Focus On The Lower Extremity And Knee, M S. Tenan, J C. Ives
Quantifying Emergency Department Visits From Sport With A Focus On The Lower Extremity And Knee, M S. Tenan, J C. Ives
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
Sustained Acoustic Medicine For Improved Recovery From Tendinitis, R M. Taggart, S E. Henderson, G K. Lewis Jr.
Sustained Acoustic Medicine For Improved Recovery From Tendinitis, R M. Taggart, S E. Henderson, G K. Lewis Jr.
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
The Effect Of Training Status On Glycemic Control In A Collegiate Population, A Stouffer, T Ezolt, E Stein, K Wallace, J Sanders, W Braun Facsm
The Effect Of Training Status On Glycemic Control In A Collegiate Population, A Stouffer, T Ezolt, E Stein, K Wallace, J Sanders, W Braun Facsm
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
Effects Of Age And Sex On Muscle Function During Isovelocity Contractions., C N. Steele, A J. Fradkin Facsm, J L. Andreacci Facsm, A C. Veneziaz, E S. Rawson Facsm
Effects Of Age And Sex On Muscle Function During Isovelocity Contractions., C N. Steele, A J. Fradkin Facsm, J L. Andreacci Facsm, A C. Veneziaz, E S. Rawson Facsm
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
Implications Of An Ultra-Endurance Swim On Heart Rate And Blood Lactate Response, K A. Stauffer, S E. Kitts
Implications Of An Ultra-Endurance Swim On Heart Rate And Blood Lactate Response, K A. Stauffer, S E. Kitts
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
The Effect Of Functional Resistance Training On The Resting Metabolic Rate Of Apparently Healthy Adult Women, J R. Smith, M P. Bayles Facsm, M Sloniger, R E. Alman Ii
The Effect Of Functional Resistance Training On The Resting Metabolic Rate Of Apparently Healthy Adult Women, J R. Smith, M P. Bayles Facsm, M Sloniger, R E. Alman Ii
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
Exercise Intensity Has No Effect On The Magnitude Of Training-Induced Increases In Maximal Oxygen Uptake, T D. Scribbans, S P. Vecsey, P B. Hankinson, W S. Foster, B J. Gurd
Exercise Intensity Has No Effect On The Magnitude Of Training-Induced Increases In Maximal Oxygen Uptake, T D. Scribbans, S P. Vecsey, P B. Hankinson, W S. Foster, B J. Gurd
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
A Systematic Review Of Physical Activity, Task Performance, And Injury Risk Considerations For Treadmill Workstations, A Schuh, E O. Dada, A A. Patel, B H. Jones Facsm
A Systematic Review Of Physical Activity, Task Performance, And Injury Risk Considerations For Treadmill Workstations, A Schuh, E O. Dada, A A. Patel, B H. Jones Facsm
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
Association Of Muscular Power And Selected Gait Parameters In Community-Dwelling Older Adults, H Schmuck, M Butler, J Desire, R Shaw, S Paulson, J Sanders
Association Of Muscular Power And Selected Gait Parameters In Community-Dwelling Older Adults, H Schmuck, M Butler, J Desire, R Shaw, S Paulson, J Sanders
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
The Effects Of A Polymorphism In The Cyp1a2 Gene On Serum Caffeine Concentrations During Exercise, E J. Ryan, H A. Algrain, R M. Thomas, A E. Carrillo, E J. Ryan
The Effects Of A Polymorphism In The Cyp1a2 Gene On Serum Caffeine Concentrations During Exercise, E J. Ryan, H A. Algrain, R M. Thomas, A E. Carrillo, E J. Ryan
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
Core Muscle Activation Increases Range Of Motion In Dancers Performing Developé, K M. Rubin, R Kudrna
Core Muscle Activation Increases Range Of Motion In Dancers Performing Developé, K M. Rubin, R Kudrna
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
Effect Of Physical Fitness On The Odds Of Training-Related Injury In Army Basic Training, S Rossi, S Dye, K Hauret, B Jones Facsm
Effect Of Physical Fitness On The Odds Of Training-Related Injury In Army Basic Training, S Rossi, S Dye, K Hauret, B Jones Facsm
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
The Experimental Effect Of Parental Influence On Children’S Physical Activity, M J. Rebold, J E. Barkley, A Lepp, J Mcdaniel, M S. Kobak
The Experimental Effect Of Parental Influence On Children’S Physical Activity, M J. Rebold, J E. Barkley, A Lepp, J Mcdaniel, M S. Kobak
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
Impact Of Interval Training On Vo2 Peak: Diminishing Returns With Increasing Intensity, J P. Raleigh, M D. Giles, B A. Edgett, T D. Scribbans, R B. Graham, B J. Gurd
Impact Of Interval Training On Vo2 Peak: Diminishing Returns With Increasing Intensity, J P. Raleigh, M D. Giles, B A. Edgett, T D. Scribbans, R B. Graham, B J. Gurd
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
The Effectiveness Of A Wearable Long-Duration Therapeutic Ultrasound Device For The Post- Exercise Clearance Of Lactic Acid, T Rakiewicz, R M. Taggart, L Gaul, C Besaw, K L. Stratton, T Scheske, G K. Lewis Jr., C O. Mattern
The Effectiveness Of A Wearable Long-Duration Therapeutic Ultrasound Device For The Post- Exercise Clearance Of Lactic Acid, T Rakiewicz, R M. Taggart, L Gaul, C Besaw, K L. Stratton, T Scheske, G K. Lewis Jr., C O. Mattern
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
Consuming Vegetable-Based Beverage Results In Longer Time To Exhaustion Than Flavored Water Following Glycogen-Depleting Exercise And Short-Term Recovery, R A. Pietrowicz, C A. Karpinski, R Saltzman, K J. Oberholtzer, J C. Anthony, M A. Reed
Consuming Vegetable-Based Beverage Results In Longer Time To Exhaustion Than Flavored Water Following Glycogen-Depleting Exercise And Short-Term Recovery, R A. Pietrowicz, C A. Karpinski, R Saltzman, K J. Oberholtzer, J C. Anthony, M A. Reed
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file
Effects Of High Altitude Exposure On Pulmonary Function In College Students, P Phan, V Zatorski, D A. Dobrosielski
Effects Of High Altitude Exposure On Pulmonary Function In College Students, P Phan, V Zatorski, D A. Dobrosielski
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Please view abstract in the attached PDF file