Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Physiology Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 2971 - 3000 of 7147

Full-Text Articles in Physiology

Effects Of Starting Stance On Base Running Sprint Speed In Softball Players, Amy Marquardt, Megan A. Wong, Casey M. Watkins, Saldiam R. Barillas, Andrew J. Galpin, Jared W. Coburn, Lee E. Brown Jan 2018

Effects Of Starting Stance On Base Running Sprint Speed In Softball Players, Amy Marquardt, Megan A. Wong, Casey M. Watkins, Saldiam R. Barillas, Andrew J. Galpin, Jared W. Coburn, Lee E. Brown

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(6): 179-186, 2018. Speed is a crucial aspect in softball, and can be the difference between winning and losing. Base stealing is a method used to produce runs. There has been debate over which starting position is the most advantageous to maximize acceleration and speed to reach the next base the fastest. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different starting stances on acceleration and speed phases in collegiate softball players. Seventeen healthy NCAA Division I women’s softball players (age = 19.9 ± 1.3yrs, height = 167.0 ± 5.4cm, mass = …

Go to article

A Cross-Training Program Does Not Alter Self-Reported Physical Activity Levels In Elementary School Children, Melody L. White, Matthew S. Renfrow, Richard S. Farley, Dana K. Fuller, Brandi M. Eveland-Sayers, Jennifer L. Caputo Jan 2018

A Cross-Training Program Does Not Alter Self-Reported Physical Activity Levels In Elementary School Children, Melody L. White, Matthew S. Renfrow, Richard S. Farley, Dana K. Fuller, Brandi M. Eveland-Sayers, Jennifer L. Caputo

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(5): 308-318, 2018. The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of a school-based cross-training program on body mass index (BMI), attitudes toward physical activity (ATPA), and physical activity (PA) levels of children in the 4th and 5th grades. Children (N = 118) were divided into control (n = 60) and experimental (n = 58) groups based on class availability. While the control group continued academic classes as usual, the experimental group participated in cross-training involving resistance training (RT), calisthenics, and stretching twice a week for 10 weeks. …

Go to article

An Analysis Of Collegiate Club-Sport Female Lacrosse Players: Sport-Specific Field Test Performance And The Influence Of Lacrosse Stick Carrying, Robert G. Lockie, Samantha A. Birmingham-Babauta, John J. Stokes, Tricia M. Liu, Fabrice G. Risso, Adrina Lazar, Dominic V. Giuliano, Ashley J. Orjalo, Matthew R. Moreno, Alyssa A. Stage, Deshaun L. Davis Jan 2018

An Analysis Of Collegiate Club-Sport Female Lacrosse Players: Sport-Specific Field Test Performance And The Influence Of Lacrosse Stick Carrying, Robert G. Lockie, Samantha A. Birmingham-Babauta, John J. Stokes, Tricia M. Liu, Fabrice G. Risso, Adrina Lazar, Dominic V. Giuliano, Ashley J. Orjalo, Matthew R. Moreno, Alyssa A. Stage, Deshaun L. Davis

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(4): 269-280, 2018. Lacrosse is a field-based, intermittent sport that requires players to use a stick with a shaft and mesh pocket to manipulate the ball. However, there has been limited analysis of the characteristics of collegiate club-sport players, and whether stick carry influences the sprinting speed of lacrosse players. As a result, this study investigated the field test characteristics of collegiate club-sport female lacrosse players, and the effects of stick carry on linear and change-of-direction speed. Nine players (seven field players, two goalkeepers) volunteered for this study and completed: vertical jump and standing broad …

Go to article

Acute Specific Effects Of Caffeine-Containing Energy Drink On Different Physical Performances In Resistance-Trained Men, Camilla Astley, Diego Souza, Marcos Polito Jan 2018

Acute Specific Effects Of Caffeine-Containing Energy Drink On Different Physical Performances In Resistance-Trained Men, Camilla Astley, Diego Souza, Marcos Polito

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(4): 260-268, 2018. Caffeine containing energy drink (ED) is frequently used as ergogenic aid, but its effect on performance need more investigation. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the effects of acute ingestion of an ED on the physical performance of resistance-trained men subjected to successive tests in the same experimental protocol. Fifteen resistance-trained males (21.0 ± 0.3 yrs; 177.4 ± 1.8 cm; 79.6 ± 1.8 kg) ingested 2.5 mg caffeine per kg of body weight (619.5 ± 14.6 mL of ED) or a placebo in a double-blind randomized cross-over design. Physical …

Go to article

Thirty-Year Trends Of Study Design And Statistics In Applied Sports And Exercise Biomechanics Research, George Vagenas, Dimitria Palaiothodorou, Duane Knudson Jan 2018

Thirty-Year Trends Of Study Design And Statistics In Applied Sports And Exercise Biomechanics Research, George Vagenas, Dimitria Palaiothodorou, Duane Knudson

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(1): 239-259, 2018. This study documented the change in study design and statistics employed in applied sports and exercise biomechanics research from 1985 to 2014. The sample comprised 676 data based original research reports published in the Journal of Applied Biomechanics (JAB) from 1985 to 2014. Eight design and 10 statistical criteria were extracted from each study. Descriptive statistics were calculated and change in study criteria over time were documented. Design criteria that did not change over time, remaining at relatively low levels of rigor, were widespread (71%) use of small (2-20) sample sizes and …

Go to article

Practices, Perceived Benefits, And Barriers To Strength Training Among Women Enrolled In College, Kimberly S. Hurley, Kaleigh J. Flippin, Lindsey C. Blom, Jocelyn E. Bolin, Donald L. Hoover, Lawrence W. Judge Jan 2018

Practices, Perceived Benefits, And Barriers To Strength Training Among Women Enrolled In College, Kimberly S. Hurley, Kaleigh J. Flippin, Lindsey C. Blom, Jocelyn E. Bolin, Donald L. Hoover, Lawrence W. Judge

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(5): 226-238, 2018. The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) has recommended that resistance training be performed at least twice per week, with 8-12 repetitions of 8-10 exercises targeting all major muscle groups (1). However, Kruger, Carlson, and Kohl (18) reported that women were participating less than the U.S. population on the whole, as only 20% of women were engaging in resistance training two or more times per week. In order to better understand why only 1 in 5 women participate regularly in this form of physical activity, this study investigated current resistance training practices, …

Go to article

Effects Of Single-Dose Dietary Nitrate On Oxygen Consumption During And After Maximal And Submaximal Exercise In Healthy Humans, Genevieve M. Kocoloski, Anne R. Crecelius Jan 2018

Effects Of Single-Dose Dietary Nitrate On Oxygen Consumption During And After Maximal And Submaximal Exercise In Healthy Humans, Genevieve M. Kocoloski, Anne R. Crecelius

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(3): 214-225, 2018. Dietary nitrate (NO3-) has been shown to reduce oxygen consumption (VO2) during moderate to high-intensity (e.g. time to fatigue, time trials) exercise and often in trained athletes. However, less is known regarding prolonged exercise and the potential impact of NO3- on post-exercise excess oxygen consumption (EPOC), particularly in untrained individuals, who may have different metabolic goals during exercise than trained individuals. We tested the hypothesis that acute nitrate supplementation in the form of beet root juice will significantly decrease both VO2 during maximal exercise …

Go to article

Influence Of Baseline Muscle Strength And Size Measures On Training Adaptations In Resistance-Trained Men, Gerald T. Mangine, Adam M. Gonzalez, Jeremy R. Townsend, Adam J. Wells, Kyle S. Beyer, Amelia A. Miramonti, Nicholas A. Ratamess, Jeffrey R. Stout, Jay R. Hoffman Jan 2018

Influence Of Baseline Muscle Strength And Size Measures On Training Adaptations In Resistance-Trained Men, Gerald T. Mangine, Adam M. Gonzalez, Jeremy R. Townsend, Adam J. Wells, Kyle S. Beyer, Amelia A. Miramonti, Nicholas A. Ratamess, Jeffrey R. Stout, Jay R. Hoffman

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(4): 198-213, 2018. The influence of baseline strength or muscle size on adaptations to training is not well-understood. Comparisons between novice and advanced lifters, and between stronger and weaker experienced-lifters, have produced conflicting results. This study examined the effect of baseline muscle strength and size on subsequent adaptations in resistance-trained individuals following a traditional high-volume, short-rest resistance training protocol. Fourteen resistance-trained men (24.0±2.7 y; 90.1±11.7 kg; 169.9±29.0 cm) completed pre-training (PRE) ultrasound measurements of muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) in the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), pectoralis major, and triceps brachii (TRI) prior to strength …

Go to article

Effect Of A School-Based Physical Activity Intervention On Number And Letter Recognition In Preschoolers, Christine W. St. Laurent, Sarah Burkart, Sofiya Alhassan Jan 2018

Effect Of A School-Based Physical Activity Intervention On Number And Letter Recognition In Preschoolers, Christine W. St. Laurent, Sarah Burkart, Sofiya Alhassan

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(5): 168-178, 2018. The aims of this study were to determine if physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors were correlated to components of school readiness skills (i.e., symbol recognition – numbers and letters) in preschoolers and to evaluate the efficacy of a 12-week, academically connected PA intervention on letter and number recognition in preschoolers. Two preschool centers were randomized to a 12-week preschool-based PA intervention (INT) that incorporated short-bout PA lessons embedded into the Massachusetts Early Learning Standards or a health-tracking control group (CON). INT preschoolers completed two 10-minute (as part of morning circle time) …

Go to article

Brief, High-Intensity Interval Exercise Improves Selective Attention In University Students, Jeremy J. Walsh, Charlotte Dunlap, Jonathan Miranda, David B. Thorp, Derek S. Kimmerly, Michael Tschakovsky, B J. Gurd Jan 2018

Brief, High-Intensity Interval Exercise Improves Selective Attention In University Students, Jeremy J. Walsh, Charlotte Dunlap, Jonathan Miranda, David B. Thorp, Derek S. Kimmerly, Michael Tschakovsky, B J. Gurd

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(5): 152-167, 2018. This study aimed to investigate the effect of very brief, high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on selective attention in university students. As a follow-up, we investigated whether HIIE performed prior to a university lecture improves retention of lecture material. A single-group counterbalanced post-test only design was used for this study. 22 university students (19 females; age = 20.0 ±1.0 years) performed a HIIE and control visit on separate days. During the HIIE session, participants performed 4 separate body-weight exercises for 1 set each, consisting of eight 20 s intervals interspersed with 10 s …

Go to article

Determinants Of Attendance At A Physical Activity Focused Afterschool Program In Elementary School Children, Anthony E. Crimarco, Carlene Mayfield, Nathanael G. Mitchell, Michael W. Beets, Zenong Yin, Justin B. Moore Jan 2018

Determinants Of Attendance At A Physical Activity Focused Afterschool Program In Elementary School Children, Anthony E. Crimarco, Carlene Mayfield, Nathanael G. Mitchell, Michael W. Beets, Zenong Yin, Justin B. Moore

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(5): 137-151, 2018. Afterschool youth physical activity (PA) programs provide opportunities for increasing children’s time engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). However, low program attendance reduces the benefits of participating in these programs. The purpose of this study was to determine if enjoyment, athletic competence and motivation for PA predict youth attendance at a free afterschool PA program from 3rd to 5th grade. Data were collected from a larger randomized community trial examining the effectiveness of an afterschool program for increasing opportunities to engage in MVPA. Data were collected twice annually (fall/spring) over 3 school …

Go to article

Discrimination Against Obese Exercise Clients: An Experimental Study Of Personal Trainers, Fabio Fontana, Jonathan Bopes, Seth Bendixen, Tyler Speed, Megan George, Mickey Mack Jan 2018

Discrimination Against Obese Exercise Clients: An Experimental Study Of Personal Trainers, Fabio Fontana, Jonathan Bopes, Seth Bendixen, Tyler Speed, Megan George, Mickey Mack

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(5): 116-128, 2018. The aim of the study was to compare exercise recommendations, attitudes, and behaviors of personal trainers toward clients of different weight statuses. Fifty-two personal trainers participated in the study. The data collection was organized into two phases. In phase one, trainers read a profile and watched the video displaying an interview of either an obese or an average-weight client. Profiles and video interviews were identical except for weight status. Then, trainers provided exercise recommendations and rated their attitude toward the client. In phase two, trainers personally met an obese or an average-weight …

Go to article

Are Children And Their Parents More Active When Children Engage In More Structured Activities?, Nathan A. Chiarlitti, Angela M. Kolen Jan 2018

Are Children And Their Parents More Active When Children Engage In More Structured Activities?, Nathan A. Chiarlitti, Angela M. Kolen

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(5): 106-115, 2018. Children’s participation in sport/physical activity programs (structured activity) may play a critical role in promoting (or hindering) activity in children and their parents. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine if the amount of time children spend participating in structured activity correlates with physical activity levels (moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA)/day and steps/day) in children and their parents. Convenience sampling was used to collect data from 14 parent-child pairs with children ranging from ages 7-10 years. Parental and children’s daily physical activity levels (MVPA/day and steps/day) were determined from …

Go to article

An External Focus Of Attention Is Effective For Balance Control When Sleep-Deprived, Jed A. Diekfuss, James A. Janssen, Alexis B. Slutsky, Nathaniel T. Berry, Jennifer L. Etnier, Laurie Wideman, Louisa D. Raisbeck Jan 2018

An External Focus Of Attention Is Effective For Balance Control When Sleep-Deprived, Jed A. Diekfuss, James A. Janssen, Alexis B. Slutsky, Nathaniel T. Berry, Jennifer L. Etnier, Laurie Wideman, Louisa D. Raisbeck

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(5): 84-94, 2018. The purpose of our study was to examine if the beneficial effects of an external focus are effective for balance control when sleep-deprived. Sleep-deprived participants (27 hours awake) completed three blocks of five separate 30 second trials on a dynamic balance board. All participants were given internal, external, and control instruction. For the internal focus trials, participants focused on their feet; whereas, for the external focus trials, participants focused on the balance board. Participants’ time in balance was significantly greater during the external focus compared to the internal focus and control. These …

Go to article

The Effects Of Medicine Ball Training On Bat Swing Velocity In Prepubescent Softball Players, Mallory S. Kobak, Michael J. Rebold, Stacey L. Buser, Rachele M. Kappler, Ronald Otterstetter Jan 2018

The Effects Of Medicine Ball Training On Bat Swing Velocity In Prepubescent Softball Players, Mallory S. Kobak, Michael J. Rebold, Stacey L. Buser, Rachele M. Kappler, Ronald Otterstetter

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(4): 75-83, 2018. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of an 8-week medicine ball training program on bat swing velocity in prepubescent softball players. Twenty-seven female prepubescent softball players (age = 10.2 ± 1.2) participated in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to either a medicine ball training (MB = 13) or control (CON = 14) group. Pre- and post-testing consisted of 10 dry swings using the bat that the participants would normally use during competition, which was then followed by 10 hits off of a pitching machine with …

Go to article

No Effect Of Assisted Hip Rotation On Bat Velocity, Michelle Rivera, Whitney D. Leyva, David C. Archer, Cameron N. Munger, Casey M. Watkins, Megan A. Wong, Ian J. Dobbs, Andrew J. Galpin, Jared W. Coburn, Lee E. Brown Jan 2018

No Effect Of Assisted Hip Rotation On Bat Velocity, Michelle Rivera, Whitney D. Leyva, David C. Archer, Cameron N. Munger, Casey M. Watkins, Megan A. Wong, Ian J. Dobbs, Andrew J. Galpin, Jared W. Coburn, Lee E. Brown

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(4): 68-74, 2018. Softball and baseball are games that require multiple skill sets such as throwing, hitting and fielding. Players spend a copious amount of time in batting practice in order to be successful hitters. Variables commonly associated with successful hitting include bat velocity and torso rotation. The concept of overspeed bodyweight assistance (BWA) has shown increases in vertical jump and sprint times, but not hip rotation and batting. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of assisted hip rotation on bat velocity. Twenty-one male and female recreational softball and baseball players …

Go to article

The Effect Of A Single Bout Of High Intensity Intermittent Exercise On Glucose Tolerance In Non-Diabetic Older Adults, Hannah M. Lithgow, Melanie Leggate Jan 2018

The Effect Of A Single Bout Of High Intensity Intermittent Exercise On Glucose Tolerance In Non-Diabetic Older Adults, Hannah M. Lithgow, Melanie Leggate

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(3): 95-105, 2018. Our aim was to investigate the acute effects of a single bout of high intensity intermittent training (HIIT) on glucose tolerance and other physiological and metabolic markers in non-diabetic older adults. Fourteen healthy older adults (age, 64 ± 2 y; BMI, 25.7 ± 2.8 kg·m-2) performed two acute exercise trials: continuous moderate intensity exercise (MOD) and HIIT, with the response to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) determined <24 hours after. Inflammatory, haematological, and lipid parameters were also assessed the day after each trial. There was an effect of the trials on the insulin response to an OGTT (P=0.047), but not the glucose response. Following an acute bout of HIIT, insulin concentration during an OGTT was elevated at 60 min compared to the control trial (P=0.045), indicating more insulin was secreted, but glucose concentration was unchanged in all trials. The study findings demonstrate that a single bout of HIIT affects the insulin response but not the glycaemic response to a glucose load, proffering a potential benefit for metabolic health in older adults.

Go to article

The Short-Term Effects Of Lying, Sitting And Standing On Energy Expenditure In Women, Collin Popp, William C. Bridges, Elliot D. Jesch Jan 2018

The Short-Term Effects Of Lying, Sitting And Standing On Energy Expenditure In Women, Collin Popp, William C. Bridges, Elliot D. Jesch

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(2): 129-136, 2018. The deleterious health effects of too much sitting have been associated with an increased risk for overweight and obesity. Replacing sitting with standing is the proposed intervention to increase daily energy expenditure (EE). The purpose of this study was to determine the short-term effects of lying, sitting, and standing postures on EE, and determine the magnitude of the effect each posture has on EE using indirect calorimetry (IC). Twenty-eight healthy females performed three separate positions (lying, sitting, standing) in random order. Inspired and expired gases were collected for 45-minutes (15 minutes for …

Go to article

Effects Of Strength Training Sessions Performed With Different Exercise Orders And Intervals On Blood Pressure And Heart Rate Variability, Sandro Lemos, Tiago Figueiredo, Silvio Marques, Thalita Leite, Diogo Cardozo, Jeffrey Willardson, Roberto Simão Jan 2018

Effects Of Strength Training Sessions Performed With Different Exercise Orders And Intervals On Blood Pressure And Heart Rate Variability, Sandro Lemos, Tiago Figueiredo, Silvio Marques, Thalita Leite, Diogo Cardozo, Jeffrey Willardson, Roberto Simão

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(2): 55-67, 2018. This study compared the effect of a strength training session performed at different exercise orders and rest intervals on blood pressure and heart rate variability (HRV). Fifteen trained men performed different upper body exercise sequences [large to small muscle mass (SEQA) and small to large muscle mass (SEQB)] in randomized order with rest intervals between sets and exercises of 40 or 90 seconds. Fifteen repetition maximum loads were tested to control the training intensity and the total volume load. The results showed, significant reductions for systolic blood pressure (SBP) for all sequences …

Go to article

Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Associates With Myocardial Oxygen Demand And Exercise Tolerance In Postmenopausal Women, Stephen J. Carter, David R. Bryan, William H. Neumeier, Stephen P. Glasser, Gary R. Hunter Jan 2018

Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Associates With Myocardial Oxygen Demand And Exercise Tolerance In Postmenopausal Women, Stephen J. Carter, David R. Bryan, William H. Neumeier, Stephen P. Glasser, Gary R. Hunter

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(2): 42-54, 2018. The functional implications of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), a marker of oxidative stress, on hemodynamic parameters at rest and during physical exertion are unclear. The aims of this investigation were to examine the independent associations of TNF-a on myocardial oxygen demand at rest and during submaximal exercise, while also evaluating the association of TNF-a on exercise tolerance. Forty, postmenopausal women, provided blood samples and completed a modified-Balke protocol to measure maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Large artery compliance was measured by pulse contour analyses while rate-pressure product (RPP), an index …

Go to article

Six Weeks Of Moderate Functional Resistance Training Increases Basal Metabolic Rate In Sedentary Adult Women, Jon Stavres, Mcauley P. Zeigler, M. Pasternostro Bayles Jan 2018

Six Weeks Of Moderate Functional Resistance Training Increases Basal Metabolic Rate In Sedentary Adult Women, Jon Stavres, Mcauley P. Zeigler, M. Pasternostro Bayles

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(2): 32-41, 2018. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is a significant contributor to total daily energy expenditure. Traditional resistance exercise has been shown to elicit fat free mass (FFM) related increases in BMR. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a functional resistance exercise program on the BMR of a group of previously sedentary adult women in a free-living condition. 19 sedentary, apparently healthy women underwent body composition analysis and had BMR assessed before and after a 6-week functional resistance training program. The resistance training program was designed to be progressive in …

Go to article

Acute Cardiovascular Responses After A Single Bout Blood Flow Restriction Training, Moisés Picón Martínez, Iván Chulvi Medrano, Juan Manuel Cortell Tormo, Juan Tortosa, Yasser Alkhadar, José Sanchís, Gilberto Laurentino Jan 2018

Acute Cardiovascular Responses After A Single Bout Blood Flow Restriction Training, Moisés Picón Martínez, Iván Chulvi Medrano, Juan Manuel Cortell Tormo, Juan Tortosa, Yasser Alkhadar, José Sanchís, Gilberto Laurentino

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(2): 20-31, 2018. Different types of exercise might produce reductions in blood pressure (BP). One physiological mechanism that could explain the lowering adaptation effect on BP after an exercise program is an improved in baroreflex control of muscle sympathetic nerve activity. Consequently, exploring the different methods of training and their post-exercise hypotension (PEH) becomes of interest for healthcare providers. Recently, it has been suggested that blood flow restriction training (BFR) can generate PEH. The aim of this study was to determine the acute response on cardiovascular variables after low intensity resistance training with BFR in …

Go to article

Comparison Of Varying Heel To Toe Differences And Cushion To Barefoot Running In Novice Minimalist Runners, Daniel C. Moody, Iain Hunter, William J. Myrer Jan 2018

Comparison Of Varying Heel To Toe Differences And Cushion To Barefoot Running In Novice Minimalist Runners, Daniel C. Moody, Iain Hunter, William J. Myrer

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(1): 13-19, 2018. There are many different types of footwear available for runners in today’s market. Many of these shoes claim to help runners run more efficiently by altering an individual’s stride mechanics. Minimalist footwear claims to aid runners run more on their forefeet whereas more traditional footwear provides more cushioning specifically for a heel first landing. The purpose of this paper was to determine if runners, who were accustomed to running in traditional footwear would alter their running mechanics while running acutely in various types of minimalist footwear. Twelve subjects, accustomed to running in …

Go to article

Dynamic Stability In Gymnasts, Non-Balance Athletes, And Active Controls, Hope Sloanhoffer, Kathryn Harrison, Jean L. Mccrory Phd Jan 2018

Dynamic Stability In Gymnasts, Non-Balance Athletes, And Active Controls, Hope Sloanhoffer, Kathryn Harrison, Jean L. Mccrory Phd

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(1): 1-12, 2018. Gymnastics by nature is a balance sport requiring both static and dynamic stability. To our knowledge, the center of pressure (COP) movement of collegiate gymnasts has not been compared to other collegiate athletes and healthy controls during static and dynamic postural stability tasks. Our purpose was to investigate static and dynamic stability in collegiate gymnasts, non-gymnast athletes and non-athlete controls. Data were collected on female university gymnasts (n=10), university athletes in other sports (n=10), and active non-athlete controls (n=10). Static balance was measured using a commercially available six-condition static test and dynamic …

Go to article

Targeted Limb Heating Augments The Actions Of Igf1 In The Growth Plate And Increases Bone Elongation In Growing Mice, Holly Lyn Racine Jan 2018

Targeted Limb Heating Augments The Actions Of Igf1 In The Growth Plate And Increases Bone Elongation In Growing Mice, Holly Lyn Racine

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Bone elongation disorders can lead to painful musculoskeletal disabilities in adulthood. Existing treatment options to correct left-right asymmetry in limb length include invasive surgeries and/or drug regimens. These are often only partially effective. Previous studies in weanling mice have shown that a daily application of mild heat (40°C) to limbs on one side of the body could be used to noninvasively enhance bone elongation. However, the impact of heat-treatment on bone at the cellular level remains elusive. The epiphyseal growth plate, the band of cartilage located at each end of long bones, is the main site of longitudinal growth and …

Go to article

Reduction Of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Increases The Adhesiveness Of Constitutive Endothelial Membrane Icam-1 Through Src-Mediated Phosphorylation, Feng Gao, Brandon P. Lucke-Wold, Xiang Li, Aric F. Logsdon, Li-Chong Xu, Sulei Xu, Kyle B. Lapenna, Huaqi Wang, M.A. Hassan Talukder, Christopher A. Siedlecki, Jason D. Huber, Charles L. Rosen, Pingnian He Jan 2018

Reduction Of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Increases The Adhesiveness Of Constitutive Endothelial Membrane Icam-1 Through Src-Mediated Phosphorylation, Feng Gao, Brandon P. Lucke-Wold, Xiang Li, Aric F. Logsdon, Li-Chong Xu, Sulei Xu, Kyle B. Lapenna, Huaqi Wang, M.A. Hassan Talukder, Christopher A. Siedlecki, Jason D. Huber, Charles L. Rosen, Pingnian He

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Nitric oxide (NO) is a known anti-adhesive molecule that prevents platelet aggregation and leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells (ECs). The mechanism has been attributed to its role in the regulation of adhesion molecules on leukocytes and the adhesive properties of platelets. Our previous study conducted in rat venules found that reduction of EC basal NO synthesis caused EC ICAM-1-mediated firm adhesion of leukocytes within 10–30min. This quick response occurred in the absence of alterations of adhesion molecules on leukocytes and also opposes the classical pattern of ICAM-1-mediated leukocyte adhesion that requires protein synthesis and occurs hours after stimulation. The objective …

Go to article

Loss Of The Intellectual Disability And Autism Gene Cc2d1a And Its Homolog Cc2d1b Differentially Affect Spatial Memory, Anxiety, And Hyperactivity, Marta Zamarbide, Adam Oaks, Heather Pond, Julia Adelman, M. Chiara Manzini Jan 2018

Loss Of The Intellectual Disability And Autism Gene Cc2d1a And Its Homolog Cc2d1b Differentially Affect Spatial Memory, Anxiety, And Hyperactivity, Marta Zamarbide, Adam Oaks, Heather Pond, Julia Adelman, M. Chiara Manzini

Pharmacology and Physiology Faculty Publications

Hundreds of genes are mutated in non-syndromic intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), with each gene often involved in only a handful of cases. Such heterogeneity can be daunting, but rare recessive loss of function (LOF) mutations can be a good starting point to provide insight into the mechanisms of neurodevelopmental disease. Biallelic LOF mutations in the signaling scaffold CC2D1Acause a rare form of autosomal recessive ID, sometimes associated with ASD and seizures. In parallel, we recently reported that Cc2d1a-deficient mice present with cognitive and social deficits, hyperactivity and anxiety. In Drosophila, loss of the only …

Go to article

Optimization Of Wavelength Selection For Multispectral Image Acquisition: A Case Study Of Atrial Ablation Lesions, Huda Asfour, S. Guan, Narine Muselimyan, Luther M. Swift, Murray Loew, Narine Sarvazyan Jan 2018

Optimization Of Wavelength Selection For Multispectral Image Acquisition: A Case Study Of Atrial Ablation Lesions, Huda Asfour, S. Guan, Narine Muselimyan, Luther M. Swift, Murray Loew, Narine Sarvazyan

Pharmacology and Physiology Faculty Publications

In vivo autofluorescence hyperspectral imaging of moving objects can be challenging due to motion artifacts and to the limited amount of acquired photons. To address both limitations, we selectively reduced the number of spectral bands while maintaining accurate target identification. Several downsampling approaches were applied to data obtained from the atrial tissue of adult pigs with sites of radiofrequency ablation lesions. Standard image qualifiers such as the mean square error, the peak signal-to-noise ratio, the structural similarity index map, and an accuracy index of lesion component images were used to quantify the effects of spectral binning, an increased spectral distance …

Go to article

Mrub_1325, Mrub_1326, Mrub_1327, And Mrub_1328 Are Orthologs Of B_3454, B_3455, B_3457, B_3458, Respectively Found In Escherichia Coli Coding For A Branched Chain Amino Acid Atp Binding Cassette (Abc) Transporter System, Bennett Tomlin, Adam Buric, Dr. Lori Scott Jan 2018

Mrub_1325, Mrub_1326, Mrub_1327, And Mrub_1328 Are Orthologs Of B_3454, B_3455, B_3457, B_3458, Respectively Found In Escherichia Coli Coding For A Branched Chain Amino Acid Atp Binding Cassette (Abc) Transporter System, Bennett Tomlin, Adam Buric, Dr. Lori Scott

Meiothermus ruber Genome Analysis Project

In this project we investigated the biological function of the genes Mrub_1325, Mrub_1326, Mrub_1327, and Mrub_1328 (KEGG map number 02010). We predict these genes encode components of a Branched Chain Amino Acid ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter: 1) Mrub_1325 (DNA coordinates 1357399-1358130 on the reverse strand) encodes the ATP binding domain; 2) Mrub_1326 (DNA coordinates 1358127-1359899 on the reverse strand) encodes the ATP-binding domain and permease domain; 3) Mrub_1327 (DNA coordinates 1359899-1360930 on the reverse strand) encodes a permease domain; and 4)Mrub_1328 (DNA coordinates 1711022-1712185 on the reverse strand) encodes the substrate binding domain. This system is not predicted to …

Go to article

Confirmation That Mrub_1751 Is Homologous To E. Coli Xylf, Mrub_1752 Is Homologous To E. Coli Xylh, And Mrub_1753 Is Homologous To E. Coli Xylg, Ben Price, Dr. Lori Scott Jan 2018

Confirmation That Mrub_1751 Is Homologous To E. Coli Xylf, Mrub_1752 Is Homologous To E. Coli Xylh, And Mrub_1753 Is Homologous To E. Coli Xylg, Ben Price, Dr. Lori Scott

Meiothermus ruber Genome Analysis Project

In this project we investigated the biological function of the genes Mrub_1751, Mrub_1752 and Mrub_1753 (KEGG map number 02010). We predict these genes encode components of a D-xylose ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter: 1) Mrub_1752 (DNA coordinates 1809004-1810224 on the forward strand) encodes the permease component (aka transmembrane domain), predicted to be an ortholog and 2) Mrub_1753 (DNA coordinates 1810227-1811000 on the forward strand) encodes the ATP-binding domain (aka nucleotide binding domain); and 3) Mrub_1751 (DNA coordinates 1807855-1808892 on the forward strand) encodes the solute binding protein. The ABC-transporter for M. ruber to transport D-xylose is homologous with the transporter …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last