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Articles 1891 - 1920 of 4159
Full-Text Articles in Systems Science
Study On Virtual-Observation Kalman Filter Algorithm Of Multi-Radar Networking, Wenbo Zhao, Hailong Ding, Chenghua Qu, Mo Jun
Study On Virtual-Observation Kalman Filter Algorithm Of Multi-Radar Networking, Wenbo Zhao, Hailong Ding, Chenghua Qu, Mo Jun
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Under the circumstances of tracking targets in multi-radar networking (MRN), measure-value in polar coordinates of the networked radar (NR) has the nonlinear relation with state-value of targets tracking coordinates, which does not satisfy linear requirement of Kalman filter algorithm (KFA) application. Virtualizing the tracking coordinates of MRN as the measure coordinates of KFA was introduced. As a result, original nonlinear relation was simplified as a linear form. By means of modeling virtual observation noise and constructing the initialization strategy, KFA could solve state estimation problem in MRN. Simulation analysis and real data verification demonstrate that virtual-observation KFA (VOKFA) has …
Research On Optimal Slip Frequency Control Of Single-Sided Linear Induction Motor, Xijun Liu, Kunlun Zhang, Chen Yin
Research On Optimal Slip Frequency Control Of Single-Sided Linear Induction Motor, Xijun Liu, Kunlun Zhang, Chen Yin
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: In order to study the influence of the unique edge effect and normal force of single-sided linear induction motor, the effect of slip frequency on electromagnetic force and normal force output was analyzed based on constant current and constant slip frequency control to achieve optimal slip control. Considering the T-type equivalent circuit of single-sided linear induction motor and the end effect, the numerical relationship between electromagnetic force, normal force and slip frequency was calculated and derived. Combined with computer simulation, the characteristics of electromagnetic force and normal force output under conditions of different speed and different electromagnetic air gaps …
Model And Simulation Of Traffic Flow Evolutionary Based On Individual Travel Decision Analysis, Zhuojun Li, Xingguang Chen
Model And Simulation Of Traffic Flow Evolutionary Based On Individual Travel Decision Analysis, Zhuojun Li, Xingguang Chen
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Travel choice behavior decision-making mechanism was analyzed at first. On this basis, a traffic evolutionary model was present and the relations between the evolutionary process of traffic flow under the route choice behavior, user individual travels decision-making characteristic parameters and external traffic information were investigated by employing simulation platform. Some significant inspiration and meaningful implications are concluded, i.e., the influential effects of individual travel decision-making parameters for flow evolution are quite complicated. The travel service information should be released and used combined with appropriate travelers to maximize the effect of traffic information. These conclusions will help to deepen understanding …
Study In Plant Modeling And Animation, Yanna Jiang, Boxiang Xiao, Xinyu Guo, Baozhu Yang
Study In Plant Modeling And Animation, Yanna Jiang, Boxiang Xiao, Xinyu Guo, Baozhu Yang
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Plant modeling and animation synthesis was widely used in many fields, such as virtual plant, 3D animation, games and so on. The techniques of plant modeling and animation synthesis were reviewed. Plant modeling techniques were discussed in three aspects: fractal and L system approach, imaged-based methods, methods based on three-dimensional measurement data. Plant animation synthesis techniques were analyzed in four aspects: physically-based animation, procedural animation, video-based animation and data-driven animation. Furthermore, some issues in future research were addressed, and further trends and research directions were discussed.
Co-Simulation And Experiment Of Vehicle Electro-Hydraulic Dynamic Braking System, Cai Pu, Muyi Lin, Zheng Xin, Wen Jian
Co-Simulation And Experiment Of Vehicle Electro-Hydraulic Dynamic Braking System, Cai Pu, Muyi Lin, Zheng Xin, Wen Jian
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: For now, when vehicle electro-hydraulic brake system is studied, dynamics system and hydraulic system modeling and simulation are usually separated, and that leads to defects in coupling and relevance. In order to satisfy integration design requirements of multi-body system, taking ZL50 loader as an example, the virtual prototype model was set up, and the correctness of the mechanical model was verified by real vehicle tests. The mathematical model of main system components and the hydraulic model of multi-loop electro-hydraulic braking system was established respectively. The experimental results verified the accuracy of hydraulic model by corresponding bench tests. The parameters …
Virtual Surgery Force Feedback Process Simulation Based On Soft Tissue Deformation Biomechanical Information, Monan Wang, Chengyou Wang, Yuming Liu, Li Zhao
Virtual Surgery Force Feedback Process Simulation Based On Soft Tissue Deformation Biomechanical Information, Monan Wang, Chengyou Wang, Yuming Liu, Li Zhao
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: For human tissues biomechanical information was obtained from tissue biomechanical model by virtual environment, human soft tissue biomechanical model was developed based on mass-spring modeling method, the biomechanical model was solved by four-order Range-Kuttle method, haptic device was designed based on modularization. Force signal transmission process simulation and obtaining realized force on force feedback device end were completed by connecting virtual haptic device and biomechanical program in ADAMS software. The force feedback process was verified by simulation system. The results show that the haptic can get accurate realtime force information. The study accomplishes simulation of force feedback process based …
Firing Stability Calculation And Simulation Analysis Of New Large Calibre Machine Gun, Zhiteng Fan, Ruilin Wang, Yongjian Li, Binbin Hua, Wang Kai
Firing Stability Calculation And Simulation Analysis Of New Large Calibre Machine Gun, Zhiteng Fan, Ruilin Wang, Yongjian Li, Binbin Hua, Wang Kai
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: To study the firing stability of a new large calibre machine gun in different ground environment, the stability model of arms rack and dynamic model of the whole gun were established respectively. The stability condition in clunch and concrete environment was educed, and the force in shoulder which was required for the stability of machine gun was also calculated. Then a dynamic model of this gun at one firing movement was established. Based on this and dynamic simulation software, the muzzle displacement response in different ground environment was obtained. Comparing the simulation result and contrasting with one older machine …
Automatic Pipelining Mechanism Design For Maize Ear Analysis, Boxiang Xiao, Chuanyu Wang, Xinyu Guo, Wu Sheng, Jianjun Du
Automatic Pipelining Mechanism Design For Maize Ear Analysis, Boxiang Xiao, Chuanyu Wang, Xinyu Guo, Wu Sheng, Jianjun Du
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Aiming at automatic character information acquisition for maize ear analysis, a pipelining mechanism was designed including two main modules: weight measurement and images collection. The system supported automatic collection of weight data and images in batches. And then, the system was analyzed in mechanical properties by kinematic parameters. A three-dimensional simulation system was developed by use of computer graphics technologies to evaluate the performance of the presented pipelining mechanism. The feasibility of the design for maize ear analysis was discussed, which can support high precise and efficient maize ear analysis as a practical tool and technical references.
Modeling And Analyzing Of Battlefield Information Sharing Effectiveness Based On Complex Networks, Zhang Qiang, Jianhua Li, Shen Di
Modeling And Analyzing Of Battlefield Information Sharing Effectiveness Based On Complex Networks, Zhang Qiang, Jianhua Li, Shen Di
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Battlefield information sharing is the basis of acquiring information superiority to get decision and action superiority in information war。Aiming at the influence of information sharing on operational effectiveness, internal essence of the information sharing activity in information warfare was qualitatively descripted. By using operational network model which clearly reflects node's function and edge's type, the operational network with different information sharing degree was constructed, and the characteristic which depicts information sharing effectiveness was defined, and the influence law of information sharing degree on sharing effectiveness measurement indexes of operational network with simulation was analyzed. The simulation result validates that …
State Event Detecting Algorithm For Hybrid System Based On Interval Newton's Method, Haiyan Wang, Yihuai Hu
State Event Detecting Algorithm For Hybrid System Based On Interval Newton's Method, Haiyan Wang, Yihuai Hu
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Accurately detecting of state events is critical for hybrid dynamic systems,especially for systems with singularities or event functions with multiple roots. A carefully constructed extrapolation polynomial among state value of past time points was applied to predict values of event functions. The polynomial was derived from a variable-step multi-step integration method. The extended interval Newton's method was employed to find all roots in a certain time interval. Due to no using of values of future time points, the polynomial can be employed to determine the integration step size by checking potential events in systems with model singularities. The procedure …
Research And Simulation Of Equalization Algorithm Suitable For High-Order Qam Signals, Wang Yan, Shen Pan, Wang Chao
Research And Simulation Of Equalization Algorithm Suitable For High-Order Qam Signals, Wang Yan, Shen Pan, Wang Chao
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Traditional dual-mode blind equalization algorithm is based on constant modulus channel equalization, its convergence is slow, and it has a low efficiency of bandwidth. For overcoming its shortcoming, two blind equalization algorithms suitable for high-order QAM signals were proposed. These are double mode multi-module equalization algorithm (DMMA) and semi-blind equalization algorithm (SBEA). DMMA used multi-module equalization algorithm as first mode and multi-module assistant equalization algorithm as second mode, both modes simultaneously equalized the signal. For achieving a fastest convergence and lowest error rate, DMMA's result was regard as the pilot data for least mean square algorithm (LMS), which is …
Simulation Study On Effect Of Mechanical Environmental Load On Electro-Mechanical Actuator Under Working Condition, Xuerong Ye, Yingqi Wang, Zixian Li, Ansheng Liang
Simulation Study On Effect Of Mechanical Environmental Load On Electro-Mechanical Actuator Under Working Condition, Xuerong Ye, Yingqi Wang, Zixian Li, Ansheng Liang
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Electro-mechanical actuator (EMA) is a key part for helicopter to realize the accurate guidance. Random vibration and impact can affect its working performance directly. Based on multi-software co-simulation, a new method for analyzing the influence of mechanical environment on the working performance of EMA was proposed. The model of EMA was built by UG, and then mechanical property of the EMA interconnecting pieces under work condition was analyzed by ADAMS. After that, Patran and Nastran were used to study the dynamics features including random vibration and impact performance, so as to get influence of mechanical load on the structure …
Steering Performance Analysis Of Five-Axle Vehicle Based On In-Phase Steering Extent, Pingxia Zhang, Gao Li, Yongqiang Zhu
Steering Performance Analysis Of Five-Axle Vehicle Based On In-Phase Steering Extent, Pingxia Zhang, Gao Li, Yongqiang Zhu
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Because there are several axles in multi-axle vehicle, and steering controlling is very complex, it is proposed to use the front wheel steering angle and the distance D between turning center and first axle as input controlling variables, and based on Ackerman theory to realize all wheels steering. This control strategy can make all wheels turn around the same instant center in a circular motion, and realize several steering mode by changing D values. Based on this, a five-axle vehicle model was built with ADAMS software, and the control strategy was built with Simulink software. The steering angle step …
Revision And Thinking About Agent-Based Modeling Research To Group Violent Activity, Chen Peng, Jianguo Chen, Hongyong Yuan
Revision And Thinking About Agent-Based Modeling Research To Group Violent Activity, Chen Peng, Jianguo Chen, Hongyong Yuan
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: The current work about Agent-based modeling research on group violent incidents was reviewed, which included the social science theory which undertakes the group violence simulation, the studies about Agent categorization, relationship modeling, Agent emotion production, adaptive decision-making process and evolution of complex behaviors. It was indicated that the constructing of Agent model experienced the process in which the Agent model transited from simplicity to more complexity, thus, focusing on individuality and heterogeneity's model construction which was integrated more on sociology and psychology would become a significant development trend. Following that, some suggestions and thinking which included the principle of …
Simulation-Enable Method Based On Architecture, Qiurui Chen, Xinping Xiong, Duzheng Qing, Zhang Jin
Simulation-Enable Method Based On Architecture, Qiurui Chen, Xinping Xiong, Duzheng Qing, Zhang Jin
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Requirements of architect simulation-enable were analyzed which conducted the study of the completeness condition for architect execution and architecture description framework was extended. An executable architecture framework satisfied the completeness condition and its development process was proposed, and upon which simulation-enable method based on executable architecture framework was put forward. The theory of mapping and conversion from architecture products to input of simulation platform was introduced. The method provided an available approach to raise the simulation model development efficiency and keep the consistency of the high level design with simulation system. A water distribution system was taken as an …
Research On Precise Modeling And Simulation Of Hob Tooth Moving Trace, Rongchuang Zhang, Wang Jun, Wanshan Wang
Research On Precise Modeling And Simulation Of Hob Tooth Moving Trace, Rongchuang Zhang, Wang Jun, Wanshan Wang
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: To save inevitable modeling insufficiencies owing to the simplified modeling strategie, simulation system of gear hobbing process based on solid modeling was developed. To realize the precise modeling of hob tooth moving trace, the vector model of the gear hobbing motion based time-driven was put forward, and then the position vector and velocity vector for every trace point were obtained. The velocity vector was specified as first-order vector, position vector as node coordinate and both of them were used to get hob tooth moving trace curve by the spline interpolation. Interpolation accuracies of hob tooth trace curve were obtained …
Combat Crowd Behavior Modeling Based On Multilayered Decision-Making, Xue Qing, Wenchao Xu, Changwei Zheng, Guohui Zhang
Combat Crowd Behavior Modeling Based On Multilayered Decision-Making, Xue Qing, Wenchao Xu, Changwei Zheng, Guohui Zhang
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Training simulator is one important part of the virtual solider technology application, and the combat crowd behavior research can improve training effect efficiently. The model divided the combat decision-making into five layers: biomechanical, reactive, cognitive, and rational, and constructed combat crowd behavior model; proposed the concept of interaction unit that can save and perform the interaction between agents. The multilayered decision-making system used an oriented graph managed the behavior planning and built the interaction management. The model divided the combat behavior into seven basic behavior in order to simplify the combat goal. The model was used in an equipment …
Target Association Algorithm And Simulation For Radar And Ais Based On Bp Network, Xiaolong Zhang, Jiachun Zheng, Changchuan Lin, Xiaorui Hu, Qiaoping Chen, Shuangshuang Zhu
Target Association Algorithm And Simulation For Radar And Ais Based On Bp Network, Xiaolong Zhang, Jiachun Zheng, Changchuan Lin, Xiaorui Hu, Qiaoping Chen, Shuangshuang Zhu
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Radar and AIS (Automatic Identification System) are two kinds of important equipment to obtain targets information in marine traffic, but the content and accuracy of both information are different, which can complement for each other in a certain sense. To hand more reliable and precise of the targets information, information fusion is necessary, and targets association decision is the indispensable stage in the whole process. According to multi-sensor information fusion theory and principle of BP neural network, a targets association algorithm of radar and AIS based on BP network was proposed, after the discussion of net structure design, simulation …
Simulator Of Penicillin Fermentation Process In Matlab/Simulink Environment, Lingjian Ye, Jianghua Cheng
Simulator Of Penicillin Fermentation Process In Matlab/Simulink Environment, Lingjian Ye, Jianghua Cheng
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: For control and optimization of penicillin fermentation process, a suitable simulator should be developed. PenSim is a world-wide famous simulator for penicillin process, however, it can only generate process data for the purpose of analysis, but not applicable for the real-time control and production optimization. The internal models in Pensim were comprehensively investigated and a new penicillin fermentation simulator was developed in the environment of Matlab/Simulink. The simulator preserves highly kinetic identity with Pensim, yet allowing users to freely define the trajectories of control variables during operation (e.g. the feed rate of substrate), thus suitable for the study of …
Fast Training Model For Image Classification Based On Spatial Information Of Deep Belief Network, Gao Qiang, Yang Wu, Li Qian
Fast Training Model For Image Classification Based On Spatial Information Of Deep Belief Network, Gao Qiang, Yang Wu, Li Qian
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: With the exponential growth of data and the complexity of algorithm, efficient computing of DBN (Deep Belief Network,) has become an important issue. A fast training model for image classification of DBN was built according to sample images of DBN have nothing to do with spatial information, an improved algorithm simply as LSMI(Linear Superposition Multiple Images) was proposed for classifying images based on the idea that linear combination of multiple images. The characteristics of training images have nothing to do with spatial information was proved via information entropy theory, meanwhile, the characteristics was identified to be correct based on …
Study On Performance Of Pure Electric Vehicles Nder Single Energy Source And Dual-Energy Source Based On Bench Test, Shaojian Song, Qingfang Lin, Xiaofeng Lin
Study On Performance Of Pure Electric Vehicles Nder Single Energy Source And Dual-Energy Source Based On Bench Test, Shaojian Song, Qingfang Lin, Xiaofeng Lin
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: With most of the study on performance of the pure electrical vehicles under single energy source and dual-energy source based on virtual vehicle simulation software, such as ADVISOR, PSAT, the mechanical properties of the real vehicle system, the physical properties of the battery pack, the conversion efficiency of the bi-directional DC/DC converter and the response time of the energy management system were ignored, which could not reflect the real vehicle systems accurately. Taking the pure electric vehicle test system as the research object, in which the LiFePO4 battery pack was the main energy source and the ultra-capacitor was …
Project Study Of Adaptive Error Concealment Based On Multi-Texture Direction For H.264 Video Stream, Xiaohong Zhang, Ting Hu
Project Study Of Adaptive Error Concealment Based On Multi-Texture Direction For H.264 Video Stream, Xiaohong Zhang, Ting Hu
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: The smoothness of restored video is poor to the complex-texture block for the H.264 standard error concealment algorithm. Aiming at the H.264 questions, the project of adaptive error concealment based on multi-texture direction was proposed. Two thresholding methods were used to set the thresholding of Sobel edge detection algorithm, and the proposed Sobel algorithm was judged to detection the edges of adjacent. Cost function of the boundary pixel difference was combined with to determine the interpolation direction for each pixel of error block, and then, the error block was recovered by the interpolation direction of each pixel. JM8.6 simulation …
Simulation Study Of Multiple Model Decentralized-Coordinated Predictive Control For Hybrid Wind-Thermal Power System, Yuguang Niu, Xiaoming Li, Shilin Wang, Zhongwei Lin
Simulation Study Of Multiple Model Decentralized-Coordinated Predictive Control For Hybrid Wind-Thermal Power System, Yuguang Niu, Xiaoming Li, Shilin Wang, Zhongwei Lin
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: The large-scale integration of wind power presents a higher requirement of power system operation and control. A multiple model predictive control based decentralized coordinated control, which combined the characteristics of multiple model predictive control (MPC) and interaction measurement modeling, was proposed and applied to the simulation study of a hybrid wind-thermal power system. In order to enhance the resistance against the stochastic disturbance from wind turbine, an augment correlative measured method was employed to hybrid power system modeling. The Bayesian probability based iteration method was employed to calculate the model weighting. A simple, generic hybrid power system model was …
Partially Observed System Design Method Realizing Unambiguous Fault Diagnosis, Fang Huan, Lu Yang, Yue Feng, Junming Guan
Partially Observed System Design Method Realizing Unambiguous Fault Diagnosis, Fang Huan, Lu Yang, Yue Feng, Junming Guan
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: The construction methodology of partially observed system realizing unambiguous fault diagnosis was studied. The observable places determination algorithm OPD was proposed, and the necessary and sufficient condition for solution existence of the algorithm with polynomial time complexity was presented, then it is proved that all transitions in the modeled system could be distinguished by setting SO. The system operating state determination algorithm SOSD was presented based on the OPD algorithm. The proposed SOSD algorithm was realized by 1-step forward marking computation of observable places set $S_O$, it doesn't rely on the initial marking $M_0$ of the controlled …
Simulation Analysis On Radial Diffusion Model For Solidification Process Of Carbon Fiber Production, Lihong Ren, Xu Feng, Yongsheng Ding, Zhang Tao
Simulation Analysis On Radial Diffusion Model For Solidification Process Of Carbon Fiber Production, Lihong Ren, Xu Feng, Yongsheng Ding, Zhang Tao
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Considering that Polyacrylonitrile Dimethyl Sulfoxide solution and Dimethyl Sulfoxide aqueous solution were used as the spinning dope and coagulating liquid respectively, the solidification process in spinning system of carbon fiber was studied. The radial concentration distribution and the curve of time-dependence concentration were proposed. The influence of the spinning conditions on the solidification process was investigated by changing the parameters of the model. The results show that extending the coagulation time by using coarser article spinning or increasing the solid content in dope can help to obtain the fiber with uniform structure and densification. The proposed method has good …
Dynamic Offense And Defense Conversion Strategy Of Robot Soccer Based On Ant Colony System, Xianlun Tang, Jialin Zhou, Lamei Li, Zhang Yi
Dynamic Offense And Defense Conversion Strategy Of Robot Soccer Based On Ant Colony System, Xianlun Tang, Jialin Zhou, Lamei Li, Zhang Yi
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: In order to improve the offense and defense capability of robot soccer, a dynamic offense and defense conversion strategy of robot soccer based on hybrid communication mechanism of ant colony system was proposed. The mechanism enhanced robots' collaboration capabilities and avoided the conflict or task deadlock. The strategy divided the region and established the formation according to the sub-regional pheromone, and the position of the ball was regarded as the drive information. Experimental results in FIRA simulation platform show that the dynamic offense and defense conversion strategy have better performance and improve the global offense and defense capability, so …
Fault Diagnosis For Automobile Coating Equipments Based On Extension Neural Network, Yongwei Ye, Shedong Ren, Lianqiang Ye, Shenhao Ge, Zhiqin Qian
Fault Diagnosis For Automobile Coating Equipments Based On Extension Neural Network, Yongwei Ye, Shedong Ren, Lianqiang Ye, Shenhao Ge, Zhiqin Qian
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Aiming at the difficulty in discovering and eliminating the system faults of automobile coating equipments in time, a new method of fault diagnosis based on extension neural network was proposed. The feature of extension theory was used in managing the structured information through qualitative and quantitative description, and it was also combined by the characteristic of parallel construct in neural network. So the extension reasoning process was completed by means of the parallel distributed processing construct of the network. Matter-element input and output models were established according to the equipment monitoring parameters and fault types for the heating system. …
Polynomial Neural Network With Direct Solutions And Its Interpretation Of Inputs, Shen Wei, Qiushi Li, Yukun Song
Polynomial Neural Network With Direct Solutions And Its Interpretation Of Inputs, Shen Wei, Qiushi Li, Yukun Song
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: The generalized multivariate polynomial neural network and single-hidden-layer generalized multivariate polynomial neural network were designed and systematically studied, and the existence of the optimal weight vector was proved which could make the network the best approximation polynomial for an unknown function; The concepts of the natural upper and lower nodes in the hidden layer were created, and an indicator “value of importance” was creatively designed and the partial derivative analysis was introduced to solve the problem that the neural network was not able to interpret the relationship between variables. The weight vector directly was solved proving it optimal. In …
Game Theory Based Self-Adaptive Power Control Algorithm For Cognitive Radio Networks, Zhonggui Ma, Ban Sha, Guimei Chen, Linqi Chen
Game Theory Based Self-Adaptive Power Control Algorithm For Cognitive Radio Networks, Zhonggui Ma, Ban Sha, Guimei Chen, Linqi Chen
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: In order to meet all cognitive users' demands in the Cognitive Radio Networks(CRNs), non-cooperative game theory was used to model power control in the CRNs, and an adaptive power control algorithm for the CRNs was put forward using payoff unction and comprehensive cost function as utility function. Meanwhile, distances from the base station, stability of the algorithm and the interference between different cognitive users were considered. The existence and uniqueness of the Nash equilibrium were analyzed. By using the comprehensive cost function, each cognitive user in a non-cooperative game becomes cooperative and the Nash equilibrium can be convergent to …
Research On Model Predictive Control With Dual Feedback Based On State Extension, Zho Xilin, Lijuan Yin
Research On Model Predictive Control With Dual Feedback Based On State Extension, Zho Xilin, Lijuan Yin
Journal of System Simulation
Abstract: Depending on the online implementation demand of Model Predictive Control (MPC) for the receding horizon control characteristic, a control strategy of dual feedback structure based on state extension was proposed. The control strategy was aimed to improve the online computational capability about the control system to achieve the control target without any change of the system information. Based on the analysis of the characteristic of MPC, the extension and conversion method of state variable was proposed according to the relationship between state variable, control variable, output variable and system model. And the structure of the control system after state …