Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 391 - 420 of 3533

Full-Text Articles in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

Band Alignments Of Metal/Oxides-Water Interfaces Using Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics, Yong-Bin Zhuang, Jun Cheng Jul 2023

Band Alignments Of Metal/Oxides-Water Interfaces Using Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics, Yong-Bin Zhuang, Jun Cheng

Journal of Electrochemistry

Band alignments of electrode-water interfaces are of crucial importance for understanding electrochemical interfaces. In the scenario of electrocatalysis, applied potentials are equivalent to the Fermi levels of metals in the electrochemical cells; in the scenario of photo(electro)catalysis, semiconducting oxides under illumination have chemical reactivities toward redox reactions if the redox potentials of the reactions straddle the conduction band minimums (CBMs) or valence band maximums (VBMs) of the oxides. Computational band alignments allow us to obtain the Fermi level of metals, as well as the CBM and VBM of semiconducting oxides with respect to reference electrodes. In this tutorial, we describe …

Go to article

Twin-Solute, Twin-Dislocation And Twin-Twin Interactions In Magnesium, Materials Yue, Jian Wang, Jian-Feng Nie Jul 2023

Twin-Solute, Twin-Dislocation And Twin-Twin Interactions In Magnesium, Materials Yue, Jian Wang, Jian-Feng Nie

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Magnesium alloys have received considerable research interest due to their lightweight, high specific strength and excellent castability. However, their plastic deformation is more complicated compared to cubic materials, primarily because their low-symmetry hexagonal closepacked (hcp) crystal structure. Deformation twinning is a crucial plastic deformation mechanism in magnesium, and twins can affect the evolution of microstructure by interacting with other lattice defects, thereby affecting the mechanical properties. This paper provides a review of the interactions between deformation twins and lattice defects, such as solute atoms, dislocations and twins, in magnesium and its alloys. This review starts with interactions between twin boundaries …

Go to article

From Waste To Energy: The Electrochemical Reduction Of Co2 Using Recycled Nanostructured Catalysts, Ibrahim Badawy Jul 2023

From Waste To Energy: The Electrochemical Reduction Of Co2 Using Recycled Nanostructured Catalysts, Ibrahim Badawy

Theses and Dissertations

The reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2RR) using electrochemistry is a promising solution for the burgeoning global energy crisis. The overall vision of its implementation relies on renewable energy sources to power the reaction creating carbon neutral products and effectively closing the carbon cycle. Research in this field has come a long way since its inception in the mid-1900s. However, there remain significant hurdles and important considerations to overcome in order to reach full commercialization. Most electrocatalysts tested for CO2RR have been designed solely for maximum performance while ignoring the environmental consequences if such a material were …

Go to article

Atomistic Simulations Of Twin Facets Associated With Three-Dimensional { []011 } Twins In Magnesium, Qiyu Zeng, Mingyu Gong, Houyu Ma, Yao Shen, Jian-Feng Nie, Jian Wang, Yue Liu Jul 2023

Atomistic Simulations Of Twin Facets Associated With Three-Dimensional { []011 } Twins In Magnesium, Qiyu Zeng, Mingyu Gong, Houyu Ma, Yao Shen, Jian-Feng Nie, Jian Wang, Yue Liu

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Twinning is a deformation mechanism that creates three-dimensional (3D) twin domains through the migration of twin facets. This occurs via the nucleation and glide of twinning disconnections (TDs), which can pile up to create twin facets. A comprehensive under- standing of twin facets associated with 3D twins, including their atomic structures and energies, is crucial for understanding deformation twinning. In this study, we propose a molecular statics/dynamics (MS/MD) approach to determine characteristic twin facets enclosing 3D non-equilibrium/equilibrium { [] 011 } twin domains, which has been much less studied than the counterpart { [] 012 } twin domains. The stability …

Go to article

The Essential Work Of Fracture In Peridynamics, Christer Stenström, Kjell Eriksson, Florin Bobaru, Stefan Golling, Pär Jonsén Jul 2023

The Essential Work Of Fracture In Peridynamics, Christer Stenström, Kjell Eriksson, Florin Bobaru, Stefan Golling, Pär Jonsén

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

In this work, the essential work of fracture (EWF) method is introduced for a peridynamic (PD) material model to characterize fracture toughness of ductile materials. First, an analytical derivation for the path-independence of the PD J -integral is provided. Thereafter, the classical J -integral and PD J-integral are computed on a number of analytical crack problems, for subsequent investigation on how it performs under large scale yielding of thin sheets. To represent a highly nonlinear elastic behavior, a new adaptive bond stiffness calibration and a modified bonddamage model with gradual softening are proposed. The model is employed for two …

Go to article

Mesoporous Particle Embedded Nanofibrous Scaffolds Sustain Biological Factors For Tendon Tissue Engineering, Chiara Rinoldi, Ewa KijeńSka-GawrońSka, Marcin Heljak, Jakub Jaroszewicz, Artur KamińSki, Ali Khademhosseini, Ali Tamayol, Wojciech Swieszkowski Jul 2023

Mesoporous Particle Embedded Nanofibrous Scaffolds Sustain Biological Factors For Tendon Tissue Engineering, Chiara Rinoldi, Ewa KijeńSka-GawrońSka, Marcin Heljak, Jakub Jaroszewicz, Artur KamińSki, Ali Khademhosseini, Ali Tamayol, Wojciech Swieszkowski

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

In recent years, fiber-based systems have been explored in the frame of tissue engineering due to their robustness in recapitulating the architecture and mechanical properties of native tissues. Such scaffolds offer anisotropic architecture capable of reproducing the native collagen fibers’ orientation and distribution. Moreover, fibrous constructs might provide a biomimetic environment for cell encapsulation and proliferation as well as influence their orientation and distribution. In this work, we combine two fiber fabrication techniques, such as electrospinning and wet-spinning, in order to obtain novel cell-laden 3D fibrous layered scaffolds which can simultaneously provide: (i) mechanical support; (ii) suitable microenvironment for 3D …

Go to article

High Flux Novel Polymeric Membrane For Renal Applications, Christa N. Hestekin, Efecan Pakkaner, Jamie Hestekin, Leticia Santos De Souza, Partha Pratim Chowdhury, Juliana Louzada Marçal, John Moore, Sarah A. Hesse, Christopher J. Takacs, Christopher J. Tassone, Soma Shekar Dachavaram, Peter A. Crooks, Kate Williams, Ira Kurtz Jul 2023

High Flux Novel Polymeric Membrane For Renal Applications, Christa N. Hestekin, Efecan Pakkaner, Jamie Hestekin, Leticia Santos De Souza, Partha Pratim Chowdhury, Juliana Louzada Marçal, John Moore, Sarah A. Hesse, Christopher J. Takacs, Christopher J. Tassone, Soma Shekar Dachavaram, Peter A. Crooks, Kate Williams, Ira Kurtz

Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Biocompatibility and the ability to mediate the appropriate flux of ions, urea, and uremic toxins between blood and dialysate components are key parameters for membranes used in dialysis. Oxone-mediated TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanomaterials have been demonstrated to be excellent additives in the production and tunability of ultrafiltration and dialysis membranes. In the present study, nanocellulose ionic liquid membranes (NC-ILMs) were tested in vitro and ex vivo. An increase in flux of up to two orders of magnitude was observed with increased rejection (about 99.6%) of key proteins compared to that of polysulfone (PSf) and other commercial membranes. NC-ILMs have a sharper …

Go to article

Nitric Oxide: Physiological Functions, Delivery, And Biomedical Applications, Syed Muntazir Andrabi, Navatha Shree Sharma, Anik Karan, S. M. Shatil Shahriar, Brent Cordon, Bing Ma, Jingwei Xie Jun 2023

Nitric Oxide: Physiological Functions, Delivery, And Biomedical Applications, Syed Muntazir Andrabi, Navatha Shree Sharma, Anik Karan, S. M. Shatil Shahriar, Brent Cordon, Bing Ma, Jingwei Xie

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous molecule that has a central role in signaling pathways involved in numerous physiological processes (e.g., vasodilation, neurotransmission, inflammation, apoptosis, and tumor growth). Due to its gaseous form, NO has a short half-life, and its physiology role is concentration dependent, often restricting its function to a target site. Providing NO from an external source is beneficial in promoting cellular functions and treatment of different pathological conditions. Hence, the multifaceted role of NO in physiology and pathology has garnered massive interest in developing strategies to deliver exogenous NO for the treatment of various regenerative and biomedical …

Go to article

Design And Development Of Ultrabroadband, High-Gain, And High-Isolation Thz Mimo Antenna With A Complementary Split-Ring Resonator Metamaterial, Ammar Armghan, Khaled Aliqab, Meshari Alsharari, Osamah Alsalman, Juveriya Parmar, Shobhit K. Patel Jun 2023

Design And Development Of Ultrabroadband, High-Gain, And High-Isolation Thz Mimo Antenna With A Complementary Split-Ring Resonator Metamaterial, Ammar Armghan, Khaled Aliqab, Meshari Alsharari, Osamah Alsalman, Juveriya Parmar, Shobhit K. Patel

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

The need for high-speed communication has created a way to design THz antennas that operate at high frequencies, speeds, and data rates. In this manuscript, a THz MIMO antenna is designed using a metamaterial. The two-port antenna design proposed uses a complementary splitring resonator patch. The design results are also compared with a simple patch antenna to show the improvement. The design shows a better isolation of 50 dB. A broadband width of 8.3 THz is achieved using this complementary split-ring resonator design. The percentage bandwidth is 90%, showing an ultrabroadband response. The highest gain of 10.34 dB is achieved …

Go to article

Recent Advances In Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy-Based Pathogenic Bacteria Sensing, Tao Chen, Yuan-Hong Xu, Jing-Hong Li Jun 2023

Recent Advances In Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy-Based Pathogenic Bacteria Sensing, Tao Chen, Yuan-Hong Xu, Jing-Hong Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

Pathogenic bacteria have been throwing great threat on human health for thousands of years. Their real-time monitoring is in urgent need as it could effectively halt the spread of pathogenic bacteria and thus reducing the risk to human health. Up till now, diverse technologies such as electrochemistry, optics, piezoelectricity and calorimetry have been developed for bacteria sensing. Therein, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)-based sensors show great potential in point-of-care bacterial analysis because of their low-cost, short read-out time, good reproducibility, and portable equipment construction. In this review, we will primarily summarize the typical applications of electrochemical impedance technology in bacteria sensing …

Go to article

Acetate-Encapsulated Linolenic Acid Liposomes Reduce Sars-Cov-2 And Rsv Infection, Andrew R. Mcgill Jun 2023

Acetate-Encapsulated Linolenic Acid Liposomes Reduce Sars-Cov-2 And Rsv Infection, Andrew R. Mcgill

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), is an ongoing pandemic-endemic. In the United States, it remains the third leading cause of death in 2022. SARS-CoV-2, an RNA virus, has a genome prone to rapid mutation, generating variant species capable of resisting therapies and vaccination efforts. However, it has been estimated that more than 40% of SARS-CoV-2 infections may be asymptomatic, which calls into question any biological differences between the asymptomatic and afflicted groups. Additionally, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the most significant cause of bronchiolitis and asthma in neonates, with an increasing burden on the …

Go to article

Restoration Of Normal Blood Flow In Atherosclerotic Arteries Promotes Plaque Stabilization, Morgan A. Schake, Ian Mccue, Evan T. Curtis, Thomas J. Ripperda Jr., Samuel Harvey, Bryan T. Hackfort, Anna Fitzwater, Yiannis S. Chatzizisis, Forrest Kievit, Ryan M. Pedrigi Jun 2023

Restoration Of Normal Blood Flow In Atherosclerotic Arteries Promotes Plaque Stabilization, Morgan A. Schake, Ian Mccue, Evan T. Curtis, Thomas J. Ripperda Jr., Samuel Harvey, Bryan T. Hackfort, Anna Fitzwater, Yiannis S. Chatzizisis, Forrest Kievit, Ryan M. Pedrigi

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Blood flow is a key regulator of atherosclerosis. Disturbed blood flow promotes atherosclerotic plaque development, whereas normal blood flow protects against plaque development. We hypothesized that normal blood flow is also therapeutic, if it were able to be restored within atherosclerotic arteries. Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice were initially instrumented with a blood flow-modifying cuff to induce plaque development and then five weeks later the cuffwas removed to allowrestoration of normal blood flow. Plaques in decuffed mice exhibited compositional changes that indicated increased stability compared to plaques in mice with the cuff maintained. The therapeutic benefit of decuffingwas comparable …

Go to article

Development Of Novel Nanocarbon Based Materials And Membranes With Enhanced Biocidal Capabilities For Clean Water Generation, Indrani Gupta May 2023

Development Of Novel Nanocarbon Based Materials And Membranes With Enhanced Biocidal Capabilities For Clean Water Generation, Indrani Gupta

Dissertations

Water scarcity is one of the major challenges facing humanity today, driven by population growth, economic development, and dietary shifts towards more water-intensive animal products. To address this issue, efficient water resource management and recycling of wastewater are essential. However, around 80% of wastewater globally is discharged into water bodies without treatment, posing a risk to ecosystems and human health. Pathogens, or harmful microorganisms, are a primary cause of water impairment and the transmission of waterborne diseases, leading to increased mortality rates. Traditional methods of treating pathogens involve the use of radiation or chemical disinfectants. Nonetheless, these methods have drawbacks, …

Go to article

Electronically Modulated Feni Composite By Ceo2 Porous Nanosheets For Water Splitting At Large Current Density, Ming-Yu Ding, Wen-Jie Jiang, Tian-Qi Yu, Xiao-Yan Zhuo, Xiao-Jing Qin, Shi-Bin Yin May 2023

Electronically Modulated Feni Composite By Ceo2 Porous Nanosheets For Water Splitting At Large Current Density, Ming-Yu Ding, Wen-Jie Jiang, Tian-Qi Yu, Xiao-Yan Zhuo, Xiao-Jing Qin, Shi-Bin Yin

Journal of Electrochemistry

Exploiting highly active and non-noble metal bifunctional catalysts at large current density is significant for the advancement of water electrolysis. In this work, CeO2 electronically structure modulated FeNi bimetallic composite porous nanosheets in-situ grown on nickel foam (NiFe2O4-Fe24N10-CeO2/NF) is synthesized. Electrochemical experiments show that the NiFe2O4-Fe24N10-CeO2/NF exhibited the outstanding activities toward both oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions (OER and HER) (η1000 = 352 mV and η1000 = 429 mV, respectively). When assembled into a two-electrode system for …

Go to article

Fe Nanoparticles Encapsulated In N-Doped Porous Carbon For Efficient Oxygen Reduction In Alkaline Media, Chun-Yan Li, Rui Zhang, Xiao-Jie Ba, Xiao-Le Jiang, Yao-Yue Yang May 2023

Fe Nanoparticles Encapsulated In N-Doped Porous Carbon For Efficient Oxygen Reduction In Alkaline Media, Chun-Yan Li, Rui Zhang, Xiao-Jie Ba, Xiao-Le Jiang, Yao-Yue Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Rational design and synthesis of non-precious-metal catalyst plays an important role in improving the activity and stability for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) but remains a major challenge. In this work, we used a facile approach to synthesize iron nanoparticles encapsulated in nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials (Fe@N-C) from functionalized metal-organic frameworks (MOFs, MET-6). Embedding Fe nanoparticles into the carbon skeleton increases the graphitization degree and the proportion of graphitic N as well as promotes the formation of mesopores in the catalyst. The Fe@N-C-30 catalyst showed the excellent ORR activity in alkaline solutions (E0 = 0.97 V vs. RHE, E1/2 …

Go to article

Deep Euteceic Solvents-Assisted Synthesis Of Novel Network Nanostructures For Accelerating Formic Acid Electrooxidation, Jun-Ming Zhang, Xiao-Jie Zhang, Yao Chen, Ying-Jian Fan, You-Jun Fan, Jian-Feng Jia May 2023

Deep Euteceic Solvents-Assisted Synthesis Of Novel Network Nanostructures For Accelerating Formic Acid Electrooxidation, Jun-Ming Zhang, Xiao-Jie Zhang, Yao Chen, Ying-Jian Fan, You-Jun Fan, Jian-Feng Jia

Journal of Electrochemistry

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been reported as a type of solvent for the controllable synthesis of metal nanostructures. Interestingly, flower-like palladium (Pd) nanoparticles composed of staggered nanosheets and nanospheres are spontaneously transformed into three-dimensional (3D) network nanostructures in choline chloride-urea DESs using ascorbic acid as a reducing agent. Systematic studies have been carried out to explore the formation mechanism, in which DESs itself acts as a solvent and soft template for the formation of 3D flower-like network nanostructures (FNNs). The amounts of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and sodium hydroxide also play a crucial role in the anisotropic growth and …

Go to article

Exploring The Intersection Of Biology And Design For Product Innovations, Ajay P. Malshe, Salil Bapat, Kamlakar Rajurkar, Ang Ang, Jean-Marc Linares May 2023

Exploring The Intersection Of Biology And Design For Product Innovations, Ajay P. Malshe, Salil Bapat, Kamlakar Rajurkar, Ang Ang, Jean-Marc Linares

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Design, development, productization, and applications of advanced product concepts are pressing for higher multifunctionality, resilience, and maximization of available resources equitably to meet the growing and continuing demands of global customers. These demands have further accelerated during the recent COVID- 19 pandemic and are continuing to be a challenge. Engineering designs are one of the most effective ways to endow products with functions, resilience, and sustainability. Biology, through millions of years of evolution, has met these acute requirements under severe resource and environmental constraints. As the manufacturing of products is reaching the fundamental limits of raw materials, labor, and resource …

Go to article

Vi Energy-Efficient Memristor-Based Neuromorphic Computing Circuits And Systems For Radiation Detection Applications, Jorge Iván Canales Verdial May 2023

Vi Energy-Efficient Memristor-Based Neuromorphic Computing Circuits And Systems For Radiation Detection Applications, Jorge Iván Canales Verdial

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Radionuclide spectroscopic sensor data is analyzed with minimal power consumption through the use of neuromorphic computing architectures. Memristor crossbars are harnessed as the computational substrate in this non-conventional computing platform and integrated with CMOS-based neurons to mimic the computational dynamics observed in the mammalian brain’s visual cortex. Functional prototypes using spiking sparse locally competitive approximations are presented. The architectures are evaluated for classification accuracy and energy efficiency. The proposed systems achieve a 90% true positive accuracy with a high-resolution detector and 86% with a low-resolution detector.

Go to article

Reducing Agglomeration Of Lab-Synthesized And Functionalized Barium Titanate Nanoparticle Composites, Jessica N. Domrzalski May 2023

Reducing Agglomeration Of Lab-Synthesized And Functionalized Barium Titanate Nanoparticle Composites, Jessica N. Domrzalski

Nanoscience and Microsystems ETDs

Barium titanate (BTO) has been extensively studied for its promise in increasing device performance with its high dielectric constant. With the world moving toward miniaturization, research in nanotechnology is paving a road for the future of electronics, energy storage, and batteries. A challenge in understanding BTO’s potential lies in the particles’ tendency to agglomerate. Nanoparticles behave differently than their bulk counterparts, so understanding size effects is a crucial step in understanding BTO. In this work, BTO nanoparticles are synthesized via a hydrolysis reaction, then functionalized via a ligand exchange reaction to reduce agglomeration. BTO is added to epoxy composites at …

Go to article

Antimicrobial Activity And Mechanism Of Amyloid Proteins And Synthetic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes, Fahimeh Maghsoodi May 2023

Antimicrobial Activity And Mechanism Of Amyloid Proteins And Synthetic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes, Fahimeh Maghsoodi

Nanoscience and Microsystems ETDs

Although the exact cause of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is still unknown, it is widely considered that the accumulation of amyloid plaques composed of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide in the brain is linked to neurodegeneration. Co-localization of viral DNA with Aβ plaques, the association of brain infection and AD, and research indicating the protective effect of Aβ against bacteria and fungi in mice and human cells have led to the hypothesis that Aβ expression and deposition may be central to its function as an antimicrobial peptide (AMP). In my thesis research, we seek to elucidate how Aβ functions as an AMP …

Go to article

Self-Assembly Of Exfoliated Graphene Flakes As Anticorrosive Coatings For Additive Manufactured Steels, Kaleb Hood, Wen Qian, Yi Xia, Savannah Krupa, Annie Dao, Sarah Ahmed, Samuel Olson, Nam Nguyen, Joseph A. Turner, Jun Jiao May 2023

Self-Assembly Of Exfoliated Graphene Flakes As Anticorrosive Coatings For Additive Manufactured Steels, Kaleb Hood, Wen Qian, Yi Xia, Savannah Krupa, Annie Dao, Sarah Ahmed, Samuel Olson, Nam Nguyen, Joseph A. Turner, Jun Jiao

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

This study demonstrates the feasibility of using liquid exfoliation of expandable graphite into multilayer exfoliated graphene flakes (EGFs) to form a self-assembled thin film on an air–water interface. The film can coat the surface of additive manufactured (AM) steel substrates to enhance surface properties, specifically AM 316 stainless-steel (AM316), AM 8620 steel (AM8620), and samples of the same alloys made by conventional manufacturing (CM) processes. Liquid exfoliation offers a high yield route for an EGF coating that can cover up to 95% of the sample surface with a single application. The thin, flexible EGFs can coat a rough AM metal …

Go to article

Analytical And Experimental Investigation Of Interphase And Dispersion Effects On The Mechanical Stiffness Of Cellulose Nanocomposites, Will Goldberg May 2023

Analytical And Experimental Investigation Of Interphase And Dispersion Effects On The Mechanical Stiffness Of Cellulose Nanocomposites, Will Goldberg

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

The effect of dispersion and interphase properties on the elastic behavior of cellulose nanocomposites was investigated using a number of composite models, experimental data and a thorough literature review. Cellulose nanocomposites consisting of soy protein isolate (SPI) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) or polydopamine coated cellulose nanocrystals (PD-CNC) were prepared via solution casting method and tested for mechanical stiffness. These outcomes were compared to standard composite models as well as novel methods adapted from the literature that incorporate data regarding dispersion quality and interphase properties. The literature review verified that both dispersion and interphase properties are highly dependent on interfacial chemistry …

Go to article

Interactions And Phenomena Between Disodium Cromoglycate And Polyelectrolytes, Brandon Tipton May 2023

Interactions And Phenomena Between Disodium Cromoglycate And Polyelectrolytes, Brandon Tipton

Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

The interactions between polyelectrolytes and oppositely charged macroions have been widely studied, but few reports have been made on the interaction between chromonic mesogens and polyelectrolytes. Here, we report on the formation of liquid crystalline coacervates achieved by the liquid-liquid phase separation of an aqueous solution of negatively charged liquid crystal and polycations. As well as the occurrence of tactoids that form in the absence of these interactions. The liquid crystal that is experimented with is disodium cromoglycate, better known as DSCG. This acts as a negative charge that is paired with a variety of positively charged polyelectrolytes. The first …

Go to article

Editorial: Disease Biomarker Analysis Based On Optical Biosensing, Tianshu Chen, Fanben Meng, Binwu Ying, Xiaoli Zhu Apr 2023

Editorial: Disease Biomarker Analysis Based On Optical Biosensing, Tianshu Chen, Fanben Meng, Binwu Ying, Xiaoli Zhu

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Disease biomarker analysis has become a crucial tool for diagnosing and evaluating disease prognosis, especially with the increasing understanding of diseases at the molecular level. Abnormalities in various biomarkers can indicate diseased states, and can be used to rapidly and specifically detect and quantify diseases using optical biosensing techniques (Gao et al., 2023). Optical biosensing techniques have several advantages over traditional methods including higher sensitivity, specificity, and faster analysis times (Plikusiene and Ramanaviciene, 2023). It also allows for non-invasive sample collection. With advancements in optical biosensing technology, many medical conditions including cancers, infectious diseases, and autoimmune disorders can be accurately …

Go to article

Editorial: Disease Biomarker Analysis Based On Optical Biosensing, Tianshu Chen, Fanben Meng, Binwu Ying, Xiaoli Zhu Apr 2023

Editorial: Disease Biomarker Analysis Based On Optical Biosensing, Tianshu Chen, Fanben Meng, Binwu Ying, Xiaoli Zhu

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Disease biomarker analysis has become a crucial tool for diagnosing and evaluating disease prognosis, especially with the increasing understanding of diseases at the molecular level. Abnormalities in various biomarkers can indicate diseased states, and can be used to rapidly and specifically detect and quantify diseases using optical biosensing techniques (Gao et al., 2023). Optical biosensing techniques have several advantages over traditional methods including higher sensitivity, specificity, and faster analysis times (Plikusiene and Ramanaviciene, 2023). It also allows for non-invasive sample collection. With advancements in optical biosensing technology, many medical conditions including cancers, infectious diseases, and autoimmune disorders can be accurately …

Go to article

Region-Specified Inverse Design Of Absorption And Scattering In Nanoparticles By Using Machine Learning, Alex Vallone, Nooshin M. Estakhri, Nasim Mohammadi Estrakhri Apr 2023

Region-Specified Inverse Design Of Absorption And Scattering In Nanoparticles By Using Machine Learning, Alex Vallone, Nooshin M. Estakhri, Nasim Mohammadi Estrakhri

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Machine learning provides a promising platform for both forward modeling and the inverse design of photonic structures. Relying on a data-driven approach, machine learning is especially appealing for situations when it is not feasible to derive an analytical solution for a complex problem. There has been a great amount of recent interest in constructing machine learning models suitable for different electromagnetic problems. In this work, we adapt a region-specified design approach for the inverse design of multilayered nanoparticles. Given the high computational cost of dataset generation for electromagnetic problems, we specifically investigate the case of a small training dataset, enhanced …

Go to article

Considering The Influence Of Coronary Motion On Artery‑Specific Biomechanics Using Fluid–Structure Interaction Simulation, Nicholas A. T. Fogell, Miten Patel, Pan Yang, Roosje M. Ruis, David B. Garcia, Jarka Naser, Fotios Savvopoulos, Clint Davies Taylor, Anouk L. Post, Ryan M. Pedrigi, Ranil De Silva, Rob Krams Apr 2023

Considering The Influence Of Coronary Motion On Artery‑Specific Biomechanics Using Fluid–Structure Interaction Simulation, Nicholas A. T. Fogell, Miten Patel, Pan Yang, Roosje M. Ruis, David B. Garcia, Jarka Naser, Fotios Savvopoulos, Clint Davies Taylor, Anouk L. Post, Ryan M. Pedrigi, Ranil De Silva, Rob Krams

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

The endothelium in the coronary arteries is subject to wall shear stress and vessel wall strain, which influences the biology of the arterial wall. This study presents vessel-specific fluid–structure interaction (FSI) models of three coronary arteries, using directly measured experimental geometries and boundary conditions. FSI models are used to provide a more physiologically complete representation of vessel biomechanics, and have been extended to include coronary bending to investigate its effect on shear and strain. FSI both without- and with-bending resulted in significant changes in all computed shear stress metrics compared to CFD (p = 0.0001). Inclusion of bending within …

Go to article

A Threshold Helium Leakage Detection Switch With Ultra Low Power Operation, Sulaiman Mohaidat, Fadi M. Alsaleem Apr 2023

A Threshold Helium Leakage Detection Switch With Ultra Low Power Operation, Sulaiman Mohaidat, Fadi M. Alsaleem

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Detecting helium leakage is important in many applications, such as in dry cask nuclear waste storage systems. This work develops a helium detection system based on the relative permittivity (dielectric constant) difference between air and helium. This difference changes the status of an electrostatic microelectromechanical system (MEMS) switch. The switch is a capacitive-based device and requires a very negligible amount of power. Exciting the switch’s electrical resonance enhances the MEMS switch sensitivity to detect low helium concentration. This work simulates two different MEMS switch configurations: a cantilever-based MEMS modeled as a single-degreefreedom model and a clamped-clamped beam MEMS molded using …

Go to article

Crystalline–Amorphous Nanostructures: Microstructure, Property And Modelling, Binqiang Wei, Lin Li, Lin Shao, Jian Wang Apr 2023

Crystalline–Amorphous Nanostructures: Microstructure, Property And Modelling, Binqiang Wei, Lin Li, Lin Shao, Jian Wang

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Crystalline metals generally exhibit good deformability but low strength and poor irradiation tolerance. Amorphous materials in general display poor deformability but high strength and good irradiation tolerance. Interestingly, refining characteristic size can enhance the flow strength of crystalline metals and the deformability of amorphous materials. Thus, crystalline–amorphous nanostructures can exhibit an enhanced strength and an improved plastic flow stability. In addition, high-density interfaces can trap radiation-induced defects and accommodate free volume fluctuation. In this article, we review crystalline–amorphous nanocomposites with characteristic microstructures including nanolaminates, core–shell microstructures, and crystalline/amorphous-based dual-phase nanocomposites. The focus is put on synthesis of characteristic microstructures, deformation …

Go to article

Plasmon Enhanced Quantum Properties Of Single Photon Emitters With Hybrid Hexagonal Boron Nitride Silver Nanocube Systems, Mohammadjavad Dowran, Andrew Butler, Suvechhya Lamichhane, Adam Erickson, Ufuk Kilic, Sy_Hwang Liou, Christos Argyropoulos, A. Laraoui Apr 2023

Plasmon Enhanced Quantum Properties Of Single Photon Emitters With Hybrid Hexagonal Boron Nitride Silver Nanocube Systems, Mohammadjavad Dowran, Andrew Butler, Suvechhya Lamichhane, Adam Erickson, Ufuk Kilic, Sy_Hwang Liou, Christos Argyropoulos, A. Laraoui

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has emerged as a promising ultrathin host of single photon emitters (SPEs) with favorable quantum properties at room temperature, making it a highly desirable element for integrated quantum photonic networks. One major challenge of using these SPEs in such applications is their low quantum efficiency. Recent studies have reported an improvement in quantum efficiency by up to two orders of magnitude when integrating an ensemble of emitters such as boron vacancy defects in multilayered hBN flakes embedded within metallic nanocavities. However, these experiments have not been extended to SPEs and are mainly focused on multiphoton effects. …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last