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Articles 4681 - 4710 of 11560
Full-Text Articles in Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Design And Development Of Artificial Spinal Ligaments For Paediatric Synthetic Spine, Nor Amalina Muhayudin, Khairul Salleh Basaruddin, Fiona Mcevoy, Anthony Tansey
Design And Development Of Artificial Spinal Ligaments For Paediatric Synthetic Spine, Nor Amalina Muhayudin, Khairul Salleh Basaruddin, Fiona Mcevoy, Anthony Tansey
Articles
A synthetic spine is a model fabricated from artificial materials consisting of the vertebrae, intervertebral discs and ligaments for spinal testing. The synthetic spine overcomes many difficulties associated with biological specimens such as handling, biohazard concerns, high costs, and limited availability of specimens, quality and large inter-specimen variability. This paper presents the design and development of spinal ligaments to mimic the stiffness of the paediatric ligaments for use in the synthetic spine. Spinal ligaments are uniaxial structures in the spine that carry tensile loads along the direction of the fibres. Early in the research, silicone materials were used to cover …
Relaxed Mental State Detection Using The Emotiv Epoc And Adaptive Threshold Algorithms, Olin L. Anderson
Relaxed Mental State Detection Using The Emotiv Epoc And Adaptive Threshold Algorithms, Olin L. Anderson
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
The electroencephalogram (EEG) has proven to be useful in a wide variety of applications, including: diagnosis of mental disorders, psychological research, neurofeedback, and brain-computer interfacing. Most such applications of the EEG benefit from an ability to automatically detect when the subject is in a relaxed state. Recently, inexpensive and relatively easy to use EEG systems, with multiple electrodes, have become available at prices comparable to cellular phones or game machines. This project’s purpose is to investigate the feasibility of real-time classification of a subject's relaxation state using one such consumer-grade EEG system, the Emotiv Epoc. The subject's state is classified …
Special Issue On Low Temperature Plasma Jets, Mounir Laroussi
Special Issue On Low Temperature Plasma Jets, Mounir Laroussi
Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
[Introduction] Low temperature plasma jets are unique plasma sources capable of delivering plasma outside of the confinement of electrodes and away from gas enclosures/chambers. With these jets plasma can be easily delivered to a target located at some distance from the plasma generation region [1].
Estimating The Spectrum In Computed Tomography Via Kullback–Leibler Divergence Constrained Optimization, Wooseok Ha, Emil Y. Sidky, Rina Foygel Barber, Taly Gilat Schmidt, Xiaochuan Pan
Estimating The Spectrum In Computed Tomography Via Kullback–Leibler Divergence Constrained Optimization, Wooseok Ha, Emil Y. Sidky, Rina Foygel Barber, Taly Gilat Schmidt, Xiaochuan Pan
Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
Purpose
We study the problem of spectrum estimation from transmission data of a known phantom. The goal is to reconstruct an x‐ray spectrum that can accurately model the x‐ray transmission curves and reflects a realistic shape of the typical energy spectra of the CT system.
Methods
Spectrum estimation is posed as an optimization problem with x‐ray spectrum as unknown variables, and a Kullback–Leibler (KL)‐divergence constraint is employed to incorporate prior knowledge of the spectrum and enhance numerical stability of the estimation process. The formulated constrained optimization problem is convex and can be solved efficiently by use of the exponentiated‐gradient (EG) …
Attitudes Toward Failure In Capstone Design Projects, Jay R. Goldberg
Attitudes Toward Failure In Capstone Design Projects, Jay R. Goldberg
Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
While working in industry during the 1980s and 1990s, project failures were to be avoided at all costs. For engineers in the medical device industry, these failures could be in the form of: 1) an idea for a new product or feature that eventually failed due to technical infeasibility, regulatory hurdles, lack of market interest, or difficulty in manufacturing; 2) a prototype that did not function as required; or 3) an animal or human clinical study that yielded poor results. They typically resulted in significant project delays, wasted time and money, and lost revenues, and often led to lower raises, …
Ct Automated Exposure Control Using A Generalized Detectability Index, P. Khobragade, Franco Rupcich, Jiahua Fan, Dominic J. Crotty, Naveen M. Kulkarni, Stacy D. O'Connor, W. Dennis Foley, Taly Gilat Schmidt
Ct Automated Exposure Control Using A Generalized Detectability Index, P. Khobragade, Franco Rupcich, Jiahua Fan, Dominic J. Crotty, Naveen M. Kulkarni, Stacy D. O'Connor, W. Dennis Foley, Taly Gilat Schmidt
Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
Purpose
Identifying an appropriate tube current setting can be challenging when using iterative reconstruction due to the varying relationship between spatial resolution, contrast, noise, and dose across different algorithms. This study developed and investigated the application of a generalized detectability index (d'gen) to determine the noise parameter to input to existing automated exposure control (AEC) systems to provide consistent image quality (IQ) across different reconstruction approaches.
Methods
This study proposes a task‐based automated exposure control (AEC) method using a generalized detectability index (d'gen). The proposed method leverages existing AEC methods that are based on a prescribed …
Spatial And Temporal Influences On Discrimination Of Vibrotactile Stimuli On The Arm, Valay Shah, Maura Casadio, Robert A. Scheidt, Leigh A. Mrotek
Spatial And Temporal Influences On Discrimination Of Vibrotactile Stimuli On The Arm, Valay Shah, Maura Casadio, Robert A. Scheidt, Leigh A. Mrotek
Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
Body–machine interfaces (BMIs) provide a non-invasive way to control devices. Vibrotactile stimulation has been used by BMIs to provide performance feedback to the user, thereby reducing visual demands. To advance the goal of developing a compact, multivariate vibrotactile display for BMIs, we performed two psychophysical experiments to determine the acuity of vibrotactile perception across the arm. The first experiment assessed vibration intensity discrimination of sequentially presented stimuli within four dermatomes of the arm (C5, C7, C8, and T1) and on the ulnar head. The second experiment compared vibration intensity discrimination when pairs of vibrotactile stimuli were presented simultaneously vs. sequentially …
Computational Characterization Of The Cellular Origins Of Electroencephalography, Shane Hesprich, Scott A. Beardsley
Computational Characterization Of The Cellular Origins Of Electroencephalography, Shane Hesprich, Scott A. Beardsley
Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
Despite the widespread use of Electroecephalography (EEG) as an imaging modality, neural generators of current dipoles measured by EEG at the scalp are not fully understood. Here, we use two morphologically accurate multicompartments neuron models (layer IV pyramidal cell and layer V spiny stellate cell) to characterize how spiking neurons generate current dipoles in response to synaptic input. The simulations indicate that the dipole generated by synaptic inputs required to drive a pyramidal cell to threshold is smaller than the dipole associated the action potential itself. These results suggest a greater role of spiking neural activity toward EEG signals measured …
Walking Biomechanics And Energetics Of Individuals With A Visual Impairment: A Preliminary Report, Hunter J. Bennett, Kevin A. Valenzuela, Kristina Fleenor, Steven Morrison, Justin A. Haegele
Walking Biomechanics And Energetics Of Individuals With A Visual Impairment: A Preliminary Report, Hunter J. Bennett, Kevin A. Valenzuela, Kristina Fleenor, Steven Morrison, Justin A. Haegele
Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications
Purpose.
Although walking gait in sighted populations is well researched, few studies have investigated persons with visual impairments (VIs). Given the lack of physical activity in people with VIs, it is possible that reduced efficiency in walking could adversely affect activity. The purposes of this preliminary study were to (1) examine the biomechanics and energetics utilized during independent and guided walking in subjects with VIs, and (2) compare gait biomechanics between people with VIs and sighted controls.
Methods.
Three-dimensional motion capture and force platforms were used during independent and guided walking at self-selected speeds. Joint angles, moments, external work, and …
Expression, Purification, And Characterization Of Recombinant Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor In Pichia Pastoris, Henry Hieu Minh Le
Expression, Purification, And Characterization Of Recombinant Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor In Pichia Pastoris, Henry Hieu Minh Le
University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations
Wounds in the mouth, occurring after oral surgery, take time to heal. No ointment can be added to help with the healing process because mouth saliva will constantly wash it away. In order to combat this problem, we propose engineering a normal flora microbe to grow at the site of injury and secrete a recombinant growth factor to promote healing of the damaged tissue. Our goal is to have the yeast Pichia pastoris produce human basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), which aids in cellular proliferation. P. pastoris is a good choice for this application because not only is it considered …
Manipulation Of The Precursor Supply For High-Level Production Of Longifolene By Metabolically Engineered Escherichia Coli, Yujin Cao, Rubing Zhang, Wei Liu, Guang Zhao, Wei Niu, Jiantao Guo, Mo Xian, Huizhou Liu
Manipulation Of The Precursor Supply For High-Level Production Of Longifolene By Metabolically Engineered Escherichia Coli, Yujin Cao, Rubing Zhang, Wei Liu, Guang Zhao, Wei Niu, Jiantao Guo, Mo Xian, Huizhou Liu
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications
Longifolene is a naturally occurring tricyclic sesquiterpene widely used in many different fields. Up to now, this valuable terpene was mainly manufactured from the high-boiling fraction of certain pine resins. Microbial production can be a promising alternative to the extraction from natural plant sources. Here, we present the metabolic engineering strategy to assemble biosynthetic pathway for longifolene production in Escherichia coli. E. coli was rendered to produce longifolene by heterologously expressing a codon optimized longifolene synthase from Picea abies. Augmentation of the metabolic flux to farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) by different FPP synthases conferred a 1.8-fold increase in longifolene …
Magnetic Composite Biomaterials For Neural Regeneration, Jessica L. Funnell, Bailey Balouch, Ryan J. Gilbert
Magnetic Composite Biomaterials For Neural Regeneration, Jessica L. Funnell, Bailey Balouch, Ryan J. Gilbert
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Nervous system damage caused by physical trauma or degenerative diseases can result in loss of sensory and motor function for patients. Biomaterial interventions have shown promise in animal studies, providing contact guidance for extending neurites or sustained release of various drugs and growth factors; however, these approaches often target only one aspect of the regeneration process. More recent studies investigate hybrid approaches, creating complex materials that can reduce inflammation or provide neuroprotection in addition to stimulating growth and regeneration. Magnetic materials have shown promise in this field, as they can be manipulated non-invasively, are easily functionalized, and can be used …
Applications Of Machine Learning In Nuclear Imaging And Radiation Detection, Shaikat Mahmood Galib
Applications Of Machine Learning In Nuclear Imaging And Radiation Detection, Shaikat Mahmood Galib
Doctoral Dissertations
"The main focus of this work is to use machine learning and data mining techniques to address some challenging problems that arise from nuclear data. Specifically, two problem areas are discussed: nuclear imaging and radiation detection. The techniques to approach these problems are primarily based on a variant of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) called Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), which is one of the most popular forms of 'deep learning' technique.
The first problem is about interpreting and analyzing 3D medical radiation images automatically. A method is developed to identify and quantify deformable image registration (DIR) errors from lung CT scans …
Prediction Of Lncrna-Protein Interactions Based On Deep Learning Model, Natsuda Navamajiti
Prediction Of Lncrna-Protein Interactions Based On Deep Learning Model, Natsuda Navamajiti
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
One main function of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is to act as a scaffold facilitating multiple proteins to form complexes. Most of available prediction models for protein-RNA interactions, however, were proposed as a binary classifier, which limited on predicting the interaction between the non-coding RNAs and each individual RNA-binding protein (RBP). Hence, to predict if a lncRNA is acting as a scaffold, we consider this problem as a multiclass multilabel classification problem. To solve this problem, the high confident CLIP-seq data were selected from the POSTAR2 database with an augmentation of the data for the RBP classes with a small …
การประยุกต์ใช้การเรียนรู้เชิงลึกเพื่อเพิ่มความจำเพาะในการตรวจคัดกรองภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้วจากสัญญาณคลื่นไฟฟ้าหัวใจ, จันทัปปภา จันทร์ครบ
การประยุกต์ใช้การเรียนรู้เชิงลึกเพื่อเพิ่มความจำเพาะในการตรวจคัดกรองภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้วจากสัญญาณคลื่นไฟฟ้าหัวใจ, จันทัปปภา จันทร์ครบ
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
ภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้ว (Atrial Fibrillation: AF) เป็นภาวะหัวใจเต้นผิดจังหวะที่เป็นภัยเงียบและพบได้บ่อย โดยเมื่อเกิดภาวะนี้ขึ้นทำให้มีความเสี่ยงที่จะเกิดหลอดเลือดสมองตีบตัน (Ischemic stroke) ดังนั้นการตรวจคัดกรองสัญญาณคลื่นไฟฟ้าหัวใจภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้วจึงมีความสำคัญ ปัจจุบันมีการพัฒนาอุปกรณ์พกพาที่สามารถตรวจจับภาวะนี้ของผู้ป่วยได้อย่างต่อเนื่อง โดยอัลกอริทึมที่ใช้จะให้ค่าความไวสูงในการตรวจจับ ซึ่งจะทำให้ค่าความจำเพาะนั้นต่ำ ดังนั้นในงานวิจัยนี้ได้ทำการนำการเรียนรู้เชิงลึก (Deep learning) มาประยุกต์ใช้เพื่อเพิ่มค่าความจำเพาะในการตรวจจับภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้ว โดยมีตัวรบกวนที่สำคัญได้แก่ ภาวะหัวใจปกติ ภาวะหัวใจห้องบนเต้นก่อนจังหวะ และภาวะหัวใจห้องล่างเต้นก่อนจังหวะ โดยงานวิจัยนี้ได้นำเอาโครงข่ายคอนโวลูชันมาใช้แยกแยะภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้วทั้งข้อมูลภาพและข้อมูลอนุกรมเวลา ซึ่งค่าความไวและค่าความจำเพาะของโมเดลที่ฝึกจากข้อมูลภาพสัญญาณคลื่นไฟฟ้าหัวใจอยู่ที่ร้อยละ 84.67 และ 96.33 ตามลำดับ จากนั้นนำโมเดลที่ได้ไปใช้งานร่วมกับอุปกรณ์ตรวจคัดกรองภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้วที่ใช้อัลกอริทึมที่มีความซับซ้อนน้อย พบว่าได้ค่าความไวและค่าความจำเพาะอยู่ที่ร้อยละ 96.97 และ 100 ตามลำดับ และโมเดลที่ทำการแยะแยะกลุ่มสัญญาณภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้วกับกลุ่มสัญญาณที่ไม่ใช่ภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้วที่ได้จากข้อมูลอนุกรมเวลาให้ค่าความไวและค่าความจำเพาะของอยู่ที่ร้อยละ 98.33 และ 99.33 ตามลำดับ จากนั้นนำข้อมูลของกลุ่มสัญญาณที่ไม่ใช่ภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้วมาทำการแยกประเภทได้ค่าความถูกต้องสูงสุดอยู่ที่ร้อยละ 92.33 ผลการวิจัยนี้แสดงให้เห็นว่าค่าความจำเพาะสามารถถูกปรับปรุงให้ดีขึ้นได้เมื่อนำการเรียนรู้เชิงลึกมาประยุกต์เพื่อสร้างโมเดลสำหรับการคัดแยกภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้วจากภาวะอื่น ๆ
การพัฒนาเท้าเทียมแบบปรับความแข็งสปริงสำหรับผู้พิการขาขาดระดับกิจกรรมต่ำ, ธิติธรรม์ ธรรมวินทร
การพัฒนาเท้าเทียมแบบปรับความแข็งสปริงสำหรับผู้พิการขาขาดระดับกิจกรรมต่ำ, ธิติธรรม์ ธรรมวินทร
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
ผู้พิการขาขาดมีความแข็งสปริงข้อเท้าเทียมที่เหมาะสมกับตนเองแตกต่างกันไปด้วยสาเหตุจากน้ำหนัก รองเท้า ลักษณะการใช้ชีวิต และความชอบส่วนบุคคุล ในกลุ่มนี้มีผู้พิการขาขาดระดับกิจกรรมต่ำ K-level 1และ2 ซึ่งมีแนวโน้มเพิ่มขึ้นตามสัดส่วนผู้สูงอายุที่จะเพิ่มขึ้นในอนาคต ปัญหาเหล่านี้นำมาสู่การสร้างงานวิจัยภายใต้วัตถุประสงค์ว่าออกแบบและผลิตเท้าเทียมแบบปรับความแข็งสปริง(Stiffness)สำหรับผู้พิการระดับกิจกรรมต่ำ K-level 1 หรือ 2 ด้วยพลังงานปลดปล่อย(Return Energy)ที่เหมาะสม แนวคิด 2 แนวทางได้รับการต่อยอดมาสู่การออกแบบเท้าเทียม งานชิ้นแรกคือเท้าเทียมโมเดล A ใช้สปริงก้นหอย 2 ชิ้นทำหน้าที่เป็นข้อเท้า ชิ้นหนึ่งสำหรับการกระดกเท้าขึ้น(Dorsiflexion)ส่วนอีกชิ้นทำหน้าที่กระดกเท้าลง(Plantarflexion) แต่ละชิ้นจะมีช่องสล็อตสำหรับสอดแท่งพินที่มีส่วนในการปรับความแข็งสปริงเชิงมุม เท้าเทียมได้รับการพัฒนาและจำลองการทำงานด้วยโปรแกรมวิธีการทางไฟไนต์เอลิเมนต์ ผลที่ได้คือสามารถปรับความแข็งสปริงได้ในช่วงกว้าง อย่างไรก็ตามเกิดความเค้นสูงบริเวณสปริงทั้งสอง รวมถึงขนาดของเท้าเทียมที่ใหญ่เกินกว่าจะสวมเข้ายางหุ้มเท้าได้ ถัดมาจึงได้ทำการออกแบบเท้าเทียมโมเดล B ที่ใช้การปรับความแข็งสปริงเชิงเส้นของส่วนForefootและHeel โดยมีชิ้นStopperคั่นระหว่าง Leaf springกับForefoot และมีStopperอีกชิ้นคั่นระหว่างLeaf springกับHeel การเปลี่ยนตำแหน่งStopperหมายถึงการปรับความแข็งสปริงไปด้วย ด้วยวิธีการประมวลผลคำนวณเช่นเดียวโมเดลก่อนหน้านี้ ผลลัพธ์ที่ได้คือช่วงความแข็งสปริงที่ปรับได้น่าพึงพาใจและความเค้นมีค่าต่ำบนชิ้นงานที่งอตัวได้ พลังงานสะสมต่ำ(Storage Energy)ในระดับความแข็งสปริงสูง เหมาะกับผู้พิการระดับกิจกรรมต่ำ K-level 1 และ 2 นอกจากนี้แล้วยังมีแนวโน้มสวมเข้าเท้ายางได้ ด้วยเหตุนี้เท้าเทียมโมเดล B จึงได้ถูกเลือกให้มาดำเนินการผลิต หลังจากทำการผลิตเท้าเทียมโมเดล B จึงได้ทำการทดสอบทางกลเพื่อตรวจสอบความปลอดภัยที่แรงกระทำปกติ และเมื่อนำไปเปรียบเทียบกับเท้าเทียมที่ขายเชิงพาณิชย์ พบกว่าเท้าเทียมโมเดล B มีค่าความแข็งสปริงเชิงเส้นครอบคลุมกลุ่มเท้าเทียมดังกล่าวที่มีขนาดเดียวกัน และมีค่าใกล้เคียงเท้าเทียมSACHและSingle Axis ในการทดสอบการใช้งานจริง ได้อาสาสมัครผู้พิการขาขาดระดับล่างข้างเดียว 1 คนมาทดลองเดินด้วยเท้าเทียมโมเดล B พร้อมลองปรับค่าความแข็งสปริง จากผลการทดสอบได้ว่ากลไกสามารถทำงานได้ และผู้พิการสามารถเลือกความแข็งสปริงที่เหมาะสมกับตนเองได้ สำหรับงานวิจัยในอนาคต มีความจำเป็นยิ่งทีต้องพัฒนาให้มีความคงทนมากยิ่งขึ้น
การพัฒนาขั้นตอนวิธีที่มีความซับซ้อนต่ำเพื่อตรวจจับภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้วจากสัญญาณคลื่นไฟฟ้าหัวใจระยะสั้น, สุเชษฐ์ มหัทธนทวี
การพัฒนาขั้นตอนวิธีที่มีความซับซ้อนต่ำเพื่อตรวจจับภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้วจากสัญญาณคลื่นไฟฟ้าหัวใจระยะสั้น, สุเชษฐ์ มหัทธนทวี
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
ในงานวิทยานิพนธ์นี้ได้ทำการพัฒนาขั้นตอนวิธีที่มีความซับซ้อนต่ำเพื่อตรวจจับภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้วจากสัญญาณคลื่นไฟฟ้าหัวใจระยะสั้น โดยใช้พารามิเตอร์ค่าความแปรปรวนของอัตราการเต้นของหัวใจ (pNN50) และอัตราการเต้นของหัวใจในหน่วยครั้งต่อนาที โดยผู้ที่มีภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้วจะมีค่าความแปรปรวนของอัตราการเต้นของหัวใจและอัตราการเต้นของหัวใจมากกว่าคนปกติ จากนั้นได้นำค่าพารามิเตอร์ทั้งสองมาวัดการกระจายตัวเชิงเส้นและกำหนดค่าจุดตัดสินใจ โดยได้ใช้ฐานข้อมูลคลื่นไฟฟ้าหัวใจจาก PhysioNet challenge 2017 เพื่อนำมาใช้ในการพัฒนาขั้นตอนวิธีโดยคัดเลือกข้อมูลผู้ที่มีภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้วและสภาวะปกติที่มีความยาวอย่างน้อย 30 วินาทีได้ตัวอย่างคลื่นไฟฟ้าหัวใจในภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้วจำนวน 625 ตัวอย่างและคลื่นไฟฟ้าหัวใจในสภาวะปกติจำนวน 4,529 ตัวอย่าง โดยได้นำขั้นตอนวิธีที่พัฒนาขึ้นนี้ไปสังเคราะห์และประมวลผลโดยไมโครคอนโทรลเลอร์ขนาด 8 บิต เพื่อหาประสิทธิภาพของการคัดกรองสภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้วแบบตามเวลาจริง ขั้นตอนวิธีที่ได้พัฒนาขึ้นมีค่าความไวที่ 97.12% และความจำเพาะที่ 76.54% แสดงให้เห็นว่าขั้นตอนวิธีที่พัฒนาขึ้นมีประสิทธิภาพในการตรวจคัดกรองผู้ป่วยภาวะหัวใจห้องบนสั่นพลิ้วได้อย่างดี
The Endocytotic Fate Of A Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle Supported Lipid Bylayer Crispr Delivery Vehicle, Angelea Maestas-Olguin
The Endocytotic Fate Of A Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle Supported Lipid Bylayer Crispr Delivery Vehicle, Angelea Maestas-Olguin
2019 Award Winners
No abstract provided.
Bacterial Cellulose/Alginate/Gelatin Composite Films For Wound Dressing, Nadda Chiaoprakobkij
Bacterial Cellulose/Alginate/Gelatin Composite Films For Wound Dressing, Nadda Chiaoprakobkij
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This research aimed to develop the blended bacterial cellulose (BC)/ alginate (A)/ gelatin (G) incorporating with curcumin (C) for wound dressing application. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy showed that the interaction among bacterial cellulose/alginate/gelatin curcumin molecules were only physical but not chemical intermolecular level. Water vapor and oxygen permeabilities of the fabricated films were close to commercially avaialbe wound dressings. Curcumin incorporation lowered fluid absorption ability, water vapor and oxygen permeabilities. In vitro culture of human keratinocytes, and human gingival fibroblasts evidenced that the fabricated composite films could promote cell proliferation. Curcumin-loaded films showed anticancer activity against human oral cancer …
Use Of Magnetic Resonance Image Registration To Estimate Displacement In The Human Earcanal Due To The Insertion Of In-Ear Devices, Simon Benacchio, Olivier Doutres, Arthur Varoquaux, Éric Wagnac, Arnaud Le Troter, Virginie Callot, Franck Sgard
Use Of Magnetic Resonance Image Registration To Estimate Displacement In The Human Earcanal Due To The Insertion Of In-Ear Devices, Simon Benacchio, Olivier Doutres, Arthur Varoquaux, Éric Wagnac, Arnaud Le Troter, Virginie Callot, Franck Sgard
Études primaires
In-ear devices are used in a wide range of applications for which the device's usability and/or efficiency is strongly related to comfort aspects that are influenced by the mechanical interaction between the device and the walls of the earcanal. Although the displacement of the earcanal walls due to the insertion of the device is an important characteristic of this interaction, existing studies on this subject are very limited. This paper proposes a method to estimate this displacement in vivo using a registration technique on magnetic resonance images. The amplitude, the location and the direction of the earcanal wall displacement are …
Aptamer Functionalized Zinc Oxide Field Effect Transistors For Odor Detection, Michael D. Aldridge
Aptamer Functionalized Zinc Oxide Field Effect Transistors For Odor Detection, Michael D. Aldridge
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Odor detection and identification are complex processes, and tasks that currently only animals do well. There is a pressing need for an electronic nose, or eNose, with good sensitivity, selectivity, and speed that mimics that ability. Food quality control operations, environmental sensing, occupational safety, and the defense sectors all require systems that can rapidly and reliably detect trace levels of volatile organic compounds. The goal of this work is to create a biologically inspired device which can accurately detect and identify odors at concentrations consistent with the most sensitive biological systems.
In order to mimic a natural olfactory system, we …
1995-2005: A Decade Of Innovation In Low Temperature Plasma And Its Applications, Mounir Laroussi
1995-2005: A Decade Of Innovation In Low Temperature Plasma And Its Applications, Mounir Laroussi
Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
Scientific breakthroughs tend to come in spurts when unique societal, economical, and political circumstances conspire (knowingly or unknowingly) and create an environment ripe for creativity. The field of low temperature plasma (LTP) recently experienced such an upheaval, which this paper attempts to relate in some details. There have been “roadmap” papers published before, which look towards the future of the field, but all roads start somewhere and even “new” roads are often paved over older roads that were discovered and traveled by early pioneers. With the sharp decrease in funding for fusion research in the USA in the early 1990s …
Glioma Grading Using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Molecular Data, Syed M.S. Reza, Manar D. Samad, Zeina A. Shboul, Karra A. Jones, Khan M. Iftekharuddin
Glioma Grading Using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Molecular Data, Syed M.S. Reza, Manar D. Samad, Zeina A. Shboul, Karra A. Jones, Khan M. Iftekharuddin
Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
A glioma grading method using conventional structural magnetic resonance image (MRI) and molecular data from patients is proposed. The noninvasive grading of glioma tumors is obtained using multiple radiomic texture features including dynamic texture analysis, multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis, and multiresolution fractal Brownian motion in structural MRI. The proposed method is evaluated using two multicenter MRI datasets: (1) the brain tumor segmentation (BRATS-2017) challenge for high-grade versus low-grade (LG) and (2) the cancer imaging archive (TCIA) repository for glioblastoma (GBM) versus LG glioma grading. The grading performance using MRI is compared with that of digital pathology (DP) images in the …
End-To-End Learning Via A Convolutional Neural Network For Cancer Cell Line Classification, Darlington A. Akogo, Xavier-Lewis Palmer
End-To-End Learning Via A Convolutional Neural Network For Cancer Cell Line Classification, Darlington A. Akogo, Xavier-Lewis Palmer
Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
Purpose: Computer vision for automated analysis of cells and tissues usually include extracting features from images before analyzing such features via various machine learning and machine vision algorithms. The purpose of this work is to explore and demonstrate the ability of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to classify cells pictured via brightfield microscopy without the need of any feature extraction, using a minimum of images, improving work-flows that involve cancer cell identification.
Design/methodology/approach: The methodology involved a quantitative measure of the performance of a Convolutional Neural Network in distinguishing between two cancer lines. In their approach, they trained, validated and …
Multiscale Mathematical Modelling Of Nonlinear Nanowire Resonators For Biological Applications, Rosa Fallahpourghadikolaei
Multiscale Mathematical Modelling Of Nonlinear Nanowire Resonators For Biological Applications, Rosa Fallahpourghadikolaei
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Nanoscale systems fabricated with low-dimensional nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes, nanowires, quantum dots, and more recently graphene sheets, have fascinated researchers from different fields due to their extraordinary and unique physical properties. For example, the remarkable mechanical properties of nanoresonators empower them to have a very high resonant frequency up to the order of giga to terahertz. The ultra-high frequency of these systems attracted the attention of researchers in the area of bio-sensing with the idea to implement them for detection of tiny bio-objects. In this thesis, we originally propose and analyze a mathematical model for nonlinear vibrations of nanowire …
Exploring The Role And Impact Of Microscale Phenomena On Electrode, Microdevice, And Cellular Function, Sanaz Habibi
Exploring The Role And Impact Of Microscale Phenomena On Electrode, Microdevice, And Cellular Function, Sanaz Habibi
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
Microfluidic technologies enable the development of portable devices to perform multiple high-resolution unit operations with small sample and reagent volumes, low fabrication cost, facile operation, and quick response times. Microfluidic platforms are expected to effectively interpret both wanted and unwanted phenomena; however, a comprehensive evaluation of the unwanted phenomena has not been appropriately investigated in the literature. This work explored an attenuative evaluation of unwanted phenomena, also called here as secondary phenomena, in a unique approach.
Upon electric field utilization within microfluidic devices, electrode miniaturization improves device sensitivity. However, electrodes in contact with medium solution can yield byproducts that can …
Optical Vortex And Poincaré Analysis For Biophysical Dynamics, Anindya Majumdar
Optical Vortex And Poincaré Analysis For Biophysical Dynamics, Anindya Majumdar
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
Coherent light - such as that from a laser - on interaction with biological tissues, undergoes scattering. This scattered light undergoes interference and the resultant field has randomly added phases and amplitudes. This random interference pattern is known as speckles, and has been the subject of multiple applications, including imaging techniques. These speckle fields inherently contain optical vortices, or phase singularities. These are locations where the intensity (or amplitude) of the interference pattern is zero, and the phase is undefined.
In the research presented in this dissertation, dynamic speckle patterns were obtained through computer simulations as well as laboratory setups …
A Smart Implantable Bone Fixation Plate Providing Actuation And Load Monitoring For Orthopedic Fracture Healing, Brad Nelson
A Smart Implantable Bone Fixation Plate Providing Actuation And Load Monitoring For Orthopedic Fracture Healing, Brad Nelson
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
Fracture non-union occurs in roughly 5-10% of all fracture cases, and current interventions are both time-consuming and costly. There is therefore significant incentive to develop new tools to improve fracture healing outcomes. Several studies have shown that low-magnitude, high-frequency (LMHF) mechanical loading can promote faster healing and reduce the risk of refracture in critical-size long bone fractures. This is typically done using whole-body vibration, which may result in undesirable systemic effects on the rest of the body. This work discusses an implantable piezoelectric fixation plate that can both apply LMHF loading directly to the fracture site using flexible scheduling and …
3d Printing In Low Resource Healthcare Settings: Analysis Of Potential Implementations, Alenna Beroza
3d Printing In Low Resource Healthcare Settings: Analysis Of Potential Implementations, Alenna Beroza
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
3D printing has gained significant momentum in the past ten years, and its unique advantages make it especially ideal for use in low resource healthcare settings, where many designs have already been successfully implemented. Yet, little has been studied on how 3D printing can be sustainably and functionally implemented in low resource healthcare systems as a manufacturing practice. In this report, three business models are proposed for this implementation: In-House Operator, Independent Operator, and Print Farm. These models were then tested over four months in Kisumu county, Kenya, at two workshops and seven public hospitals. I worked with local medical …
Degradable Zinc Material Characteristics And Its Influence On Biocompatibility In An In-Vivo Murine Model, Roger J. Guillory Ii
Degradable Zinc Material Characteristics And Its Influence On Biocompatibility In An In-Vivo Murine Model, Roger J. Guillory Ii
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
Biodegradable stents based on zinc have been under development since their introduction in 2013. While metallic zinc is highly ductile, it unfortunately lacks the mechanical strength required for arterial stents. This has led to the development of an abundance of novel zinc-based materials, with the aim of improving the mechanical strength without sacrificing too much ductility. Although these materials are intended to function and slowly degrade within an artery, most zinc-based materials have been developed without deep consideration for their biological effects.
The present work explores the biological effects elicited by zinc-based materials implanted within the arterial system. The biological …