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Articles 1381 - 1410 of 13970

Full-Text Articles in History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology

A Soap-Production Factory From The Ottoman Period In Sūq Al-Fakhir, The Old City Of Jerusalem (Hebrew, Pp. 119–138; English Summary, Pp. 93*–94*), Tawfiq Da'adli Jan 2025

A Soap-Production Factory From The Ottoman Period In Sūq Al-Fakhir, The Old City Of Jerusalem (Hebrew, Pp. 119–138; English Summary, Pp. 93*–94*), Tawfiq Da'adli

'Atiqot

Sūq Khān al-Zayt, the central of three parallel markets, crosses Jerusalem’s Old City from north to south. A salvage excavation conducted in one of the market stores revealed four main phases (A–D). The hall where the excavations were carried out was established during Phase B. It comprises three pairs of parallel pillars, within which a series of installations were constructed. Some of the installations are coated with hydraulic plaster, others were identified as ovens. The installations were probably in thesoap industry, with ovens and vats used to boil oil as part of the productionprocess. These installationsmay have been part of …

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Ottoman Clay Tobacco Pipes From Ramla (Pp. 43*–53*), Anna De Vincenz Jan 2025

Ottoman Clay Tobacco Pipes From Ramla (Pp. 43*–53*), Anna De Vincenz

'Atiqot

The pipes from the excavations at the Central Bus Station in Ramla are mostly early types dating to the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. They seem to be of local manufacture, except for one, which may be an import from Turkey, as it bears a Turkish inscription. Only one fragment of a nineteenth-century pipe with a lily-shaped bowl was found in this assemblage. Thirty-three pipes are presented in the catalogue, including a detailed description of their designs.

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Coins From The Mamluk And Ottoman Periods At Ramla (Pp. 55*–60*), Robert Kool, Ariel Berman Jan 2025

Coins From The Mamluk And Ottoman Periods At Ramla (Pp. 55*–60*), Robert Kool, Ariel Berman

'Atiqot

The excavations at the Central Bus Station in Ramla brought to light 74 coins, of which 55 were identified. Except for five residual finds dating to the Byzantine period and one thirteenth-century Crusader copper, the coin finds can be dated securely to the mid-fourteenth to the seventeenth centuries CE. These are copper fulus that are regularly found in sites of the period.

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Remains Of Buildings And Workshop Stores(?) From The Mamluk And Ottoman Periods On The Outskirts Of Ramla (Hebrew, Pp. 91–118; English Summary, Pp. 91*–92*), Hagit Torge Jan 2025

Remains Of Buildings And Workshop Stores(?) From The Mamluk And Ottoman Periods On The Outskirts Of Ramla (Hebrew, Pp. 91–118; English Summary, Pp. 91*–92*), Hagit Torge

'Atiqot

Excavations at the Ramla central bus station exposed remains from the Mamluk (late thirteenth–early fourteenth centuries CE) and Ottoman periods. In Area A, a cistern, dated to the Late Mamluk–Early Ottoman periods, was exposed. In Area B, ten phases were exposed, mostly represented by plaster floors; all dated to the Mamluk period. A large quantity of Mamluk-period pottery, including deformed and unfinished pots, was recovered from pits in this area; these appear to be debris from a pottery workshop. In Area C, seven phases were exposed, mainly comprising plaster floors dating from the Mamluk and Ottoman periods. The earliest remains …

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Byzantine-Period And Later Remains At Ḥorbat Massah (Hebrew, Pp. 81–90; English Summary, Pp. 89*–90*), Danny Syon Jan 2025

Byzantine-Period And Later Remains At Ḥorbat Massah (Hebrew, Pp. 81–90; English Summary, Pp. 89*–90*), Danny Syon

'Atiqot

A salvage excavation conducted near the cemetery of modern Kefar Tavor uncovered the remains of a large building from the Byzantine period, with evidence of a brief reuse during the Mamluk period. The finds included pottery dating to the Byzantine, Early Islamic (the majority), Crusader and Mamluk periods. Four coins were found, covering the Ptolemaic, Byzantine and Crusader–Ayyubid periods. Chronologically meaningful finds were a fragment of a limestone colonette bearing a cross, a marble slab with a decoration in relief and a small bronze hasp decorated with a cross. The items decorated with crosses suggest a Christian population, and the …

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A Late Tenth-Century Fatimid Coin Purse From Bet She’An (Pp. 31*–41*), Robert Kool, Ariel Berman, Orit Shamir, Yotam Tepper Jan 2025

A Late Tenth-Century Fatimid Coin Purse From Bet She’An (Pp. 31*–41*), Robert Kool, Ariel Berman, Orit Shamir, Yotam Tepper

'Atiqot

During salvage excavations on the southern outskirts of Bet She’an, a hoard of Islamic silver currencies and one gold coin, dating to the end of the tenth century CE, was uncovered fused with textile fragments, which are probably the remains of a purse. A total of 131 cut silver dirham fragments were identified. The coin catalogue presents 20 cut dirham fractions, which bore inscriptions that facilitated their classification.

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An Iron Age And Hellenistic-Period Site Near Be’Er Sheva‘ (With A Contribution By Moshe Sade) (Hebrew, Pp. 61–80; English Summary, P. 88*), Yigal Israel, Oded Feder Jan 2025

An Iron Age And Hellenistic-Period Site Near Be’Er Sheva‘ (With A Contribution By Moshe Sade) (Hebrew, Pp. 61–80; English Summary, P. 88*), Yigal Israel, Oded Feder

'Atiqot

The site is located on the northern bank of Naḥal Be’er Sheva‘. The remains of two pits dated to Iron Age II were uncovered, as well as five subterranean complexes from the Hellenistic period. Some of the subterranean complexes continued in use as dwellings even after the collapse of their ceilings. A small number of pottery vessels from Iron Age II (seventh century BCE) were found. The finds from the Hellenistic period include pottery vessels, loomweights, a jar stopper, fragments of millstones and round pounding-stones, as well as animal bones. The subterranean architecture continues local traditions from the Chalcolithic period, …

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The Rural Hinterland West Of Tel Hazor (Hebrew, Pp. 27–39; English Summary, Pp. 84*–85*), Edna Amos, Nimrod Getzov Jan 2025

The Rural Hinterland West Of Tel Hazor (Hebrew, Pp. 27–39; English Summary, Pp. 84*–85*), Edna Amos, Nimrod Getzov

'Atiqot

Salvage excavations along the route of the Tel Hazor bypass road exposed a range of activities from many different periods, both from the time when Hazor was at the height of its prominence and during periods when the tell was abandoned. The evidence consisted of winepresses, shafts, quarries, cupmarks, caves and a curing installation(?). These findings shed light on the function and exploitation of the areas surrounding the ancient city of Hazor on the north and west, e.g., for wine production, burial grounds and as quarries, as early as the Middle Bronze Age and until the Byzantine period.

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An Iron Age Ii Dwelling Cave On The Mount Of Olives, Jerusalem (Hebrew, Pp. 41–59; English Summary, Pp. 86*–87*), Nurit Feig Jan 2025

An Iron Age Ii Dwelling Cave On The Mount Of Olives, Jerusalem (Hebrew, Pp. 41–59; English Summary, Pp. 86*–87*), Nurit Feig

'Atiqot

Salvage excavations in the ash-Sheikh neighborhood, on the southern ridge of the Mount of Olives, uncovered the remains of a dwelling cave, a burial cave and an area of hewn rock. The dwelling cave’s opening was enclosed by stone-built walls and its beaten-earth floor contained pottery sherds. Two phases were uncovered in the cave, both from Iron Age II (eighth–seventh centuries BCE). Dwelling caves are a well-known phenomenon in the hill country and desert regions, serving populations living in remote areas. This cave was probably part of the late Iron Age II settlement network extending along the road from Jericho …

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Seals And Figurines From The Beginning Of The Early Chalcolithic Period At Ha-Gosherim (Hebrew, Pp. 1–26; English Summary, Pp. 81*–83*), Nimrod Getzov Jan 2025

Seals And Figurines From The Beginning Of The Early Chalcolithic Period At Ha-Gosherim (Hebrew, Pp. 1–26; English Summary, Pp. 81*–83*), Nimrod Getzov

'Atiqot

Excavations at Ha-Gosherim yielded a rich and unique assemblage of artistic objects from the beginning of the Early Chalcolithic period (fifth millennium BCE): twenty-two stone stamp-seals and two bone female figurines. Made of local stone, most of the seals appear to have been manufactured on-site; however, a few seals were apparently made of chlorite and seem to have been brought to the site as finished artifacts. The designs on the seals vary and comprise geometric patterns alongside faunal and floral motifs, and even human faces or masks. This large assemblage of seals attests to the strong ties the Ha-Gosherim settlement …

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Naḥal Yarmut: A Late Pottery Neolithic Site Of The Wadi Rabah Culture, South Of Naḥal Soreq (Pp. 1*–29*), Hamoudi Khalaily Jan 2025

Naḥal Yarmut: A Late Pottery Neolithic Site Of The Wadi Rabah Culture, South Of Naḥal Soreq (Pp. 1*–29*), Hamoudi Khalaily

'Atiqot

The Wadi Rabah site of Naḥal Yarmut is located on the southern bank of the Yarmut streambed, near Ramat Bet Shemesh Junction. The excavation unearthed a thick occupation layer rich in pottery and flint artifacts, all attributed to the Late Pottery Neolithic period. The architectural elements included pits and a rectangular structure. The flint assemblage was produced on-site from locally acquired material. This site provided valuable data concerning the presence of a Late Neolithic (Wadi Rabah) settlement in the Shephelah region.

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The Pottery From Ḥorbat Gelilot (Hebrew, Pp. 63*–78*; English Summary, P. 158), Rivka Calderon Jan 2025

The Pottery From Ḥorbat Gelilot (Hebrew, Pp. 63*–78*; English Summary, P. 158), Rivka Calderon

'Atiqot

The majority of the pottery finds from Ḥorbat Gelilot was retrieved from fills that covered the industrial installations. The finds range in date from the first to the seventh centuries CE and find parallels in the north of the country and along the coastal plain.

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Two Lead Braziers From A Roman-Period Shipwreck Off The Ashqelon Coast (Hebrew, Pp. 79*–84*; English Summary, P. 159), Ehud Galili, Baruch Rosen Jan 2025

Two Lead Braziers From A Roman-Period Shipwreck Off The Ashqelon Coast (Hebrew, Pp. 79*–84*; English Summary, P. 159), Ehud Galili, Baruch Rosen

'Atiqot

Two lead braziers were retrieved from the sea off the Ashqelon coast during an underwater survey. They were probably part of a ship's cargo dated to the first century BCE–third century CE. These finds shed light on the long debated subject of lighting fire abroad ships. An explanation as to how the objects were operated is offered, as well as a reconstruction of their use, either for cooking or for heating liquids.

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Ḥorbat Gelilot (El-Jelil): Excavations On The Fringes Of A Roman–Byzantine Period Village In The Sharon Plain (Hebrew, Pp. 17*–61*; English Summary, Pp. 156–157), Etan Ayalon, Yossi Levy Jan 2025

Ḥorbat Gelilot (El-Jelil): Excavations On The Fringes Of A Roman–Byzantine Period Village In The Sharon Plain (Hebrew, Pp. 17*–61*; English Summary, Pp. 156–157), Etan Ayalon, Yossi Levy

'Atiqot

At the site, located on the outskirts of Herzliyya, many industrial installations were discovered, including a bathhouse, a burial cave, a miqveh (ritual bath), pottery kilns, plastered pools and an olive press, dating to the Roman and Byzantine periods. These were most probably concentrated on the fringes of an ancient village, which was severely damaged in the past and very little is known of it. Historical sources, as well as some of the archaeological finds, probably point to a Samaritan ethnic identity for at least some of the settlement's inhabitants.

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Crusader Remains In The Muristan, Old City Of Jerusalem: A Decade Of Archaeological Gleanings (Pp. 137–153), Amit Re’Em, Jon Seligman, Zubair Adawi, Rafeh Abu Raya Jan 2025

Crusader Remains In The Muristan, Old City Of Jerusalem: A Decade Of Archaeological Gleanings (Pp. 137–153), Amit Re’Em, Jon Seligman, Zubair Adawi, Rafeh Abu Raya

'Atiqot

The Muristan is located in the heart of the Christian quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem. During the twelfth century CE the area was given to the Hospitaller Order of St. John, and it included the following major buildings: a hospital, ecclesiastical buildings and various large secular buildings. During excavations at the site, remains pertaining to these architectural units were discovered, including massive piers and ashlars, displaying typical Crusader diagonal tool marks, and stones bearing mason's marks. The meager finds from these excavations are an important contribution to the reconstruction of the Hospitaller Quarter of Jerusalem during the twelfth …

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Remains From The Early Roman To The Crusader/Ayyubid Periods At Ḥorbat Borin (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–16*; English Summary, P. 155), Abed A-Salam Sa'id Jan 2025

Remains From The Early Roman To The Crusader/Ayyubid Periods At Ḥorbat Borin (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–16*; English Summary, P. 155), Abed A-Salam Sa'id

'Atiqot

At Ḥorbat Borin, on the northwestern outskirts of Baqa el-Gharbiya, five occupational strata were discovered, dating from the Early Roman to the Crusader/Ayyubid periods. Potsherds from the Persian, Hellenistic and Mamluk periods were found as well, out of stratigraphical context, probably pointing to a longer occupation at the site. A hiatus in the sequence of occupation during the fourth–fifth centuries CE remains unexplained.

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An Early Byzantine-Period Burial Cave At Kabul (Pp. 107–136), Fanny Vitto Jan 2025

An Early Byzantine-Period Burial Cave At Kabul (Pp. 107–136), Fanny Vitto

'Atiqot

The burial cave excavated at Kabul, in the western Galilee, is of the chamber-tomb type, surrounded by six vaulted chambers, each containing two troughs. The finds in the cave consist of glass vessels, jewelry and a coin—no pottery vessels or lamps were discovered—all dating to the late fourth century CE; a New Kingdom scarab was apparently reused in a piece of jewelry. The cave was probably used for family burial, possibly of a Jewish family, based on the finds and rabbinic sources describing Kabul as a Jewish town.

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Human Skeletal Remains From The Burial Caves At Sha‘Ar Efrayim (Pp. 75–78), Yossi Nagar Jan 2025

Human Skeletal Remains From The Burial Caves At Sha‘Ar Efrayim (Pp. 75–78), Yossi Nagar

'Atiqot

The anthropological study of the human skeletal remains from the five burial caves at Sha‘ar Efrayim pointed to a difference between the burial traditions of the Chalcolithic population and those of the Early Bronze Age I population. The most prominent difference is the absence of infants in the Chalcolithic burials, in contrast to their presence in the EB I sample. This might indicate there was no population continuity between these two succeeding periods.

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Excavations At Rogem Gannim, Jerusalem: Installations Of The Iron Age, Persian, Roman And Islamic Periods (Pp. 79–106), Raphael Greenberg, Gilad Cinamon Jan 2025

Excavations At Rogem Gannim, Jerusalem: Installations Of The Iron Age, Persian, Roman And Islamic Periods (Pp. 79–106), Raphael Greenberg, Gilad Cinamon

'Atiqot

Some five kilometers west of ancient Jerusalem lies a large Iron Age tumulus. At the base of this tumulus, rock-cut installations were uncovered, including winepresses, caves and cisterns. The winepresses were first executed during the Iron Age, resembling the type that prevailed in the region west of Jerusalem during that time. The pottery and small finds from the Iron Age/Persian period included mainly storage jars, with a relative abundance of stamped jar handles, alluding to the economical activity at the site. Following the site's abandonment at the end of the Persian period, a rural settlement was established during the Early …

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The Faunal Remains From The Burial Caves At Sha‘Ar Efrayim (Pp. 67–72), Liora Kolska Horwitz Jan 2025

The Faunal Remains From The Burial Caves At Sha‘Ar Efrayim (Pp. 67–72), Liora Kolska Horwitz

'Atiqot

The faunal remains from the Sha‘ar Efrrayim burial caves (Nos. 1, 3–5) were attributed to two main periods, in accordance with the other finding in the caves: Late Chalcolithic and Late Chalcolithic–Early Bronze Age I. They comprise a small, but important, sample, representing a wide range of both domestic and wild taxa. These remains seem to be the first convincing evidence of animal offerings in Late Chalcolithic/EB IA contexts in the southern Levant.

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The Mollusc Remains From The Burial Caves At Sha‘Ar Efrayim (Pp. 73–74), Henk K. Mienis Jan 2025

The Mollusc Remains From The Burial Caves At Sha‘Ar Efrayim (Pp. 73–74), Henk K. Mienis

'Atiqot

The excavation of the Sha‘ar Efrayim burial caves yielded thirteen shells belonging to two kinds of molluscs—a Cone shell and a Bittersweet—all of which probably served as burial gifts. The presence of a species of Cone shells native to the Red Sea indicates some kind of trade with populations living farther to the south.

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The Flint Assemblages From Sha‘Ar Efrayim Burial Caves 1–3 (Pp. 55–62), Hamoudi Khalaily Jan 2025

The Flint Assemblages From Sha‘Ar Efrayim Burial Caves 1–3 (Pp. 55–62), Hamoudi Khalaily

'Atiqot

Analysis of the flint tools retrieved from the Sha‘ar Efrayim burial caves (Nos. 1–3) revealed the presence of Neolithic, Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age artifacts, suggesting a wider time span for the use of the caves. The flint industry was apparently local, mainly exploiting materials in the immediate vicinity of the site.

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Provenance Study Of Selected Chalcolithic And Early Bronze Age I Pottery From Sha‘Ar Efrayim (Pp. 63–66), Anat Cohen-Weinberger Jan 2025

Provenance Study Of Selected Chalcolithic And Early Bronze Age I Pottery From Sha‘Ar Efrayim (Pp. 63–66), Anat Cohen-Weinberger

'Atiqot

The petrographic analysis of the finds from Sha‘ar Efrayim was conducted in an attempt to gain a better understanding of the cultural interaction of the site with other regions. For this purpose, fifteen Chlacolithic-period and Early Bronze Age clay artifacts were examined and grouped according to the characteristics of the raw material. The results shed light on the different raw materials used for specific vessel types in various periods, and provide important data for further discussions, e.g., regarding trade patterns during these periods.

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A Chalcolithic And Early Bronze Age I Burial Ground Near Sha‘Ar Efrayim In The Sharon Plain (Pp. 1–53), Edwin C.M. Van Den Brink Jan 2025

A Chalcolithic And Early Bronze Age I Burial Ground Near Sha‘Ar Efrayim In The Sharon Plain (Pp. 1–53), Edwin C.M. Van Den Brink

'Atiqot

Near Sha‘ar Efrayim, in the Sharon coastal plain, five karstic burial caves were uncovered, belonging to two burial phases: from the Chalcolothic periodand Early Bronze Age I. The finds attributed to the Chalcolithic period included clay coffins and domiform ossuaries—both exhibiting red-painted designs and applied features—and typical pottery vessels, e.g., V-shaped bowls, cornets, fenestrated bowl stands, holemouths, lug handles and achurn(?). The EB I assemblage comprised Gray Burnished Ware, vessels with wavy-ledged handles and high looped handles and a potstand. Other finds include bone objects, beads, metal finds and an outstanding clay female figurine. Post EB I finds were retrieved …

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The Coins From Ḥorbat Ḥaẓaẓ, Ashqelon (Hebrew, Pp. 99–104; English Summary, Pp. 81*–82*), Helena Sokolov, Gabriela Bijovsky Jan 2025

The Coins From Ḥorbat Ḥaẓaẓ, Ashqelon (Hebrew, Pp. 99–104; English Summary, Pp. 81*–82*), Helena Sokolov, Gabriela Bijovsky

'Atiqot

During the excavation at Ḥorbat Hazaz, 94 bronze coins were uncovered, 36 of which were identified. The earliest coin dates to the Seleucid period and the latest, to the Early Islamic period. Noteworthy among the Roman coins are a coin of Hadrian struck in Ascalon and a coin of Faustina II minted in Gaza. Of the Byzantine-period coins, four are small pentanummi, some most probably imitations. Of note is a coin of Constans II that was overstruck on a coin of Heraclius.

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Human Skeletal Remains From The Burial Cave At ‘Ar‘Ara (Hebrew, Pp. 51*–60*; English Summary, P. 201), Yossi Nagar, Vered Eshed Jan 2025

Human Skeletal Remains From The Burial Cave At ‘Ar‘Ara (Hebrew, Pp. 51*–60*; English Summary, P. 201), Yossi Nagar, Vered Eshed

'Atiqot

The bones, which were found scattered above an alluvium fill in the cave, were well preserved. They represent at least forty individuals, the majority of which were adult males. Many of the bones manifested an inflammatory disease, which would account for the burial manner and the absence of children under the age of ten.

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An Ancient Flour Mill On The Northern Dam Of The ‘Tanninim Reservoir’ (Hebrew, Pp. 151–166; English Summary, Pp. 86*–87*), Yosef Porath, Peter Gendelman, Yael Arnon Jan 2025

An Ancient Flour Mill On The Northern Dam Of The ‘Tanninim Reservoir’ (Hebrew, Pp. 151–166; English Summary, Pp. 86*–87*), Yosef Porath, Peter Gendelman, Yael Arnon

'Atiqot

Excavations at the site, located between the foothills of the Carmel ridge on the east and the central kurkar ridge on the west, revealed three superimposed mills. The earliest mill probably functioned not earlier than the fifth century CE. The Crusader-period mill was constructed above the western hall of the earlier mill, apparently during the twelfth century CE, and went out of use during the thirteenth or fourteenth century CE. The latest mill, which was inserted in the eastern hall of the earliest mill, was dated to the Ottoman period based on several pottery fragments. These mills are part of …

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Glass Vessels From The Burial Cave At ‘Ar‘Ara (Hebrew, Pp. 47*–50*; English Summary, P. 200), Ruth E. Jackson-Tal Jan 2025

Glass Vessels From The Burial Cave At ‘Ar‘Ara (Hebrew, Pp. 47*–50*; English Summary, P. 200), Ruth E. Jackson-Tal

'Atiqot

Twenty well-preserved glass items were retrieved from the two burial phases in the burial cave at ‘Ar‘ara. Among the artifacts from the Late Roman period were candlestick-type bottles, jars, beads and bracelets; one bead was made of gold-glass. The glass finds from the Mamluk period included a plaque and a bracelet.

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Glass Vessels From Khirbat Deiran, Rehovot (Hebrew, Pp. 145–149; English Summary, P. 85*), Yael Gorin-Rosen Jan 2025

Glass Vessels From Khirbat Deiran, Rehovot (Hebrew, Pp. 145–149; English Summary, P. 85*), Yael Gorin-Rosen

'Atiqot

The salvage excavation at Khirbat Deiran, Rehovot, yielded 77 glass fragments, 34 of them diagnostic. Several vessels date to the early occupation of the site, during the Early Roman, Late Roman and Byzantine periods. These vessels, characteristic of the above-mentioned periods, are found throughout the country. The later vessels, dating to the Islamic period (ninth-eleventh centuries CE), are rare, and are almost unknown from excavated contexts.

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The Coins From Khirbat Deiran, Rehovot (Pp. 65*–68*), Robert Kool Jan 2025

The Coins From Khirbat Deiran, Rehovot (Pp. 65*–68*), Robert Kool

'Atiqot

Twenty coins were found in the excavations at Khirbat Deiran, Rehovot, originating from two strata (II–I). Most of the numismatic evidence dates to a single chronological unit, beginning with pre-reform folles (fourth–fifth centuries CE), followed by post-reform folles (sixth–early seventh centuries CE) and ending with fulūs from the Umayyad period (late seventh–eighth centuries CE) through the Abbasid period. Two coins—a Roman Provincial bronze and a Mamluk fals—are an exception in this assemblage.

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