Arts and Humanities Commons^™

The Genesis Machine: Our Quest To Rewrite Life In The Age Of Synthetic Biology, Diane Dieuliis

Joint Force Quarterly

Emerging biotechnologies have captured the imagination, interest, and concerns of the world. Scenarios once relegated to science fiction movies and novels are now potentially within the grasp of bioengineering. The purposeful design of biology can enable novel ways to meet a variety of societal needs—from the biomanufacturing of commodities to gene therapies and the recreation of once-extinct organisms. This biological revolution, or “bioeconomy,” has the potential to address important issues such as climate change, sustainable energy, and food production, as well as improved medicines and quality of life for all. But with this capability comes dual use (that is, not …

Applying Three Decisionmaking Models To The Lakota Sioux Wars, Jacob Ivie, Bradley F. Podliska

Joint Force Quarterly

Examining the factors leading to the decisions made by Crazy Horse, Custer, and Reno through the lenses of expected utility, cybernetic, and poliheuristic decision strategies enables objectivity in analysis and hindsight. It also offers an example of how to study three different leaders, each of whom resolved uncertainty with their decisions, even if such decisions proved disastrous. Modern leaders can utilize these same tools to make sense of complexity and to apply a framework to analyze an opponent’s past decisions, compare the findings to the present situation, and then predict future courses of action.

Converting A Political- To A Military-Strategic Objective, Milan Vego

Joint Force Quarterly

Political objectives are usually achieved by using one’s military power. Converting political objectives into achievable military-strategic objectives is the primary responsibility of military-strategic leadership. This process is largely an art rather than a science. There are many potential pitfalls because much depends on the knowledge, understanding, experience, and judgment of military-strategic leaders. Most often, mistakes made are only recognized after setbacks or defeats suffered during the hostilities. Despite its critical importance, there is no consensus on the steps and methods in converting political- into military-strategic objectives. There is scant writing on the subject in either doctrinal documents or professional journals.

The "Survival Chain": Medical Support To Military Operations On The Future Battlefield, Jennifer M. Gurney, Jeremy C. Pamplin, Mason H. Remondelli, Stacy A. Shackelford, Jay B. Baker, Sean P. Conley, Benjamin K. Potter, Travis M. Polk, Eric A. Elster, Kyle N. Remick

Joint Force Quarterly

The Department of Defense Joint Trauma System (JTS) was created to provide optimal care to the wounded on a battlefield. The current National Defense Strategy anticipates future threats of large-scale combat operations (LSCO) against peer adversaries that may limit overall freedom of maneuver for medical evacuation, increase survivability risk of medical units, and limit timeliness and robustness of critical medical logistics. Thus, the JTS must continue to evolve and embrace the concept of Medical Performance Optimization (MPO) to adapt to this new operational reality.

From Made In China” To “Created In China”: Intellectual Property Rights In The People’S Republic Of China, Gerald J. Krieger

Joint Force Quarterly

No abstract provided.

Don’T Get Lost In The Numbers: An Analytic Framework For Nuclear Force Requirements Debates, Patrick Mckenna, Dylan Land

Joint Force Quarterly

This article proposes an approach to nuclear force sizing debates based on a framework built on four analytic dimensions: overarching risk management approaches; deterrence and assurance objectives; strategic force employment guidance; and operational constraints. The answers to key questions across these dimensions provide a structure to inform debates about the appropriate size and characteristics of U.S. nuclear forces. Only after clarifying U.S. objectives across these dimensions and focusing on key considerations therein should policymakers enter nuclear force sizing debates. The resulting analysis does not advocate for any policy position or hypothesize the “correct” number of nuclear forces. Instead, the purpose …

Preventing The Nuclear Jungle: Extended Deterrence, Assurance, And Nonproliferation, Jennifer Bradley

Joint Force Quarterly

Today, most people do not remember a time when the United States was not allied with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Australia, Japan, and the Republic of Korea. As these alliances span over seven decades, it is easy to take for granted that the relationships will continue as they always have into the future. The changing security landscape and the emergence of the two-peer nuclear environment will challenge extended deterrence in ways not yet well understood. This requires reexamining deterrence strategies and potentially acquiring new capabilities to effectively assure allies and close the growing “assurance gap.”

New Strategic Deterrence Frameworks For Modern-Day Challenges, Kayse Jansen

Joint Force Quarterly

Decades of fighting militarily inferior adversaries with little to no concern of strategic escalation have atrophied the intellectual frameworks required to deter and, if necessary, fight today’s potential adversaries. Paths to nuclear use, strategies that simultaneously account for prevailing conventionally while deterring strategic attacks, and concepts to restore deterrence should an adversary choose strategic escalation are among the most important considerations the United States must contend with in an era of intensifying Great Power competition. So along with modernizing the hardware and software of the U.S. nuclear enterprise, we are called to revitalize our cognitive approaches. This requires the national …

Wicked Deterrence Challenge: The Changing Strategic Landscape, Thomas Hammerle

Joint Force Quarterly

The National Security Strategy of the United States laid out that the Nation is entering a decisive decade—not only for itself but also for the world. The current era of strategic competition is characterized by the reemergence of a geopolitical contest between powerful states over the shape of the future global order. After World War II, the Allies established a rules-based international order rooted in cooperative values and predicated on a framework of diplomatic and economic rules, led and enforced by like-minded nations. This system has enabled decades of prosperity for all nations that have elected to participate, but it …

An Interview With Anthony J. Cotton, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

Our threats are not isolated to one command or nation. These global challenges require a concerted effort to strengthen not only deterrence but also partnerships with our allies and partners. For the first time, the United States faces two major nuclear powers that could operate at any level or domain of conflict to meet their national objectives. We are now in a multipolar world with potential adversaries that could threaten the United States, our allies, and our partners with nuclear weapons and nonnuclear capabilities that could have devastating impacts.

Accelerating Cyber Leader Development: A Call To Action For Service War Colleges, Alfredo Rodriguez Iii

Joint Force Quarterly

Cyber leaders find their organizations under constant cyber attack from millions of daily intrusions disrupting everything from our electoral system to our social media feeds. Today, cyberspace provides both technological opportunity and vulnerability. The frightening reality is that the Nation is adrift in a dangerous cyberspace domain, a warfighting domain that stores, processes, and analyzes data under the uncertain eye of ill-prepared senior cyber leaders. This article is squarely focused on a recommendation to deliberately develop senior cyber leaders within the Department of Defense (DOD) to win in this dangerous battlespace.

A New Form Of Accountability In Jpme: The Shift To Outcomes-Based Military Education, Kristin Mulready-Stone

Joint Force Quarterly

The programs responsible for teaching joint professional military education (JPME) Phases I and II are undergoing a significant transformation in demonstrating their mission fulfillment. Governed by the Officer Professional Military Education Policy (OPMEP), particularly OPMEP-F, implemented on May 15, 2020, these institutions are moving towards outcomes-based military education (OBME). Unlike previous versions, OPMEP-F requires programs to prove achievement on defined learning outcomes, marking a departure from merely demonstrating coverage of mandated content. This shift reflects a comprehensive change in validating JPME program success and ensuring graduates reach specified levels of achievement on defined learning outcomes.

Microgrids For The 21st Century: The Case For A Defense Energy Architecture, Steven Curtis, Peter D. Rocha

Joint Force Quarterly

The Department of Defense (DOD) needs a new approach to electrical grid infrastructure to maintain security and access to operational energy. Recent natural disasters and cyber attacks have exposed the vulnerability of the current system, posing threats to military operational readiness. Strategic military facilities currently acquire most of their electric power directly from the national grid, which is increasingly vulnerable to failures. The problems experienced to date could be exponentially worse if targeted by a sophisticated adversary.

Position, Navigation, And Timing Weaponization In The Maritime Domain: Orientation In The Era Of Great Systems Conflict, Diane M. Zorri, Gary C. Kessler

Joint Force Quarterly

The jamming and spoofing of Global Positioning System (GPS) and the Automatic Identification System (AIS) information has escalated in the last half-dozen years from simple demonstrations of capability to truly dangerous situations where misperceptions could ignite a major conflict. Because of the grave danger that GPS and AIS weaponization entails, it is essential that policymakers and maritime operators understand not only the risks and implications of these threats, but also the mitigation techniques and countermeasures that add resilience to the warfighter.

When Does Gray Zone Confrontation End? A Conceptual Analysis, Lukas Milevski

Joint Force Quarterly

The gray zone remains one of the most fashionable strategic concepts of the past few years in the United States, it encapsulates a particular subset of international relations, in the process affecting the ideational distinction between war and peace. While the gray zone concept may have negligible strategic-analytical merit, its high social utility persists and should be recognized.

Executive Summary, William T. Eliason

Joint Force Quarterly

As you work through some of the pressing issues facing the joint force, we are here to help your ideas get a complete and full airing out. The only way we can change is to help each other to see the need to do so and then suggest a proper path to that new future. We need you to help be a good wingman and show us how to succeed.

Letter From Willie Harn To Eartha White, Willie Harn

Eartha M. M. White Textual Material

Correspondence: Note from Willie Harn to Eartha White requesting assistance in finding work. Handwritten notes on the reverse of note listing names. Undated.

Drs2024: Boston, Colin M. Gray, Estefania Ciliotta Chehade, Paul Hekkert, Laura Forlano, Paolo Ciuccarelli, Peter Lloyd

DRS Conference Volumes

Boston, a city renowned for its academic traditions and historical significance, is our setting for DRS2024. And Northeastern University’s College of Arts, Media, and Design is our host institution, in partnership with the Harvard University Graduate School of Design and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Morningside Academy for Design. The call for papers for DRS2024 resulted in a huge response, with 1184 abstracts and 869 full paper submissions—over a 47% increase from DRS2022. Of these submissions, 78 were desk rejected and 791 papers underwent rigorous peer review. Based on this review process, we are pleased to include 386 accepted papers …

06.24.2024 Orsp Connect, Liz Williamson

ORED Newsletter

Research Networking Lunch (LINC), NIH podcast, CREW (Community First Research Center for Wellbeing and Creative Achievement) Premier Physics Experiment

Instructor's Manual: Where's My Compass?, Steven Sparling

Journal of Arts Entrepreneurship Education

The performing arts is a perennially over-subscribed market with more performers than available jobs. The COVID-19 pandemic brought a previously constrained market to a standstill. For many students graduating from musical theatre and acting programs the lack of employment opportunities in performance was discouraging. The attached case studies examine the experience of three graduates and how they used skills adjacent to their performing skills to launch small business ventures. This Instructor’s Manual uses SWOT Analysis and the Ansoff Matrix as tools to assist students in analyzing the case studies (and as planning tools for their own entrepreneurial ventures). It also …

Genealogical Ethics In The United States And The Popularization Of Genealogical Research In The Digital Age, Thomas Daniel Knight

History Faculty Publications

This article examines genealogical ethics in the digital age. At a time when more resources for research are available digitally than ever previously, digital media also pose challenges for the large-scale dissemination of false or misleading information as well as the incautious presentation of more careful research that then might be misconstrued by some. This article first reviews the literature about the development of academic genealogy and professional ethical standards. It then provides a series of case studies, each of which examines particular situations in which ethical questions have arisen about the presentation of research findings. This article argues for …

E-Lit's #1 Hit: Is Instagram Poetry E-Literature?, Kathi Inman Berens

English Faculty Publications and Presentations

Preface

A lot has happened in the world, and in e-literature, since my essay débuted as a conference presentation then a publication in electronic book review in 2018. Global protests against the murders of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor during the pandemic summer of 2020 sparked reckoning with how banal, mainstream, and lethal is white supremacy. Six months later, in response to specific critiques about access and equity inside the Electronic Literature Organization, its Board of Directors published a statement about Equity, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) as a core value. As an editor of the Electronic Literature Collective Volume 4, …

Családi, Joelle Nagy

LSU Master's Theses

Családi (Magyar/Hungarian) adjective: related to the family; related to the home

CSALÁDI is a compendium of paintings and sculpture that narrate and itemize memories, mementos, and feelings from my childhood in relation to the home. It is an autobiographical agglomeration of objects and spaces that I am honoring and remembering through the act of creating. I am effectuating the feminine and maternal instinct of gathering and arranging my memories pertaining to personal history and inherited cultural identity through altar-making. Idiosyncratic items are collected and bound through color association and sensory memory. Constructing interior and exterior spaces of the home in …

Fostering Pluriversal Perspectives In Theory Of Change: A Case Of An Urban Regeneration Project, Hadas Zohar, Luca Simeone, Nicola Morelli, Amalia De Götzen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper chronicles how we used a Theory of Change visual map to support pluriversal perspectives in urban regeneration projects. The map was tested in four cities under regeneration as part of the T-Factor project. Unlike most Theory of Change maps, it supported city stakeholders in three main aspects: 1) planning interventions to operate within multiple time horizons, 2) considering multiple actors, both human and non-human, in the decision-making process, and 3) reflecting on planned interventions to ensure a long-term impact beyond project scope. In addition, the Theory of Change map led towards a new approach for portfolio-based interventions in …

Accessible Food Networks: Case Studies’ Insights For Impacting Systemic And Socio-Cultural Transformations Of University Campuses As Urban Players., Davide Fassi, Annalinda De Rosa, Irene Bassi

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In recent decades, there has been a growing momentum in adopting public and private food procurement initiatives as policy instruments to improve the quality and affordability of the food provided in public and private sectors to reach so-cial and environmental sustainability. This includes logistics, service innovation and multi-stakeholder involvement in designing solutions. This paper examines the influence of food systems on facilitating future systemic transition in urban neighbourhoods and peri-urban areas. It does so by analysing case studies and building upon the objectives of an ongoing national research project that will test alternative food networks on university campuses. The article …

Co-Creating Pluralistic Futures: A Systematic Literature Review On Participatory Speculative Design, Yingfei Ye, Duoduo Zhang

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In an increasingly uncertain future context, participatory speculative design be-come a future probe for exploring complex socio-technical issues and a diverse world. Compared to speculative design, the focus of participatory speculative de-sign shifts from artifacts to process, empowering the public through multi-stakeholder participation. Building upon future prototypes and scenarios, partic-ipants and designers co-create potential pluralistic futures, and democratize im-agination. This paper, based on a literature review of recent research in this field, outlines three practical pathways of participatory speculative design, which are characterized as "technical speculation," "social speculation," and "integrated speculation," along with seven participatory methods that can be used …

Leveraging Play And Rube Goldberg Machines To Teach 21st Century + Design Skills, Anna Elyse Gilbertson, Alana Madison Aamodt

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In an AI-dominated landscape, creative, collaborative, and open-ended problem solving are increasingly critical skills. Traditional science and design toys pair stepwise instructions with single-configuration forms, while pixel-based building systems become an extension of the user’s existing capacity. By requiring creative re-imagination of everyday objects, chain reaction (rube goldberg) machines are a promising concept for practicing and expanding creative design skills through play. We calibrated formal and instructional constraints across two major design iterations, utilizing ethnographic interviewing, behavioral observation, and documentation of creative output to understand, quantify, and react to the impact of design changes. Paired with appropriate creative restraints, a …

“Another Eye For The Visually Impaired”: A Study Exploring The Experience Of Using Camera-Based Mobile Assistive Applications, Lizhou Niu, Arthi Manohar, Hua Dong, Weining Ning

DRS Biennial Conference Series

More and more visually impaired people rely on assistive technology to live independently, and camera-based applications are a typical technology used to capture and recognize objects. While the researchers have provided ample information on this technology, more studies are needed on user experience. To explore how visually impaired people perceive and resolve the issues in daily use and what factors may affect their usage intention, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 14 visually impaired participants based in London, and all the data was transcribed through thematic analysis. We identified three main themes in the study: i) recognition, ii) encouragement, and iii) …

Critical Service Design For Government Innovation, Lara Salinas, Laura Yarrow, Marion Lagedamont

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper contributes to the discussion on the roles and pedagogy of design, based on a case study of collaboration between government and academia. The authors are design practice researchers and civil servants and present a collaborative case study from Spring 2023 that aimed at developing anticipatory innovation capability in the UK’s Government Digital Service, involving postgraduate service design students and exploring critical service design (Salinas, 2022, 2023) as an alternative way of contributing to the formulation of public policies and services. The collaboration led to new competencies in public design for those involved and resulted in the creation of …

Transformative Sketching: Unveiling Character Identity In Two Dimensions, Sanya Jain, Prasad Bokil

DRS Biennial Conference Series

We understand this world through our sense perceptions and past associations. The main objective of the study was to sketch the face of a character with a specific identity, so that it aligns with its intended description, thus ensuring it is perceived as intended. The use of shapes and features of animals have helped to derive characters that represent an archetype. The digital representations of these characters find their place along two distinct axes: (i) transitioning from elaborate to minimal and (ii) shifting between animalistic and human features. The methodology harmoniously merges diverse character appearances, eliminating fragmentation. We place significant …