Power and Energy Commons^™

Whiteboard Drawing Device, Stefan Ilic, Andrew Adams, Vaughn Richards, James Medved

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Whiteboards have become a staple in many classrooms, especially in the context of STEM courses. However, when it comes to teaching complex topics, it can be difficult or impractical to provide accurate drawings and visualizations by hand, and in extreme cases may lead to misinterpretation of a particular topic. To fix this issue, the Whiteboard Drawing Device allows users to draw preset shapes to a whiteboard automatically, both quickly and accurately. Using either a smartphone application or a set of onboard controls, the device allows users to automatically draw straight lines, rectangles, triangles, sinusoidal waves, and circles on the whiteboard. …

Enabling Cybersecure And Resilient Smart Distribution Grid With Edge Devices, Partha Sarathi Sarker

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The smart distribution grid achieves enhanced efficiency and flexibility through the utilization of advanced communication infrastructure, digital devices, and robust computation and control capabilities. Grid-edge devices including distributed energy resources (DERs) like solar photovoltaics (PV), battery storage systems, and intelligent electric loads like electric vehicles and smart appliances, are contributing to the growth of the smart distribution grid. This evolution is transforming the grid into a multifaceted network of interconnected devices and systems, enabling bidirectional data communication and power flows. However, these new layers of data integration and control in the smart grid introduce vulnerabilities to cyberattacks and accidental failures, …

Application Of Conventional Feedforward And Deep Neural Networks To Power Distribution System State Estimation And State Forecasting, James Paul Carmichael

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Classical neural networks such as feedforward multilayer perceptron models (MLPs) are well established as universal approximators and as such, show promise in applications such as static state estimation in power transmission systems. This research investigates the application of conventional neural networks (MLPs) and deep learning based models such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and long short-term memory networks (LSTMs) to mitigate challenges in power distribution system state estimation and forecasting based upon conventional analytic methods. The ability of MLPs to perform regression to perform power system state estimation will be investigated. MLPs are considered based upon their promise to learn …

Enhancing Traffic Safety In Unpredicted Environments With Integration Of Adas Features With Sensor Fusion In Intelligent Electric Vehicle Platform With Implementation Of Environmental Mapping Technology, David S. Obando Ortegon

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

A major objective on society is to reduce the number of accidents and fatalities on the road for drivers, and pedestrians. Therefore, the automotive engineering field is working on this problem through the development and integration of safety technologies such as advanced driving assistance systems. For this reason, this work was intended to develop and evaluate the performance of different ADAS features and IV technologies under unexpected scenarios. This by the development of safety algorithms applied to the intelligent electric vehicle designed and built in this work, through the use of ADAS sensors based on sensor fusion. Evaluation of AEB, …

การเปรียบเทียบปริมาณการปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ระหว่างยานยนต์สันดาปกับยานยนต์ไฟฟ้าแบตเตอรี่ในประเทศไทยด้วยแบบจำลองปัจจัยการผลิตและผลผลิต, ชณาภัทร์ สว่างศรี

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

โครงสร้างการผลิตไฟฟ้าของประเทศไทยซึ่งเป็นเชื้อเพลิงของยานยนต์ไฟฟ้ามีสัดส่วนการพึ่งพาพลังงานจากเชื้อเพลิงฟอสซิลมากถึงร้อยละ 74.88 ของกำลังการผลิตในปี 2562 จึงเกิดคำถามวิจัยว่า การเปลี่ยนผ่านจากยานยนต์สันดาปสู่ยานยนต์ไฟฟ้าตามมาตรการการส่งเสริมยานยนต์ไฟฟ้าเพื่อลดการปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ในภาคขนส่ง เป็นเพียงการย้ายการปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์จากภาคขนส่งสู่ภาคพลังงานเท่านั้นหรือไม่ การศึกษานี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อเปรียบเทียบการปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ที่เกิดขึ้นจากการผลิตและการใช้งานยานยนต์ระหว่างยานยนต์สันดาปและยานยนต์ไฟฟ้าแบตเตอรี่ในประเทศไทย ซึ่งไม่รวมส่วนของการบำรุงรักษา และการกำจัดซาก โดยใช้แบบจำลองปัจจัยการผลิตและผลผลิตวิเคราะห์การเปลี่ยนแปลงที่เกิดขึ้นจากความต้องการยานยนต์และเชื้อเพลิง และหาปริมาณปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์จากการเปลี่ยนแปลงดังกล่าวผ่านค่าสัมประสิทธิ์การปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ต่อหน่วยของมูลค่าผลผลิต ผลการศึกษาพบว่ากระบวนการผลิตยานยนต์สันดาปก่อให้เกิดการปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ 12.45 ตันต่อรถยนต์ 1 คัน ในขณะที่กระบวนการผลิตยานยนต์ไฟฟ้าแบตเตอรี่ก่อให้เกิดการปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ 14.85 ตันต่อรถยนต์ 1 คัน เมื่อพิจารณาการปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์จากการใช้งานยานยนต์เป็นระยะเวลา 5 ปี พบว่าการผลิตเชื้อเพลิงน้ำมันมีปริมาณการปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ 1.86 ตัน และมีปริมาณการปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์จากการขับเคลื่อนยานยนต์สันดาป 21.80 ตัน ในขณะที่ปริมาณก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์จากการผลิตเชื้อเพลิงกระแสไฟฟ้าเพื่ออัดประจุยานยนต์มีค่า 7.08 ตัน ทำให้โดยรวมการผลิตและใช้งานยานยนต์สันดาปมีปริมาณการปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ 36.11 ตัน และการผลิตและใช้งานยานยนต์ไฟฟ้าแบตเตอรี่มีปริมาณการปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ 21.93 ตัน ทั้งนี้ยังไม่นับรวมปริมาณการปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์จากการเปลี่ยนแบตเตอรี่ของยานยนต์ไฟฟ้าแบตเตอรี่ซึ่งมีรอบระยะการเปลี่ยนที่ 5–8 ปี การเปลี่ยนจากยานยนต์สันดาปมาใช้งานยานยนต์ไฟฟ้าแบตเตอรี่ในระยะเวลา 5 ปี จะปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ลดลงร้อยละ 39.26 โดยภาคขนส่งจะมีการปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ลดลง แต่ในภาคการผลิตไฟฟ้าจะมีการปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์เพิ่มสูงขึ้น นอกจากนี้การศึกษายังพบว่าการปรับเปลี่ยนเทคโนโลยีของสาขาการผลิตไฟฟ้าเป็นปัจจัยสำคัญในการลดการปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์โดยรวมของประเทศ

Battery Energy Storage Systems Applications And Deployment In Dense Urban Areas, Mohamed K. Kamaludeen

Dissertations and Theses

Energy Storage has emerged as an important focus of the U.S. federal government, which has established the goal of developing global leadership in energy storage and has a near-term focus on strengthening the supply chain, manufacturing, and funding streams available to achieve the overarching objectives. At the state level, similar efforts are underway in which policy objectives have set aggressive targets around energy storage deployment. New York State, through its landmark climate act “CLCPA” and subsequent Energy Storage roadmap 2.0, has set one of the most aggressive goals in the Country targeting 6,000MW of energy storage by 2030. While much …

Synthesis And Application Of Redox-Active Covalent Organic Frameworks In Rechargeable Batteries, Mohammad K. Shehab

Theses and Dissertations

Synthesis and Application of Redox-Active Covalent Organic Frameworks in Rechargeable Batteries

Mohammad K. Shehab

Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States

Abstract

In recent years, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been considered the dominant energy storage devices for portable electronics and electric vehicles due to their high energy density, low self-discharge rate, and long cycle life. In LIBs, the traditional positive electrodes employed are mainly derived from metal-containing inorganic compounds composed of cobalt, iron, nickel, or manganese (LiCoO₂, LiMn₂O₄, and LiFePO₄) coupled with graphite as the negative electrode. Despite …

Solid-State Electrolytes For Long Duration Molten Sodium Batteries, Ryan C. Hill

Theses and Dissertations--Chemical and Materials Engineering

Rechargeable batteries have become a staple of modern society, driving the development and expansion of portable electronics and electric vehicles. The long lifetime and high energy density provided by batteries have made them excellent candidates for use in the emerging field of long duration, grid-scale energy storage. However, traditional battery chemistries, such as Li-ion, are not an ideal solution for grid-scale storage, due to high-cost raw materials that are often sourced from volatile markets. Sodium-based batteries are a promising alternative for long duration storage, owing to the domestic abundance of raw materials and energy densities that nearly rival that of …

Probing Signal-Based Data-Driven Modeling Of Power Electronics Smart Converter Dynamics Using Power Hardware-In-The-Loop, Nischal Guruwacharya

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The main objective of this dissertation is to develop a generalized simulation and modeling framework for extracting dynamics of power electronic converters (PECs) with grid support functions (GSFs) and validate model accuracy through experimental comparison with physical measurements. The dynamic models obtained from this modeling framework aim to facilitate accurate dynamic analysis of a highly integrated power system comprising inverter-based resources (IBRs), specifically for stability assessment. These dynamic models helped in reducing simulation time and computational complexity, thereby enhancing efficiency. Moreover, it provides valuable insights for utilities and grid operators involved in effective system planning, operation, and dispatch. The dynamics …

Technical And Economic Feasibility Of A Microgrid For A Fire Station In Humboldt County, California., Nishaant Kumar Sinha

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Microgrids are emerging as a promising solution to unreliable grid energy. Today, California is not only witnessing grid resiliency challenges from natural disasters such as wildfires, earthquakes, floods and heatwaves, but it is also seeking to green the grid and bring more renewables online. For example, Humboldt County, where this project is focused, has recently experienced an earthquake of 6.4M (on December 22nd, 2022), which shut down the regional grid for ~20 hours.

Microgrid adoption enables critical facilities to operate seamlessly. The Humboldt Bay Fire Station (HBFS) No.1 is one such example, where first responders work to protect citizens against …

Energy-Efficient Multi-Rate Opportunistic Routing In Wireless Mesh Networks, Mohammad Ali Mansouri Khah, Neda Moghim, Nasrin Gholami, Sachin Shetty

VMASC Publications

Opportunistic or anypath routing protocols are focused on improving the performance of traditional routing in wireless mesh networks. They do so by leveraging the broadcast nature of the wireless medium and the spatial diversity of the network. Using a set of neighboring nodes, instead of a single specific node, as the next hop forwarder is a crucial aspect of opportunistic routing protocols, and the selection of the forwarder set plays a vital role in their performance. However, most opportunistic routing protocols consider a single transmission rate and power for the nodes, which limits their potential. To address this limitation, this …

Fem Eem Dataset: Optimising Retrofitted Insulation For Irish Residential Building Walls, Rakshit D. Muddu, Aimee Byrne, Anthony Robinson Dr.

Datasets

A large number of combinations of Irish wall types, insulation materials, and heating fuel types were produced to compare the multiple variables which influence Optimal Insulation Thickness values. The total cost (TC) and carbon emission (CE) at optimum insulation thickness (OIT) for all combinations of insulation material and three types of fuel are considered. The dataset presents OIT for solid wall, cavity wall and cavity block wall types located in Monaghan, Dublin, and Kerry.

Mitigating Anomalous Electricity Consumption In Smart Cities Using An Ai-Based Stacked-Generalization Technique, Arshid Ali, Laiq Khan, Nadeem Javaid, Safdar Hussain Bouk, Abdulaziz Aldegheishem, Nabil Alrahjeh

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Energy management and efficient asset utilization play an important role in the economic development of a country. The electricity produced at the power station faces two types of losses from the generation point to the end user. These losses are technical losses (TL) and non-technical losses (NTL). TLs occurs due to the use of inefficient equipment. While NTLs occur due to the anomalous consumption of electricity by the customers, which happens in many ways; energy theft being one of them. Energy theft majorly happens to cut down on the electricity bills. These losses in the smart grid (SG) are the …

Wireless Environmental Weather Monitor, Joel Christie-Millett, Nathan Schroeder, Sylvester Wilson, Matthew Szijarto

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

The goal of this senior design/honors project is to create a device that monitors environmental conditions in order to detect a wildfire. This device should notify a user of the status of the environment. The device should also last for 6 months without any human interaction. My role on the team is to design the power supply system that maximizes efficiency and uses renewable energy.

Continuity Of Formal Power Series Products In Nonlinear Control Theory, W. Steven Gray, Mathias Palmstrøm, Alexander Schmeding

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Formal power series products appear in nonlinear control theory when systems modeled by Chen–Fliess series are interconnected to form new systems. In fields like adaptive control and learning systems, the coefficients of these formal power series are estimated sequentially with real-time data. The main goal is to prove the continuity and analyticity of such products with respect to several natural (locally convex) topologies on spaces of locally convergent formal power series in order to establish foundational properties behind these technologies. In addition, it is shown that a transformation group central to describing the output feedback connection is in fact an …

An Extendable High Step-Up Dc-Dc Converter For Renewable Energy Applications, Saeed Habibi, Ramin Rahimi, Mehdi Ferdowsi, Pourya Shamsi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, a high step-up DC-DC converter based on a switched-inductor-capacitor-diode (SLCD) cell is proposed. the proposed converter provides a high voltage gain, low voltage stress on the power switches and diodes, and a low input current ripple. Moreover, the proposed converter is extendable, meaning that the voltage gain could be further increased by using a higher number of proposed cells in the topology. the steady-state analysis and comparison of the proposed converter to the other existing converters are presented. a 200 W, 40 V to 380 V experimental setup is developed to verify the steady-state analysis of the …

Bidirectional Asymmetric Clllc Resonant Dc-Dc Converter For Onboard Electric Vehicle Chargers, Angshuman Sharma, Alvaro Cardoza, Kartikeya J.P. Veeramraju, Oroghene Oboreh-Snapps, Jonathan W. Kimball

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Bidirectional CLLLC resonant dc-dc converters with an asymmetric tank can narrow the switching frequency bandwidth required to meet the asymmetric voltage gains in the two directions of power flow. Consequently, higher power density and efficiency may be feasible. in this paper, a CLLLC resonant converter with asymmetric primary and secondary capacitances is investigated for charging and discharging the next-generation 900 V traction battery of an electric vehicle. First, a new voltage gain equation is formulated using the First Harmonic Approximation. Then, the proposed gain equation is used to design the asymmetric resonant tank. the effects of asymmetric capacitances on the …

Small Signal Stability Analysis Of Virtual Impedance Control In Islanded Microgrid, Oroghene Oboreh-Snapps, Kartikeya J.P. Veeramraju, Arnold Fernandes, Alvaro Cardoza, Angshuman Sharma, Jonathan Saelens, Jonathan W. Kimball

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper examines the impact of virtual impedance control in an inverter-dominated microgrid (MG) system. the goal is to provide a clear understanding of Virtual Impedance (VI) control toward MG stability. This analysis is performed by developing the system's Small-Signal Model (SSM) and studying the poles' trajectory change when the system's key control parameters are varied. the results indicate that VI will benefit system stability when considering MG with low X/R while negatively affecting MG with high X/R. Also, there is a trade-off between the coupling impedance of the inverter and the VI parameters, which needs to be considered when …

Techno-Economic Analysis Of A Utility-Scale Solar Power Plant In Bhutan., Minjur

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Solar Photovoltaic (PV) technology, which captures energy from the sun, is a rapidly growing technology. Bhutan’s heavy dependence on a single energy source, hydropower, has become a significant concern for energy security. To address this, the Government of Bhutan intends to diversify energy sources using alternative renewable sources.

This research determined that Bhutan has the total potential to develop 3 gigawatts (GW) of solar power based on the utilization of about 7,100 acres of suitable land. The study also identified Tenchhekha, near the capital city of Thimphu, as a potential solar power plant location, with a capacity of 4.85 MWp …

An Unmanned Aircraft System For Marking Live Power Lines To Prevent Bird Collisions, Mattheuns D. Pretorius, Lourens Leeuwner, Kaajial Durgapersad, Constant Hoogstad, Peter Beckedahl, Michael D. Michael, Kishaylin Chetty

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Collisions with overhead power lines represent a significant cause of mortality for a number of large bird species worldwide. Certain threatened species are severely impacted by power line collisions, particularly those for which there are no other known significant threats. In South Africa, bird collisions with overhead power line cables, including collisions with phase conductors and shield wires, contribute significantly to annual threatened bird species mortalities associated with Eskom power lines. The most practical mitigation measure is to attach bird anti-collision devices as markers on the cables. Current marking methods involve installations by hand, where linemen are hoisted up to …