Power and Energy Commons^™

Optimising Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure In Dublin Using Geecharge, Alexander Mutua Mutiso, Ruairí De Fréin, Ali Malik, Eliel Kibanza, Marco Sahbane, Maxime Pantel

Conference papers

Range anxiety poses a hurdle to the adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs), as drivers worry about running out of charge without timely access to a Charging Point (CP). We present novel methods for optimising the distribution of CPs, namely, EV portacharge and GEECharge. These solutions distribute CPs in Dublin, in this paper, by considering the population density and Points Of Interest (POIs) or road traffic. The object of this paper is to (1) develop and evaluate methods to distribute CPs in Dublin city; (2) optimise CP allocation; (3) visualise paths in the graph network to show the most used roads …

Editorial: Internet Of Energy For Renewable Energy-Based Decarbonized Electrical Energy Systems, Onur Elma, Murat Kuzlu, Nasibeh Zohrabi

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

[Introduction] This research topic aims to highlight the current state-of-the art technologies in digitalized smart grids, including renewable energy and others with the Internet of Energy (IoE) under the decarbonized electrical energy systems. These approaches will increase the overall efficiency of electrical power systems, along with emerging technologies and applications in the current system. IoE covers all digitalization processes with mobility, electronic devices, and energy network as seen in Figure 1.

การศึกษาเชิงเปรียบเทียบการตัดสินใจผลิตเองหรือจ้างผลิต: กรณีศึกษา ระบบพลังงานแสงอาทิตย์ในโรงงานชิ้นส่วนยานยนต์, เสาวลักษณ์ สระธรรม

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์ 1) เพื่อออกแบบระบบผลิตไฟฟ้าเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์แบบติดตั้งบนหลังคา และ 2) เพื่อเปรียบเทียบความคุ้มค่าของโครงการระหว่างการผลิตเองกับการจ้างผลิต กรณีศึกษาโรงงานชิ้นส่วนยานยนต์แห่งหนึ่งในจังหวัดระยอง ในการออกแบบติดตั้งจะวิเคราะห์จากโหลดโปรไฟล์ และพื้นที่ติดตั้งของโรงงาน ส่วนความคุ้มค่าของโครงการจะวิเคราะห์จากต้นทุนเฉลี่ยต่อหน่วยไฟฟ้าตลอดอายุโครงการของทั้งสองรูปแบบ แล้วนำมาเปรียบเทียบกัน ผลการวิจัยครั้งนี้ พบว่าโรงงานเหมาะจะติดตั้งระบบขนาด 329.84 กิโลวัตต์ และมีต้นทุนค่าไฟฟ้าเฉลี่ยต่อหน่วยแบบผลิตเอง และจ้างผลิต 2.91 บาทต่อหน่วย และ 3.11 บาทต่อหน่วย ตามลำดับ และในกรณีนี้หากต้นทุนแผงเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์เพิ่มขึ้นมากกว่าร้อยละ 21 หรือค่าไฟฟ้าผันแปรลดลงมากกว่าร้อยละ 66 หรืออัตราผลตอบแทนขั้นต่ำที่ยอมรับได้เพิ่มขึ้นตั้งแต่ร้อยละ 12 จะทำให้ต้นทุนเฉลี่ยต่อหน่วยไฟฟ้าตลอดอายุโครงการของการผลิตเองมากกว่าการจ้างผลิต ดังนั้นจึงควรเลือกดำเนินโครงการแบบจ้างผลิต ข้อเสนอแนะจะเห็นว่าต้นทุนเฉลี่ยต่อหน่วยไฟฟ้าตลอดอายุโครงการแบบผลิตเองถูกกว่าแบบจ้างผลิตประมาณ 5,324 บาทต่อเดือน ซึ่งไม่มากนักเทียบกับเงินลงทุนโครงการ ดังนั้นการเลือกตัดสินใจควรพิจารณาปัจจัยความเสี่ยงร่วมด้วย เนื่องจากระบบจำเป็นต้องมีความมั่นคงและความต่อเนื่อง ไม่ควรเกิดเหตุไฟฟ้าตก หรือไฟฟ้าดับ ซึ่งการจ้างผลิตจะได้ผู้เชี่ยวชาญในการติดตั้งและดูแลระบบมากกว่า และในงานวิจัยนี้ยังไม่ได้มีการศึกษาในส่วนนี้ ดังนั้นการศึกษาครั้งถัดไปควรพิจารณาปัจจัยความเสี่ยงของระบบ และมูลค่าความเสียหายที่อาจจะเกิดขึ้นจากความเสี่ยงต่างๆ ร่วมด้วย

A Review Of Piezoelectric Footwear Energy Harvesters: Principles, Methods, And Applications, Bingqi Zhao, Feng Qian, Alexander Hatfield, Lei Zuo, Tian-Bing Xu

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

Over the last couple of decades, numerous piezoelectric footwear energy harvesters (PFEHs) have been reported in the literature. This paper reviews the principles, methods, and applications of PFEH technologies. First, the popular piezoelectric materials used and their properties for PEEHs are summarized. Then, the force interaction with the ground and dynamic energy distribution on the footprint as well as accelerations are analyzed and summarized to provide the baseline, constraints, potential, and limitations for PFEH design. Furthermore, the energy flow from human walking to the usable energy by the PFEHs and the methods to improve the energy conversion efficiency are presented. …

Building Energy Modeling And Studies Of Electric Power Distribution Systems With Distributed Energy Resources, Evan S. Jones

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

There is significant opportunity for savings in energy and investment from improved performance of electric Power Distribution Systems (PDSs) through optimal planning and operation of conventional voltage-controlling devices. Novel multi-step model conversion and optimal capacitor planning (OCP) procedures are proposed for large-scale utility PDSs and are exemplified with an existing utility circuit of approximately 4,000 buses. Simulated optimal control and operation is achieved with a cluster-based approach that utilizes load-forecasting to minimize equipment degradation by intelligently dispersing device setting adjustments over time such that they remain most applicable. Improved performance may also be achieved through smart building technologies and Virtual …

Optimal Design Of Special High Torque Density Electric Machines Based On Electromagnetic Fea, Murat G. Kesgin

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Electric machines with high torque density are essential for many low-speed direct-drive systems, such as wind turbines, electric vehicles, and industrial automation. Permanent magnet (PM) machines that incorporate a magnetic gearing effect are particularly useful for these applications due to their potential for achieving extremely high torque density. However, when the number of rotor polarities is increased, there is a corresponding need to increase the number of stator slots and coils proportionally. This can result in manufacturing challenges. A new topology of an axial-flux vernier-type machine of MAGNUS type has been presented to address the mentioned limitation. These machines can …

Design And Control Of A Dual Active Bridge Converter For Electric Vehicle (Ev) And Photovoltaic (Pv) Applications, Md Safayatullah

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

With the growing concerns of climate change due to fossil fuel-based electricity generation, solar integration to the grid is swiftly increasing. However, the intermittency of solar power is a major obstacle to harness it efficiently. Energy storage system (ESS) with its declining price over the last few years is a viable solution to address this issue. Another source of greenhouse gas emission is fossil fuel-based transportation system which is likely to be replaced by electric vehicles (EVs) in near future. To match the driving range of EVs with the internal combustion engine-based vehicle, fast and extreme fast charging infrastructure in …

Examining Direct Load Control Within Demand Response Programs, Maria Bonina Zimath

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The power system is a complex entity with unique plant designs, control systems, and market strategies. For many years, engineers have developed advanced technology to keep the grid efficient and balanced. With the rise of renewable sources, some new technology and programs must be developed to keep the quality of the power system. Unlike traditional power plants, renewable energy is highly dependent on environmental factors, such as sunlight and wind, meaning the generation depends on an unpredictable source of fuel. As the grid moves to more sustainable sources, the power market faces a growing challenge of less control over the …

Implementation And Optimization Of Multi-Resonance And Phase Control Of The Electrical Power Take-Off On A Wec Array For Improved Performance, Madelyn G. Veurink

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Many governments around the world are pledging to reduce their consumption of fossil fuels as they look to curb the amount of green house gasses they release into the atmosphere. These green house gasses are what scientists blame for global warming and the recent increase in extreme weather events. Producing electricity is one of the largest producers of these gasses but utilizing renewable sources can greatly decrease the amount of green house gasses produced. Common forms of renewable energies are wind and solar and both of these green energies have reached a state of maturation where they are economically viable …

Running Shoe Pedometer, Benjamin Kasper

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Running shoe pedometer aims to solve the issue of worn out running shoes. It can be difficult to know just how many miles you have run in your shoes and when a new pair is needed. Running in old shoes and worn out shoes is heavily linked to injury. My proposed project is a device that is powered by the compressive forces on the shoes soles that counts the number of steps the wearer takes using a microcontroller. Then, when the shoe reaches milestone that indicate it has been used 75% 90% and 100% of its expected life, it will …

Life Cycle Assessment Of Air Classification As A Sulfur Mitigation Technology In Pine Residue Feedstocks, Ashlee Edmonson

Theses and Dissertations--Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering

Sulfur accumulation during biofuel production is pollutive, toxic to conversion catalysts, and causes the premature breakdown of processing equipment. Air classification is an effective preprocessing technology for ash and sulfur removal from biomass feedstocks. A life cycle assessment (LCA) sought to understand the environmental impacts of implementing air classification as a sulfur-mitigation technique for pine residues. Energy demand and material balance for preprocessing were simulated using SimaPro and the Argonne National Laboratory’s GREET model, specifically focusing on comparing the global warming potential (GWP) of grid electricity versus bioelectricity scenarios. Overall, the grid electricity scenario had a GWP impact over 7 …

Data-Driven Analysis And Visualization Of Energy Consumption Patterns In Academic Buildings Via Development Of Matlab Gui Tool: A Case Study At The City College Of New York From 2018-2022, Mazid Muhit

Dissertations and Theses

This case study investigates energy consumption patterns and peak periods within various buildings in the City College of New York (CCNY), aiming to foster the development of effective energy management strategies. The research develops a simple MATLAB graphical user interface (GUI) tool, designed to simplify the future replication of similar analyses using new datasets. Ten distinct CCNY buildings were examined, using data from 2018 to 2022, which includes Administration, Baskerville, ComptonGeothals-Basement, Harris, Marshak, Shepard, Steinmann, Wingate, NAC-Boiler-Room, and NAC-North-Side. The methodology entails processing original excel files to extract relevant data, followed by a comprehensive analysis within MATLAB. This involves generating …

An Extended Generalized Average Modeling Framework For Power Converters, Kartikeya Jayadurga Prasad Veeramraju, Jacob A. Mueller, Jonathan W. Kimball

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Generalized Averaged Modeling (GAM) technique is traditionally employed to capture the dynamic performance of power electronic converters. This paper proposes an improved version of it, named the Extended-GAM (EGAM) technique, which supports the multiplication of two Double Fourier Series (DFS) signals in the time domain. Multiplication of DFS signals in the time domain translates to the 2D-convolution of coefficients of the DFS terms of their equivalent Discrete Fourier Image (DFI) representations. Thus, the proposed EGAM technique, capable of capturing many harmonics present in the output of a power converter, effectively captures the dynamic behavior of power converters excited by …

Multi-Layered Energy Management Framework For Extreme Fast Charging Stations Considering Demand Charges, Battery Degradation, And Forecast Uncertainties, Waqas Ur Rehman, Jonathan W. Kimball, Rui Bo

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

To achieve a cost-effective and expeditious charging experience for extreme fast charging station (XFCS) owners and electric vehicle (EV) users, the optimal operation of XFCS is crucial. It is however challenging to simultaneously manage the profit from energy arbitrage, the cost of demand charges, and the degradation of a battery energy storage system (BESS) under uncertainties. This paper, therefore, proposes a multi-layered multi-time scale energy flow management framework for an XFCS by considering long- and short-term forecast uncertainties, monthly demand charges reduction, and BESS life degradation. In the proposed approach, an upper scheduling layer (USL) ensures the overall operation economy …

Peer-To-Peer Energy Trading In Smart Residential Environment With User Behavioral Modeling, Ashutosh Timilsina

Theses and Dissertations--Computer Science

Electric power systems are transforming from a centralized unidirectional market to a decentralized open market. With this shift, the end-users have the possibility to actively participate in local energy exchanges, with or without the involvement of the main grid. Rapidly reducing prices for Renewable Energy Technologies (RETs), supported by their ease of installation and operation, with the facilitation of Electric Vehicles (EV) and Smart Grid (SG) technologies to make bidirectional flow of energy possible, has contributed to this changing landscape in the distribution side of the traditional power grid.

Trading energy among users in a decentralized fashion has been referred …

Dynamic Modeling Of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Smart Inverters Using Power-Hardware-In-The-Loop, Bidur Poudel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Inverter-based generation is replacing synchronous-based generation in the power grid. In the past, due to the dominance of synchronous-based generation, inverter-based generation dynamics were typically under-modeled as they made little contribution to voltage and frequency control. Looking at the present context, several disturbances, like the Blue Cut Fire (CA), on August 16, 2016, the South Australian Blackout on September 28, 2016, and the Canyon Two Fire Disturbance (CA) on October 9, 2017, etc., are caused by the influence of converter-based resources. So, for converter-dominated power system stability analysis and control, the dynamics of an inverter-based system cannot be under-modeled. In …

Ai-Driven Security Constrained Unit Commitment Using Predictive Modeling And Eigen Decomposition, Talha Iqbal

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Security Constrained Unit Commitment (SC-UC) is a complex large scale mix integer constrained optimization problem solved by Independent System Operators (ISOs) in the daily planning of the electricity markets. After receiving offers and bids, ISOs have only few hours to clear the day-ahead electricity market. It requires a lot of computational effort and a reasonable time to solve a large-scale SC-UC problem. However, exploiting the fact that a UC problem is solved several times a day with only minor changes in the system data, the computational effort can be reduced by learning from the historical data and identifying the patterns …

System Analysis Of An Internal Combustion Engine (Ice) – Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (Sofc) Hybrid Cycle, Jose Javier Colon Rodriguez

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Due to the intermittent nature of renewable energy and the rigid operation of existing coal plants, the need for flexible power generation technology is eminent. Hybrid energy systems have shown potential for flexible, grid following dynamics while maintaining higher efficiencies. The work below focuses on the performance analysis of a proposed 100 kW pressurized Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) and Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) hybrid system. The un-utilized fuel from the SOFC stack provided the chemical energy to operate the engine. A turbocharger was used to deliver the necessary air flow for both the stack and engine. An external reformer …

Dynamic Modeling, Data Reconciliation, Parameter Estimation, And Health Monitoring Of A Supercritical Power Plant, Katherine Grace Hedrick

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

With the introduction of a larger portion of renewable sources of power coming onto the U.S. power grid in recent decades, the operational strategy of coal-fired power plants has changed significantly to focus more on flexibility in response to the changing energy market. This has naturally led to different operational challenges. Many of these challenges are focused on the boilers within these plants, as they are producing more emissions and experiencing increased damage during load-following, which in turn leads to increased costs from penalties for not achieving emission standards or maintenance costs as boilers accumulate damage from the cycling behavior. …

Smart Power Outlet, Kyrolos Melek, Joseph M. Garro, Ethan G. Frese, Madison Britton

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

With an ever-increasing demand on the electrical grid and an increase in electrical consumer goods per household, effective power management and monitoring for home users is a must. The objective of this project is to create a consumer outlet and companion phone application. The power outlet will measure power draw on each socket and report these measurements via an embedded system, wirelessly, to the application. The application will then allow for setting custom power draws at which an individual socket will switch off if exceeded and will display how much a given outlet or individual socket is costing per unit …