Reaction Mechanisms Study Of Pb Electrodes In Sulfuric Acid And Sodium Sulfate Solutions By Eqcm,
2015
School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
Reaction Mechanisms Study Of Pb Electrodes In Sulfuric Acid And Sodium Sulfate Solutions By Eqcm, Xian-Ping Zou, Zong-Xuan Kang, Yu-Lan Huang, Dong Shu, Ya-Yun Zhong, Jun-Nan Hao, Yu-Qing Liao
Journal of Electrochemistry
Surface reaction processes of Pb electrodes were investigated in H2SO4 and Na2SO4 solutions by LSV, CV and EQCM. The results in the voltammogram and the mass change curve of the Pb electrode indicated that the oxide products of lead included PbSO4 and PbO·PbSO4 in sulfuric acid solution with a positive-going potential scan from -1.0 V to -0.4 V and then PbO·PbSO4 transformed into PbSO4. However, the oxide product of lead was only PbSO4 in sodium sulfate solution. The experimental results revealed that the acid solution is necessary for the …
Effect Of Carbon Nanotubes On Anodic Properties Of Ti/Ru-Ir-Sn Oxides,
2015
Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, Shandong, China;State Key Laboratory for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China;
Effect Of Carbon Nanotubes On Anodic Properties Of Ti/Ru-Ir-Sn Oxides, Feng Lian, Yong-Lei Xin, Bo-Jiang Ma, Li-Kun Xu
Journal of Electrochemistry
The Ru-Ir-Sn metal oxide anodes coated on titanium (Ti/Ru-Ir-Sn) were prepared by thermal decomposition. The effects of amounts of carbon naotubes (CNTs) on anodic properties were studied by TGA, SEM, EDS, cyclic voltammetry, EIS, polarization measurements and accelerated life test. The thermogravimetric analysis and EDS spectrum data showed that the high temperature oxidation decomposition of CNTs did not take place under the condition of the sintering temperature of 470 ℃, and the CNTS still existed in the anode coating in an element form. Compared with the contrast samples, the surface crack of the coating increased, but remained typical morphology. Adding …
Research On The Application Of Solar Photovoltaic System On Large Ocean-Going Ships,
2015
World Maritime University
Research On The Application Of Solar Photovoltaic System On Large Ocean-Going Ships, Wanhe Huang
Maritime Safety & Environment Management Dissertations (Dalian)
No abstract provided.
Adaptive Online Transient Stability Assessment Of Power Systems For Operational Purposes,
2015
University of New Orleans
Adaptive Online Transient Stability Assessment Of Power Systems For Operational Purposes, Hussain Hassan Al Marhoon
LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations
Online stability assessment is an important problem that has not been solved completely yet. The purpose of this research is to tackle online transient stability assessment. Currently, most utility companies use step-by-step integration in order to set protective equipment so that they effectively work for critical contingencies. However, there are times an unforeseen contingency may occur which may cause the system to transit and the protective equipment to misoperate and does not isolate the disturbed part of the system. This research introduces a method that automatically determines a group of generators that participate in system separation and hence transient instability. …
Wireless Power Transfer To A Small, Remote Control Boat,
2015
Purdue University
Wireless Power Transfer To A Small, Remote Control Boat, Mark M. Oscai, Michael D. Sinanis, Abbas Semnani, Dimitrios Peroulis
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
Over the past few decades, researchers have explored and implemented methods of wireless power transmission to operate devices that traditionally have been powered using plug-in power supplies and batteries. It is with this objective in mind that we built a boat, which is powered wirelessly from a field of harvestable energy. This project sought to develop a wirelessly powered remote control boat to be a proof of concept for the idea of wireless power transfer. Our criteria for success is that the boat should receive sufficient power to run anywhere in a 2.5 meter squared area. Having defined the field …
Simulation Design For Photovoltaics Using Finite Difference Time Domain And Quadratic Complex Rational Function Methods,
2015
Purdue University
Simulation Design For Photovoltaics Using Finite Difference Time Domain And Quadratic Complex Rational Function Methods, Jacob R. Duritsch, Haejun Chung, Peter Bermel
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
Photovoltaics (PV) can in principle supply enough renewable energy to offset a great deal of fossil fuel usage. To achieve this transition, it is critical to develop improved PV cells with decreased material costs and improved efficiencies. This goal can be greatly facilitated by a tool simulating the absorption and efficiency of experimentally relevant 3-D PV designs made of realistic materials, including those that have not yet been discovered. By incorporating the quadratic complex rational function algorithm (QCRF) with the finite difference time domain methods (FDTD), simulations can include frequency response and optical properties, while allowing full customization of tandem …
Temperature Dependence Of Electrical Performance Of Tritium Sourced Betavoltaic Cells,
2015
Purdue University
Temperature Dependence Of Electrical Performance Of Tritium Sourced Betavoltaic Cells, Darrell S. Cheu, Tom Adams, Shripad Revankar
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
There is an increasing need for devices that can be powered for extended periods of time where it is impossible for maintenance or replacement, such as pacemakers, long term space flight or undisturbed sensors for military use. Since 1971, most devices run off a Lithium-Iodide battery, which gives a high amount of power but could only last approximately 2 to 5 years, requiring frequent replacement. However, replacement is unnecessary for betavoltaic cells as they can last at least 20 years. Commercially available tritium betavoltaic cells provided by City Labs Inc. were tested at a temperature range of -50°C to 150°C …
The Future Of Rural Communities,
2015
Boise State University
The Future Of Rural Communities, Alondra B. Perez, Yanliang Zhang (Mentor)
Idaho Conference on Undergraduate Research
There is a problem in how modern energy is being distributed throughout the world; less than a quarter of the population have access to energy. Limited energy access is seen in rural areas because of the costs that comes from transporting material and making modern energy resources (solar panels, wind turbines, etc..). Through research on thermoelectric devices, there have been many theories tested in order to improve energy efficiency focusing on easy maneuverable resources. At Boise State’s Advanced Energy Lab, thermoelectric generators are being created and modified which can be used to help communities from rural areas power utilities needed …
Broadband High Efficiency Fractal-Like And Diverse Geometry Silicon Nanowire Arrays For Photovoltaic Applications,
2015
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Broadband High Efficiency Fractal-Like And Diverse Geometry Silicon Nanowire Arrays For Photovoltaic Applications, Omar Hassan Al-Zoubi
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Solar energy has many advantages over conventional sources of energy. It is abundant, clean and sustainable. One way to convert solar energy directly into electrical energy is by using the photovoltaic solar cells (PVSC). Despite PVSC are becoming economically competitive, they still have high cost and low light to electricity conversion efficiency. Therefore, increasing the efficiency and reducing the cost are key elements for producing economically more competitive PVSC that would have significant impact on energy market and saving environment. A significant percentage of the PVSC cost is due to the materials cost. For that, thin films PVSC have been …
Renewable Energy In Industrial Applications,
2015
Kennesaw State University
Renewable Energy In Industrial Applications, Seshi Reddy Kasu
Dissertations, Theses and Capstone Projects (Full IR Collection)
Manufacturing industry accounts for about one third of total energy use worldwide. Roughly three quarters of industrial energy use is related to the production of energy-intensive commodities such as ferrous and non-ferrous metals, chemicals and petrochemicals, non-metallic mineral materials, and pulp and paper. In these sectors, energy costs constitute a large proportion of total production costs, so managers pay particular attention to driving them down. As a result, the scope to improve energy efficiency tends to be less in these most energy intensive sectors than in those sectors where energy costs form a smaller proportion of total costs, such as …
Current Status And Prospect Of Cathode Materials For Lithium Sulfur Batteries,
2015
Department of Chemistry, Institute of New Energy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China;
Current Status And Prospect Of Cathode Materials For Lithium Sulfur Batteries, Lan Zhou, Ai-Shui Yu
Journal of Electrochemistry
Elemental sulfur has been extensively investigated as a promising candidate of cathode material for next generation lithium secondary batteries. However, some troublesome issues, such as the low electric conductivity of sulfur (5×10-30 S·cm-1) and the high solubility of lithium polysulfide intermediates in organic electrolytes, resulting in a low utilization of active material and a redox shuttling of dissolved polysulfide ions between the sulfur cathode and the lithium anode, which eventually leads to a deposition of insoluble and insulating Li2S2/Li2S on the electrode surface and a fast reduction in the specific capacity. …
Research Status And Application Prospects Of Limnpo4 As A New Generation Cathode Material For Lithium-Ion Batteries,
2015
Advanced Li-ion Battery Engineering Lab, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, Zhejing, China;
Research Status And Application Prospects Of Limnpo4 As A New Generation Cathode Material For Lithium-Ion Batteries, Lai-Fen Qin, Yong-Gao Xia, Li-Peng Chen, Hua-Sheng Hu, Feng Xiao, Zhao-Ping Liu
Journal of Electrochemistry
Olivine-structured lithium manganese phosphate (LiMnPO4) has the following advantages: excellent thermal stability, low cost, high safety and environmental benignity. Importantly, the theoretical energy density of LiMnPO4 is about 20% higher than that of commercialized LiFePO4 due to its higher Li+ intercalation potential of 4.1 V (vs. Li+/Li). Moreover, the high operating voltage of LiMnPO4 is compatible with present non-aqueous organic electrolytes of lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, LiMnPO4 is considered as a next generation cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. However, LiMnPO4 suffers from poor electronic conductivity and low lithium diffusivity, resulting in …
Preparations And Applications Of Layered Carbon And Layered Carbon-Pbso4 Composite,
2015
University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
Preparations And Applications Of Layered Carbon And Layered Carbon-Pbso4 Composite, Shu-Kai Zhang, Hao Zhang, Wei-Hua Xue, Jie Cheng, Wen-Feng Zhang, Gao-Ping Cao, Hai-Lei Zhao, Yu-Sheng Yang
Journal of Electrochemistry
The layered carbon materials (similar to graphene) have been synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on the cheap catalyst (potassium or sodium carbonate substrate). The layered-carbon- lead sulfate (PbSO4) composite could be prepared by in situ chemical deposition based on the layered carbon. The XRD, SEM and TEM results showed that the layered carbon materials was amorphous carbon layer, and the composite was a compound made of fine lead sulfate grains and layered carbon. Thermogravimetric analysis determined the carbon content in the composite. Adding a certain amount of layered carbon or layered-carbon-PbSO4 composite into negative active materials …
Preparation Of Zro2-Doped Nb/Pbo2 Electrode And Electrocatalytic Performance Of Methyl Orange Degradation,
2015
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;
Preparation Of Zro2-Doped Nb/Pbo2 Electrode And Electrocatalytic Performance Of Methyl Orange Degradation, Li Zhang, Wen-Yan Dong, Tai-Lai Yang, Zhen-Hai Liang
Journal of Electrochemistry
The zirconium oxide (ZrO2)-doped niobium based lead oxide (Nb/PbO2) electrode was prepared by electrodeposition. The microstructures and electrochemical properties of Nb/ZrO2+PbO2 electrode were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), linear sweep voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammotry. In addition, the Nb/PbO2 electrode was used as an anode for the electrochemical degradation of methyl orange (MO). Results revealed that the ZrO2 doping made the Nb/PbO2 electrode surface denser and rougher with smaller sized crystal particles, which increased the specific surface area and enhanced the electrocatalytic activity of the …
Electrochemical Mass Spectrometric Study Of Lithium-Oxygen Batteries,
2015
State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China;
Electrochemical Mass Spectrometric Study Of Lithium-Oxygen Batteries, Xin-Xiu Yan, Li-Po Ma, Zhang-Quan Peng
Journal of Electrochemistry
Mass Spectrometry, coupled with electrochemistry, is a powerful research tool to study mechanisms for a broad range of electrode reactions by identifying and quantifying reaction products and intermediates. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the Li-O2 battery researches offered by electrochemical mass spectrometry based on our group investigations. These include the research progresses in electrolytes, cathode materials (electrocatalysts), and parasitic reactions, i.e., the key issues associated with Li-O2 research. In addition, we also discuss the effects of irreversible side reactions involved in battery systems on charge and discharge processes.
Synthesis Of Graphene Wrapped Li-Rich Layered Metal Oxide And Its Electrochemical Performance,
2015
Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;
Synthesis Of Graphene Wrapped Li-Rich Layered Metal Oxide And Its Electrochemical Performance, Meng-Yan Hou, Ke Wang, Xiao-Li Dong, Yong-Yao Xia
Journal of Electrochemistry
In present work, lithium-rich layered transition metal oxide (LLO) was synthesized by a co-precipitation method in combination with a solid-state reaction. The graphene wrapped Li-rich layered oxide composite (LLO/Gra) was obtained by sintering the LLO/GO composite at 300 oC for 30 min in an air. The morphologies and the electrochemical performances were characterized by means of SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, EIS and charge/discharge tests. The results indicated that the LLOe particles were uniformly wrapped with graphene. The resulting material exhibited better rate capability than that of pristine LLO since the wrapped graphene demonstrated the enhanced electronic conductivity. Accordingly, the …
Research Progress In Carbon Coating On Lifepo4 Cathode Materials For Lithium Ion Batteries,
2015
Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;
Research Progress In Carbon Coating On Lifepo4 Cathode Materials For Lithium Ion Batteries, Ning Zhang, Yong-Chang Liu, Cheng-Cheng Chen, Zhi-Qiang Zhu, Zhan-Liang Tao, Jun Chen
Journal of Electrochemistry
Olivine-structured LiFePO4 has been received much attention because of its flat voltage profile, low cost, abundant material supply and better environmental compatibility. However, the poor electronic and ionic conductivities have limited its application in industry. One of the best methods to improve the electrochemical performance is carbon coating. In this review, we summarize the recent developments of LiFePO4/C cathode. Moreover, the different effects caused by coating methods and carbon sources, as well as the mechanism of carbon coating on the properties of LiFePO4/C are reviewed.
Enhancing Stability Of Pem Fuel Cell Catalysts Via Support Changing,
2015
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;
Enhancing Stability Of Pem Fuel Cell Catalysts Via Support Changing, Xiao-Hong Xie, Zi-Dong Wei
Journal of Electrochemistry
The Pt/C catalyst with highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles supported on carbon has been widely used as the state-of the-art catalyst in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), while the durability of Pt/C is one of the major barriers for large-scale applications of PEMFCs. Thus, enhancing the stability of Pt/C has been a hot issue in this field. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in enhancing the catalyst stability in the view of support material. The future prospects of the PEMFCs catalyst should focus on adopting more stable supports or strengthening the interactions between Pt and supports.
Lithium Air Batteries: Non-Aqueous And Hybrid Systems,
2015
College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;
Lithium Air Batteries: Non-Aqueous And Hybrid Systems, Sheng-Fu Tong, Ping He, Xue-Ping Zhang, Shi-Yong Zhao, Hao-Shen Zhou
Journal of Electrochemistry
Developing energy storage devices and new materials, which match the requirements in electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), is an effective way to balance the contradiction between the social development and the shortage of fossil energy and environment pollution. Rechargeable lithium-air (Li-air) batteries consisting of Li and oxygen as the anodic and cathodic reactants, respectively, have attracted much attention during the past decade due to their high theoretical specific energy. According to work conditions, the most studied types of Li-air batteries are non-aqueous, hybrid, and solid state electrolyte Li-air batteries. Challenges still exist in cathodes, anodes, electrolytes and …
Pt/C Modified Proton Exchange Membrane For Improved Fuel Cell Performance,
2015
Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
Pt/C Modified Proton Exchange Membrane For Improved Fuel Cell Performance, Zhi Cui, Chao Wang, Shui-Yun Shen, Feng-Jing Jiang, Jun-Liang Zhang
Journal of Electrochemistry
The property of proton exchange membrane greatly affects the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). During the operation of a PEMFC, the water produced at the cathode, the water vapor from the humidified feed gas and the water migrated by electro-dragging will reach a balance in the membrane and determine the resistance of PEMFC, and thus affect the performance of PEMFC. Normally, the PEMFC performance strongly depends on the relative humidity of the feed gas, and the performance decreases at lower humidity as a result of lower proton conductivity of the membrane. In this paper, we proposed to …
