Nanotechnology Fabrication Commons^™

Perovskite Thin Films Annealed In Supercritical Fluids For Efficient Solar Cells, Gilbert Annohene

Theses and Dissertations

In the field of photovoltaics, scientists and researchers are working fervently to produce a combination of efficient, stable, low cost and scalable devices. Methylammonium lead trihalide perovskite has attracted intense interest due to its high photovoltaic performance, low cost, and ease of manufacture. Their high absorption coefficient, tunable bandgap, low-temperature processing, and abundant elemental constituent provide innumerable advantages over other thin film absorber materials. Since the perovskite film is the most important in the device, morphology, crystallization, compositional and interface engineering have been explored to boost its performance and stability. High temperatures necessary for crystallization of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite films …

Optical Metasurfaces, Fatih Balli

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

Traditional optical elements, such as refractive lenses, mirrors, phase plates and polarizers have been used for various purposes such as imaging systems, lithographic printing, astronomical observations and display technology. Despite their long-term achievements, they can be bulky and not suitable for miniaturization. On the other hand, recent nanotechnology advances allowed us to manufacture micro and nanoscale devices with ultra-compact sizes. Metasurfaces, 2D engineered artificial interfaces, have emerged as candidates to replace traditional refractive lenses with ultra-thin miniaturized optical elements. They possess sub-wavelength unit cell structures with a specific geometry and material selection. Each unit cell can uniquely tailor the phase, …

Superresolution Enhancement With Active Convolved Illumination, Anindya Ghoshroy

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The first two decades of the 21st century witnessed the emergence of “metamaterials”. The prospect of unrestricted control over light-matter interactions was a major contributing factor leading to the realization of new technologies and advancement of existing ones. While the field certainly does not lack innovative applications, widespread commercial deployment may still be several decades away. Fabrication of sophisticated 3d micro and nano structures, specially for telecommunications and optical frequencies will require a significant advancement of current technologies. More importantly, the effects of absorption and scattering losses will require a robust solution since this renders any conceivable application of metamaterials …

Treated Hfo2 Based Rram Devices With Ru, Tan, Tin As Top Electrode For In-Memory Computing Hardware, Yuvraj Dineshkumar Patel

Theses

The scalability and power efficiency of the conventional CMOS technology is steadily coming to a halt due to increasing problems and challenges in fabrication technology. Many non-volatile memory devices have emerged recently to meet the scaling challenges. Memory devices such as RRAMs or ReRAM (Resistive Random-Access Memory) have proved to be a promising candidate for analog in memory computing applications related to inference and learning in artificial intelligence. A RRAM cell has a MIM (Metal insulator metal) structure that exhibits reversible resistive switching on application of positive or negative voltage. But detailed studies on the power consumption, repeatability and retention …

Technique Design Of Filter On Surface-Acoustic Waves, Dilmurod Abdujalilovich Davronbekov, Zafar Tulyaganovich Khakimov

Acta of Turin Polytechnic University in Tashkent

The article describes the design of filters on surface acoustic waves (SAWs), which are selective elements and are widely used in blocks, devices and signal processing systems in telecommunications, including wireless communication systems such as cellular, trunking and others. Designs of filters for surfactants are considered, which are divided into two large groups - by functional purpose and by a systematic approach to the synthesis of performance characteristics of filters for surfactants. Optimization algorithms and methods for synthesizing surfactant filters have been developed and improved. An improved technique for the synthesis of a filter based on surface acoustic waves is …

Development And Characterization Of Metal Contacts For Graded Composition Ingan Solar Cells, Reem E. Alhelais

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

There is an increasing demand for high-power electronic components and optoelectronic devices with low-loss and high efficiency. III-nitride semiconductor materials have demonstrated great potential for high-power, high-frequency, and high-temperature applications because of their remarkable and wide-ranging electronic and physical properties. These material systems, including alloys of AlN, GaN, and InN, are currently being explored for their potential to develop efficient photovoltaic cells. They can potentially achieve higher efficiency because of their very high direct wide band edge, absorption coefficients, and resistance to defects. The compositionally graded Group III-nitride alloy allows access to a large range of energies by varying the …

Fabrication And Application Of Flexible Sensors, Tallis Huther Da Costa

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

A transfer printing method was developed to transfer carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film to poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) polymer. Carbon nanotubes are composed of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice structure, which are electrically conducting. When embedded in a nonconducting polymer, carbon nanotubes impart electrical conductivity to the nanocomposite, thus forming a nanocomposite that has potential applications in highly sensitive strain and pressure sensors. Several printing methods have been studied to deposit carbon nanotubes onto PDMS, including inkjet printing. Inkjet printing is a desirable deposition method since it is low-cost, simple, and allows the processing of aqueous-based …

Nonlinear Nanophotonic Devices In The Ultraviolet To Visible Wavelength Range, Jinghan He, Hong Chen, Jin Hu, Jingan Zhou, Yingmu Zhang, Andre Kovach, Constantine Sideris, Mark C. Harrison, Yuji Zhao, Andrea M. Armani

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Although the first lasers invented operated in the visible, the first on-chip devices were optimized for near-infrared (IR) performance driven by demand in telecommunications. However, as the applications of integrated photonics has broadened, the wavelength demand has as well, and we are now returning to the visible (Vis) and pushing into the ultraviolet (UV). This shift has required innovations in device design and in materials as well as leveraging nonlinear behavior to reach these wavelengths. This review discusses the key nonlinear phenomena that can be used as well as presents several emerging material systems and devices that have reached the …

Flexible Capacitive Pressure Sensors And Triboelectric Energy Harvesters Using Laser-Assisted Patterning Process For Flexible Hybrid Electronic Applications, Valliammai Palaniappan

Masters Theses

This work focuses on the design, fabrication and characterization of novel flexible capacitive pressure sensors and triboelectric energy harvesters using laser-assisted patterning process for flexible hybrid electronic applications. Initially, the capacitive pressure sensor was developed by fabricating a set of polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) dielectric films with pyramid shaped micro-structures using a laser-assisted patterning process. The pressure sensor consists of two electrodes (top and bottom) that were fabricated by depositing silver (Ag) on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using additive screen-printing process. Finally, the pressure sensor was assembled by attaching the top and bottom Ag electrodes to the smooth side of pyramid shaped …

Microrobots For Wafer Scale Microfactory: Design Fabrication Integration And Control., Ruoshi Zhang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Future assembly technologies will involve higher automation levels, in order to satisfy increased micro scale or nano scale precision requirements. Traditionally, assembly using a top-down robotic approach has been well-studied and applied to micro-electronics and MEMS industries, but less so in nanotechnology. With the bloom of nanotechnology ever since the 1990s, newly designed products with new materials, coatings and nanoparticles are gradually entering everyone’s life, while the industry has grown into a billion-dollar volume worldwide. Traditionally, nanotechnology products are assembled using bottom-up methods, such as self-assembly, rather than with top-down robotic assembly. This is due to considerations of volume handling …

Design Of Submicron Structured Guided-Mode-Resonance Near-Infrared Polarizer, Marzia Zaman

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this research is to design a larger submicron linear polarizer in the near-infrared wavelength range with a wide bandwidth which can be fabricated using the conventional thin-film microfabrication technology to reduce cost. For this purpose, a gold (Au) wire-grid transmission-type transverse-magnetic (TM) polarizer and a silicon (Si) wire-grid reflection-type TM polarizer, were designed using the guided-mode-resonance filter. The Au wire-grid TM polarizer of 700nm grating width and 1200nm grating period has 95% transmittance at 2400nm, more than 1000nm resonance peak bandwidth, and an extinction ratio (ER) of around 300 with a moderated level of sidebands. The 700nm …

Pool Boiling Inversion On Femtosecond Laser Surface Processed 304 Stainless Steel And Its Impact On Steady-State Time Constants, Justin Costa-Greger, Alfred Tsubaki, Josh Gerdes, Mark Anderson, Craig Zuhlke, Dennis Alexander, Jeff Shield, George Gogos

UCARE: Research Products

FLSP surfaces resulting in boiling inversion require longer times to reach steady-state once inversion has occurred Boiling inversion has been shown to be the result of changing nucleation dynamics in which a large number of nucleation sites activate Increased time required to reach steady-state is linked to the rate at which these nucleation sites activate. Heat fluxes above the boiling inversion point can require up to an additional 3 hours to reach steady-state, compared to the typical 15-20 minutes reported in the literature

Design Of An Affordable Rotating Drum Electrospinner For Classroom Education, Peder Solberg

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

Electrospinning is a technology used to generate small fibers down to nano-scale size. This method of fiber creation has been around for many years. However, in recent years electrospinning has found increased applications, especially in the area of tissue engineering due to its ability to create fibers with properties similar to the extracellular matrix in tissue. An electrospinning platform can illustrate concepts of engineering, electro-mechanical system design, manufacturing, and biomedical applications in one single package. Hence, it provides an excellent opportunity to integrate into secondary (middle and high school) and post-secondary (undergraduate) technology education.

Furthermore, just as integration of 3D …

Evaluation Of Capacitive Deionization Desalination Technology For Irrigation, Ziad Khalifa, Moustafa Elshafei Prof, Abdalrahman Amer, Eng, Ashraf Seleym Dr, Tamer Samir Eng

Chemical Engineering

Desalination of brackish groundwater has great potential to alleviate the problem of the limited water resources in Egypt. In this paper, we studied the desalination of brackish water for irrigation purposes using capacitive deionization (CDI) technology. We investigated a modular unit for use in greenhouses (GH). A GH for the production of tomato requires about 3.2 m3/d of water. The target CDI unit has a production capacity of 32 m3/d for irrigation of 10 greenhouses from brackish water. The paper provides an extensive simulation study to illustrate the influence of various design parameters and to unveil the CDI technology pros …

Parametric Optimization Of Visible Wavelength Gold Lattice Geometries For Improved Plasmon-Enhanced Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Casey A. Norville

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The exploitation of spectro-plasmonics will allow for innovations in optical instrumentation development and the realization of more efficient optical biodetection components. Biosensors have been shown to improve the overall quality of life through real-time detection of various antibody-antigen reactions, biomarkers, infectious diseases, pathogens, toxins, viruses, etc. has led to increased interest in the research and development of these devices. Further advancements in modern biosensor development will be realized through novel electrochemical, electromechanical, bioelectrical, and/or optical transduction methods aimed at reducing the size, cost, and limit of detection (LOD) of these sensor systems. One such method of optical transduction involves the …

Synthesis Of Graphene Using Plasma Etching And Atmospheric Pressure Annealing: Process And Sensor Development, Andrew Robert Graves

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Having been theorized in 1947, it was not until 2004 that graphene was first isolated. In the years since its isolation, graphene has been the subject of intense, world-wide study due to its incredibly diverse array of useful properties. Even though many billions of dollars have been spent on its development, graphene has yet to break out of the laboratory and penetrate mainstream industrial applications markets. This is because graphene faces a ‘grand challenge.’ Simply put, there is currently no method of manufacturing high-quality graphene on the industrial scale. This grand challenge looms particularly large for electronic applications where the …

Nanostructured Device Designs For Enhanced Performance In Cds/Cu2S Heterojunction Solar Cells, Benjamin Wells

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Nanostructured CdS/Cu2S devices have been simulated using SCAPS-1D to demonstrate enhanced performance over traditional planar device structures. Two designs were examined: a nanowire CdS/planar Cu2S device and a nanowire CdS/nanowire Cu2S device. The addition of nanowires to a device had been previously demonstrated to improve device performance in a nanowire CdS/planar CdTe device by decreasing the amount of light absorbed by the CdS window layer, thus allowing more light to reach the absorber layer. Additionally, the total number of interface states can be greatly reduced due to the decreased total surface area between the window and absorber layers. The nanowire …

Investigation Of Host Nanotube Parameters For Enhancing The Performance Of Nanostructured Cds-Cdte Solar Cells, Deepak Kumar

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the effects of host nanotube parameters (pore diameter and pitch for different CdS coverages) and CdTe doping density on device performance in nanowire CdS/ CdTe solar cells using SCAPS-1D. This research finds the optimum values for these parameters in order to achieve the highest efficiency. Experimentally the effect of anodization voltage and fluoride ion concentration on the pore diameter and the pitch are studied for the Titania nanotubes host. It is observed that in the range of 0.3 mL to 2 mL of ammonium fluoride content, pore diameter and the pitch of the Titania …

Rapid Prototyping Of Nanostructures With Electron Beam Induced Processing, Samaneh Esfandiarpour

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Focused electron beam induced processing (FEBIP) is a nano-scale fabrication technique that allows the direct deposition of functional materials. However, it suffers from significant drawbacks, such as high cost, low speed, unavailable precursors for many materials and low purity of deposits. Liquid-phase focused electron beam induced processes (LP-FEBIP) are being investigated due to the potential benefits over the gas phase technique. In this method, deposition or etching occurs at the interface between a substrate and a bulk liquid. In this work, electron beam induced deposition of copper nanostructures from aqueous solutions of copper sulfate is demonstrated. The addition of sulfuric …

Selective Electron Beam Etching Of Materials Using Liquid Reactants, Sarah Lami

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Selective Electron Beam Etching of Materials Using Liquid Reactants Nanoscience and nanotechnology require advances in processing, patterning, and characterization of materials to overcome current limitations and generate new de-vices. Electron and ion beam-based processes are vital for fabrication and nano-scale prototyping with significant applications in nanoscale electronic, photonic, and magnetic devices; integrated circuit debugging; and lithographic mask and imprint template repair.

Focused ion and electron beams are routinely used to locally add (printing) or sub-tract (machining) materials. This type of material processing is becoming increasingly important to the integrated circuit manufacturing industry for editing and debug applications. Most significantly, as …