Chemical Engineering Commons^™

Long Term Blood Oxygenation Membranes, Joseph V. Alexander

Theses and Dissertations--Biomedical Engineering

Hollow fiber membranes are widely used in blood oxygenators to remove carbon dioxide and add oxygen during cardiopulmonary bypass operations. These devices are now widely used off-label by physicians to perform extracorporeal blood oxygenation for patients with lung failure. Unfortunately, the hollow fiber membranes used in these devices fail prematurely due to blood plasma leakage and gas emboli formation.

This project formed ultrathin (~100nm) polymer coatings on polymer hollow fiber membranes. The coatings were intended to “block” existing pores on the exterior surfaces while permitting high gas fluxes. This coating is synthesized using surface imitated control radical polymerization.

The coating …

Inhalable Nanocomposites And Anticancer Agents For Cancer Therapy, Nathanael A. Stocke

Theses and Dissertations--Chemical and Materials Engineering

Cancer is designated as the leading cause of mortality worldwide and lung cancer is responsible for nearly 30% of all cancer related deaths. Over the last few decades mortality rates have only marginally increased and rates of recurrence remain high. These factors, among others, suggest the need for more innovative treatment modalities in lung cancer therapy. Targeted pulmonary delivery is well established for treating pulmonary diseases such as asthma and provides a promising platform for lung cancer therapy. Increasing local deposition of anticancer agents (ACAs) and reducing systemic exposure of these toxic moieties could lead to better therapeutic outcomes and …

Pilot Scale Demonstration And Evaluation Of Innovative Non-Deslimed Non-Classified Gravity-Fed Hm Cyclone, Yumo Zhang

Theses and Dissertations--Mining Engineering

Coal preparation plants are required in some cases to produce a high-grade product using a low specific gravity cut-point. For these situations, a second higher gravity separation would be desirable to generate a mid-grade product that can be utilized for electricity generation thereby maximizing coal recovery. A study was conducted to evaluate the potential of achieving efficient separations at two different density cut-points in a single stage using a three-product dense medium cyclone. Variations in density cut-point and process efficiency values were quantified as a function of the feed medium density, feed medium-to-coal ratio, and feed pressure using a three-level …

Modeling Of Spallation Phenomenon In An Arc-Jet Environment, Raghava Sai Chaitanya Davuluri

Theses and Dissertations--Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Space vehicles, while entering the planetary atmosphere, experience high loads of heat. Ablative materials are commonly used for a thermal protection system, which undergo mass removal mechanisms to counter the heat rates. Spallation is one of the ablative processes, which is characterized by the ejection of solid particles from the material into the flow. Numerical codes that are used in designing the heat shields ignore this phenomenon. Hence, to evaluate the effectiveness of spallation phenomenon, a numerical model is developed to compute the dynamics and chemistry of the particles. The code is one-way coupled to a CFD code that models …

Advances In Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells: Fabrication Of Efficient Ir/Pd Nanocatalysts For Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation, Islam M. Al-Akraa, Ahmad M. Mohammad, Mohamed S. El-Deab Prof, Bahgat E. El-Anadouli Prof

Chemical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Modeling Of Nitrogen Separation From Natural Gas Through Nanoporous Carbon Membranes, Moustafa A. Soliman, A A. Al-Rabiah, Abdelhamid M. Ajbar, F A. Almalki, Omar Y. Abdelaziz

Chemical Engineering

This work presents a theoretical investigation of the use of nanoporous carbon membranes for the separation of nitrogen from natural gas. A mathematical model to predict the performance of the membrane is developed. The model is a combination of the well known dusty gas model, which describes the transfer of multi-components mixture in porous media, together with a surface diffusion model. The model is first validated using the literature results for the separation of hydrogen from hydrocarbons mixture. The model is then applied to the nitrogen-hydrocarbons system. The membrane performance is evaluated in terms of nitrogen recovery, methane loss, nitrogen …

Approximate Analytical Solution For The Isothermal Lane-Emden Equation In A Spherical Geometry, Moustafa A. Soliman, Yousef S. Al-Zeghayer

Chemical Engineering

This paper obtains an approximate analytical solution for the isothermal Lane-Emden equation that models a self-gravitating isothermal sphere. The approximate solution is obtained by perturbation methods in terms of small and large distance parameters. The approximate solution is compared with the numerical solution. The approximate solution obtained is valid for all values of the distance parameter.

Fe Supported Alumina Catalyst For Methane Decomposition: Effect Of Co Coupling, Anis H. Fakeeha, Ahmed A. Ibrahim, Ahmed S. Al-Fatesh, Wasim Ullah Khan, Yahya A. Mohammed, Ahmed E. Abasaeed, Moustafa A. Soliman, Raja L. Al-Otaibi

Chemical Engineering

In recent years hydrogen production received enormous attention, since it is an environmentally friendly, energy source. The aim of this research was to examine the hydrogen production with the help of methane’s catalytic decomposition. 30% Fe coupled with different % of Co over alumina support, were examined by catalytic decomposition of methane for the production of hydrogen. The catalysts were prepared by impregnation method. The catalytic activity results revealed that the catalysts, coupled 15%Co gave the highest conversion of 72.5% as depicted by the three hour time on stream profile. The fresh and spent catalysts were characterized using different techniques …

Thermo-Catalytic Methane Decomposition: A Review Of State Of The Art Of Catalysts, Ahmed A. Ibrahim, Ahmed S. Al-Fatesh, Wasim Ullah Khan, Moustafa A. Soliman, Raja L. Al-Otaibi, Anis H. Fakeeha

Chemical Engineering

The catalytic methane decomposition to produce carbon oxides–free hydrogen and carbon nanomaterial is a promising method feasible for larger production at a moderate cheap price. The produced hydrogen is refined and can be employed straight in fuel cell and in petrochemical industries to produce ammonia and methanol. Auto-thermal reforming of natural gas, partial oxidation, steam reforming are the conventional techniques for hydrogen production in industry, though these processes incur excessive costs for the purification of hydrogen from producing carbon oxides. Current research work on thermo-catalytic methane decomposition has concentrated on promoting the catalytic activity and stability for simultaneous production of …

On The Catalytic Activity Of Palladium Nanoparticles-Based Anodes Towards Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation: Effect Of Electrodeposition Potential, Islam M. Al-Akraa Dr., Ahmad M. Mohammad Prof, Mohamed S. El-Deab Prof, Bahgat E. El-Anadouli Prof

Chemical Engineering

In this investigation, the catalytic activity of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs)-modified glassy carbon (GC) (simply noted as PdNPs/GC) electrodes towards the formic acid electro-oxidation (FAO) was investigated. The deposition of PdNPs on the GC substrate was carried out by a potentiostatic technique at different potentials and the corresponding influence on the particles size and crystal structure of PdNPs as well as the catalytic activity towards FAO was studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated the deposition of PdNPs in spherical shapes and the average particle size of PdNPs deposited at a potential of 0 V vs. Ag/AgCl/KCl(sat.) was the smallest (ca. 8 …

Mechanistic Models On Enzymatic Hydrolysis And Anaerobic Digestion, Yang Zhang

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

For enzymatic hydrolysis, a mechanistic model on enzymatic hydrolysis of pure cellulosic substrates was improved to consider oligomer reactions with beta-glucanases, inhibition of oligomers to cellulases and enzyme decay. Then a novel and general modeling framework was developed for enzymatic hydrolysis of hemicellulose-cellulosic substrates. This mechanistic model, for the first time, took into consideration explicitly the time evolution of morphologies of intertwining cellulose and hemicelluloses. This novel mechanistic model was applied to optimize the composition of enzyme mixtures for substrate conversion and monosaccharides yield during simultaneous enzymatic hydrolysis of different lignocellulosic substrates. For anaerobic digestion, the original "Anaerobic Digestion Model …

Temperature Control Of An Emulsion Polymerization Process, Evan M. Arnold

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

The project premise was to create a new temperature control scheme for an emulsion polymerization process at the pilot scale with intentions of implementing the system into a production facility in the near future. The data was collected using electronic instrumentation at a current emulsion polymerization pilot plant facility in real-time and saved in a Microsoft Excel format. The control scheme was based on three parameters: the rate of change, temperature dead band around the set point to determine heating or cooling, and a jacket fluid clamp temperature. After research and experimentation on actual emulsion polymerization batches it was determined …

Plasma Processes And Cancer - Special Topical Cluster Of The 2nd Iwpct Meeting, Masaru Hori, Mounir Laroussi, Kai Masur, Yuzuru Ikehara

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

(First paragraph) Although the emerging multidisciplinary field of plasma medicine has been around for nearly two decades important advances have already taken place that could one day revolutionize healthcare and the way various challenging diseases can be treated.1-3Amongst these advances the effects of low temperature plasma (LTP) on cancer cells in vitro and in vivo stand out.4-13Current cancer treatment modalities, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, have serious side effects and tend to lose their benefits to the patients after a while. Therefore, novel and improved therapies that can be used alone …

Ambit Of Multiphase Cfd In Modelling Transport Processes Related To Oil Spill Scenario And Microfluidics, Abhijit Rao

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

During the ‘Deepwater Horizon’ accident in the deep sea in 2010, about 4.9 million barrels of oil was released into the Gulf of Mexico, making the spill one of the worst ocean spills in recent times. To mitigate the ill effects of the event on the environment, subsea injection of dispersants was carried out. Dispersant addition lowers the interfacial tension at oil/water interface and presence of local turbulence enhances the droplet disintegration process. The oil droplets contain a plethora of hydrocarbons which are soluble in water. In deep spill scenarios, droplets spend large amounts of time in water column; hence, …

Sinking Of Crude Oil Amended-Model Oil Mixtures Due To Evaporative Or Dissolution Weathering On The Surface And Submerged In Water, Cameron Joseph Loebig

LSU Master's Theses

Despite the popular belief that crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons that floats on the surface of water, tar balls continue to wash up on beaches from the sea floor years after the Deep Water Horizon oil spill. This is because of the rarely studied weathering effects that occur during deep sea spills. While the evaporative weathering process of oil at the water’s surface has been studied, no currently implemented models assess the weathering effects of dissolution within the water column. The evaporative effects at the sea surface and the dissolution of soluble components within droplets located in the …

The Future Of Carbon-Based Scaffolds In Foot And Ankle Surgery, Jarema S. Czarnecki, Khalid Lafdi, Panagiotis A. Tsonis

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Autologous grafts have been the gold standard in tissue replacement and the most accurate means of recapitulating both the biological and mechanical properties of tissue. However, autologous grafts have had complications and drawbacks. Skin grafting, a prime example of an autologous tissue graft, has been limited by the size of graft, availability, and secondary donor site morbidity. Use of cadaveric tissues circumvents several limitations of autologous grafts; however, sterilization processes used to reduce the risk of disease transmission potentially weaken tissues and eliminate living cells and some growth factors from scaffolds, making them suboptimal tissue replacements. Chemical cross-linkage of tissue …

Effects Of Disorder State And Interfacial Layer On Thermal Transport In Copper/Diamond System, Vikas Sinha, Jaime J. Gengler, Christopher Muratore, Jonathan E. Spowart

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

The characterization of Cu/diamond interface thermal conductance (h_c) along with an improved understanding of factors affecting it are becoming increasingly important, as Cu-diamond composites are being considered for electronic packaging applications. In this study, ∼90 nm thick Cu layers weredeposited on synthetic and natural single crystal diamond substrates. In several specimens, a Ti-interface layer of thickness ≤3.5 nm was sputtered between the diamond substrate and the Cu top layer. The h_c across Cu/diamond interfaces for specimens with and without a Ti-interface layer was determined usingtime-domain thermoreflectance. The h_c is ∼2× higher for similar interfacial layers on …

การเตรียมและการวิเคราะห์สมบัติของ น้ำมันถั่วอินคานาโนอิมัลชัน ที่ห่อหุ้มวิตามินอีสำหรับการใช้เป็นเครื่องสำอาง, ปภิชญา ตั๋นคำ

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

วัตถุประสงค์ของงานวิจัยนี้เพื่อศึกษาการเตรียมน้ำมันถั่วอินคานาโนอิมัลชันบรรจุวิตามินอีอะซิเตท สำหรับการประยุกต์ใช้เป็นเครื่องสำอาง องค์ประกอบหลักทางเคมีของเมล็ดถั่วอินคาประกอบด้วย น้ำมัน (42.55 เปอร์เซ็นต์), คาร์โบไฮเดรต (32.38 เปอร์เซ็นต์) และโปรตีน (18.40 เปอร์เซ็นต์) สารประกอบหลักของน้ำมันประกอบด้วยกรดไขมันแอลฟ่าไลโนเลอิค (42 เปอร์เซ็นต์), กรดไขมันไลโนเลนิค (40 เปอร์เซ็นต์), แกมมา โทโคฟีรอล (0.095 เปอร์เซ็นต์) และ เดลต้า โทโคฟีรอล (0.068 เปอร์เซ็นต์) ความสามารถในการต้านออกซิเดชันของน้ำมัน ตรวจวัดด้วยวิธี DPPH และ ABTS พบว่า มีความสามารถต้านออกซิเดชัน คือ 24.91 ไมโครกรัมเทียบกับสารโทล็อกซ์ และ 41.13 ไมโครกรัมเทียบกับสารโทล็อกซ์ ตามลำดับและปริมาณฟีโนลิครวมเท่ากับ 6.43.มิลลิกรัมเทียบเท่าสารมาตรฐานกรดแกลลิคต่อน้ำหนัก 100 กรัมของน้ำมัน น้ำมันถั่วอินคานาโนอิมัลชัน ถูกเตรียมได้ด้วยวิธีการกลับวัฏภาคในสภาวะต่างๆ เพื่อประเมิณอิทธิพลของปัจจัยที่มีต่อลักษณะทางเคมีฟิสิกส์และความคงตัว สูตรตำรับที่ดีที่สุด ประกอบด้วยน้ำมันถั่วอินคา 5 เปอร์เซ็นต์ ใช้สารลดแรงตึงผิวผสม (Span80 และ CremophorH40) 7 เปอร์เซ็นต์ ที่ค่า HLB (ค่าสมดุลการชอบน้ำและการชอบไขมัน) เท่ากับ 9 วิตามินอี อะซิเตท 1 เปอร์เซ็นต์ และน้ำ 88 เปอร์เซ็นต์ นาโนอิมัลชันที่ได้ มีลักษณะค่อนข้างโปร่งแสง และมีความคงสภาพสูง ด้วยขนาดหยดอนุภาคเฉลี่ยอยู่ระหว่าง 52 ถึง 58 นาโนเมตร และ มีค่าศักย์ไฟฟ้าอยู่ระหว่าง -45 ถึง-38 มิลลิโวลต์ ประสิทธิภาพการกักเก็บ เท่ากับ 87.37 เปอร์เซ็นต์ วิตามินอี อะซิเตทที่บรรจุ ในตำรับที่เหมาะสม พบว่ามีความคงตัวภายหลังกระบวนการผลิต และเก็บรักษาที่อุณหภูมิ 4 องศาเซลเซียส 30 องศาเซลเซียส และ 45 องศาเซลเซียส เป็นระยะเวลา 60 …

Evaluation Of Preformed Particle Gel Treatment Using Homogeneous And Heterogeneous Models, Hilary Ogochukwu Elue

Masters Theses

"This research investigates the effects of preformed particle gel (PPG) in remedying the problems of excess water production and low oil recovery of heterogeneous reservoirs by placing the PPG in the high-permeability layer, thus diverting displacing brine to the unswept low permeability layer. This investigation was completed with three tasks.

The first task was to evaluate the PPG swelling kinetics and strength as a function of concentration of brine. The result of this task indicate that PPG prepared with low concentration of brine swells more, becomes weaker, more deformable than PPG prepared with high concentration of brine.

The second task …

Survey And Data Analysis Of Polymer Flooding Pilot And Field Applications In China, Yandong Zhang

Masters Theses

"Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes are regarded as important methods to recovery remaining oil after primary and secondary recovery. It is significant to select the most appropriate EOR process among the possible techniques for a candidate reservoir. EOR screening criteria has been created using available EOR datasets and served as the first step to compare the suitability of each EOR method for a particular reservoir. Most of these datasets are collected from EOR surveys published by Oil & Gas Journal. This study proposes a comprehensive study of a dataset including 55 pilot and field polymer flooding applications in China. Statistical …