Design Mixers To Minimize Effects Of Erosion And Corrosion Erosion,
2012
Mixer Engineering Co.
Design Mixers To Minimize Effects Of Erosion And Corrosion Erosion, Julian B. Fasano, Eric E. Janz, Kevin J. Myers
Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
A thorough review of the major parameters that affect solid-liquid slurry wear on impellers and techniques for minimizing wear is presented. These major parameters include (i) chemical environment, (ii) hardness of solids, (iii) density of solids, (iv) percent solids, (v) shape of solids, (vi) fluid regime (turbulent, transitional, or laminar), (vii) hardness of the mixer's wetted parts, (viii) hydraulic efficiency of the impeller (kinetic energy dissipation rates near the impeller blades), (ix) impact velocity, and (x) impact frequency. Techniques for minimizing the wear on impellers cover the choice of impeller, size and speed of the impeller, alloy selection, and surface …
Quantifying Cell-To-Cell Variations In Lithium Ion Batteries,
2012
University of South Carolina - Columbia
Quantifying Cell-To-Cell Variations In Lithium Ion Batteries, Shriram Santhanagopalan, Ralph E. White
Faculty Publications
Lithium ion batteries have conventionally been manufactured in small capacities but large volumes for consumer electronics applications. More recently, the industry has seen a surge in the individual cell capacities, as well as the number of cells used to build modules and packs. Reducing cell-to-cell and lot-to-lot variations has been identified as one of the major means to reduce the rejection rate when building the packs as well as to improve pack durability. The tight quality control measures have been passed on from the pack manufactures to the companies building the individual cells and in turn to the components. This …
Development Of Strategies To Minimize The Release Of Trace Elements From Coal Waste Sources,
2012
University of Kentucky
Development Of Strategies To Minimize The Release Of Trace Elements From Coal Waste Sources, Mohammad Rezaee
Theses and Dissertations--Mining Engineering
To assess strategies aimed at minimizing the release of trace elements and the impact of disposal of coal waste materials on the environment, two long-term leaching experiments of up to five months duration were performed using waste materials from two plants cleaning high and low sulfur bituminous coal. The tests evaluated the mobility of major trace elements under different disposal scenarios: (i) a static leaching test designed to simulate the quiescent conditions encountered by coal waste material stored under water in a stable impoundment, and (ii) a dynamic test to simulate waste materials exposed to the atmosphere, either in variable …
Nanoparticle Necklace Network Arrays Exhibiting Room Temperature Single-Electron Switching,
2011
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Nanoparticle Necklace Network Arrays Exhibiting Room Temperature Single-Electron Switching, Jennifer L. Kane
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
A single nanoparticle is one of the most sensitive electronic devices for sensing chemicals in a gas or liquid. The conductivity of a single Au nanoparticle is significantly modulated by the binding of a molecule that alters charge by just one electron. However, the single-electron sensitivity requires cryogenic temperatures and interconnection is not easy. A patterned two-dimensional network of one-dimensional nanoparticle necklaces made up of 10 nm Au particles are fabricated and shown to exhibit similar single-electron effect at room temperature. Furthermore, the long range conductivity of over 10’s of microns makes the structure easy to self-assemble onto conventional microelectronics …
Proteome Based Development Of Novel Affinity Tail For Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography And Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography,
2011
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Proteome Based Development Of Novel Affinity Tail For Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography And Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography, Neha Tiwari
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
At industrial scale, reducing the step in purification and recovery is desired; this not only decreases the cost but also increases the yield. Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography (HIC) and Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography (IMAC) both are not harsh on biological structure or activity of proteins; also both the techniques are economical and therefore a suitable choice at industrial level. This dissertation comprises of three parts. Purpose for the Part I was to identify and characterize Escherichia coli proteins which display affinity towards both IMAC and Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography (HIC). Co (II) IMAC was chosen as the primary capture step, followed by …
Giant Magnetostriction In Annealed Co1-XFeX Thin-Films,
2011
University of South Carolina - Columbia
Giant Magnetostriction In Annealed Co1-XFeX Thin-Films, Dwight Hunter, Will Osborn, Ke Wang, Nataliya Kazantseva, Jason R. Hattrick-Simpers, Richard Suchoski, Ryota Takahashi, Marcus L. Young, Apurva Mehta, Leonid A. Bendersky, Same E. Lofland, Manfred Wuttig, Ichiro Takeuchi
Faculty Publications
Chemical and structural heterogeneity and the resulting interaction of coexisting phases can lead to extraordinary behaviours in oxides, as observed in piezoelectric materials at morphotropic phase boundaries and relaxor ferroelectrics. However, such phenomena are rare in metallic alloys. Here we show that, by tuning the presence of structural heterogeneity in textured Co1−xFex thin films, effective magnetostriction λeff as large as 260 p.p.m. can be achieved at low-saturation field of ~10 mT. Assuming λ100 is the dominant component, this number translates to an upper limit of magnetostriction ofλ100≈5λeff >1,000 p.p.m. Microstructural analyses …
L'Oreal Waste Minimization,
2011
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
L'Oreal Waste Minimization, Caitlin Burns, Joe Baugh, Allen Busick, Ryan Black, Emily Evans, Matthew Margis
Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses
The purpose of this design project is to reduce the amount of waste being generated at L’Oreal’s North Little Rock manufacturing facility. To accomplish this, the design team visited the North Little Rock manufacturing facility to examine the areas producing the most waste. After gaining a detailed understanding of these areas, the UP1 production line was identified as one of the largest opportunities for waste reduction in the L’Oreal manufacturing facility. In the UP1 processing area, mascara is mixed in large mixing tanks and then pumped in to barrels to be packaged. The 2,000 liter and 1,000 liter Olsa tanks …
Adsorption Of Neodymium Experiment Design To Simulate Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing,
2011
Syracuse University
Adsorption Of Neodymium Experiment Design To Simulate Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing, Brian C. Froese
Renée Crown University Honors Thesis Projects - All
The purpose of this project was to develop a laboratory experiment to be conducted by future Nuclear Engineering Track (NET) students that adequately demonstrates adsorption of the lanthanide neodymium, an extraction technique used in nuclear fuel reprocessing. Nuclear fuel reprocessing is the chemical separation of various elemental components in spent nuclear fuel. These components, once isolated, can be recycled or reused and ultimately minimize the volume of radioactive waste. There were several steps taken to accomplish this task. First, an independent study of Dr. Hyung Jun Park’s work on phosphorus based adsorbents was conducted. Research was also done on current …
The Impact Of Driving Conditions On Phev Battery Performance,
2011
Western Michigan University
The Impact Of Driving Conditions On Phev Battery Performance, Nathan Christensen, John Patten, Steven Srivastava, Gary P. Nola
Green Manufacturing Research Journal
The battery performance of a modified Prius with a 5 kWh plug-in battery was documented for a year to determine the impact of environmental conditions and user attributes on vehicle performance. Both fuel economy and pure electrical efficiency were compared to ambient temperature. The fuel economy has a positive relationship with ambient temperature until approximately 70˚F where the efficiency begins to drop. Electrical performance has a positive linear relationship with ambient temperature. With the emergence of electric vehicles (EVs) and PHEVs from a variety of automotive manufacturers, information on EV and PHEV performance for consumers will become more important.
Melting Point Depression Of Lead-Free Solder By Gold,
2011
University of Alabama in Huntsville
Melting Point Depression Of Lead-Free Solder By Gold, Julie E. Thomas
Summer Community of Scholars Posters (RCEU and HCR Combined Programs)
No abstract provided.
Optical Cell For Combinatorial In Situ Raman Spectroscopic Measurements Of Hydrogen Storage Materials At High Pressures And Temperatures,
2011
University of South Carolina - Columbia
Optical Cell For Combinatorial In Situ Raman Spectroscopic Measurements Of Hydrogen Storage Materials At High Pressures And Temperatures, Jason R. Hattrick-Simpers, Wilbur S. Hurst, Sesha S. Srinivasan, James E. Maslar
Faculty Publications
An optical cell is described for high-throughput backscattering Raman spectroscopic measurements of hydrogen storagematerials at pressures up to 10 MPa and temperatures up to 823 K. High throughput is obtained by employing a 60 mm diameter × 9 mm thick sapphire window, with a corresponding 50 mm diameter unobstructed optical aperture. To reproducibly seal this relatively large window to the cell body at elevated temperatures and pressures, a gold o-ring is employed. The sample holder-to-window distance is adjustable, making this cell design compatible with optical measurement systems incorporating lenses of significantly different focal lengths, e.g., microscope objectives and single element …
Single-Particle Model For A Lithium-Ion Cell: Thermal Behavior,
2011
University of South Carolina - Columbia
Single-Particle Model For A Lithium-Ion Cell: Thermal Behavior, Meng Guo, Godfrey Sikha, Ralph E. White
Faculty Publications
The single-particle model presented by Santhanagopalan et al. [ J. Power Sources , 156 , 620 (2006)] is extended to include an energy balance. The temperature dependence of the solid phase diffusion coefficient of the lithium in the intercalation particles, the electrochemical reaction rate constants, and the open circuit potentials (OCPs) of the positive and negative electrodes are included in the model. The solution phase polarization is approximated using a nonlinear resistance, which is a function of current and temperature. The model is used to predict the temperature and voltage profiles in a lithium-ion cell during galvanostatic operations. The single-particle …
The Effects Of Electricity Pring On Phev Competitiveness,
2010
Purdue University
The Effects Of Electricity Pring On Phev Competitiveness, Shisheng Huang, Bri-Mathias S. Hodge, Farzad Taheripour, Joseph F. Pekny, Gintaras V. Reklaitis, Wallace E. Tyner
PPRI Digital Library
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) will soon start to be introduced into the transportation sector, thereby raising a host of issues related to their use, adoption and effects on the electricity sector. Their introduction has the potential to significantly reduce carbon emissions from the transportation sector, which has led to government policies aimed at easing their introduction. If their wide-spread adoption is set as a target it is imperative to consider the effects of existing policies that may increase or decrease their adoption rate. In this study, we present a micro level electricity demand model that can gauge the effects …
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Biomass-Kinetic Model For Chlorella Vulgaris In A Biofuel Production Scheme,
2010
Air Force Institute of Technology
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Biomass-Kinetic Model For Chlorella Vulgaris In A Biofuel Production Scheme, William M. Rowley
Theses and Dissertations
Chlorella vulgaris was cultured in microbioreactors using Bold’s Basal medium at varying nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations to define nitrogen and phosphorus utilization standards. Nutrient concentration was varied between 137 mg/L to 7.33 mg/L NO3-N and between 55.2 mg/L to11.0 mg/L PO4-P in five test scenarios. All were grown under a constant photoperiod at 22±2 °C and a mixture of 4 to 10% carbon dioxide/air. Maximum yield and growth rate occurred with the highest initial nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations. A statistically significant difference in biomass was found among all test levels at the end of the eight day growth period. Applying …
Electrostatic Quadrupole Plasma Mass Spectrometer Measurements During Thin Film Depositions Using Simultaneous Matrix Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation And Magnetron Sputtering,
2010
Air Force Research Laboratory
Electrostatic Quadrupole Plasma Mass Spectrometer Measurements During Thin Film Depositions Using Simultaneous Matrix Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation And Magnetron Sputtering, Chad N. Hunter, Michael H. Check, Christopher Muratore, Andrey A. Voevodin
Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
A hybrid plasma deposition process, combining matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) of carbon nanopearls (CNPs) with magnetron sputtering of gold was investigated for growth of composite films, where 100 nm sized CNPs were encapsulated into a gold matrix. Composition and morphology of such composite films was characterized with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Carbondeposits on a gold magnetron sputter target and carbon impurities in the gold matrices of depositedfilms were observed while codepositing from gold and frozen toluene-CNP MAPLE targets in pure argon. Electrostatic quadrupole plasma analysis was used to determine that …
Maximizing The Life Of A Lithium-Ion Cell By Optimization Of Charging Rates,
2010
University of South Carolina
Maximizing The Life Of A Lithium-Ion Cell By Optimization Of Charging Rates, Saeed Khaleghi Rahimian, Sean Rayman, Ralph E. White
Faculty Publications
Using a dynamic optimization method, the optimum charge currents as a function of cycle number during cycling for the lithium-ion cell are obtained. A single particle physics-based model, which includes capacity fade, was applied to simulate the cell performance under low earth-orbit (LEO) cycling conditions. Useful cell life is defined as the number of cycles before the end of discharge voltage drops below 3.0 V or the cell discharge capacity becomes less than 20% of the original discharge capacity. The simulated useful cell life can be increased by ∼29.28% by varying the charge current.
Theoretical Analysis Of Stresses In A Lithium Ion Cell,
2010
University of South Carolina
Theoretical Analysis Of Stresses In A Lithium Ion Cell, Sindhuja Renganathan, Godfrey Sikha, Shriram Santhanagopalan, Ralph E. White
Faculty Publications
A mathematical model to simulate the generation of mechanical stress during the discharge process in a dual porous insertion electrode cell sandwich comprised of lithium cobalt oxide and carbon is presented. The model attributes stress buildup within intercalation electrodes to two different aspects: changes in the lattice volume due to intercalation and phase transformation during the charge/discharge process. The model is used to predict the influence of cell design parameters such as thickness, porosity, and particle size of the electrodes on the magnitude of stress generation. The model developed in this study can be used to understand the mechanical degradation …
